Research on Energy Efficiency Characteristics of Mining Shovel Hoisting and Slewing System Driven by Hydraulic-Electric Hybrid System

Mining shovel is a crucial piece of equipment for high-efficiency production in open-pit mining and stands as one of the largest energy consumption sources in mining.However,substantial energy waste occurs during the descent of the hoisting system or the deceleration of the slewing platform.To reduce the energy loss,an innovative hydrau-lic-electric hybrid drive system is proposed,in which a hydraulic pump/motor connected with an accumulator is added to assist the electric motor to drive the hoisting system or slewing platform,recycling kinetic and potential energy.The utilization of the kinetic and potential energy reduces the energy loss and installed power of the min-ing shovel.Meanwhile,the reliability of the mining shovel pure electric drive system also can be increased.In this paper,the hydraulic-electric hybrid driving principle is introduced,a small-scale testbed is set up to verify the feasibil-ity of the system,and a co-simulation model of the proposed system is established to clarify the system operation and energy characteristics.The test and simulation results show that,by adopting the proposed system,compared with the traditional purely electric driving system,the peak power and energy consumption of the hoisting electric motor are reduced by 36.7%and 29.7%,respectively.Similarly,the slewing electric motor experiences a significant decrease in peak power by 86.9%and a reduction in energy consumption by 59.4%.The proposed system expands the application area of the hydraulic electric hybrid drive system and provides a reference for its application in over-sized and super heavy equipment.

Research on dent resistance of lightweight three-piece cans

An experimental apparatus and a numerical simulation model were built for investigating the dent resistance of lightweight three-piece cans.The dent resistance of raw materials 0.19 mm T4 and 0.17 mm DR7M was compared.It was found that when the thickness reduced from 0.19 to 0.17 mm,the dent resistance became about 80％ of that before thinning.This provides a guidance for the continuous thinning of three-piece cans.

Study of Movement Reliability for Hoisting Jack under a Rocket Launcher Vehicle

The transmission mechanism of a jack is required to support the combat vehicle reliably within a very short time. So reliability research is very important because the mechanism completes motions required under the conditions within limited time. If the transmission mechanism of the jack supports the rocket launcher steadily, it needs to go through several stages as follows ： unlocking, starting, operating, braking, stopping, fixing position and locking. The transmission mechanism of the jack is a complicated and single degree of freedom mechanical system; it can be considered an imaginary mechanical model that has an equivalent moment of inertia and equivalent torque. According to the characteristics of each supporting stages, dynamics equations of the mechanism are established. At the stages of starting and operating, a driving moment and resistance moment are dealt with for a Normal distribution. The design principles for movement reliability of completing action are established and the design principles for time reliability of completing action within a limited time are established. Finally, movement reliability of the transmission mechanism of the jack is 0. 9 852, according to our calculation. Reliability of time to complete action is 0. 9 943.

Water hammer in coarse grained solid liquid flows in hydraulic hoisting for ocean mining

The particles of polymetallic nodules in hydraulic hoisting flows that are used for mining in deep sea are rather coarse, therefore their flow velocity is smaller than that of the surrounding water. The characteristics of solid liquid flows such as their density, concentration, elastic modulus and resistance were discussed. The wave propagation speed and the continuity and momentum equations of water hammer in coarse grained solid liquid flows were theoretically derived, and a water hammer model for such flows was developed.

基于深度学习与机器视觉的起重机吊装安全监测方法

随着我国经济的快速发展,各类大型工程层出不穷,对起重机吊装作业的需求不断增加。然而,吊装作业过程中依然存在众多的安全隐患,极易造成人员伤亡等安全事故。因此,该文提出一种基于深度学习和机器视觉的起重机吊装安全监测方法。将深度学习与机器视觉相结合对监控图像中的被吊物和工人进行识别和定位,同时可自主判断工人是否佩戴安全帽。根据监测模型的识别和定位信息,获得工人与被吊物之间的空间关系,为起重机吊装过程提供安全预警信息。为了提高所提方法的实用性和便携性,开发一个起重机吊装安全智能监测系统,不仅可以实时显示监控图像的识别结果,而且能够输出场景的语义描述、发出安全预警信号。

