Rock thin-section analysis and identification based on artificial intelligent technique

Rock thin-section identification is an indispensable geological exploration tool for understanding and recognizing the composition of the earth.It is also an important evaluation method for oil and gas exploration and development.It can be used to identify the petrological characteristics of reservoirs,determine the type of diagenesis,and distinguish the characteristics of reservoir space and pore structure.It is necessary to understand the physical properties and sedimentary environment of the reservoir,obtain the relevant parameters of the reservoir,formulate the oil and gas development plan,and reserve calculation.The traditional thin-section identification method has a history of more than one hundred years,which mainly depends on the geological experts'visual observation with the optical microscope,and is bothered by the problems of strong subjectivity,high dependence on experience,heavy workload,long identification cycle,and incapability to achieve complete and accurate quantification.In this paper,the models of particle segmentation,mineralogy identification,and pore type intelligent identification are constructed by using deep learning,computer vision,and other technologies,and the intelligent thinsection identification is realized.This paper overcomes the problem of multi-target recognition in the image sequence,constructs a fine-grained classification network under the multi-mode and multi-light source,and proposes a modeling scheme of data annotation while building models,forming a scientific,quantitative and efficient slice identification method.The experimental results and practical application results show that the thin-section intelligent identification technology proposed in this paper does not only greatly improves the identification efficiency,but also realizes the intuitive,accurate and quantitative identification results,which is a subversive innovation and change to the traditional thin-section identification practice.

《中国药典》鹿衔草质量标准修订的研究

目的:针对《中华人民共和国药典》(以下简称《中国药典》)2020年版中鹿衔草药材标准存在的问题和局限性,对其质量标准进行改进和完善,为《中国药典》 2020年版鹿衔草药材质量标准的修订提供参考。方法:采用显微鉴别法与薄层色谱法对鹿衔草的鉴别项进行研究,增加了粉末显微鉴别,修订了薄层鉴别中的薄层板和展开剂;增加了鹿衔草质量标准中有关杂质的检查项;采用高效液相色谱法对鹿衔草中的水晶兰苷含量测定方法进行了改进,修订了供试品溶液制备方法。通过直观分析和主成分分析(PCA)对14批鹿衔草样品部分检验项目的测定结果进行分析与评价。结果:粉末显微鉴别法使标准控制更为完善;与原标准的薄层鉴别项比较,新建方法通用性好,斑点清晰;建立的含量测定方法准确、简便、快速、重复性好,对不同仪器和不同色谱柱的适应性好;直观分析和PCA的结果均显示杂质是影响鹿衔草质量的重要因素。结论:增加和修订的检测项目简便可行、重复性好,可用于鹿衔草药材的质量控制。

数字化岩石实验室的建设——以长安大学地学实验教学示范中心为例

为了提高实验教学的教学质量,并实现岩石实验室的规范化管理,本文以长安大学地学实验教学示范中心已有的岩石标本库为基础,通过详细的手标本描述和薄片镜下鉴定,建立岩石手标本和薄片的数据库,并提供上传、检索、下载等一系列操作,从而实现岩石实验室的数字化建设。

高大鬼针草的形态与显微鉴定

运用分子、植物形态以及显微鉴别的方法对高大鬼针草进行研究。通过测定DNA的ITS序列确定高大鬼针草为鬼针草属,并对其形态学以及茎、叶的显微鉴别特征进行详细描述和记录。该研究建立的方法为高大鬼针草的鉴定以及开发利用提供了参考依据。

Whole-Rock Geochemistry and Mineralogy of Triassic Montney Formation, Northeastern British Columbia, Western Canada Sedimentary Basin

Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to analyze chemical elements—major, trace and rare earth elements (REE) concentrations, augmented with quantitative X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and thin-section petrography for mineralogical characterization of the Triassic Montney Formation in northeastern British Columbia, Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB). Results from this study indicate that integration of chemical elements with mineralogy shows affinity to the host lithologies. Evidently, chemical elements are the building blocks for minerals, thus, their significances in the interpretation of geological systems are unambiguous. Herein, major elements concentration such as Al, Fe, K, Mg, Ca, Mn in the samples analyzed from the Montney Formation are interpreted as: 1) indication of dolomitization and diagenesis;2) trace elements—Rb, Th, U, and Cs are related to the organic matter—kerogen in the clay component of the Montney Formation source rock;and 3) transition metals—Sc, V, Co, Cr, Zn show strong affinity with diagenesis in the study interval.

Experimental Study for Improving the Toughness of Harden Cement Using Carbon Fiber

Many measures, such as water injection, acid fracturing, thermal recovery, have been taken in the oilfield development. These can easily induce brittle fracture of set cement. Most of all, there are greater potential for fractures in set cement in slim holes. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the toughness of the cement mantle. Results obtained from experiments show that carbon fiber, with a concentration of 0.12%-0.19% in cement and a length of 700 to 1,400μm, plays an important role in improving cement quality. Addition of carbon fiber can improve the bending strength of set cement by up to 30%. At the same time, the increase in fiber concentration can lower the elastic modulus and increase the Poisson＇s ratio of set cement. Thin-section analysis shows that fiber can effectively prevent the propagation of fractures and enhance the plasticity of the matrix and the ability to prevent fracture.

