GLOBAL EXISTENCE AND EXPONENTIAL STABILITY OF SOLUTIONS TO THE QUASILINEAR THERMO-DIFFUSION EQUATIONS WITH SECOND SOUND

This article is devoted to the study of global existence and exponential stability of solutions to an initial-boundary value problem of the quasilinear thermo-diffusion equations with second sound by means of multiplicative techniques and energy method provided that the initial data are close to the equilibrium and the relaxation kernel is strongly positive definite and decays exponentially.

Numerical study on coupled thermo-mechanical processes in sp Pillar Stability Experiment

This paper presents a study of the full three-dimensional thermo-mechanical （TM） behavior of rock pillar in,Aspo Pillar Stability Experiment （APSE） using a self-developed numerical code TM-EPCA3D. The transient thermal conduction function was descritized on space and time scales, and was solved by using cellular automaton （CA） method on space scale and finite difference method on time scale, respectively. The advantage of this approach is that no global, but local matrix is used so that it avoids the need to develop and solve large-scale linear equations and the complexity therein. A thermal conductivity versus stress function was proposed to reflect the effect of stress on thermal field. The temperature evolution and induced thermal stress in the pillar part during the heating and cooling processes were well simulated by the developed code. The factors that affect the modeling results were discussed. It is concluded that, the complex TM behavior of Aspo rock pillar is significantly influenced by the complex boundary and initial conditions.

Numerical modeling for the coupled thermo-mechanical processes and spalling phenomena in sp Pillar Stability Experiment (APSE)

In this paper, the coupled thermo-mechanical （TM） processes in the AEspoe Pillar Stability Experiment （APSE） carried out by the Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company （SKB） were simulated using both continuum and discontinuum based numerical methods. Two-dimensional （2D） and three- dimensional （3D） finite element method （FEM） and 2D distinct element method （DEM） with particles were used. The main objective for the large scale in situ experiment is to investigate the yielding strength of crystalline rock and the formation of the excavation disturbed/damaged zone （EDZ） during excavation of two boreholes, pressurizing of one of the boreholes and heating. For the DEM simulations, the heat flow algorithm was newly introduced into the original code. The calculated stress, displacement and temperature distributions were compared with the ones obtained from in situ measurements and FEM simulations. A parametric study for initial microcracks was also performed to reproduce the spalling phenomena observed in the APSE.

EXPERIMENT AND THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS ON THE PHASE STABILITY OF LOW ACTIVATION Fe-Cr-Mn(W,V) ALLOY

Phase stability of four different chemical component Fe-Cr-Mn(W, V) alloys are investigated by experimental method and thermodynamic model in this paper. It is indicated that the main phase of four alloys after aged under 623, 673, 773K for 200h are austenitic phase. The results of Thermo-Calc, which are based on Gibbs energy, show that the phases of four alloys under ihe same temperature as experimental method are single austenitic phase. The results of experimental method and Thermo-Calc agree well.

Thermoelastic Stability of Closed Cylindrical Shell in Supersonic Gas Flow

In a linear framework,the problem of stability of closed cylindrical shell is briefly discussed.The cylindrical shell is immersed in a supersonic gas flow and under the influence of temperature field varying along the thickness.An unperturbed uniform velocity flow field,directed along the short edges of the shell,is applied.Due to the inhomogeneity of the temperature field distribution across the thickness shell buckling instability occurs.This instability accounts for the deformed shape of the shell,to be referred as the unperturbed state.Stability conditions and boundary for the unperturbed state of the system under consideration are presented following the basic theory of aero-thermo-elasticity.The stability boundary depends on the variables characterizing the flow speed,the temperature at the middle plane of the shell and the temperature gradient in the direction normal to that plane.It is shown that the combined effect of the temperature field and flowing stream regulates the process of stability,and the temperature field can significantly change the flutter critical speed.

Nonlinear thermo-mechanical stability of eccentrically stiffened functionally graded material sandwich doubly curved shallow shells with general sigmoid law and power law according to third-order shear deformation theory

In this paper, the nonlinear analysis of stability of functionally graded ma- terial （FGM） sandwich doubly curved shallow shells is studied under thermo-mechanical loads with material properties obeying the general sigmoid law and power law of four ma- terial models. Shells are reinforced by the FGM stiffeners and rest on elastic foundations. Theoretical formulations are derived by the third-order shear deformation theory （TSDT） with the von Karman-type nonlinearity taking into account the initial geometrical im- perfection and smeared stiffener technique. The explicit expressions for determining the critical buckling load and the post-buckling mechanical and thermal load-deflection curves are obtained by the Galerkin method. Two iterative algorithms are presented. The effects of the stiffeners, the thermal element, the distribution law of material, the initial imper- fection, the foundation, and the geometrical parameters on buckling and post-buckling of shells are investigated.

