Three-Dimensional Rigid-Plastic FEM Simulation of Bulk Forming Processes with New Contact and Remeshing Techniques

Some techniques such as die surface description, contact judgement algorithm and remeshing are proposed to improve the robustness of the numerical solution. Based on these techniques, a three-dimensional rigid-plastic FEM code has been developed. Isothermal forging process of a cylindrical housing has been simulated. The simulation results show that the given techniques and the FEM code are reasonable and feasible for three-dimensional bulk forming processes.

Inversion of source mechanism of 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake by three-dimensional FEM Green's function

Based on three-dimensional joint finite element, this paper discusses the theory and methodology about inversionof geodetic data. The FEM and inversion formula is given in detail; also a related code is developed. By use of theGreen's function about 3-D FEM, we invert geodetic measurementS of coseismic deformation of the 1989 Ms=7. 1Loma Prieta earthquake to datermine itS source mechanism. The result indicates that the slip on the fault plane isvery heterogeneous. The maximum slip and shear stress are located about 10 kin to northwest of the eathquakesource, the stress drop is about more than 1 MPa.

Polynomials of Degree-Based Indices for Three-Dimensional Mesh Network

In order to study the behavior and interconnection of network devices,graphs structures are used to formulate the properties in terms of mathematical models.Mesh network(meshnet)is a LAN topology in which devices are connected either directly or through some intermediate devices.These terminating and intermediate devices are considered as vertices of graph whereas wired or wireless connections among these devices are shown as edges of graph.Topological indices are used to reflect structural property of graphs in form of one real number.This structural invariant has revolutionized the field of chemistry to identify molecular descriptors of chemical compounds.These indices are extensively used for establishing relationships between the structure of nanotubes and their physico-chemical properties.In this paper a representation of sodium chloride(NaCl)is studied,because structure of NaCl is same as the Cartesian product of three paths of length exactly like a mesh network.In this way the general formula obtained in this paper can be used in chemistry as well as for any degree-based topological polynomials of three-dimensional mesh networks.

Predicting impact strength of perforated targets using artificial neural networks trained on FEM-generated datasets

The paper considers application of artificial neural networks(ANNs)for fast numerical evaluation of a residual impactor velocity for a family of perforated PMMA(Polymethylmethacrylate)targets.The ANN models were trained using sets of numerical results on impact of PMMA plates obtained via dynamic FEM coupled with incubation time fracture criterion.The developed approach makes it possible to evaluate the impact strength of a particular target configuration without complicated FEM calculations which require considerable computational resources.Moreover,it is shown that the ANN models are able to predict results for the configurations which cannot be processed using the developed FEM routine due to numerical instabilities and errors:the trained neural network uses information from successful computations to obtain results for the problematic cases.A simple static problem of a perforated plate deformation is discussed prior to the impact problem and preferable ANN architectures are presented for both problems.Some insight into the perforation pattern optimization using a genetic algorithm coupled with the ANN is also made and optimized perforation patterns which theoretically enhance the target impact strength are constructed.

Meshing effects of the 3-D FEM numerical modeling in seismo-electromagnetics:An application in selectivity of seismic electric signal (SES)

We investigated how density and quality of mesh around interest domain affect electromagnetic （EM） responses of 3D Earth layered media using finite element method （FEM）. Effect of different mesh shapes was also investigated using a method of mixing structured and unstructured mesh. As a case study, we estimated the effects of meshing on selectivity phenomenon of seismic electric signal （SES）. Our results suggest that the relative errors resulting from mesh effects may not be negligible, which may lead to some unconvincing explanation of the SES selectivity based on the numerical modeling results.

Two-Dimensional h-Version Adaptive Remeshing Refinement of FEM

A new method for estimating the posterior error of linear triangular element is presented. According to the specified accuracy, the element size and node spacing function of adaptive h-version mesh refinement are predicted. The main domain is divided by the isolines of node spacing into subregions in which mesh regeneration is realized. This remeshing refinement process implements mesh subdivision and mesh de-refinement in onecycle.

黄土区楔形桩-网复合地基承载特性

[目的]针对黄土地区中楔形桩-网复合地基的承载性能进行探究.[方法]开展以几何相似常数为第一基本量、重度相似常数为第二基本量的土工模型试验,研究了不同受荷区域基桩承载能力,并通过有限元计算方法进一步分析其承载特性.比较模型试验结果与有限元计算结果,揭示了黄土区楔形桩-网复合地基的荷载沉降、桩身轴力、侧摩阻力、桩土应力比及荷载分担比等分布与变化规律.[结果]复合地基沉降变化总体趋于均匀,荷载-沉降曲线为缓变型;不同受荷区域基桩的桩身轴力、侧摩阻力呈现明显差异性;楔形桩-土相互作用与荷载和深度呈现正相关关系,但存在一定上限;复合地基中楔形桩随荷载增大能有效分散桩身应力,并将荷载由桩体向桩周土传递、由地基中心向外围扩散.[结论]楔形桩-网复合地基表现出良好的承载能力,直接受荷区桩能更高效地发挥楔形桩承载特性,楔形桩在复合地基中很好地实现桩-网-土协同作用.