基于动态贝叶斯网络的装配式建筑吊装施工安全风险分析

针对装配式建筑吊装施工期间风险影响因素多、不确定性高及风险状态随时间动态变化等问题,提出基于动态贝叶斯网络的装配式建筑吊装施工安全风险动态分析方法。首先,根据装配式建筑吊装施工特点和事故致因理论,从“人、物、环、管”4个方面建立风险指标体系。其次,引入时间维度建立动态贝叶斯网络模型,利用模糊理论和专家打分法量化网络节点的概率,并结合Leaky Noisy-or Gate扩展模型修正条件概率。最后,利用动态贝叶斯网络的双向推理功能对装配式建筑吊装施工安全风险进行动态风险分析。由实例分析得到某装配式建筑吊装施工安全风险的时序变化曲线,通过反向推理得到导致吊装事故发生的关键风险因素。研究成果可为分析和有效控制装配式建筑吊装施工安全风险提供新思路。

装配式建筑吊装施工安全关键风险分析的改进DEMATEL方法

为了解决装配式建筑吊装施工安全风险评估体系缺失、演化路径不清的共性问题,提高施工安全科学管理水平,提出了一种基于改进决策试验与实验室评估法(Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory,DEMATEL)的关键风险识别与演化路径分析方法。基于扎根理论构建装配式建筑吊装施工安全风险评价指标体系,利用基于组合数有序加权算子(Combination Ordered Weighted Averaging,C-OWA)改进直接影响矩阵,建立DEMATEL模型决策矩阵,并通过因果关系图识别关键风险因素,探究关键风险演化路径,以武汉市某工程项目为背景开展实证研究。结果表明:该项目存在X_(1)(工人的专业水平与素质差)、X_(5)(工人的技能培训与安全教育不到位)、X_(15)(人员没有进行定期的安全培训)、X_(18)(现场施工安全管理水平低)、X_(19)(风险意识缺乏)等关键风险因素;在4条基础路径和2条复合路径中,复合路径的权重高于基础路径,随着关键风险之间直接和间接作用的复杂化,发生风险事件的可能性将逐步增加;复合路径除了通过基础路径与关键风险耦合得到以外,还可以通过基础路径的相互作用演化得到。

FBG传感器在起重机械局部损伤监测中的应用研究

光纤布拉格光栅(Fiber Bragg Grating,FBG)传感器自身应变传递特性和敏感范围波动较大,在应用过程中缺少结合被测结构性能和FBG传感器本身结构特点的应用方法。为此,研究FBG传感器在起重机械局部损伤监测中的应用。根据起重机械的内部振动状况构建损伤模型,在FBG传感器光纤的同一位置放置两个不同的Bragg光栅,并根据波长变化采集局部损伤数据,将采集到的数据输入自回归滑动平均模型(Autoregressive Moving Average Model,ARMA)中,提取损伤状态,完成起重机械局部损伤监测。实验结果表明,所提方法的反馈时间低于0.25 ms,监测到的应变数据与实际应变数据差距相近,监测的损伤部位与设定损伤部位一致,证明该方法监测反馈效率和监测精度高,监测效果好,适用于各种环境下的起重机械局部监测工作。

基于SAPAD-QFD的施工升降机驾驶室设计研究

目的 为提高施工升降机驾驶员工作效率,改善其工作体验,设计出满足驾驶员实际需求的施工升降机驾驶室。方法 以SAPAD理论和QFD理论为理论框架,梳理出用户需求及与其对应的设计特征,并在此基础上开展设计实践。首先,通过观察法和访谈法来获取驾驶员日常行为信息,根据SAPAD理论完成“行为-产品-意义”的映射分析,并借助聚类分析法获取用户需求;其次,利用AHP法对用户需求进行权重分析并计算权重值;最后,根据QFD理论构建施工升降机驾驶室的质量屋,将各项用户需求转化为设计特征,指导设计实践。结果 根据研究结果,提出一种符合驾驶员实际需求的施工升降机驾驶室设计方案。结论 SAPAD理论与QFD理论的综合应用,一方面可以挖掘出用户的核心需求,另一方面增加了设计方案的科学性,在优化施工升降机驾驶室用户体验的同时,也为其他工业产品设计提供了有价值的参考。

