针对二维介质目标的电磁成像问题,将正余弦算法(Sine Cosine Algorithm,SCA)与有限元方法(Finite Element Method,FEM)和不变性测试方程(Measured Equation of Invariance,MEI)进行结合提出一种新的成像方法。将FEM与MEI进行结合求解二...针对二维介质目标的电磁成像问题,将正余弦算法(Sine Cosine Algorithm,SCA)与有限元方法(Finite Element Method,FEM)和不变性测试方程(Measured Equation of Invariance,MEI)进行结合提出一种新的成像方法。将FEM与MEI进行结合求解二维介质目标的电磁散射正问题,即求解Helmholtz方程。其中,MEI保证边界截断的精度,FEM适用于复杂介质目标的准确模拟。对于电磁散射逆问题,引入SCA并加以改进提出一种新的重构方法。该方法采用等效原理与格林函数的渐近式求得远区散射场,以测量的散射场和计算的散射场最大偏差为目标函数,采用改进的SCA优化介质参数,使目标函数达到最小值,以此重构散射体。为提高计算效率,采用MPI算法进行并行计算。文中采用基准函数展示了改进的SCA算法的快速收敛性,并采用非规则的均匀介质柱目标验证了成像方法的正确性。展开更多
This paper presents a strategy for computation of super-convergent solutions of multi-dimensional problems in the finite element method (FEM) by recursive application of the one-dimensional (1D) element energy pro...This paper presents a strategy for computation of super-convergent solutions of multi-dimensional problems in the finite element method (FEM) by recursive application of the one-dimensional (1D) element energy projection (EEP) technique. The main idea is to conceptually treat multi-dimensional problems as generalized 1D problems, based on which the concepts of generalized 1D FEM and its consequent EEP formulae have been developed in a unified manner. Equipped with these concepts, multi-dimensional problems can be recursively discretized in one dimension at each step, until a fully discretized standard finite element (FE) model is reached. This conceptual dimension-by- dimension (D-by-D) discretization procedure is entirely equivalent to a full FE discretization. As a reverse D-by-D recovery procedure, by using the unified EEP formulae together with proper extraction of the generalized nodal solutions, super-convergent displacements and first derivatives for two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) problems can be obtained over the domain. Numerical examples of 3D Poisson's equation and elasticity problem are given to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed strategy.展开更多
Based on the theory of continuum mechanics of multi-pbase media, a mathematical model and non-linear FEM equation of the coupling instability problem of solid-fluid biphase media for coal-methane outburst under finite...Based on the theory of continuum mechanics of multi-pbase media, a mathematical model and non-linear FEM equation of the coupling instability problem of solid-fluid biphase media for coal-methane outburst under finite deformation are established. The critical conditions of the surface instability are presented as the singularity of the total stiffness matrices of the coal body for coal-methaue outburst. That means the deformtion or the coal body emerges bifurcatiou phenomena. The numerical simulation of a typical outburst is made.展开更多
<strong>Purpose:</strong><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> This study sought to review the characteristics, strengths, weak...<strong>Purpose:</strong><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> This study sought to review the characteristics, strengths, weaknesses variants, applications areas and data types applied on the various </span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Dimension Reduction techniques. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methodology: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The most commonly used databases employed to search for the papers were ScienceDirect, Scopus, Google Scholar, IEEE Xplore and Mendeley. An integrative review was used for the study where </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">341</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> papers were reviewed. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The linear techniques considered were Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA), Locality Preserving Projections (LPP), Independent Component Analysis (ICA) and Project Pursuit (PP). The non-linear techniques which were developed to work with applications that ha</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ve</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> complex non-linear structures considered were Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPC</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A), Multi</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">dimensional Scaling (MDS), Isomap, Locally Linear Embedding (LLE), Self-Organizing Map (SOM), Latent Vector Quantization (LVQ), t-Stochastic </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">neighbor embedding (t-SNE) and Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP). DR techniques can further be categorized into supervised, unsupervised and more recently semi-supervised learning methods. The supervised versions are the LDA and LVQ. All the other techniques are unsupervised. Supervised variants of PCA, LPP, KPCA and MDS have </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">been developed. Supervised and semi-supervised variants of PP and t-SNE have also been developed and a semi supervised version of the LDA has been developed. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The various application areas, strengths, weaknesses and variants of the DR techniques were explored. The different data types that have been applied on the various DR techniques were also explored.</span></span>展开更多
Recently, many optimal designs for axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) motors were performed based on finite- element (FE) analysis. Most of the models are based on reduction of 3D problem to 2D problem which is not ac...Recently, many optimal designs for axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) motors were performed based on finite- element (FE) analysis. Most of the models are based on reduction of 3D problem to 2D problem which is not accurate for design aspects. This paper describes an accurate electromagnetic analysis of a surface mounted, 28 pole AFPM with concentrated stator winding. The AFPM is modeled with three-dimensional finite-element method. This model in-cludes all geometrical and physical characteristics of the machine components. Using this accurate modeling makes it possible to obtain demanded signals for a very high precision analysis. Magnetic flux density, back-EMF, magnetic axial force and cogging torque of the motor are simulated using FLUX-3D V10.3.2. Meanwhile, the model is paramet-ric and can be used for design process and sensitivity analysis.展开更多