A pseudo-coupled numerical approach for stability analysis of frozen soil slopes based on finite element limit analysis method

To simplify the stability analysis of frozen soil slope, a pseudo-coupled numerical approach is developed. In this approach, the coupled heat transfer and water flow in frozen soils are simulated first, and based on the computed thermal-hydro field, the stability of frozen soil slope is evaluated. Although the shear strength for frozen soil is very complicated and is usually represented by a nonlinear MC failure criterion, a simple linear MC yield criterion is utilized. In this method, the internal friction angle is expressed as a function of volumetric ice content and the cohesion is fitted as a simple bilinear expression of Tand volumetric water content. To assess slope stability, the limit analysis is employed in conjunction with the recently developed a-section search algorithm. A frozen soil slope example is used to examine the proposed pseudo-coupled numerical approach, and numerical studies validate its effectiveness. Based on numerical results, it is seen that slope stability may be remarkably influenced by warming air （or grotmd surface） temperature. With increasing ground surface temperature, slope stability indicated by FOS may reduce to 1.0, implying that wanning air temperature could be a trigger of frozen soil slope failure.

Thermo-Span合金在650℃长期时效稳定性

对标准热处理和650℃长期时效下的低膨胀Thermo-Span合金的组织和性能进行观察和分析,结果表明:650℃时效1000 h后,合金块状和棒状Laves相无明显变化,但晶界析出相数量有所增加;晶内小条块状相聚集析出的区域更多,γ'相由约10 nm长大到约30 nm。合金的室温拉伸强度稍有下降,降幅约为8%,塑性基本不变;650℃拉伸强度降低约5%,塑性变化不大。合金的光滑持久寿命降低约41%,持久塑性明显提高,时效后合金仍无缺口敏感性。

Numerical modeling of coupled thermo-mechanical response of a rock pillar

Understanding the rock mass response to excavation and thermal loading and improving the capability of the numerical models for simulating the progressive failure process of brittle rocks are important for safety assessment and optimization design of nuclear waste repositories.The international cooperative DECOVALEX-2011 project provides a platform for development,validation and comparison of numerical models,in which the sp pillar stability experiment（APSE） was selected as the modeling target for Task B.This paper presents the modeling results of Wuhan University（WHU） team for stages 1 and 2 of Task B by using a coupled thermo-mechanical model within the framework of continuum mechanics.The rock mass response to excavation is modeled with linear elastic,elastoplastic and brittle-plastic models,while the response to heating is modeled with a coupled thermo-elastic model.The capabilities and limitations of the model for representation of the thermo-mechanical responses of the rock pillar are discussed by comparing the modeling results with experimental observations.The results may provide a helpful reference for the stability and safety assessment of the hard granite host rock in China＇s Beishan preselected area for high-level radioactive waste disposal.

Preparation and Properties of Fiber Optic Oxygen Sensing Material by Thermo-polymerization Method

A new kind of fiber optic oxygen sensing material based on the fluorescence quenching of Ru（bpy）3Cl2 was prepared by the themo-polymerization method. The ruthenium dye was immobilized in N, N-methylene bisacrylamide（MBBA） polymer by physically trapping while MBBA was covalently crosslinked on the glass micro-beads by NaHSO3-O2-MnSO4 initiator system. The lock-in amplifyication technology was used for the detection of their sensing properties. The influences of indicator concentration, glass micro-beads diameter, post polymerization time, concentration and reaction time of glutaraldehyde on the properties of sensing materials were studied. To optimize the influencing factors to the sensing materials, the indicator concentration of 0.7 g/L, glass micro-beads diameter of 0.3 mm, post polymerization time of 5 h were achieved. The immobilization stability of ruthenium dye and the performance of the sensing materials were improved by the new polymerization system. An absolute detection limit of 3×10-6 （V/V） and the response time of 10 s were obtained. This kind of sensing materials has good stability and their life time is 2 years.

Continuous Dependence for the Linear Differential Equations of Thermo-Diffusion

In this paper, we establish the structural stability for the linear differential equations of thermo-diffusion in a semi-infinite pipe flow. Using the technology of a second-order differential inequality, we prove the continuous dependence on the density ρ and the coefficient of thermal conductivity K. These results show that small changes for these coefficients can’t cause tremendous changes for the solutions.

