Women's Liberation during the Initial Stage of P. R. China: A Human Rights Perspective

The liberation of women is the historical process in which women have striven for gender equality, freedom from oppression, confinement and discrimination, and are becoming the masters of the society and their own destinies. According to the diversity in history and the state, the process can be divided into a serial of correlated phases, with each phase focusing on different issues. Sexism order in China had remained stable in the traditional society for centuries through a set of institutions. Women had believed in a sexual order and the rules of propriety, which advocated that men were superior to women. After the People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949, women’s rights in politics, economy, society, and even family were recognized and secured by the Constitution and laws just as men’s during a short period. Women’s liberation in China has made a significant progress.

Women's Rights in the Context of the Three-child Policy:Analyzing from the Constitutional Connotation of“the State Shall Protect the Mother”

Women's rights are essential human rights recognized by the international covenants on human rights and protected in the constitutions and laws of countries.In the context of implementing the three-child policy in China,women are facing pressures from childbearing and bringing up children as well as trying to have a career.It is clearly stipulated in Article 49 of China's Constitution"the mother is protected by the state,"the constitutional principle of equality of men and women shall be incorporated into the interpretation of this article,fully respecting women's subjectivity and equal rights and affirming the social benefits of childbearing and bringing up children.With the introduction of the three-child policy,the protection of women's rights shall focus on their reproductive rights,right to health,right to work and equal rights within the family.The system of women's rights is complex,relates to identity and must be open to the future.The state has the obligation to fully respect,actively promote and promote in a narrow sense the realization of women's rights.To better coordinate the implementation of the three-child policy and the protection of women's rights,we should introduce the concept of social gender equality,improve the system ofp ublic childcare services,home care leave and equal employment,and promote the implementation of relevant laws and policies with special attention being paid to women in rural areas and single mothers.

The Development of Legal Protection of Women's Human Rights in China

The legal confirmation process of women’s human rights has been undergoing great difficulties both in the United Nations and among nations. The Fourth World Conference on Women plays a role in promoting the legal protection of women’s human rights. Currently, the protection of women’s human rights has undoubtedly become the consensus of both international and domestic law. International conventions on human rights have become an important launching area for promoting international law on women’s human rights, owing to its legal binding force and supervising mechanism established under it. Domestic law has also become the first line of defense for protecting women’s human rights. However, it needs to be pointed out that, for international conventions on human rights and domestic legislation, the cognition and acceptance of social gender conception has not only promoted changes on forms, but, more importantly, on revolution at substantial level.

For a Legal Guarantee to Improve People’s Livelihood and Protect Human Rights——Thoughts on policy concerning Social Insurance Law (draft)

The People＇s Republic of China Social Insurance Law （draft） has undergone three readings at the Standing Committee of the National People＇s Congress. The Law, once promulgated, will be of great significance to implementation of the constitutional principle of ＂respecting and protecting human rights.＂ It will help regulate the various social insurance relationships and the rights and obligations of the parties involved.

On the Quadruple Qualities of Marxist Thought on Human Rights

Marxist human rights thought has realized an epochmaking change in human rights thought and has distinguished itself from capitalist human rights thought with its distinctive character.Marxist human rights thought has a humanistic character,starts from human nature and its essence,regards human rights as an important means to realize the all-round development of human beings and the fundamental proof of human liberation.Marxist human rights thought is characterized by being people-centered,and expresses the desire of the masses,with the proletariat as the main body,to realize a better life through the guarantee of human rights.Marxist human rights thought has a practical character,is based on practical materialism,advocates that human rights are derived from the social practice and promotes social practice toward civilization and progress.Marxist human rights thought has the character of rule of law,guides legal governance to the rule of good law,and lays the guarantee fot human rights on the foundation of substantive rule of law.

Thoughts on the Issue of China's Human Rights

Overview of Some Basic Issues of China It is important to note China＇s human rights enlightenment dating back to the 1970s is not the product of external driving forces as some scholars believe.

Overview of the Symposium on Human Rights Cause in China in the New Era

The symposium on the "Progress of Human Rights Development in the New Era in China" was jointly hosted by the China Society for Human Rights Studies and the Publicity Department of the Guangdong Provincial Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and organized by Guangzhou University Institute for Human Rights in Guangzhou on 19 December 2017. Scholars and experts from more than 20 universities and institutes, as well as delegates from over 10 ministries and commissions under the State Council participated in the symposium. The symposium explored four themes: "Human Rights Connotations in Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era", "The Progress of Human Rights Development in China after the 18 th National Congress of the CPC", "The Prospective of Human Rights Development in the New Era in China", as well as "Building a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings and the Progress of the Human Rights Development of the World". This Paper is a record of the important opinions articulated during the Symposium.

