Three-Dimensional Finite Element Numerical Simulation and Physical Experiment for Magnetism-Stress Detecting in Oil Casing

The casing damage has been a big problem in oilfield production. The current detection methods mostly are used after casing damage, which is not very effective. With the rapid development of China's offshore oil industry, the number of offshore oil wells is becoming larger and larger. Because the cost of offshore oil well is very high, the casing damage will cause huge economic losses. What's more, it can also bring serious pollution to marine environment. So the effective methods of detecting casing damage are required badly. The accumulation of stress is the main reason for the casing damage. Magnetic anisotropy technique based on counter magnetostriction effect can detect the stress of casing in real time and help us to find out the hidden dangers in time. It is essential for us to prevent the casing damage from occurring. However, such technique is still in the development stage. Previous studies mostly got the relationship between stress and magnetic signals by physical experiment, and the study of physical mechanism in relative magnetic permeability connecting the stress and magnetic signals is rarely reported. The present paper uses the ANSYS to do the three-dimensional finite element numerical simulation to study how the relative magnetic permeability works for the oil casing model. We find that the quantitative relationship between the stress' s variation and magnetic induction intensity's variation is: Δδ =K* ΔB, K = 8.04×109, which is proved correct by physical experiment.

Three-Dimensional Simulations of RESET Operation in Phase-Change Random Access Memory with Blade-Type Like Phase Change Layer by Finite Element Modeling

An optimized device structure for reducing the RESET current of phase-change random access memory （PCRAM） with blade-type like （BTL） phase change layer is proposed. The electrical thermal analysis of the BTL cell and the blade heater contactor structure by three-dimensional finite element modeling are compared with each other during RESET operation. The simulation results show that the programming region of the phase change layer in the BTL cell is much smaller, and thermal electrical distributions of the BTL cell are more concentrated on the TiN/GST interface. The results indicate that the BTL cell has the superiorities of increasing the heating efficiency, decreasing the power consumption and reducing the RESET current from 0.67mA to 0.32mA. Therefore, the BTL cell will be appropriate for high performance PCRAM device with lower power consumption and lower RESET current.

Three-dimensional finite element analysis on effects of tunnel construction on nearby pile foundation

A three-dimensional finite element simulation was carried out to investigate the effects of tunnel construction on nearby pile foundation.The displacement controlled model (DCM) was used to simulate the tunneling-induced volume loss effects.The numerical model was verified based on the results of a centrifuge test and a set of parametric studies was implemented based on this model.There is good agreement between the trend of the results of the centrifuge test and the present model.The results of parametric studies show that the tunnelling-induced pile internal force and deformation depend mainly on the pile?tunnel distance,the pile length to tunnel depth ratio and the volume loss.Two different zones are separated by a 45° line projected from the tunnel springline.Within the zone of influence,the pile is subjected to tensile force and large settlement;whereas outside the zone of influence,dragload and small settlement are induced.It is also established that the impact of tunnelling on a pile group is substantially smaller as compared with a single pile in the same location with the rear pile in a group,demonstrating a positive pile group effect.

Simulation-based Estimation of Thermal Behavior of Direct Feed Drive Mechanism with Updated Finite Element Model

Linear motors generate high heat and cause significant deformation in high speed direct feed drive mechanisms.It is relevant to estimate their deformation behavior to improve their application in precision machine tools.This paper describes a method to estimate its thermal deformation based on updated finite element（FE）model methods.Firstly,a FE model is established for a linear motor drive test rig that includes the correlation between temperature rise and its resulting deformation.The relationship between the input and output variables of the FE model is identified with a modified multivariate input/output least square support vector regression machine.Additionally,the temperature rise and displacements at some critical points on the mechanism are obtained experimentally by a system of thermocouples and an interferometer.The FE model is updated through intelligent comparison between the experimentally measured values and the results from the regression machine.The experiments for testing thermal behavior along with the updated FE model simulations is conducted on the test rig in reciprocating cycle drive conditions.The results show that the intelligently updated FE model can be implemented to analyze the temperature variation distribution of the mechanism and to estimate its thermal behavior.The accuracy of the thermal behavior estimation with the optimally updated method can be more than double that of the initial theoretical FE model.This paper provides a simulation method that is effective to estimate the thermal behavior of the direct feed drive mechanism with high accuracy.

