An Analysis of Amazon’s High Turnover Rate

Amazon’s internal and external environments were analyzed using PEST and SWOT models.Taking into account of relevant literature on strategic human resource management(SHRM)and models like the Harvard model and the human resource management/industrial relation(HRM/IR)model,the reasons for Amazon’s employee high turnover rate were analyzed.In this paper,several solutions to this issue are indicated,including improving incentive policies and organizing training.At the end of this paper,my personal experiences and the lessons learned throughout the course are summarized.

Reduced turnover rate of topsoil organic carbon in old-growth forests:a case study in subtropical China

Background:Old-growth forests are irreplaceable with respect to climate change mitigation and have considerable carbon(C)sink potential in soils.However,the relationship between the soil organic carbon(SOC)turnover rate and forest development is poorly understood,which hinders our ability to assess the C sequestration capacity of soil in old-growth forests.Methods:In this study,we evaluated the SOC turnover rate by calculating the isotopic enrichment factor β(defined as the slope of the regression between ^(13)C natural abundance and log-transformed C concentrations)along 0-30 cm soil profiles in three successional forests in subtropical China.A lower β(steeper slope)is associated with a higher turnover rate.The three forests were a 60-year-old P.massoniana forest(PF),a 100-year-old coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest(MF),and a 400-year-old monsoon evergreen broadleaved forest(BF).We also analyzed the soil physicochemical properties in these forests to examine the dynamics of SOC turnover during forest succession and the main regulators.Results:The β value for the upper 30-cm soils in the BF was significantly(p<0.05)higher than that in the PF,in addition to the SOC stock,although there were nonsignificant differences between the BF and MF.The β value was significantly(p<0.05)positively correlated with the soil recalcitrance index,total nitrogen,and available nitrogen contents but was significantly(p<0.01)negatively correlated with soil pH.Conclusions:Our results demonstrate that SOC has lower turnover rates in old-growth forests,accompanied by higher soil chemical recalcitrance,nitrogen status,and lower soil pH.This finding helps to elucidate the mechanism underlying C sequestration in old-growth forest soils,and emphasizes the important value of old-growth forests among global C sinks.

Curative Effect Analysis of Zoledronic Acid in the Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis with Different Bone Turnover Rates

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy of Zoledronic Acid Injection in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis with different bone turnover rates. Methods: A total of 63 patients diagnosed with postmenopausal osteoporosis were included in this study. Each patient was administrated 5 mg/100mL Zoledronic Acid (Aclasta) intravenously once and then given a one-year prescription of 600 mg/d oral Caltrate. The bone turnover parameters (PINP, β-cross, N-MID) were measured prior to the injection of Zoledronic Acid while the bone mineral density (BMD) and the pain scores of each patient were tested before treatment and after the one-year medication. On this basis, the patients were divided into several groups according to their bone turnover rates for intergroup comparison of treatment outcomes. Results: BMD results and pain scores of all participants were significantly improved at different levels after treatment. However, these improvements had no significant differences between the patients with high and low bone turnover rates. Conclusion: Zoledronic Acid Injection can relieve bone pain, enhance the quality of life and increase the BMD in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis, regardless of the bone turnover status.

Chinese medicine practitioner turnover rate and the development of Chinese medicine in Hong Kong,China

Objective:To establish that the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region(HKSAR)government is actively promoting Chinese medicine(CM)and to examine turnover rate of Chinese medicine practitioners(CMPs)in Hong Kong,China in light of this governmental push.Methods:This study covered two major areas:reviewing CM development in Hong Kong,and assessing the turnover rate of CMPs in Hong Kong.The first part of the paper is a historical review.The investigation of turnover rate had two sections.Section 1,quantitative method,involved online questionnaires;Section 2,qualitative method comprised interviews with CMPs from different types of CM clinics to ascertain the reasons for the turnover among CMPs.Results:A total of 123 online questionnaires were received in Section 1(55 from male CMPs;66 from female CMPs;2 respondents were unwilling to disclose their sex).The proportion of CMPs who had resigned in 2018e19 was 22.8%(28),of whom 5.7%(7)had resigned twice in one year.The rates of resignation in 3 years and 5 years were up to 40.7%(50)and 56.9%(70),respectively.Six CMPs were interviewed in Section 2.Young CMPs were more likely to resign than seniors.The large gap between actual salary and expectations appeared to be the main reason for the high rate of resignation.Conclusion:HKSAR government keenly desires to promote CM in Hong Kong,however,high turnover rate of CMPs was detected even under this positive governmental support.There is an urgent need to conduct a more representative study of the reasons for the inclination of CMPs in Hong Kong.The study highlights an important issue in CM development,and these results should remind different stakeholders in the CM industry and the government that CMPs need better career prospects and support in various areas.