多年冻土斜坡稳定性的模拟分析

气候变暖改变了多年冻土活动层的水热状态和物理特性,降低了斜坡的稳定性。目前多年冻土斜坡的稳定性分析多采用极限平衡方法,然而这种方法难以分析活动层水分场、温度场、应力场和位移场及其耦合效应下的斜坡稳定性。因此,将Mohr-Coulomb准则整合加入到冻土热-水-力模型之中,建立了多年冻土斜坡的热水力耦合模型(coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical model,THM),定量分析了夏季极端高温对多年冻土斜坡稳定性的影响。为了验证模型的有效性,选择了青藏高原东部多年冻土区某一滑坡为研究对象,通过构建极限平衡模型和THM模型计算了其稳定性,并对比分析了模拟结果和现场观测数据的关系。研究结果表明,THM模型模拟结果与传统极限平衡方法计算结果相吻合,且数值模拟得到的滑移面位置、位移量级和最终形态与现场实测资料相一致;在夏季极端高温条件下,当多年冻土活动层融化至1.45 m时,斜坡将沿着融化锋面失稳,且滑移面基本平行于坡面。研究结果对寒区各类工程边坡塌陷和热融滑塌的过程认识具有一定的参考价值。

基于D-P准则的天然气水合物井壁稳定性研究

钻井过程中,钻井液对水合物地层产生热交换作用,同时钻井液侵入会影响水合物稳定,两者均引起井周应力场变化,导致井壁坍塌等复杂情况,严重制约着天然气水合物资源高效开发。基于线性热弹性多孔介质理论建立了热流固耦合的水合物斜井井周应力模型,引入欧拉变换考虑三维地应力大小和方向的随机性,采用D-P准则强化中间主应力对水合物井壁稳定的影响,并开展了井斜角/方位角、水合物饱和度、井壁渗透性以及钻井液温度等因素对水合物井壁稳定的研究。研究结果表明:井斜角对井壁的稳定性具有更大的影响,井斜角每增加30°坍塌压力变化0.155 MPa,方位角每增加30°坍塌压力变化0.112 MPa。水合物从高到低饱和度的分解过程,前期地层强度缓慢降低,后期快速降低。水合物地层的有效孔隙度增加使得钻井液侵入量增加,致使地层有效应力降低,导致地层的变形和破裂,增加井壁失稳风险。水合物地层对高于相平衡温度(285 K)的钻井液较为敏感,每升高1 K坍塌压力当量密度约增加0.0069 g/cm^(3),相反则表现较为迟钝。在进行钻井作业时,选用合适的高抑制性、低温钻井液有助于控制水合物的分解以及减少钻井液侵入,进而降低水合物井壁失稳风险。研究结果可为天然气水合物井壁稳定性研究提供参考。

Laves-Co_(2)(HfTa)合金的相稳定性及热物性

基于第一性原理计算方法,在考虑磁效应的基础上,对不同温度下合金Co_(2)(HfTa)中的稳定结构、电子性质和热力学性质展开了研究.通过第一性原理计算形成能、弹性性质及声子色散关系,结果表明合金Co_(2)(Hf_(x)Ta_(1-x))在x≤0.75时基态是C36,当x>0.75时基态是C14.这一发现提示了合金成分对其基态结构的影响,并为合金的稳定性提供了重要线索.值得注意的是,考虑了振动熵和电子熵的贡献后,Co_(2)Hf相对稳定的结构变为C36,Co_(2)Ta变为C14,这表明温度会对合金结构稳定性的影响.Co_(2)(Hf_(x)Ta_(1-x))合金在弹性方面呈现出本征脆性.热力学分析表明其在高温下热容趋于稳定,德拜温度近似为常数,振动熵随温度递增且与压强负相关.电子态密度分析揭示了Co_(2)(HfTa)合金三个结构的相稳定性.