FEM网格对圆钢温度场计算结果的影响

采用３种不同网格划分，用有限元方法对圆钢待轧过程温度场进行了解析，结果表明，采用均匀网格所解出的温度分布曲线亦匀称光滑，反之，若相邻网格的尺寸相差过大或畸形，则解出的温度场将在相应的局部出现反常的温度波动。

AutoCAD平台上的有限元前处理软件Auto MESH

概述了ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ平台上的有限元前处理软件ＡｕｔｏＭＥＳＨ的主要功能，着重介绍了该软件在二维和三维有限元网格自动生成与自适应方面的技术特点，给出了几个网格实例。

基于FEM-SPH耦合方法的AISI4340钢超精密切削过程仿真

数值模拟是研究金属切削的重要手段,但有限元方法(FEM)由于依赖网格而存在一定的局限性,不适宜处理大变形问题.光滑粒子动力学(SPH)是一种无网格法,可以避免网格畸变,解决切削过程中材料大变形问题.结合两种方法的各自优点,建立了AISI4340钢金刚石超精密切削过程的FEM-SPH耦合模型,研究切削过程中材料的去除机理.仿真结果表明:随着切削过程的进行工件内部应力逐渐增大,当达到屈服极限时,工件材料沿前刀面塑性流动,形成切屑,刀尖钝圆的推挤起了决定性的作用;成形表面下存在较为严重的残余应力;切削热主要来源于切削过程中塑性功的转换且大部分被切屑带走;增大刀尖钝圆半径将会使切削力尤其是切削抗力显著增大.

基于3D几何特征深度表达学习的物理系统仿真

针对现有深度学习方法在物理系统仿真中无法处理几何边界与初始条件同时变化的场景的问题,提出将几何边界约束的表达与物理系统仿真解耦的技术思路,设计了几何特征表达学习和物理系统仿真双步骤的技术路线。在构建与外部物理条件无关的几何特征提取模块之后,融合提取的几何特征与物理特征,最后设计基于神经网络的物理系统仿真方法。在应力场预测实验中,所提方法的预测时间为2.63 ms,远低于有限元法(FEM)的0.6 s,且平均绝对误差(MAE)仅为MeshNet的0.389倍。实验结果表明,所提方法能够保持较高仿真精度,同时能够较好地适应不同的几何边界与初始条件。

重轨断面温度场的FEM模拟

根据有限元分析原理,利用Fortran语言编制了重轨断面温度场的计算程序。通过采用变时间步长、调整传热计算参数和变换划分的网格数等优化算法,对武钢重轨(50kg/m)冷却温度场进行模拟计算,寻求到了一种高效省时的单元网格划分数和计算步长。实验验证表明,计算结果与实验结果吻合良好。

奇异摄动问题的LDG/FEM耦合解法

根据奇异摄动问题解的特点,提出了一种求解奇异摄动问题的新方法——LDG/FEM耦合方法.该方法将计算区域分为两个不重叠的子区域,在解变化较大的区域采用具有较好稳定性的间断有限元方法,在解变化平缓的区域采用自由度较少的连续有限元方法.证明了该耦合方法导出的离散系统的解的存在性和唯一性,并证明了该方法的稳定性.数值结果表明:LDG/FEM耦合方法在Shishkin网格上是一致收敛的.

A356铸造铝合金中孔洞缺陷对应力应变集中程度的影响

针对铸造过程中出现缩孔、气孔等缺陷,导致大载荷条件下应力集中,产生局部高应力应变区引起局部屈服,从而降低零件服役寿命的问题,采用有限元简化建模和试验分析验证相结合的办法,系统地研究了A356铸造铝合金中孔洞与自由表面距离、孔间距、孔形貌,以及孔角度对应力应变集中程度的影响,建立了孔洞各缺陷特征对应力应变集中影响的关系,并通过试样内实际孔洞对所建立的关系进行了验证。

基于多面体单元的三维ES-FEM理论研究

建立了基于多面体单元的三维光滑边域有限元法(ES-FEM-Poly),包括多面体单元中光滑域的划分方法、形函数的构造,以及几何矩阵、刚度矩阵的推导。同时利用Matlab软件编制了相应的计算程序,研究了空心球模型和梁模型在不同数量多面体单元下的应力分布,与常规四面体单元和六面体单元有限元计算结果通过应力相对误差和能量相对误差进行比较。研究结果表明,基于多面体网格的三维光滑边域有限元法相比常规有限元法具有更好的精度和收敛性,且对于复杂的几何结构也有较好的适应性。