Simulation-Based Construction of Three-Dimensional Process Model for Punching Cartridge Cases

A method of constructing three-dimensional process model for the punching cartridge cases is presented based on DEFORM simulation analysis. Using DEFORM software,the finite element simulation models for the punching and forming process of cartridge cases are established,and the corresponding simulation result model of each intermediate procedure is obtained by continuously performing the forming process simulation. The simulation model cannot annotate size and process information due to poor interface between DEFORM software and CAD software. Thus,a 3D annotation module is developed with secondary development technology of UG NX software. Consequently,the final process model with dimension and process information is obtained. Then,with the current 3D process management system,the 3D punching and forming process design of cartridge cases can be completed further. An example is also provided to illustrate that the relative error between the simulation process model and the physical model is less than 2%,which proves the validity and reliability of the proposed method in this study.

Computational fluid dynamics simulations of respiratory airflow in human nasal cavity and its characteristic dimension study

To study the airflow distribution in human nasal cavity during respiration and the characteristic parameters of nasal structure, three-dimensional, anatomically accurate representations of 30 adult nasal cavity models were recons- tructed based on processed tomography images collected from normal people. The airflow fields in nasal cavities were simulated by fluid dynamics with finite element software ANSYS. The results showed that the difference of human nasal cavity structure led to different airflow distribution in the nasal cavities and variation of the main airstream passing through the common nasal meatus. The nasal resistance in the regions of nasal valve and nasal vestibule accounted for more than half of the overall resistance. The characteristic model of nasal cavity was extracted on the basis of characteristic points and dimensions deduced from the original models. It showed that either the geometric structure or the airflow field of the two kinds of models was similar. The characteristic dimensions were the characteristic parameters of nasal cavity that could properly represent the original model in model studies on nasal cavity.

Three-dimensional stochastic seepage field for embankment engineering

Owing to the complexity of geo-engineering seepage problems influenced by different random factors, three-dimensional simulation and analysis of the stochastic seepage field plays an important role in engineering applications. A three-dimensional anisotropic heterogeneous steady random seepage model was developed on the basis of the finite element method. A statistical analysis of the distribution characteristics of soil parameters sampled from the main embankment of the Yangtze River in the Southern Jingzhou zone of China was conducted. The Kolomogorov-Smirnov test verified the statistical hypothesis that the permeability coefficient tensor has a Gaussian distribution. With the help of numerical analysis of the stochastic seepage field using the developed model, various statistical and random characteristics of the stochastic seepage field of the main embankment of the Yangtze River in the Southern Jingzhou zone of China were investigated. The model was also examined with statistical testing. Through the introduction of random variation of the upstream and downstream water levels into the model, the effects of the boundary randomness due to variation of the downstream and upstream water levels on the variation of simulated results presented with a vector series of the random seepage field were analyzed. Furthermore, the combined influence of the variation of the soil permeability coefficient and such seepage resistance measures as the cut-off wall and relief ditch on the hydraulic head distribution was analyzed and compared with the results obtained by determinate analysis. Meanwhile, sensitivities of the hydraulic gradient and downstream exit height to the variation of boundary water level were studied. The validity of the simulated results was verified by stochastic testing and measured data. The developed model provides more detail and a full stochastic algorithm to characterize and analyze three-dimensional stochastic seepage field problems.

高温超导直线同步电机电磁力仿真与实验研究

无铁芯超导直线同步电机(superconducting linear synchronous motor,SLSM)具有推力密度高、工作气隙大等优势,是超导磁浮列车的动力核心。由于会不可避免地受到弯道、道岔、横风和电源谐波等因素的影响,磁浮列车在运行过程中将发生多自由度运动,使电机次级姿态发生滚转或偏移,致使超导直线电机的电磁力性能发生改变,进而影响列车的运行稳定性。针对多变电机次级姿态下高温超导直线同步电机的三维力特性展开研究,首先分析悬浮车体多自由度运动对直线电机次级姿态的影响,并建立计算SLSM三维电磁力的有限元模型;其次,通过搭建超导同步直线电机样机,实验验证模型的有效性;最后,基于该模型研究无铁芯SLSM次级在发生横向偏移、法向偏移、侧滚、俯仰以及偏航条件下的三维电磁力输出特性及其变化规律,为超导磁浮列车运行性能优化提供了理论依据。