高温升燃烧室热声耦合特性研究

为建立燃烧室热声不稳定性预测和分析方法,以某高温升单管燃烧室试验件为研究对象,构建了试验系统低阶热声网络(LOTAN)模型。基于试验数据,利用优化的方法获得了各工况下的火焰传递函数(FTF),并利用Kriging模型拟合出了增益与迟滞时间对工况参数的响应模型。利用拟合出的FTF响应模型分析了油气比和进气速度对燃烧室热声稳定性的影响。研究结果表明:通过优化得到的FTF能够较准确反映各工况下的非稳态热释放特性,导入LOTAN中计算得到的结果与试验结果吻合较好,最大误差约3.32%;油气比的改变会引起不稳定模态的转变,油气比或进气速度升高时,系统特征频率也随之升高。

PBAT/没食子酸酯化纳米纤维素复合膜的制备及性能

本文以自制三乙酰基没食子酰氯为单体,以1-烯丙基-3-甲基氯化咪唑离子液体为溶剂,调节反应物的质量分数,控制反应条件,通过溶液反应,制备高取代度的改性纤维素;而后控制再生条件,并脱乙酰化,制备了高取代度的没食子酸酯化纳米纤维素(PHNC10-1)。傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)、元素分析和原子力显微镜(AFM)证明了PHNC10-1的成功制备。随后将PHNC10-1引入聚己二酸对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBAT),通过溶液浇铸的方式制备复合膜。拉伸性能测试表明,当PHNC10-1的质量分数为2%时,复合膜的拉伸性能最优,与PBAT膜相比,复合膜的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别提高了4.5%和7.0%;继续增加PHNC10-1的质量分数,PHNC10-1在基体中团聚,导致复合膜的拉伸性能下降。热重分析和热氧老化实验表明,PHNC10-1可有效地提升PBAT的热氧稳定性。

白藜芦醇的光稳定性和热稳定性研究

采用分光光度法和高效液相色谱法(HPLC)对不同环境条件下的白藜芦醇的稳定性进行了研究,并对不同环境条件处理后的样品进行了清除二苯代苦味酰基自由基活性和抑制酪氨酸酶活性的研究。结果表明,反式白藜芦醇具有光不稳定和热不稳定性,在光照和/或加热下有部分转变为顺式白藜芦醇。样品光照0.5 h后,306 nm处吸光度值下降52%;60℃条件下放置60 h后,306 nm处吸光度值下降32%。未经光照的新配制的白藜芦醇溶液对单酚酶和双酚酶的抑制率为零,而光照36 h的白藜芦醇溶液对单酚酶和双酚酶的抑制率分别达到30.74%和19.42%,并且其自由基清除率比新配制的样品增强了约300%。

碳纳米管高温热稳定性与结构的关系

使用分子动力学方法对单壁碳纳米管高温下的结构进行了计算机模拟。对扶手椅结构 (1 0 ,1 0 )和 (2 0 ,2 0 )的单壁碳纳米管进行了模拟 ,结果表明 ,碳纳米管开头端由于能量弛豫过程 ,直径比内部略大 ,在温度逐渐升高之后 ,构成纳米管的碳原子逐渐偏离晶格位置 ,小直径的碳纳米管在 3 0 0 0K温度之下结构是稳定的 ;

极端嗜热微生物及其高温适应机制的研究进展

极端嗜热微生物在高温条件下生长繁殖,其必然具有适应高温环境的特殊细胞结构、基因类型以及生理生化机制。极端嗜热微生物的研究对探索生命的起源以及极端嗜热微生物的开发和应用具有重要意义。对极端嗜热微生物中细胞膜、核酸分子、蛋白质分子、代谢产物和辅酶的高温适应机制的研究进展进行了概述,旨为极端嗜热微生物以及来源于极端嗜热微生物的各种生物分子的开发和应用提供理论依据。

一株嗜热子囊菌产生的碱性耐热过氧化氢酶及其应用潜力

研究了一株嗜热子囊菌产过氧化氢酶的摇瓶发酵条件 ,并对其在纺织工业中的应用潜力进行了评价。以2 0g L糊精和 1% (V V)乙醇为混合碳源时 ,过氧化氢酶酶活达到 15 94u mL ,比以糊精和乙醇单独为碳源时过氧化氢酶的活力之和还高 2 3%。改变培养基的初始pH、提高发酵液中的溶氧水平及添加外源过氧化氢 ,过氧化氢酶的产量进一步提高到 2 76 2u mL ,比优化前提高了 5 8倍。将嗜热子囊菌的过氧化氢酶同来源于牛肝、黑曲霉的过氧化氢酶进行了热 (70℃ ,80℃ ,90℃ )、碱 (pH 9 0 ,pH 10 0 ,pH 11 0 )稳定性的比较。结果显示 ,产自嗜热子囊菌的过氧化氢酶对高温和强碱性的耐受性能明显优于其它来源的酶 ,在纺织染整工艺中具有良好的应用潜力。