农机合作社绩效评价方法及应用——基于6D-BSC和改进PCA、VIKOR方法

农机合作社作为新型农业经营主体,科学客观评价其发展的绩效水平对农机合作社的健康发展、促进乡村振兴具有重要意义。结合新阶段农机合作社发展现状、特点及评价需求,创建基于六维平衡计分卡(6D-BSC)的绩效评价指标体系设计新方法,并依其设计涵盖经营规模、学习与成长、技术效果、经济效果、绿色发展和受益群体六个方面的评价指标体系;创建基于主成分分析方法(PCA)的指标权重计算方法并依其确定各指标权重值;改进基于模糊多准则(VIKOR)方法的绩效评价准则。三种方法有机结合使评价指标体系建立更加合理,评价结果更加准确。以黑龙江省14个地市(县)的农机合作社为研究对象进行实证研究,评价结果显示,农机合作社总体绩效水平可以划分为六个层次,其中齐齐哈尔市农机合作社总体绩效水平最高处于第一层次,绥化市农机合作社运营效果突出处于第二层次,哈尔滨市、黑河市农机合作社总体绩效水平较高处于第三层次。

Review of All Possible Conversion Equations of Influence Coefficients with Different Formats on Two-Plane Balancing

This article lists all possible conversion equations of influence coefficients(ICs)with different formats when some of these are known to handle two-plane balancing tasks with no or less trial weight runs.There are two approaches for two-plane balancing.One can treat it as a multi-plane balance problem involving a 2×2 matrix of complex ICs where two direct ICs along with two cross-effect ICs are generated so that correction weights at one or two balance planes can be determined.One can also apply a static pare(in-phase)and/or couple pair(180 degrees out-of-phase)weights for balancing.The latter approach has been used quite often in the field,especially on steam turbine and generator rotors.Dependent on vibration mode shapes and combinations as well as balance plane accessibility,sometimes applying static or couple pair weights can be a wise choice;other times weights at one or two end planes are needed.There are totally 4 possible sets of IC data due to weights at plane 1,plane 2,static pair,and couple pair.IC data would typically be obtained by applying trial weights followed by trial weight runs.It is found,however,that all these IC data can be converted easily without trial weight runs once any two of 4 sets are known.The above findings and conversion equations have been obtained analytically and verified by experimental results.Real cases are given to demonstratetheirapplications.

Investigation on the factors influencing the thickness distribution of superplastic-formed components

In the superplastic sheet forming process, the uniformity of the sheet's final thickness distribution is vital for ensuring the good mechanical quality of the formed components. The influences of the component shape and the contact friction on the final thickness distribution were investigated in this work by using finite element method on a series of axisymmetric models. It was concluded that shape optimization and friction elimination are required to get uniform thickness distribution, and eventually to improve the mechanical quality of the formed components. The constitutive equation of the Ti-6A1-4V superplastic material was also determined on the basis of experimental data.

Applicability of an ultra-long-range terrestrial laser scanner to monitor the mass balance of Muz Taw Glacier,Sawir Mountains,China

Glacier mass balance is a key component of glacier monitoring programs. Information on the mass balance of Sawir Mountains is poor due to a dearth of in-situ measurements. This paper introduces the applicability of an ultra-long-range terrestrial laser scanner(TLS) to monitor the mass balance of Muz Taw Glacier, Sawir Mountains, China. The Riegl VZ?-6000 TLS is exceptionally well-suited for measuring snowy and icy terrain. Here, we use TLS to create repeated high spatiotemporal resolution DEMs, focusing on the annual mass balance(June 2, 2015 to July 25, 2016). According to TLS-derived high spatial resolution point clouds, the front variation(glacier retreat) of Muz Taw Glacier was 9.3 m. The mean geodetic elevation change was 4.55 m at the ablation area. By comparing with glaciological measurements, the glaciological elevation change of individual stakes and the TLS-derived geodetic elevation change of corresponding points matched closely, and the calculated balance was-3.864±0.378 m w.e.. This data indicates that TLS provides accurate results and is therefore suitable to monitor mass balance evolution of Muz Taw Glacier.

Fully Decoupled Branch Energy Balancing Control Method for Modular Multilevel Matrix Converter Based on Sequence Circulating Components

The modular multilevel matrix converter(M3C)is a potential frequency converter for low-frequency AC transmission.However,capacitor voltage control of high-voltage and largecapacity M3C is more difficult,especially for voltage balancing between branches.To solve this problem,this paper defines sequence circulating components and theoretically analyzes the influence mechanism of different sequence circulating components on branch capacitor voltage.A fully decoupled branch energy balancing control method based on four groups of sequence circulating components is proposed.This method can control capacitor voltages of nine branches in horizontal,vertical and diagonal directions.Considering influences of both circulating current and voltage,a cross decoupled control is designed to improve control precision.Simulation results are taken from a low-frequency transmission system based on PSCAD/EMTDC,and effectiveness and precision of the proposed branch energy balancing control method are verified in the case of nonuniform parameters and an unbalanced power system.

