A Multi-pipe Path Planning by Modified Ant Colony Optimization

Path planning in 3D geometry space is used to find an optimal path in the restricted environment,according to a certain evaluation criteria.To solve the problem of long searching time and slow solving speed in 3D path planning,a modified ant colony optimization is proposed in this paper.Firstly,the grid method for environment modeling is adopted.Heuristic information is connected with the planning space.A semi-iterative global pheromone update mechanism is proposed.Secondly,the optimal ants mutate the paths to improve the diversity of the algorithm after a defined iterative number.Thirdly,co-evolutionary algorithm is used.Finally,the simulation result shows the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in solving the problem of 3D pipe path planning.

Research on a bifurcation location algorithm of a drainage tube based on 3D medical images

Based on patient computerized tomography data,we segmented a region containing an intracranial hematoma using the threshold method and reconstructed the 3D hematoma model.To improve the efficiency and accuracy of identifying puncture points,a point-cloud search arithmetic method for modified adaptive weighted particle swarm optimization is proposed and used for optimal external axis extraction.According to the characteristics of the multitube drainage tube and the clinical needs of puncture for intracranial hematoma removal,the proposed algorithm can provide an optimal route for a drainage tube for the hematoma,the precise position of the puncture point,and preoperative planning information,which have considerable instructional significance for clinicians.

Mission-oriented cooperative 3D path planning for modular solar-powered aircraft with energy optimization

Modular Solar-Powered Aircraft(M-SPA)is a kind of High-Altitude Long-Endurance(HALE)aircraft which exploits the mission advantage of swarm UAV and the HALE advantage of large aspect-ratio SPA.M-SPA’s separated mode and combined mode give it the potential to maximize the mission efficiency with limited solar energy.In this paper,firstly,oriented by the mission of maximizing the cruise area,the overall design of the M-SPA is modeled,including the energy model,the aerodynamic model and the flight environment settings.Secondly,by analyzing the energy consumption of the flight modes,we design a multi-phase flight mission strategy.Then,a 24-hour three-dimensional(3D)flight profile of the M-SPA is optimized,including the sub-SPA cooperative path planning in the separation mode.Finally,inspired by the Traveling Salesman Problem(TSP),an improved Ant Colony Algorithm(ACA)is exploited to find the optimal path for each sub-SPA,which is further developed into a dynamic separation and combination scheme for the M-SPA.The simulation results show that the mission performance of the M-SPA outperforms that of the conventional SPA,and explicitly,the mission coverage of the M-SPA is slightly less than a linear increase under comparable simulation conditions.

基于MBD飞机装配自动制孔路径规划研究

飞机装配自动制孔技术的应用,基本改善了制孔工艺任务繁重、零件制孔量大等问题。而在整体制孔效率方面,自动制孔设备需要一种高效的制孔路径规划方法。基于此背景,通过研究三维空间路径规划算法以及自动制孔技术,根据面向MBD三维信息模型制孔路径规划要求,将改进后的蚁群算法应用于飞机的三维空间自动制孔路径规划中,进行实验分析,实验结果表明:改进后的遗传算法在路径的最优解以及规划时间上都要优于计算机上用的枚举法。该算法的应用充分改善了制孔方式的无目的性、生成路径质量不高等不足之处,从而获得一条整体优化的路径,整体缩短飞机装配周期、提高制孔质量以及降低制造成本,推动和加速我国军民机的研制工作。

基于TLD模型的UAV三维实时平滑航迹规划

针对无人机三维实时航迹规划问题,提出了一种基于三层决策模型的平滑航迹规划方法,以提高其规划效率和可操作性。首先根据无人机三维飞行的特点,并结合自身性能、威胁和障碍以及地形等约束,设计三层决策目标函数和决策变量;其次为了避免不必要的迂回和路径,提高航迹的平滑性,提出了元胞化地图的变长探测方法和启发式优化策略;最后,利用所提出的认知行为优化算法对这一问题进行求解,以提高规划路径的搜索效率。不同场景地形的仿真及与现有经典方法的比较结果表明:该方法能有效实时规避威胁和地形障碍,且具有较高的可执行性,能够快速生成安全、平滑的飞行路径。

UAV feasible path planning based on disturbed fluid and trajectory propagation

In this paper, a novel algorithm based on disturbed fluid and trajectory propagation is developed to solve the three-dimensional(3-D) path planning problem of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) in static environment.Firstly, inspired by the phenomenon of streamlines avoiding obstacles, the algorithm based on disturbed fluid is developed and broadened.The effect of obstacles on original fluid field is quantified by the perturbation matrix, where the tangential matrix is first introduced.By modifying the original flow field, the modified one is then obtained, where the streamlines can be regarded as planned paths.And the path proves to avoid all obstacles smoothly and swiftly, follow the shape of obstacles effectively and reach the destination eventually.Then, by considering the kinematics and dynamics equations of UAV, the method called trajectory propagation is adopted to judge the feasibility of the path.If the planned path is unfeasible, repulsive and tangential parameters in the perturbation matrix will be adjusted adaptively based on the resolved state variables of UAV.In most cases, a flyable path can be obtained eventually.Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of this method.