HEXAHEDRAL ELEMENT REFINEMENT FOR THE PREDICTION- CORRECTION ALE FEM SIMULATION OF 3D BULKINGFORMING PROCESS

Based on the characteristics of 3D bulk forming process, the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation-based FEM is studied, and a prediction-correction ALE-based FEM is proposed which integrates the advantages of precisely predicting the boundary configuration of the deformed material, and of efficiently avoiding hexahedron remeshing processes. The key idea of the prediction-correction ALE FEM is elaborated in detail. Accordingly, the strategy of mesh quality control, one of the key enabling techniques for the 3D bulk forming process numerical simulation by the prediction-correction ALE FEM is carefully investigated, and the algorithm for hexahedral element refinement is formulated based on the mesh distortion energy.

基于特征的多分辨FEM模型快速生成

为了提高有限元分析效率,对零件进行不同精度的有限元分析应该使用不同分辨的零件有限元网格(FEM)模型。针对这一需要,提出了一种基于特征的多分辨FEM模型快速生成方法。首先确定出零件所有特征之间的接口;然后对零件所包含的每一个设计特征和分析特征进行了以相关接口为约束的网格划分;最后根据不同的特征层次结构选择相应的特征及其网格组合产生零件不同分辨的FEM模型。实验结果表明该方法快速而有效。

Frontiers in biomolecular mesh generation and molecular visualization systems

With the development of biomolecular modeling and simulation,especially implicit solvent modeling,higher requirements are set for the stability,efficiency and mesh quality of molecular mesh generation software.In this review,we summarize the recent works in biomolecular mesh generation and molecular visualization.First,we introduce various definitions of molecular surface and corresponding meshing software.Second,as the mesh quality significantly influences biomolecular simulation,we investigate some remeshing methods in the fields of computer graphics and molecular modeling.Then,we show the application of biomolecular mesh in the boundary element method(BEM)and the finite element method(FEM).Finally,to conveniently visualize the numerical results based on the mesh,we present two types of molecular visualization systems.

A BLOCK-CENTERED UPWIND APPROXIMATION OF THE SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE PROBLEM ON A DYNAMICALLY CHANGING MESH

The numerical simulation of a three-dimensional semiconductor device is a fundamental problem in information science. The mathematical model is defined by an initialboundary nonlinear system of four partial differential equations: an elliptic equation for electric potential, two convection-diffusion equations for electron concentration and hole concentration, and a heat conduction equation for temperature. The first equation is solved by the conservative block-centered method. The concentrations and temperature are computed by the block-centered upwind difference method on a changing mesh, where the block-centered method and upwind approximation are used to discretize the diffusion and convection, respectively. The computations on a changing mesh show very well the local special properties nearby the P-N junction. The upwind scheme is applied to approximate the convection, and numerical dispersion and nonphysical oscillation are avoided. The block-centered difference computes concentrations, temperature, and their adjoint vector functions simultaneously.The local conservation of mass, an important rule in the numerical simulation of a semiconductor device, is preserved during the computations. An optimal order convergence is obtained. Numerical examples are provided to show efficiency and application.

面向大型复杂焊接结构仿真的组合式自适应四面体网格生成算法

目的研究高质量、高效率的网格生成技术以实现大型复杂结构的焊接工艺仿真优化。方法提出一种组合式的自适应四面体网格划分算法,即在高效生成各个零部件四面体网格的基础上,根据焊缝中心面的几何信息自动对焊缝附近网格进行细分,再缝合成高质量的大型复杂焊接结构的整体四面体网格,并集成到自主可控的商用网格划分软件Vision Mesh中。提出了摄动几何边界的方法,解决了大型复杂结构STL几何体在存在几何错误时网格难以生成的问题。提出了基于BVH树结构表达的背景网格表达方法,解决了多条焊缝同时高效、自动细分的难题,并通过“四面体分割–四面体合并–四面体翻转–点平滑优化”方法,实现了四面体网格的高质量优化。结果算法网格效率可以达到200万个/h,生成的四面体99%以上均接近正四面体。可以由多个零部件一步组合生成大型结构的整体网格,并可对焊缝区域进行自动细分,大幅度简化了划分流程。将生成的网格导入国产焊接仿真软件InteWeld中进行测试,验证算法可用于大型复杂焊接结构整体应力变形的计算中。结论实现了大型复杂焊接结构的高质量自适应四面体网格划分,使用简便操作得到了高质量网格,为焊接结构件工艺仿真优化提供了前提。