The Relationship between the Performance of Listed Companies in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing and Inventory Turnover, Operating Rate

As an important part of the pharmaceutical industry, the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry is always at the battlefield of the international public health and health industry. At the same time, as a basic and strategic sub-industry in China's manufacturing industry, the medical manufacturing industry closely related to people’s livelihood which is not only related to social Responsibility but also plays a key role in China's economy today. For the Chinese people, the new medical reforms and the irreversible aging of the population have increased the nation’s total expenditure on health care. From January to October 2017, the pharmaceutical industry’s main business income was RMB 2,410.29 billion, a year-on-year increase of 13.10%. This is a 4.50 percentage point higher than the 10.30% growth rate in 2016. However, even if the circumstance of this industry is getting better, high growth also has a drag on the national health insurance system and the standard of living of the people. This article chooses to analyze the financial and operating-level factors of China's pharmaceutical manufacturing listed companies such as Inventory turnover rate and operating rate. Study the impact on the performance of China's pharmaceutical manufacturing listed companies. The results of the study will fill gaps in the research of this industry and help pharmaceutical manufacturing listed companies choose the right capital size, liabilities, and expansion strategies, and more effectively absorb the current development dividends of China’s “four new economy”, and use them rationally and effectively. Markets and complex and limited capital and resources of enterprises, as China's industry benchmarks continue to guide the rapid growth of the market. on the other hand, to help investor the empirical point of view better choice of investment targets. This paper uses data from 2007-2016 for randomly selecting 19 companies from 118 medical manufacturing listed companies classified by China Securities Regulatory Commission. After dealing with panel data, multiple inspections are performed on panel data. To avoid the deviation from the actual level of the regression results, the panel-corrected standard deviation model was used to derive the relationship between the operating-level factors of pharmaceutical manufacturing listed companies and their performance. The results of the study indicate that there is a positive correlation between Inventory turnover rate, operating rate and performance, which fills the domestic empirical research on this issue. This area of industry company performance is blank.

提高湖羊圈养空间利用率的建模方案优化设计

为提高湖羊圈养的空间利用率,采用分期分批连续方式安排交配,根据交配期、怀孕期、哺乳期、休整期、育肥期等5个阶段的期长、容量、流转倍率等参数值,建立各期羊栏需求数的计算模型。针对养殖场现有的羊栏规格,经试算搜索得到其羊只的最佳流转速度,由此编制具体的生产方案,使得年化出栏羊只数量达到最大。继而针对5项不确定因素,构建参数重新选定的计算公式,并在合理范围内,调整哺乳期和空怀期时长,得到多种备选方案,再通过分层次计算比较各方案的期望损失,确定最优方案。

护士职业妥协现状及影响因素分析

目的 探索护士职业妥协现状及影响因素,为采取降低护士职业妥协的干预措施提供参考。方法 采用便利抽样法,选取江苏省5所医院786名护士作为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、职业妥协量表、精神型领导量表、护士职业认同感评定量表和资质过剩感量表进行调查。结果 护士职业妥协得分为(40.15±6.04)分;职业妥协与精神型领导、职业认同呈负相关,与资质过剩感呈正相关(均P<0.05);线性回归分析结果显示,年龄、学历、月收入、精神型领导、职业认同及资质过剩感是护士职业妥协的主要影响因素,共解释职业妥协变异的50.4%。结论 护士职业妥协处于较高水平,影响因素较多。护理管理者应采取多种有效措施帮助护士降低职业妥协水平,进一步促进护理队伍稳定和发展。

基于药品库存管理的信息系统改造及应用

随着国家经济发展居民城镇化水平提升,加之各类疾病和新冠疫情的影响,患者大量涌入医院,各类医疗物资,特别是药品的供应保障工作成为医院重点。文章旨在结合临床实际利用信息化手段改造药品库存管理模块,对改进前后相关指标进行分析,实现降本增效的精细化管理。