In this article,we present two new novel finite difference approximations of order two and four,respectively,for the three dimensional non-linear triharmonic partial differential equations on a compact stencil where t...In this article,we present two new novel finite difference approximations of order two and four,respectively,for the three dimensional non-linear triharmonic partial differential equations on a compact stencil where the values of u,δ^(2)u/δn^(2)andδ^(4)u/δn^(4)are prescribed on the boundary.We introduce new ideas to handle the boundary conditions and there is no need to discretize the derivative boundary conditions.We require only 7-and 19-grid points on the compact cell for the second and fourth order approximation,respectively.The Laplacian and the biharmonic of the solution are obtained as by-product of the methods.We require only system of three equations to obtain the solution.Numerical results are provided to illustrate the usefulness of the proposed methods.展开更多
文摘针对二维介质目标的电磁成像问题,将正余弦算法(Sine Cosine Algorithm,SCA)与有限元方法(Finite Element Method,FEM)和不变性测试方程(Measured Equation of Invariance,MEI)进行结合提出一种新的成像方法。将FEM与MEI进行结合求解二维介质目标的电磁散射正问题,即求解Helmholtz方程。其中,MEI保证边界截断的精度,FEM适用于复杂介质目标的准确模拟。对于电磁散射逆问题,引入SCA并加以改进提出一种新的重构方法。该方法采用等效原理与格林函数的渐近式求得远区散射场,以测量的散射场和计算的散射场最大偏差为目标函数,采用改进的SCA优化介质参数,使目标函数达到最小值,以此重构散射体。为提高计算效率,采用MPI算法进行并行计算。文中采用基准函数展示了改进的SCA算法的快速收敛性,并采用非规则的均匀介质柱目标验证了成像方法的正确性。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51378293 and 51078199)
文摘This paper presents a strategy for computation of super-convergent solutions of multi-dimensional problems in the finite element method (FEM) by recursive application of the one-dimensional (1D) element energy projection (EEP) technique. The main idea is to conceptually treat multi-dimensional problems as generalized 1D problems, based on which the concepts of generalized 1D FEM and its consequent EEP formulae have been developed in a unified manner. Equipped with these concepts, multi-dimensional problems can be recursively discretized in one dimension at each step, until a fully discretized standard finite element (FE) model is reached. This conceptual dimension-by- dimension (D-by-D) discretization procedure is entirely equivalent to a full FE discretization. As a reverse D-by-D recovery procedure, by using the unified EEP formulae together with proper extraction of the generalized nodal solutions, super-convergent displacements and first derivatives for two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) problems can be obtained over the domain. Numerical examples of 3D Poisson's equation and elasticity problem are given to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed strategy.
文摘Based on the theory of continuum mechanics of multi-pbase media, a mathematical model and non-linear FEM equation of the coupling instability problem of solid-fluid biphase media for coal-methane outburst under finite deformation are established. The critical conditions of the surface instability are presented as the singularity of the total stiffness matrices of the coal body for coal-methaue outburst. That means the deformtion or the coal body emerges bifurcatiou phenomena. The numerical simulation of a typical outburst is made.
文摘<strong>Purpose:</strong><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> This study sought to review the characteristics, strengths, weaknesses variants, applications areas and data types applied on the various </span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Dimension Reduction techniques. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methodology: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The most commonly used databases employed to search for the papers were ScienceDirect, Scopus, Google Scholar, IEEE Xplore and Mendeley. An integrative review was used for the study where </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">341</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> papers were reviewed. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The linear techniques considered were Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA), Locality Preserving Projections (LPP), Independent Component Analysis (ICA) and Project Pursuit (PP). The non-linear techniques which were developed to work with applications that ha</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ve</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> complex non-linear structures considered were Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPC</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A), Multi</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">dimensional Scaling (MDS), Isomap, Locally Linear Embedding (LLE), Self-Organizing Map (SOM), Latent Vector Quantization (LVQ), t-Stochastic </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">neighbor embedding (t-SNE) and Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP). DR techniques can further be categorized into supervised, unsupervised and more recently semi-supervised learning methods. The supervised versions are the LDA and LVQ. All the other techniques are unsupervised. Supervised variants of PCA, LPP, KPCA and MDS have </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">been developed. Supervised and semi-supervised variants of PP and t-SNE have also been developed and a semi supervised version of the LDA has been developed. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The various application areas, strengths, weaknesses and variants of the DR techniques were explored. The different data types that have been applied on the various DR techniques were also explored.</span></span>
文摘Recently, many optimal designs for axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) motors were performed based on finite- element (FE) analysis. Most of the models are based on reduction of 3D problem to 2D problem which is not accurate for design aspects. This paper describes an accurate electromagnetic analysis of a surface mounted, 28 pole AFPM with concentrated stator winding. The AFPM is modeled with three-dimensional finite-element method. This model in-cludes all geometrical and physical characteristics of the machine components. Using this accurate modeling makes it possible to obtain demanded signals for a very high precision analysis. Magnetic flux density, back-EMF, magnetic axial force and cogging torque of the motor are simulated using FLUX-3D V10.3.2. Meanwhile, the model is paramet-ric and can be used for design process and sensitivity analysis.
基金This research was supported by’The University of Delhi’under research grant No.Dean(R)/R&D/2010/1311.
文摘In this article,we present two new novel finite difference approximations of order two and four,respectively,for the three dimensional non-linear triharmonic partial differential equations on a compact stencil where the values of u,δ^(2)u/δn^(2)andδ^(4)u/δn^(4)are prescribed on the boundary.We introduce new ideas to handle the boundary conditions and there is no need to discretize the derivative boundary conditions.We require only 7-and 19-grid points on the compact cell for the second and fourth order approximation,respectively.The Laplacian and the biharmonic of the solution are obtained as by-product of the methods.We require only system of three equations to obtain the solution.Numerical results are provided to illustrate the usefulness of the proposed methods.