阴地蕨药材质量标准研究

目的对阴地蕨药材进行生药鉴定研究,以制定其药材的质量标准。方法观察阴地蕨药材的性状和显微鉴别特征;以木犀草素为对照品进行TLC色谱研究;采用紫外分光光度法测定总黄酮,高效液相色谱法测定木犀草素含量;并检查其水分、总灰分、酸不溶性灰分、醇溶性浸出物。结果 TLC采用硅胶G板,以环己烷-乙酸乙酯-甲醇-甲酸(20︰10︰3︰1.5)为展开剂,1%FeCl_3乙醇溶液为显色剂,可见清晰的斑点;紫外分光光度法以芦丁为对照品,以总黄酮含量为指标,对8批药材测定,药材中阴地蕨总黄酮含量不低于12.55 mg·g^(-1);HPLC法以木犀草素为对照品,以甲醇-水(含0.5%冰醋酸)为流动相,检测波长350 nm,对8批药材测定,药材中阴地蕨木犀草素含量不低于13.75μg·g^(-1)。结论阴地蕨药材的显微、TLC鉴别、总黄酮及木犀草素的含量测定方法准确可靠,可有效控制阴地蕨药材的质量。

Whole-Rock Geochemistry and Mineralogy of Triassic Montney Formation, Northeastern British Columbia, Western Canada Sedimentary Basin

Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to analyze chemical elements—major, trace and rare earth elements (REE) concentrations, augmented with quantitative X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and thin-section petrography for mineralogical characterization of the Triassic Montney Formation in northeastern British Columbia, Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB). Results from this study indicate that integration of chemical elements with mineralogy shows affinity to the host lithologies. Evidently, chemical elements are the building blocks for minerals, thus, their significances in the interpretation of geological systems are unambiguous. Herein, major elements concentration such as Al, Fe, K, Mg, Ca, Mn in the samples analyzed from the Montney Formation are interpreted as: 1) indication of dolomitization and diagenesis;2) trace elements—Rb, Th, U, and Cs are related to the organic matter—kerogen in the clay component of the Montney Formation source rock;and 3) transition metals—Sc, V, Co, Cr, Zn show strong affinity with diagenesis in the study interval.

淫羊藿药典品的基原调查及性状显微鉴别研究

淫羊藿为常用补肝益肾中药材，目前仍以野生资源为主。近年来随着用量猛增，其资源在不断减少，市场品种的使用情况也在不断发生变化。该文在已有研究基础上，深入产区调研收集准确基原的植物标本和样品，总结概括了药典品5种基J泉（淫羊覆Epimedium brevivornu、箭叶淫羊藿Esagittatum、柔毛淫羊藿昱pubescens、朝鲜淫羊藿Ekoreanum和巫山淫羊藿E-wushanenze）的产销现状，并对药典中淫羊藿药材基原规定进行了讨论；同时应用实体显微、光学显微及体式荧光显微等技术进行观察和比较，参考叶结构及解剖相关文献，归纳了药典品较为专属且实用的鉴别特征，从而为临床用药、市场监督、日常检验、标准起草等工作提供有益的参考。

降脂通便胶囊质量标准的提高

目的:降脂通便胶囊质量控制方法的提高。方法:采用显微鉴别方法,对制剂中大黄、人参、灵芝、肉桂进行鉴别。采用TLC,对制剂中大黄、人参、肉桂进行定性鉴别并检查大黄的真伪。采用HPLC,对制剂中甘草进行定性鉴别,对制剂中酒大黄中总大黄素和总大黄酚的总量以及结合蒽醌中大黄素和大黄酚的总量进行定量;色谱柱为Welch Materials Eclipse XB-C_(18)(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-甲醇-0.1%磷酸溶液(42∶23∶35),流速1.0 m L·min^(-1),检测波长254 nm,柱温35℃。结果:定性鉴别方法专属性强,效果佳。采用HPLC法进行含量测定,大黄素质量在13.02~130.2 ng范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 7),大黄酚质量在30.29~302.88 ng范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=1.000);测定总大黄素和总大黄酚总量的平均回收率(n=6)为103.4%(RSD=1.3%),测定游离大黄素和游离大黄酚总量的平均回收率(n=6)为101.9%(RSD=1.0%)。10批样品,总大黄素和总大黄酚的总量为3.70~5.55 mg·粒^(-1),结合蒽醌中大黄素和大黄酚的总量为1.55~3.08 mg·粒^(-1)。结论:本方法提高完善了降脂通便胶囊的质量标准,可更有效地控制其质量。

木麻黄药材的鉴别研究

目的制定木麻黄药材的定性鉴别方法。方法采用性状、显微鉴别、理化鉴别及薄层鉴别方法对木麻黄药材进行全面鉴别。结果性状、显微鉴别特征明显、理化鉴别特征明显、薄层色谱斑点清晰,分离效果好。结论本方法简便、准确、实用,可用于木麻黄的定性鉴别。