Wind resistance aerial path planning for efficient reconstruction of offshore ship

When the unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)is applied to three-dimensional(3D)reconstruction of the offshore ship,it faces two problems:the battery capacity limitation of the UAV and the disturbance of the wind in the environment.Wind disturbance is generally not considered in the path planning process of the existing UAV 3D reconstruction path planning research.Therefore,the planned path is only suitable for no-wind or light-wind scenarios.For the 3D reconstruction of ship targets,we propose a UAV path planning method that can satisfy both reconstruction efficiency and wind disturbance resistance requirements.Firstly,the concept of model surface complexity is proposed to generate a more efficient candidate view set.Secondly,the Min–Max strategy and a new viewpoint construction method are used to generate the initial path.Thirdly,combined with the wind field model,a method for generating a stable path against wind disturbance based on the idea of interval optimization is proposed.Experimental results demonstrate that our method can adaptively determine the number of sample points and viewpoints according to ship’s geometric characteristics and further reduce the number of viewpoints without significantly affecting the reconstruction quality;the path planned by our method is also stable against wind disturbance.

六自由度机械手三维运动仿真研究

以六自由度机械手三维运动仿真为背景,介绍了利用OpenGL实现机械手运动仿真的有效方法,重点分析了机械手运动学模型的构建以及运动轨迹规划的实现。对于一般的机械手运动仿真系统,该实例具有一般普遍性。

校园楼宇火灾疏散路径分析和应用

为服务于校园防灾减灾应急管理,以人群密集的校园教学楼的火灾突发事件为例,分析并确定火灾发生时对逃生疏散路径模型产生影响的各项影响因子,从楼宇本身的自然、物理属性出发,结合疏散人员(学生)特征,对楼宇的疏散空间和疏散路径进行模型化,构建面向校园人员特征的楼宇内部三维逃生路径优选动态模型,规划设计疏散撤离位置与逃生疏散路径。开发可兼顾平时演练和实战指挥的应急响应三维动态仿真虚拟系统并展开示范性仿真模拟应用,从而能为事件预演、紧急救援、处理和决策提供一个科学、简便、形象的可视化分析手段、急响应预演教育、试验验证和决策辅助支持。

多分支三维水平井轨迹设计

针对分支井的三维轨迹特性,采用空间解析几何的方法建立了三维空间斜平面内水平井轨迹设计计算模型,根据推导出的轨迹设计模型编制了轨迹设计软件,该软件可以计算出轨迹设计的分段数据。经过测试,该轨迹设计软件计算出了预期的数据,这些结果为可视化三维轨迹设计提供了数据支持。同时该研究成果也可广泛应用于分支井、定向井、水平井、以及大位移井的设计计算。

基于改进神经网络的多AUV全覆盖路径规划

针对三维环境下的多自主水下机器人(AutonomousUnderwaterVehicle,AUV)全覆盖路径规划问题,提出一种基于改进神经网络—Glasius生物启发神经网络(GlasiusBio-inspiredNeural Network,GBNN)的全覆盖路径规划算法。对AUV的水下工作环境构建离散的三维栅格地图;根据栅格地图,建立相对应的三维GBNN模型;根据GBNN活性值的动态变化,AUV规划各自的搜索路径,对水下任务区域进行全覆盖搜索。仿真结果表示,多AUV可以协同完成覆盖搜索任务,能够自动避开各类静态和动态的障碍物,自动逃离路径的死锁区。

远程自治水下机器人三维实时避障方法研究

海洋环境通常是不确定、非结构化和未知的 ,而远程AUV(LAUV)的避障声纳对环境感知有一定的局限 ,因此很难建立起精确、完整和统一的三维环境模型 .LAUV实时避障是一个实时性很强的动态过程 ,它不但与环境有关 ,而且还与LAUV的运动学约束、动力学特性和操纵性有关 .