带分段限位刚度的双向限位单层隔振系统冲击动力学理论模型研究

[目的]针对在冲击激励作用下带限位器的隔振系统刚度呈非线性变化的问题,开展冲击动力学理论模型及其抗冲击性能研究。[方法]首先,利用分段线性等效思想,建立带分段线性刚度限位器的双向限位单层隔振系统冲击动力学理论模型;然后,利用解析法对理论模型进行解析求解,并与不同冲击工况下的有限元法冲击响应进行对比验证。[结果]在不同的冲击工况下,动力学理论模型的解析解与有限元数值解具有高度的一致性。[结论]通过对比分析,验证了带分段限位刚度的双向限位单层隔振系统冲击动力学理论模型及求解方法的准确性,可为带限位器隔振系统的工作原理与性能特点研究提供理论依据。

考虑土体非线性山-谷耦合复杂场地空间相关多点地震动模拟

采用考虑局部场地非线性地震波散射效应的空间相关多点地震动模拟方法,对山-谷耦合场地的地震动进行定量模拟分析。非线性地震波散射效应基于有限元-间接边界元耦合法和等效线性土体模型进行计算。结果表明,山体的存在会增大沉积内的地震动反应,对短周期的地震波的放大效应更为显著,增幅可达50%。相较于单一沉积谷地地形的沉积谷地外部,山-谷耦合场地中山体地震响应有所减小。相比线性模型,考虑土体非线性时,沉积谷地地震动强度较线性时的结果有所降低,反应谱峰值位置也会发生改变,但山体影响更为显著。不同山体形状对谷地影响不同,对于谷地内部分点位影响的差别可达40%。该研究为山-谷耦合场地工程结构抗震设防提供了部分理论依据和计算方法。

3D finite element analysis of a two-surface wear model in fretting tests

This article aims at developing a computationally efficient framework to simulate the erosion of two contact surfaces in three-dimensional(3D),depending on the body resistance.The framework involves finite element(FE)resolution of a fretting problem,wear computation via a non-local criterion including a wear distribution parameter(WDP),as well as updating of the geometry and automatic remeshing.Its originality is based on the capability to capture the damage on each surface and obtain local and global results for a quantitative and qualitative analysis.Numerical simulations are carried out for two 3D contact specimens with different values of WDP.The results highlight the importance of correctly modelling wear:One-surface wear model is sufficient from a global point of view(wear volume),or whenever the wear resistance for a body is much higher than that of another one,whereas a 3D two-surface wear model is essential to capturing local effects(contact pressure,wear footprint,etc.)related to the difference in wear resistance of the bodies.

永磁同步直线电动机动子清洁装置的设计

针对永磁同步直线电动机在矿山运输系统中动子吸附铁屑和磁性尘沙的问题,现提出了一种可以安装在定子上的清洁装置,通过设计清扫吸附装置的结构,应用有限元仿真软件计算动子吸附铁屑和磁性尘沙的受力情况,使用流体仿真软件计算清洁装置清除动子表面铁屑和磁性尘沙所需的风量和风速。通过清洁装置的样机试验表明,清洁装置具有良好的清扫和吸附铁屑、灰尘的能力,达到永磁同步电动机永磁体动子表面清洁的效果。

盾构推进隧道结构三维非线性有限元仿真

对盾构推进过程结构进行三维非线性有限元仿真，提出迁移法模拟盾构前行过程；采用权刚度修正Ｇｏｏｄｍａｎ单元处理单元内存在两种材料的混合接触刚度。对某地下隧道工程的盾构推进过程进行了仿真计算，研究推进过程的地表变形和土体扰动规律．

列车耐碰撞系统有限元和多体动力学联合仿真

研究基于有限元和多体动力学技术进行列车耐碰撞系统设计的联合仿真策略.通过非线性有限元分析获得车辆吸能部件在碰撞时的力—位移关系曲线,以该曲线模拟车辆连挂之间的非线性弹簧特性,运用多体动力学技术进行了两列车的碰撞动力学仿真.通过仿真分析碰撞中列车各车辆间的作用力、变形、速度、加速度以及各个吸能部件的能量吸收等数值,实现了对新设计列车碰撞被动安全系统总体性能的评估.与高速碰撞相比,在中低速碰撞工况下,头车与第2节车体端部连接处吸收的动能占总动能的比例更高.联合仿真能较真实地模拟列车碰撞的全过程,验证了联合仿真策略的可行性.