高寒草甸矮生嵩草种群根系周转率沿土壤水分梯度的变化

根系周转率可以衡量植物根系的更新能力,对土壤含水率变化的响应敏感。在藏东南东达山高寒草甸选择5个土壤水分梯度设置样地,第Ⅰ、Ⅱ土壤水分梯度为湿润生境(土壤含水率>25%),第Ⅲ~Ⅴ土壤水分梯度为干旱生境(土壤含水率<25%)。分别于2017年与2021年取样,分析矮生嵩草(Kobresia humilis)种群根系周转率在生境干旱化过程中的动态。结果表明:1)随土壤含水率的降低,种群盖度显著下降(P<0.05),地下芽库密度在各土壤水分梯度间差异显著(P<0.05),但与土壤含水率之间的相关性不显著(P>0.05);湿润生境中,两个年度根系生物量的季节动态变化一致,而干旱生境的季节动态变化无规律。2)两个年度根系净增长量、周转率均与土壤含水率极显著正相关(P<0.01),干旱生境中根系周转率年际差异显著(P<0.05)。3)根系主要由细根(直径≤1 mm)组成,在各土壤水分梯度的占比均大于80%,所占比例与土壤含水率显著正相关(P<0.05),细根周转率显著大于粗根(直径>1 mm)(P<0.05)。4)根系周转率与种群盖度显著正相关,根系周转率年际差异与盖度年际差异、地下芽库密度显著负相关(P<0.05)。生境干旱化过程中,矮生嵩草根系更新能力减弱,且根系生物量季节动态、周转率在年际间的差异增大,这种波动不利于种群的生长与更新,干旱胁迫使植物种群稳定性存在下降的风险。

湖南浏阳大围山繁殖期鸟类物种多样性的动态分析

繁殖期是鸟类生活史的重要阶段,掌握繁殖期鸟类的物种多样性及其种群动态对鸟类保护具有重要意义。2016—2020年,采用样线法在湖南浏阳大围山于每年5月和7月分别开展1次系统的鸟类物种多样性调查。期间共记录到鸟类100种,隶属于10目38科。其中,留鸟73种、夏候鸟22种、冬候鸟2种、旅鸟3种;国家一级重点保护鸟类有1种,即白颈长尾雉(Syrmaticus ellioti),国家二级重点保护鸟类有白鹇(Lophura nycthemera)、黑冠鹃隼(Aviceda leuphotes)、红嘴相思鸟(Leiothrix lutea)等12种。2016—2020年依次记录到鸟类64种、68种、63种、56种和57种。鸟类群落的Shannon-Wiener指数在2018年最高(3.421),在2020年最低(3.062)。年际间鸟类物种组成周转率呈逐年上升趋势,依次为77.27%、81.68%、84.87%和94.69%。调查期内5月的鸟类群落各项多样性指数均值略高于7月。常绿-落叶阔叶混交林、针阔混交林、常绿阔叶林和灌丛是大围山繁殖鸟类最主要的生境,其中常绿-落叶阔叶混交林鸟类群落的Shannon-Wiener指数(2.943±0.146)和Pielou指数(0.850±0.020)均最高。结果表明,大围山繁殖鸟类资源丰富且物种多样性较高,但鸟类群落物种组成周转率较高,鸟类物种多样性的动态变化波动较大,并表现出一定的下降趋势,需引起当地野生动物管理部门的重视。

不同种类草坪对土壤微生物量和活性有机碳的影响

人工草坪具有防止水土流失、美化环境、配置景观、提供户外休闲活动场所和改善区域生态环境等多种功能。为探究不同种类草坪对土壤微生物量和活性有机碳的影响,本研究以常见的狗牙根等6种草坪草为试验材料,设置保持自然状态和人工去杂2个试验处理,连续管理养护5年后采集0~10 cm表层土,测定其土壤全碳和全氮含量、土壤微生物碳和氮含量、土壤活性有机碳含量及其转化率6组数据。结果表明,保持自然状态试验处理中野牛草、多年生黑麦草和白花三叶草3种草坪中上述6组数据均达到最大值,均值分别为50.00 g/kg、7.00 g/kg、1.90 g/kg、0.40 g/kg、5.70 g/kg和0.65/cycle;狗牙根草坪上述6组数据均最小。说明野牛草、多年生黑麦草和白花三叶草3种草坪对土壤微生物量和活性有机碳的影响较大,匍匐翦股颖和高羊茅次之,狗牙根最小。同一种试验材料,保持自然状态试验处理的上述6组数据均明显高于人工去杂试验处理的。野牛草、多年生黑麦草和白花三叶草3种草坪对上述6组数据的影响大部分达到了统计学上的显著水平。因此,草坪建设者和管理者应根据不同种类草坪草的植物学特性,结合当地气候因子和土壤条件、草坪使用目的来选择合适的草坪草,以保证草坪质量和提高草坪使用效率的同时,促进其地下土壤生态系统的健康发展。