基于WSR-IM的装配式预制构件吊装施工安全评价

装配式建筑预制构件吊装施工相较于传统建筑吊装作业的施工安全风险更加具有多样性和复杂性,为准确有效的评估装配式建筑预制构件吊装施工的安全风险状态,识别出关键风险因素,在多因素耦合视角下构建预制构件吊装施工安全事故致因模型。基于施工单位责任视角,首先采用WSR方法论从“物理-事理-人理”三个层面识别并筛选出预制构件吊装施工安全风险影响因素20个,其次利用可以削弱主观因素影响的C-OWA算子构建改进相互作用矩阵进行风险耦合分析,最后用实例验证该方法实用性。结果表明:该项目整体风险等级偏强,项目管理者应该重视预制构件吊装风险的预防和管控,通过采取有效的防御措施,对施工过程中的高权重风险因素进行控制,降低发生重大安全事故的概率。

大跨径刚性悬链桁架桥不带加劲弦顶推施工技术

针对悬链形上加劲连续钢桁梁桥建造,提出不带加劲弦多点同步顶推施工技术,在边跨设置拼装平台,在中跨设置临时墩,分段拼装,顶推钢桁梁,最后吊装合龙加劲弦。在施工中,设置大临结构,以减小钢桁梁的悬臂长度,适应了钢桁梁拼装及顶推装置布置的要求;采用同步控制系统与纠偏装置,解决了多点同步顶推与钢桁梁线性控制的难题;通过有限元仿真分析,验证了顶推过程的可行性;采用落梁法,解决了钢桁主梁合龙及加劲弦合龙的难题。

千万吨级主井高速大载重提升技术研究与应用

以千万吨级“双超”矿山——思山岭铁矿主井提升系统建设为背景,从主井提升系统方案、竖井提升运行安全间隙研究、大型化提升技术装备应用、大型主井井塔布置等方面综合论述了主井提升系统参数确定所开展的研究工作以及设计建设采用的新技术、新装备。思山岭铁矿主井提升系统的建设将对我国类似矿山竖井高速大载重提升系统的建设实施具有较强的标杆示范意义。

多绳摩擦提升机多连杆锁绳装置的设计与优化

针对现有锁绳装置锁绳低效、松绳困难、锁绳力不足等问题,设计出一种能够实现在各种载荷工况(尤其重载)下安全、高效地进行锁绳作业的提升钢丝绳锁紧装置(简称锁紧装置)。使用SolidWorks对锁绳装置进行三维建模,采用ANSYS对锁绳装置进行有限元分析;然后对锁绳装置关键部位第一连杆进行优化设计,采用中间复合材料设计方法获得初始优化数据组,并且使用Kriging模型建立响应面模型;最后采用多目标遗传算法进行优化。优化结果显示:第一连杆变形量减小17.46%,最大等效应力减小16.18%,显著提高了锁绳装置的综合性能,为矿井的安全、高效生产提供了保障。

PLC在螺杆式启闭机预防螺杆压弯保护中的应用

螺杆式启闭机在日常使用下降过程中螺杆被压弯的现象时有发生,其主要原因是水闸门槽或闸室底板有较大坚硬异物一般不易被运行管理人员察觉,若异物没有被及时清理,会导致闸门运行缓慢甚至停滞。现有的保护系统很难做到及时、精准的动作,可能会造成螺杆被不同程度地压弯。通过直接跟踪闸门实时位移速度这一途径,利用PLC快速精准测量速度,并在螺杆启闭机发生异常时及时断电停机,可有效避免上述现象的发生。

海上升压站上部组块运输及吊装全过程监测研究

为研究海上升压站上部组块在海上运输及吊装全过程的倾斜和振动情况,在上部组块一层主立柱安装4台双向倾角仪和4台三向加速度计,并从传感器硬件、数据采集终端、供电系统、监控平台进行监测系统设计,实现了上部组块在运输及吊装全过程的倾斜姿态和振动加速度的实时监测,可为类似上部组块运输和吊装提供较好的借鉴。

錾高水电站工程金属结构布置与设计

錾高水电站为叶尔羌河梯级开发的第二级引水式水电站,金属结构设备数量较多,分布分散,主要介绍錾高水电站工程金属结构的布置、启闭机的选型、闸门的结构设计及埋件设计的思路和方法。目前电站已安全2+a,金属结构设备安全可靠,对后续引水式电站开发建设,有一定的指导意义。