油井水力压裂流-固耦合非线性有限元数值模拟

基于多孔介质流-固耦合的控制方程,推导了相应的非线性增量有限元列式,并采用以节点位移和孔隙压力为自由度的黏结单元来模拟水力损伤造成的预设裂缝的起裂和扩展,在此基础上建立了油井水力压裂的有限元模型。在该模型中考虑了压裂液的黏性系数和支撑剂的体积浓度随时间变化,所有参数均采用现场压裂的数据。通过数值模拟,得到了缝口压力、射孔孔眼摩阻、沿程摩阻、井筒内液柱静水压力和地面井口压力随压裂时间的变化规律,并给出了"压裂作业三条线",模拟得到的"压裂作业三条线"与现场压裂实测结果吻合良好。

一般稀疏线性方程组的因子组合型并行预条件研究

基于因子组合给出一般稀疏线性方程组的一种新并行预条件。在该方案中,应用基于邻接图的重叠区域分解,形成一串相互重叠的子区域。对每个子区域,可以采用任何不完全LU分解。之后,利用全局三角因子与全局下三角因子的乘积作为全局的并行预条件,其中全局三角因子利用限制加性Schwarz思想对每个局部上三角因子的逆进行组合得到。分析表明,提出的预条件优于经典加性Schwarz和限制加性Schwarz,且能保持对称正定性。对混凝土细观数值模拟中线性方程组的实验再次表明,新方案优于经典加性Schwarz。

地球物理学中的电磁场正演与反演

本文在近年来众多的地球物理研究者的研究基础上,总结了当前地电磁模型正反演已有成果,定量分析了各种主要正反演的性能测试,指出不同正反演法的优点、缺点以及应用范围局限,提出了各种方法的发展趋势以及当前计算地球物理领域的核心内容,指出了计算地球物理领域的数值模拟发展方向.

塔中地区奥陶系现今构造应力场模拟及裂缝预测

裂缝性储集层是塔中地区碳酸盐岩储集层中最重要的类型,控制着奥陶系油气井的产出能力。结合相关地质资料,应用三维有限元法对塔中地区奥陶系进行了现今构造应力场数值模拟。根据格里菲斯岩石破裂准则,预测了奥陶系现今裂缝发育区带。通过统计奥陶系单井裂缝线密度和工业油气井井位分布情况,验证用三维有限元法预测的塔中地区奥陶系构造裂缝发育区和实际裂缝线密度统计及测井解释的裂缝发育区基本吻合,表明塔中地区现今油气成藏区带多位于构造应力高值区。

高速磁悬浮列车电磁场的模拟计算

采用有限元法研究了高速磁悬浮列车的悬浮和推进电磁场,重点研究了车辆在不同运行条件下悬浮力和推力的变化规律,并得出了经验公式。分析和计算结果表明,悬浮力和推力的大小与功角有关,并且由于定子齿槽和材料不连续的影响,悬浮力和推力都存在六倍频的波动。

基于Therm的门窗热工性能分析与数值模拟

结合现行国家标准和计算规程分析了建筑门窗的热工特性,采用有限单元法用国内外通用的Therm软件模拟了隔热断桥铝合金窗的传热系数。结合ISO标准和我国的计算规程,考虑了玻璃与型材接缝处线传热系数的影响,给出了线传热系数的详细计算公式和数值模拟方法,较好地解决了我国计算规程和ISO标准不协调的问题。结果表明,提出的计算方法其计算结果与试验值吻合较好,且能很好地满足我国规范要求,为建筑门窗的热工性能分析提供一种方法。