大型综合医院支气管镜集中租赁管理模式对设备周转率的影响

目的改善支气管镜周转慢、维修周期长的现状,在不增加支气管镜设备数量的前提下,解决临床支气管镜短缺的问题。方法以全院共用的支气管镜为研究对象,建立支气管镜租赁中心,在原消毒供应追溯系统中增加租赁计费及设备故障维修保养模块,以此优化信息化管理平台,改善支气管镜周转问题。对支气管镜使用周转率、平均使用时长、延迟归还率以及维修时间等指标进行统计分析。结果实行租赁模式后,使用科室由原来5大科室10个护理单元,增加至8大科室13个护理单元;电子支气管镜的使用次数增加,纤维支气管镜次数下降,总体支气管镜使用周转率由33.42%提升至40.00%。平均单次使用时长由最长279 min缩短至最短127 min,延迟归还率由45.53%降至11.33%,单次维修维修时长从41.6 d缩短至12.5 d。结论支气管镜的集中租赁管理模式有助于缩短单次平均使用时长,降低延迟归还率,增加使用次数,提升设备周转率,保障临床设备供应,为提高诊疗质量提供保障。

基于随机森林的大型公共建筑能耗混合预测模型

针对公共建筑能耗预测模型中影响变量相关性低、冗余性高的问题,提出了基于二氧化碳浓度的公共建筑人员流动率间接测量方法,以提高模型的预测精度,并提出了一种大型公共建筑能耗混合预测模型。首先利用LASSO变量选择算法筛选出与公共建筑能耗相关性高的影响因素,再引入改进的并行排序蚁群优化算法对随机森林预测模型的参数进行优化,进一步提高预测性能。最后,以西安某公共建筑监测数据为例进行预测分析。结果表明,人员流动率对公共建筑能耗预测有着重要的影响,所提模型的泛化能力强、预测精度高,可以为公共建筑节能优化提供有效的数据支撑。

一种基于库存绩效的航空消耗备件分类方法

航空消耗备件需求量大、缺货成本难以计算及获取不易等特性导致大量的在库库存,影响航空企业的库存周转率和总成本,不利于保持企业资产结构的流动性,阻碍效益的提高。由于传统定量分类方法无法基于库存绩效对备件进行全方面的分类,文中提出一种同时考虑备件年使用价值和库存信息的航空消耗备件分类方法。首先,基于需求数据及管理要求以(S-1,S)策略参数作为分类指标;其次,采用内生加权模型将其与年使用价值相结合,建立以库存绩效为优化目标的航空消耗备件分类模型;最后,以某航空企业实际备件数据为例对文中方法进行验证。结果表明:该分类方法能够在满足服务水平约束下降低平均库存,显著提高备件周转率和降低总成本,达到优化库存绩效的效果,且订购成本的降低和持有成本占备件价格比例的提高或是服务水平的降低都会增强分类方法的效果。

员工离职行为对企业组织绩效的影响

员工离职行为影响企业组织绩效,对企业管理有影响。现有研究结果表明:员工离职行为对企业组织绩效有负面影响;有正面影响,未达成一致。本研究旨在通过实证分析探讨员工离职行为对企业组织绩效的影响。本研究采用固定效应的回归方法对中国A股上市公司2011—2020年的数据进行实证分析。研究结果表明,员工离职行为对企业组织绩效的影响呈负显著影响。其中,在员工离职行为对企业组织绩效影响中,国有企业和企业生命周期起负向显著调节作用。本研究丰富了员工离职行为对企业组织绩效影响的理论机制,对促进企业管理具有一定的参考价值。

