Objectives: EM physicians may be biased in seeing patients presenting with nonspecific complaints or requiring more extensive work-ups. The goal of our study was to ascertain if chief complaint affected time to be see...Objectives: EM physicians may be biased in seeing patients presenting with nonspecific complaints or requiring more extensive work-ups. The goal of our study was to ascertain if chief complaint affected time to be seen (TTBS) in the ED. Methods: A retrospective report was generated from the EMR for all moderate acuity patients who visited the ED from January 2005 to December 2010 at a large urban teaching hospital. Abdominal pain, alcohol intoxication, back pain, chest pain, cough, dyspnea, dizziness, fall, fever, flank pain, headache, infection, pain (nonspecific), psychiatric evaluation, “sent by MD”, vaginal bleeding, vomiting, and weakness were the most common complaints. Non-Parametric Independent Sample Tests assessed median TTBS between complaints, gender, and age. Chisquare testing assessed for differences in the distribution of arrival times. Results: We obtained data from 116,194 patients. Patients presenting with weakness and dizziness waited the longest time of 35 minutes and patients with flank pain waited the shortest with 24 minutes. Males waited 30 minutes and females waited 32 minutes. Younger females between the ages of 18 - 50 waited significantly longer when presenting with a chief complaint of abdominal pain, chest pain, or flank pain. There was no difference in the distribution of arrival times for these complaints. Conclusion: There is a significant bias toward seeing young male patients more quickly than women or older males. Patients might benefit from efforts to educate EM physicians on the delays and potential quality issues associated with this bias in an attempt to move toward more egalitarian patient selection.展开更多
在生产实践中,淤泥质土不易取样、制样,很难获得较多的参数。通过对淤泥质土进行多级三轴试验,探讨了多级三轴试验在实际操作中的可行性及多级三轴试验中应注意的关键问题。在多级三轴试验中,级差应控制在30 k Pa,级数为3级,固结时间依...在生产实践中,淤泥质土不易取样、制样,很难获得较多的参数。通过对淤泥质土进行多级三轴试验,探讨了多级三轴试验在实际操作中的可行性及多级三轴试验中应注意的关键问题。在多级三轴试验中,级差应控制在30 k Pa,级数为3级,固结时间依次为10 min和20 min。破坏标准:第1级破坏标准为轴向应变达到12%和轴向压力稳定两者的先发生者;第2级和第3级破坏标准均为轴向压力稳定。通过试验证明淤泥质土的多级三轴试验克服了淤泥质土取样、制样的困难,获得的参数黏聚力略大,内摩擦角略小,但其结果仍在合理范围之内,未发生较大的偏差,经过修正可以有效地进行使用。该方法具有较好的应用前景,是一种经济可行的试验方法。展开更多
文摘Objectives: EM physicians may be biased in seeing patients presenting with nonspecific complaints or requiring more extensive work-ups. The goal of our study was to ascertain if chief complaint affected time to be seen (TTBS) in the ED. Methods: A retrospective report was generated from the EMR for all moderate acuity patients who visited the ED from January 2005 to December 2010 at a large urban teaching hospital. Abdominal pain, alcohol intoxication, back pain, chest pain, cough, dyspnea, dizziness, fall, fever, flank pain, headache, infection, pain (nonspecific), psychiatric evaluation, “sent by MD”, vaginal bleeding, vomiting, and weakness were the most common complaints. Non-Parametric Independent Sample Tests assessed median TTBS between complaints, gender, and age. Chisquare testing assessed for differences in the distribution of arrival times. Results: We obtained data from 116,194 patients. Patients presenting with weakness and dizziness waited the longest time of 35 minutes and patients with flank pain waited the shortest with 24 minutes. Males waited 30 minutes and females waited 32 minutes. Younger females between the ages of 18 - 50 waited significantly longer when presenting with a chief complaint of abdominal pain, chest pain, or flank pain. There was no difference in the distribution of arrival times for these complaints. Conclusion: There is a significant bias toward seeing young male patients more quickly than women or older males. Patients might benefit from efforts to educate EM physicians on the delays and potential quality issues associated with this bias in an attempt to move toward more egalitarian patient selection.
文摘在生产实践中,淤泥质土不易取样、制样,很难获得较多的参数。通过对淤泥质土进行多级三轴试验,探讨了多级三轴试验在实际操作中的可行性及多级三轴试验中应注意的关键问题。在多级三轴试验中,级差应控制在30 k Pa,级数为3级,固结时间依次为10 min和20 min。破坏标准:第1级破坏标准为轴向应变达到12%和轴向压力稳定两者的先发生者;第2级和第3级破坏标准均为轴向压力稳定。通过试验证明淤泥质土的多级三轴试验克服了淤泥质土取样、制样的困难,获得的参数黏聚力略大,内摩擦角略小,但其结果仍在合理范围之内,未发生较大的偏差,经过修正可以有效地进行使用。该方法具有较好的应用前景,是一种经济可行的试验方法。