Analysis on Nutritious Balance in Recipes Based on Diversity Indices and Cluster Analysis of Food Ingredients

This thesis research on nutritious balance of specific examples in Chinese recipes applying diversity indices and cluster analysis. Initially, based on data of the nutritional ingredients of food, such as proteins, fat and vitamins, we categorize 1200 kinds of specific food using cluster analysis;then, according to a recipe given by a local restaurant, we calculate and compare the diversity indices based on the components of 25 single dishes in the recipe and analyze the nutritious balance of each dish.

Unexpected metastasis of intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct without an invasive component to the brain and lungs:A case report

BACKGROUND Despite an expanding number of studies on intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct(IPNB),distant metastasis remains unexplained especially in cases of carcinoma in situ.In the present study,we report a rare and interesting case of IPNB without invasive components that later metastasized to lungs and brain.CASE SUMMARY A 69-year-old male was referred to our hospital due to suspected cholangiocarcinoma.Laboratory tests on admission reported a mild elevation of alkaline phosphatase,γ-glutamyl transpeptidase,and total bilirubin in serum.Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography revealed a filling defect in the common bile duct(CBD)extending to the left hepatic duct.Peroral cholangioscopy delineated a tumor in the CBD that had a papillary pattern.Multidetector computed tomography and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography detected partial blockage ot interlude in the CBD leading to cholestasis without evidence of metastasis.Therefore,a diagnosis of IPNB cT1N0M0 was established.Left hepatectomy with bile duct reconstruction was performed.Pathological examination confirmed an intraepithelial neoplasia pattern without an invasive component and an R0 resection achievement.The patient was monitored carefully by regular examinations.However,at 32 mo after the operation,a 26 mm tumor in the lungs and a 12 mm lesion in the brain were detected following a suspicious elevated CA 19-9 level.Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery of left upper lobectomy and stereotactic radiotherapy are indicated.In addition to histopathological results,a genomic profiling analysis using whole exome sequencing subsequently confirmed lung metastasis originating from bile duct cancer.CONCLUSION This case highlights the important role of genomic profiling analysis using whole exome sequencing in identifying the origin of metastasis in patients with IPNB.

An Integrated Hydrological Model for Water Balance Estimation in the Chirchik River Basin, Northern Uzbekistan

Accurate and detailed information of hydrological balance, and its dynamic nature is needed to develop strategies for sustainable use and management of water resources. In this concern, a fully integrated MIKE SHE model was developed to study the hydrological balance of the Chirchik River Basin, Uzbekistan. Parameters in the model were calibrated and simulated results were validated for the periods 2009-2011 and 2012-2013 in term of two observed hydrological parameters: streamflow rate and groundwater table. After the successful calibration of the parameters, the model produced quantitative results of the water cycle and provided better understanding of the surface and groundwater interactions. The results show that the hydrological balance is strongly dependent on the intensity of agricultural activity within the basin. An actual evapotranspiration was found as a main water loss element among the water transport components due to large-scale agricultural irrigation activities. This corresponds to 77% of the total water budget as an average. A satisfactory water balance simulation error was obtained after adjusting model parameters to basin environment.

Optimization of Culture Components for Laccase Activity from Pleurotus Ostreatus P40 Using Response Surface Methodology

High enzymatic activity is required for laccase applications.Central composite design （CCD）-based response surface methodology （RSM） can effectively increase the enzymatic activity of Pleurotus ostreatus P40 in liquid substrate fermentation.Initial screening of the nutritional components was performed using a Plackett-Burman design.The variables,namely,bran,bagasse,Tween 80,and yeast extract,were found to have statistically significant effects on laccase activity.These variables were further optimized using CCD-based RSM.Optimal concentrations for the maximum laccase activity were 8.144 2 g/L bran,50 g/L bagasse,0.424 1 mL/L Tween 80,and 2.832 5 g/L yeast extract.Under optimized conditions,the maximum measured laccase activity reached 96 480 U/L,which was close to the predicted value （104 830 U/L） by RSM.Therefore,RSM can be used to optimize culture components for laccase activity from Pieurotus ostreatus P40.