中华绒螯蟹幼蟹碳稳定同位素周转速率与碳、氮分馏系数的测定

为测定生长与新陈代谢对不同规格中华绒螯蟹幼蟹和不同组织碳稳定同位素周转速率的影响及分馏系数,本实验在水族箱(0.2 m×0.2 m×0.3 m)中分别养殖EA组[(4.0 g±0.5) g]和EB组[(15.5 g±0.5) g]2组中华绒螯蟹幼蟹,分别于0、7、14、21和28 d时采集幼蟹的肝胰腺、肌肉和鳃组织,探究其碳稳定同位素周转过程,并测定了幼蟹对食物碳、氮稳定同位素的分馏系数。结果显示,EA组幼蟹碳稳定同位素的周转速率大于EB组,周转速率随着幼蟹规格的增大而减小。幼蟹肝胰腺的周转速率最快,其次是肌肉,最后是鳃,其中EA组幼蟹肝胰腺、肌肉和鳃的半衰期分别为20.88、29.37和34.14 d,EB组分别为21.73、35.18和66.01 d。新陈代谢是驱动幼蟹体内碳稳定同位素周转的主要因子,幼蟹肝胰腺、鳃和肌肉中新陈代谢占碳稳定同位素周转的贡献百分比分别为79.82%~94.04%、67.00%~81.90%和71.61%~90.36%。幼蟹对饵料碳、氮稳定同位素的分馏系数分别为0.98‰±0.19‰和3.01‰±0.02‰。本研究不仅对中华绒螯蟹幼蟹的营养生态学研究提供参考,还为中华绒螯蟹养殖过程中的饵料选择提供了科学依据。

应用品管圈活动管理模式提高药品库存周转率

目的探讨应用品管圈(QCC)活动管理模式后对该院药品库存周转率的管理效果,分析药品库存周转率低的原因并找出对策。方法将2019年1月~2019年12月每月的药品库存周转率作为对策实施前组,将2020年1月~2020年12月每月的药品库存周转率作为对策实施后组。比较QCC活动管理模式应用前后药品库存周转率的改进情况。结果药品库存周转率从2019年的平均数据1.07提高至2020年的2.27,目标达成率129.03%,进步率112.15%,且符合评审标准。对策实施后,药品库存周转天数显著小于对策实施前天数(P<0.05)。结论经过QCC质控小组活动,药品库存周转率持续≥2,减少药品库存占用的资金,降低管理成本,药品管理模式更精细化,进一步健全完善质量管理体系。

模块化高适应性临时围挡设计及应用

为响应“十四五”建筑节能与绿色建筑发展规划中“鼓励发展性能优良的预制构件和部品部件”的要求,针对建筑工地围墙多年来一直沿用传统砖砌围墙的问题,提出了新型模块化高适应性临时围挡,以满足低碳绿色节能要求。通过引入装配式理念,设计了新型模块化高适应性临时围挡,充分体现了临时围挡加工、制作和安装的模块化。以实例从成本、工期等方面进行详细比对,该围挡具有成本低、施工速度快、周转率高、机动性强的特点,具有广阔的应用前景。

药房功能模块优化在基层医院药事管理中的应用

目的研究药房功能模块优化在基层医院药事管理中的应用效果。方法康美医院药房(含药库)于2021年3月起实施药房功能模块优化,选取2020年3月至2021年2月康美医院门诊部和住院部用药量最高的10种药物并作为优化前组,选取2021年3月至2022年2月康美医院门诊部和住院部用药量最高的10种药物(药物种类同优化前组)并作为优化后组。优化前组采用以配方发药为中心、内部管理为中介的被动式服务的药品管理模式,优化后组采用药房功能模块优化。比较两组的库存周转率、非计划领用次数、药品周转天数、药品调剂时间、盘点时间和损耗等。结果优化后组的库存周转率为(8.76±1.34)%,高于优化前组的(3.34±0.85)%,非计划领用次数为(2.59±0.98)次,少于优化前组的(4.18±1.22)次,优化后组的药品周转天数为(6.55±1.64)d,药品调剂时间为(9.23±4.10)min,盘点时间为(2.77±1.03)h,均短于优化前组的(8.37±2.07)d、(16.41±5.28)min、(3.90±1.14)h,药品损耗次数为(12.58±2.06)次,少于优化前组的(19.52±4.87)次,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论药房功能模块优化后,可提高药房的库存周转率,减少耗损及非计划领用次数,缩短药品周转天数、药品调剂时间及盘点时间,可提医院药事管理水平,使医院药房管理更加合理化。

PDCA循环在提升心电监护仪调配周转率中的应用

为了通过PDCA循环提升心电监护仪的调配周转率,本研究运用鱼骨图和柏拉图分析总结心电监护仪调配周转率低的要因,并针对要因提出相应对策。实施后,心电监护仪调配周转率由11.83%提高至22.72%,增加92.05%。验证了PDCA循环可明显提升心电监护仪的调配周转率。