Right to Resignation——Thoughts of a lawyer

One day in March 2000, a young man came to the Qiankun Lawyer’s Office, asking for help in a labor dispute. He is Tong Li, 25. He signed a "life-long" labor contract with the Beijing Fenghua Engineering Co. Ltd. in June 1999. On January 5 of the following year, however, he demanded termination of the contract on account that he was far from home and he had to take care of his ailing mother. But he was refused. Later on, the workers’ congress of the company issued the rules on the management of labor contract and its detailed implementation rules.

现代化进程中的中欧人权思想互鉴

中国和欧洲的传统文化中都蕴含着丰富的潜在人权资源。在现代化进程中,中华优秀传统文化“东学西渐”,对欧洲产生了一定的启蒙作用,助力了欧洲人权学说的创立。反过来,欧洲人权学说“西学东渐”,也激发中华优秀传统文化中的人权资源实现自我突破,萌发了中国的人权理念。在《世界人权宣言》的制定过程中,中国代表与欧洲代表相互交流、共同探索,为全球人权共识的达成作出了贡献。改革开放以来,中欧人权交流更为广泛并趋于平衡。中欧在平等和开放的基础上加强人权交流,不仅有助于中欧双方人权视野的拓展和人权共识的达成,也会为全球人权交流树立样板,促进世界人权事业共同和谐发展。

《〈黑格尔法哲学批判〉导言》的批判思想及启示

《〈黑格尔法哲学批判〉导言》见证了马克思哲学立场和革命态度的转变,这种转变蕴含在马克思对德国宗教问题、制度弊病和哲学局限的反思和揭露中。马克思遵循现实性、针对性、重点性和使命性的原则,从宗教批判入手,对德国的制度现实和哲学现状进行了深刻批判,并探索实现人的解放之可能。新时代,防范化解意识形态领域风险,要从马克思的批判思想中汲取与错误社会思潮开展斗争的理论经验和方法启示。要敢于同错误思潮进行“搏斗式批判”,以公开其渗透行径;要及时对错误思潮开展“重点式批判”,以揭露其内容实质和政治企图;要善于采取多样化方式开展系统性批判,以解构错误思潮内核;要围绕事业发展开展使命性批判,筑牢主流意识形态防线,为实现中国式现代化提供坚强思想保障和强大精神动力。

孟德斯鸠犯罪治理思想探析

孟德斯鸠在犯罪与犯罪治理领域提出了独特的见解,他认为判定何种行为是犯罪应当依具体情况加以规定,并强调犯罪治理应当围绕制约权力、保障个人权利不受侵犯的原则展开。同时,他强烈反对过度使用重刑,极力倡导罪刑法定原则。这些观点构成了孟德斯鸠犯罪治理的核心思想,他进一步提出了一套制约治理权力与“刑、民、行”的综合治理体系,在依法治理的同时也认同良好的习俗与风尚在犯罪预防中的积极作用,从而达到有效预防犯罪和显著减少犯罪的双重目标。孟德斯鸠的这些观点不仅对后世产生深远影响,也为当代中国在犯罪治理领域提供了借鉴意义。

习近平文化思想推动人的全面发展的三重向度

马克思主义唯物史观认为,文化的本质和功能是为了实现人的自由全面发展。从人的本质维度、精神富裕维度以及人类共同价值维度分析可见,习近平文化思想正是以求解人的全面发展为线索进行文化思想理论创新。当前在社会主义文化建设中,需要协调多元主体共同发力保障人的文化权益,以筑牢精神家园为价值归旨推动文化发展与人的全面发展互促共进。

习近平加强人权法治保障论述的理论品格与实践要求

习近平加强人权法治保障论述包含法治是人权最有效的保障、宪法在人权保障中具有重要作用、法治建设是人权保障的关键、政法队伍建设是人权法治保障的基础等核心要义,是马克思主义人权与法治关系学说的重要理论突破,具有政治性与法治性有机融合、价值目标与实现路径双向结合、内容丰富与逻辑严谨整体协调的鲜明理论特色。贯彻落实习近平这一重要论述,要进一步重视发挥法治在加强人权保障中的重要作用,加强立法执法司法守法的联动,以开放的视野充分借鉴国际法治经验和现代人权思想,促进我国人权法治保障水平的整体提升。