Feature Extraction of Fabric Defects Based on Complex Contourlet Transform and Principal Component Analysis

To extract features of fabric defects effectively and reduce dimension of feature space,a feature extraction method of fabric defects based on complex contourlet transform （CCT） and principal component analysis （PCA） is proposed.Firstly,training samples of fabric defect images are decomposed by CCT.Secondly,PCA is applied in the obtained low-frequency component and part of highfrequency components to get a lower dimensional feature space.Finally,components of testing samples obtained by CCT are projected onto the feature space where different types of fabric defects are distinguished by the minimum Euclidean distance method.A large number of experimental results show that,compared with PCA,the method combining wavdet low-frequency component with PCA （WLPCA）,the method combining contourlet transform with PCA （CPCA）,and the method combining wavelet low-frequency and highfrequency components with PCA （WPCA）,the proposed method can extract features of common fabric defect types effectively.The recognition rate is greatly improved while the dimension is reduced.

Use of Conversion Equations of Influence Coefficients on Two-Plane Balancing

Typical rotors such as those on steam turbine or generator are often supported by two bearings with two balance planes at both ends.Vibrations are monitored by a pair of proximity probes at each bearing.There are two approaches to reduce 1X vibration due to unbalance at both ends via balancing with influence coefficient method.The first approach is to treat it as a multiple-plane balancing problem involving 2x2 matrix of complex influence coefficients.The second approach is to treat it as two single-plane balance problems using static(in-phase)and couple(180 degree out-of-phase)components,respectively.Conversion equations of influence coefficients between these two approaches have been found previously by the author.The corresponding spreadsheets that convert influence coefficients between these two formats are presented in the current paper.The paper shows effectiveness of these conversion equations in dealing with real balancing problems in the field.A detailed balance case is presented to demonstrate how the conversion equations are used to reduce vibration effectively.

向下短波辐射差异对草甸化草原地表辐射平衡的影响

基于向下短波辐射分位数,对中国气象局海北牧业试验站2014年9月至2020年12月四分量辐射观测数据按月进行分组。分析了向下短波辐射差异对草甸化草原辐射平衡的影响,为明晰不同光照条件下辐射平衡变化和成因提供了依据。结果表明:在相同月份中,不同光照条件下地表接收的向下短波辐射呈现出极显著的对数变化趋势,组间差异超过了季节之间的差异。不同光照条件下向上短波辐射和大气长波辐射也表现出较大差异,其中大气长波辐射差异主要与空气湿度以及云量差异有关。随光照条件的增加,地表接收的净短波辐射增多,支出净长波辐射也增多。所以不同光照条件下净全辐射与向下短波辐射的比例相差不大。不过,光照条件差异会对向下短波辐射与净全辐射的关系模型产生影响。

钾镁平衡施肥对烤烟生长与产质量的影响

【目的】探明钾、镁养分平衡供给对烤烟光合特性与产质量的影响,为烤烟生产中钾镁肥科学施用提供依据。【方法】以云烟87为材料,在贺州烟区柳家镇(L)和朝东镇(C)2个试验点开展钾镁肥配比施用试验,设置CK:叶面喷施清水;T1:有机酸钾镁Ⅰ溶液(K2O 9%,MgO 7.5%);T2:有机酸钾镁Ⅱ溶液(K_(2)O 9%,MgO 3.75%)共3个处理,比较不同配比钾镁营养对烤烟生长、叶片质体色素及光合性能、烤后烟叶化学成分与经济性状的影响。【结果】钾镁配合施肥显著促进烤烟的生长,柳家镇和朝东镇试验点中,株高和叶片数均以有机酸钾镁Ⅰ溶液处理提高效果最显著,其中,株高分别较CK提高16.05%和12.16%,叶片数分别提高9.29%和8.97%。柳家镇试验点有机酸钾镁Ⅱ溶液处理烟株的最大叶面积显著大于有机酸钾镁Ⅰ溶液,增幅达5.73%。钾镁配合施肥处理显著提高烟叶质体色素含量与净光合速率,钾镁平衡施肥处理显著提高烟叶产量,其中,上等烟比例和产值以朝东镇试验点效果较好,2个试验点产量与产值均以有机酸钾镁Ⅱ溶液处理较佳。在烤烟化学成分方面,钾镁配合施肥处理显著提高烟叶总钾、总镁含量,降低钾镁比;提高下部叶总糖和还原糖含量,改善烟叶化学成分的协调性。【结论】施用钾镁平衡肥能不同程度促进烟株生长与产量提高,利于烟叶质体色素积累和光合性能提高,协调烟叶化学成分,改善烟叶品质;增产与增值效果以喷施相同钾肥的基础上配施低镁处理较佳。