改进粒子群三维空间路径规划研究

将改进粒子群优化算法应用于三维空间路径规划。首先给出三维空间建模方法,其次通过在迭代过程中对算法惯性系数w分段设置和对粒子位置进行随机扰动的方式来改进粒子群优化算法,然后对路径陷入障碍物的处理方式进行改进,最后给出了基于改进粒子群优化算法的三维空间路径规划的算法流程。仿真结果表明:改进方式能有效提高粒子群优化算法应用于三维空间路径规划的计算效率和可靠性,合理设置路径节点能有效节约计算资源。

基于改进粒子群优化算法的三维空间路径规划

将改进粒子群优化算法应用于三维空间路径规划。首先给出三维空间建模方法,其次通过在迭代过程中对算法惯性系数w分段设置和对粒子位置进行随机扰动的方式,来改进粒子群优化算法,然后给出了基于改进粒子群优化算法的三维空间路径规划的算法流程。仿真结果表明,改进方式能有效提高粒子群优化算法应用于三维空间路径规划的计算效率和可靠性。

基于改进蚁群算法的多批次协同三维航迹规划

针对基本蚁群算法容易陷入局部寻优、收敛速度慢的缺陷以及解决多批次协同航迹规划问题的需要,提出了基于改进蚁群算法的多批次三维航迹规划算法。该算法采用基于加权排序的信息素更新规则,扩大各优劣蚂蚁的差异,提高了算法收敛速度,并采用了一种信息素挥发系数的随机自适应调节方法,在确保收敛速度的同时使算法具有全局寻优,解决了基本蚁群算法容易过早陷入局部最优缺点;在此基础上,引入蚂蚁子群间多约束条件下的协同进化策略,解决了多批次协同三维航迹规划。仿真结果表明:改进的蚁群算法在运算效率和收敛性上明显优于基本蚁群算法,多批次协同航迹规划能有效提高无人机的作战效能。

基于电路地图的移动机器人三维路径规划方法

通过建立多网笼三维立体电路地图的方式,将复杂的三维空间路径规划问题转化成为相对简单的电路求解问题,用不同的电阻阻值表征三维空间中障碍物、威胁源、气流或水流等对水下机器人或飞行机器人的不同运动影响程度,形成一种能够真实反映物理空间中实际情况的环境建模方式,使得路径规划的结果具有综合决策的效果.经仿真结果证明该方法节省系统计算时间,是一高效易行的路径规划方法.

基于全息地图的机器人与操作手同步路径规划

针对机器人行走路径规划与机械手操作路径规划之间缺乏同步性,提出了一种机器人与机械手同步路径规划方法,使机器人在路径规划时不仅可以实现行走路径规划,还实现了对操作路径的规划。首先,借鉴人对空间规划的思想,设计了实现机器人与机械手同步规划的总体思路,并且给出了其涉及的两个新概念,分别为物品点和二维物品操作点;其次,设定了同步规划模型,利用转换矩阵将其同化为机器人路径点模型;最后,将机器人路径点模型分裂为二维行走路径规划模型和三维路径规划模型,并据此同步的规划行走路径和操作路径。在家庭环境下,家庭服务机器人基于全息地图利用该方法实现了机器人行走与机械手操作之间的同步性,同时也可以生成合理的行走路径和操作路径。

排爆作业机器人嵌入式半物理仿真系统

针对排爆机器人的作业需求,开发了一套由嵌入式系统及3D仿真平台组成的半物理仿真系统,对排爆机器人的典型操作任务——危险物探测、爆炸物处理等任务进行仿真实验.采用单片机开发排爆机器人的嵌入式控制系统,运行实际的轨迹规划与控制算法,并按真实的时序产生控制指令;采用VC和OSG软件开发3D实时仿真平台,该平台由动力学模型、系统3D几何模型、双目相机模型、传感器模型等组成,在一台PC机上运行;将嵌入式控制系统与3D仿真平台集成,进行典型工况的闭环控制仿真.仿真结果表明了该系统的有效性.

基于遗传算法的焊接机器人三维路径规划研究

针对汽车焊接机器人路径规划不合理的问题,采利用遗传算法针对三维路径规划问题提出了相应的遗传编码方法,构造了相应的遗传算子,为焊接机器人三维路径的规划问题提出了一条新的发展路径。

航空信标辅助WSN三维定位的移动路径规划方法

三维定位对于相当多的无线传感器网络(WSN)应用非常重要,但通常复杂度与成本较高。基于移动(航空)信标辅助的三维定位是相对节约成本的一类方法。针对这类方法需要解决的移动路径规划问题,提出了一种实现简单、路径长度短的三维移动路径规划方法。在三维空间中,航空信标只需在两平面上对三维部署区域进行两次相互独立的二维扫描。3D SCAN、3D DOUBLE SCAN、3D HILBERT、3D CIRCLES、3D S-CURVES和3D LMAT是该方法的六种典型实现。仿真实验结果表明,基于该路径规划方法的六种典型路径都能够满足三维定位需要。其中,3D S-CURVES路径长度最短、定位精度最高。