中国式刑事法治现代化视野下轻罪治理路径研究

在近些年中国的社会转型下,中国的犯罪结构、刑事立法、刑事政策都发生了巨大的变化,轻罪治理问题开始变的日益迫切。中国式刑事法治现代化视野下的轻罪治理强调在习近平法治思想的引领下推动轻罪治理的法治化、协调化和现代化。在立法层面,轻罪治理坚持以人民为中心的根本立场,将“尊重和保障人权”规定在刑法中,并推动犯罪分层模式、刑事一体化机制以及犯罪附随后果的规范化与协调化。在司法层面,轻罪治理首先强调司法理念应以实现公正与效率的兼顾为目标,并努力从以往治罪为目的的司法理念转向治理为目的的司法理念,实现法律效果、政治效果和社会效果的统一,其次司法强调解释方法上通过先形式后实质的解释进路贯彻刑事政策,在维护罪刑法定原则的基础上实现对公民基本权益的最大保障,最后司法上应强调手段的多元化,加强数字司法建设,从而通过效率的提高实现轻罪治理更高水平的数字正义。

训练民众开会:孙中山民权初步思想实践研究(1928—1935年)

孙中山在《建国方略》中提出民权初步思想,主张训练民众开会以培养现代公民,进而实现“纠合群力”“发达民权”。借助学校和民众教育,南京国民政府以普及和演习议事规则为着力点,实践了民权初步思想。在学校,国民党注重传授学生系统的议事规则,训练其专业的议事技能。围绕选举权的行使,以识字为先导,国民党面向失学民众普及议事常识并训练其使用选举权。受观念束缚,受训后的民众议事能力与孙中山的设想仍有较大差距,这表明训练开会既要系统灌输议事规则,更要树立良好的会议氛围,以变迁议事观念,启蒙公民的权利、集体和规则意识。总结民权初步思想的实践教训对于新时代培养合格公民、发展社会主义民主政治具有一定鉴戒意义。

习近平法治思想中权利的内涵及实现

习近平法治思想中权利的内涵是马克思主义权利理论结合我国实际的深化和升华,符合新时代中国特色社会主义发展需求。习近平法治思想中的权利体现“以人民为中心”的根本立场,其内容丰富所涉权利全面,蕴含平等权利理念和发展思维。中国式现代化发展进程中有效践行习近平法治思想中的权利观,需通过立法上确定人民群众所享有的各项权利,司法上严格公正并健全人民群众权利保护、救济渠道,执法上政府应秉持“以人民为中心”的执法理念并牢记为人民服务的宗旨严格执法,法律监督上制定和完善统一且有效的法律监督机制等综合路径,保障人民群众的权利实现。

人民民主权益:前马克思主义时期毛泽东人民民主思想的主题(1906-1920)

毛泽东关于人民民主的理论思考和实践探索,为中国共产党探索、建立和实践全过程人民民主提供了宝贵的思想资源和实践经验。从思想史角度系统考察毛泽东人民民主思想的历史发展、内涵和特点,对于全面推进全过程人民民主的发展和创新具有重要的理论意义和实践价值。其中,从1906年到1920年,毛泽东的思考和探索以人民民主权益为主题,在其人民民主思想发展的总体历史中以“前马克思主义”为时代标识和思想特质。这一时期的思考和探索,初步彰显了毛泽东人民民主思想的鲜明价值底蕴和独特理论品格。

省属国有林场自然资源确权登记技术方法及问题对策

塞罕坝机械林场是河北省省属国有林场,自然资源生态功能突出、环境相对敏感。文章介绍了省属国有林场确权登记任务目的和技术方法,分析了省属国有林场登记单元三种分类的可行性,结合自身特点,创新自增“省级大型国有林场”作为自然资源登记单元类型中国务院确定的重点国有林区的二级类,代码“41”。阐述了处理权属争议的工作方式和利用现代化的技术与手段实现野外作业在高清影像下实时定位方法,以及确权登记的重点问题和对策,可对全省其他林场自然资源确权登记工作提供思路和方法。

中国共产党人民文化权益观的百年演进及其逻辑理路

人民文化权益观是习近平文化思想的重要组成部分,它形成并发展于中国共产党领导人民文化事业建设的百年进程中,是马克思主义文化思想、中华优秀传统文化与中国特色社会主义文化实践相结合的产物,铸就了中国式现代化的精神砥柱。从历史来看,中国共产党人民文化权益观经历了“文化解放”的人民文化权益革命观、“文化新生”的人民文化权益建设观、“文化改革”的人民文化权益改革观和“文化自信”的人民文化权益强国观等四个发展阶段,展现了坚持以人民为中心的价值逻辑,坚持马克思主义文化思想及其中国化理论成果为指导的理论逻辑,坚持人民创造的实践逻辑和坚持文化传承与创新的发展逻辑。