公丁香挥发油化学成分的GC-MS分析

公丁香为桃金娘科植物丁香Eugenia caryophyllata的干燥花蕾.原植物系常绿乔木,主产于桑给巴尔、马达加斯加、斯里兰卡、印度尼西亚等地,我国南方已大量引种.作为中药,公丁香具有温中降逆和补肾助阳的功效,可用于治疗脾胃虚寒、呃逆呕吐、食少吐泻、心腹冷痛和肾虚阳痿[1,2].……

基于序分量法的D-STATCOM直接功率控制策略研究

将基于序分量法的P-DPC引入到配电网静止同步补偿器(D-STATCOM)的控制研究中,来解决传统预测直接功率控制策略只可控制补偿负荷无功功率的问题。将电网电压不对称因素考虑在内,利用瞬时对称分量法对各个采集电气量进行序分解,构建正、负序等效电路。无功和三相不平衡负荷补偿时,根据序网络等效电路分别推得正、负序功率预测模型。基于正序功率预测模型的P-DPC算法控制D-STATCOM补偿负荷无功,而基于负序功率预测模型的D-DPC算法控制补偿负荷所需负序电流。两种算法相互牵制,严格控制了D-STATCOM的输出电流,消除了装置在电网电压不对称时可能产生的过流威胁,实现了负荷无功和平衡化补偿。仿真结果表明,不论电网电压对称与否,该控制策略都能良好地补偿负荷的无功和负序电流,确保电源侧三相电流平衡且单位功率因数运行。

采用GC-MS技术分析合成己烯-1中间产品组成

己烯-1是重要的化工原料,应用范围非常广,利用乙烯作为原料合成己烯-1是一种在国内同行业中处于领先地位的新技术.为了全面了解合成中各个环节的情况,需要对各部分的中间产品的组成进行分析,以便确定最佳的工艺参数.……

绕月SAR天线热控设计

合成孔径雷达(SAR)天线是遥感卫星的重要载荷之一,面对月球轨道舱外天线复杂的外热流环境,结合轨道特点,对天线开展了详细的外热流分析,解析了月球环境的热设计难点,进行了针对性的热控设计,解决了极地轨道下天线在一个很大的外热流和极小的外热流间不断循环的问题。采用TMG软件对天线进行了热仿真分析,并利用热模拟件进行了热平衡试验。分析和试验结果表明,天线各单机温度满足指标要求。本文适用于平板SAR天线,对有源SAR天线的热控设计具有一定的借鉴意义。

透析-高效液相色谱法筛选黄连药效物质的研究

目的采用透析-高效液相色谱法筛选黄连潜在的药效物质。方法将脂质体作为模拟生物膜,采用平衡透析与高效液相色谱联用技术筛选黄连中与脂质体有相互作用的成分,并考察脂质体浓度、缓冲液pH值对黄连与脂质体相互作用的影响。结果黄连中共有6个成分与脂质体相互作用较明显,通过与对照品对照,6个成分分别为非洲防己碱、药根碱、表小檗碱、黄连碱、巴马亭及盐酸小檗碱。结论脂质体平衡透析与高效液相色谱法联用,可有效、快速地预测黄连中多个成分在体内的吸收情况,筛选其潜在活性成分,为其药效物质基础的进一步研究提供依据。

稳定期COPD合并肌少症患者多模式运动方案的构建及应用

目的构建稳定期COPD合并肌少症患者多模式运动方案并评价其应用效果。方法将76例稳定期COPD患者按照病区分为对照组与干预组各38例。对照组采用COPD常规护理干预;干预组基于证据总结和专家函询构建稳定期COPD合并肌少症患者多模式运动方案,并进行实施。在干预前、干预8周、干预12周比较两组患者肌少症相关指标、呼吸症状、运动耐力、平衡能力及运动依从性。结果干预组35例、对照组33例完成研究。干预12周,干预组小腿围、6 m步速、5次起坐试验显著优于对照组(均P<0.05);干预8周、12周后干预组起立-行走计时测试、改良版英国医学研究委员会呼吸困难评分、握力、6分钟步行试验距离及运动依从性显著优于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论稳定期COPD合并肌少症患者多模式运动方案,可以有效改善肌少症状态和呼吸症状,提高患者运动功能和生活质量。

200MW汽轮机转子快速动平衡——谐分量-影响系数法的应用

为了提高在施工现场平衡汽轮机转子的效率,减少平衡次数,通过实例介绍了一种快速动平衡方法即谐分量-影响系数平衡法。实践证明,该方法解决了平衡此类转子配重质量过大,平衡周期长的问题,提高了转子平衡效率。