Constructions and Applied Examinations of a Kind of Square-Conservative Schemes in High Precision in the Time Direction

In order to meet the needs of work in numerical weather forecast and in numerical simulations for climate change and ocean current, a kind of difference scheme in high precision in the time direction developed from the completely square-conservative difference scheme in explicit way is built by means of the Taylor expansion. A numerical test with 4-wave Rossby-Haurwitz waves on them and an application of them on the monthly mean current the of South China Sea are carried out, from which, it is found that not only do the new schemes have high harmony and approximate precision but also can the time step of the schemes be lengthened and can much computational time be saved. Therefore, they are worth generalizing and applying.

The Existence and Uniqueness of a New Boundary Value Problem(Type of Problem“E”)for a Class of Semi Linear(Power Type Nonlinearities)Mixed Hyperbolic-Elliptic System Equations of Keldysh Type with Changing Time Direction

In present work studied the new boundary value problem for semi linear(Power-type nonlinearities)system equations of mixed hyperbolic-elliptic Keldysh type in the multivariate dimension with the changing time direction.Considered problem and equation belongs to the modern level partial differential equations.Applying methods of functional analysis,topological methods,“ε”-regularizing.and continuation by the parameter at the same time with aid of a prior estimates,under assumptions conditions on coefficients of equations of system,the existence and uniqueness of generalized and regular solutions of a boundary problem are established in a weighted Sobolev's space.In this work one of main idea consists of show that the new boundary value problem which investigated in case of linear system equations can be well-posed when added nonlinear terms to this linear system equations,moreover in this case constructed new weithged spaces,the identity between of strong and weak solutions is established.

Hopf bifurcation analysis of Chen circuit with direct time delay feedback

Direct time delay feedback can make non-chaotic Chen circuit chaotic. The chaotic Chen circuit with direct time delay feedback possesses rich and complex dynamical behaviours. To reach a deep and clear understanding of the dynamics of such circuits described by delay differential equations, Hopf bifurcation in the circuit is analysed using the Hopf bifurcation theory and the central manifold theorem in this paper. Bifurcation points and bifurcation directions are derived in detail, which prove to be consistent with the previous bifurcation diagram. Numerical simulations and experimental results are given to verify the theoretical analysis. Hopf bifurcation analysis can explain and predict the periodical orbit （oscillation） in Chen circuit with direct time delay feedback. Bifurcation boundaries are derived using the Hopf bifurcation analysis, which will be helpful for determining the parameters in the stabilisation of the originally chaotic circuit.

Differential quadrature time element method for structural dynamics

An accurate and efficient differential quadrature time element method （DQTEM） is proposed for solving ordi- nary differential equations （ODEs）, the numerical dissipation and dispersion of DQTEM is much smaller than that of the direct integration method of single/multi steps. Two methods of imposing initial conditions are given, which avoids the tediousness when derivative initial conditions are imposed, and the numerical comparisons indicate that the first method, in which the analog equations of initial displacements and velocities are used to directly replace the differential quadra- ture （DQ） analog equations of ODEs at the first and the last sampling points, respectively, is much more accurate than the second method, in which the DQ analog equations of initial conditions are used to directly replace the DQ analog equations of ODEs at the first two sampling points. On the contrary to the conventional step-by-step direct integration schemes, the solutions at all sampling points can be obtained simultaneously by DQTEM, and generally, one differential quadrature time element may be enough for the whole time domain. Extensive numerical comparisons validate the effi- ciency and accuracy of the proposed method.

Numerical investigation of influence of wave directionality on the water resonance at a narrow gap between two rectangular barges

A three-dimensional time-domain potential flow model with second-order nonlinearity was applied to simulate the wave resonance in a gap between two side-by-side rectangular barges. In the model, the velocity potential was decomposed into the incident potential and unknown scattered potential which was obtained by solving the boundary integral equation. The fourth-order predict-correct method was applied to enforce the free surface conditions in the time integration. The influence of the wave direction on the first and second-order gap surface elevations was investigated. The results reveal that the incident wave angle does not affect the resonant wave frequency and the maximum surface elevation at resonance always occurs at the middle location along the gap. However, the corresponding maximum wave surface elevation at resonance varies with the incident wave angle. The location of the maximum wave elevation shifts either upstream or downstream along the gap, depending on the relative magnitude of incident wave frequency to the resonant frequency.

热辐射方向性测量中的时间效应模拟

由于测量仪器的限制,热辐射方向性测量很难直接获得瞬时方向亮温分布,耗时较长,存在明显的时间效应。目前通常采用线性近似方法纠正,但是无法进行定量误差分析。以冬小麦为例,结合小气候模型CUPID和计算机真实结构模型RGM模拟测量过程中的组分温度和方向亮温变化,对采用线性近似算法进行时间效应纠正的误差进行了评估。结果表明,采用线性近似纠正可以满足测量要求,纠正误差(RMSE)小于0.3K。通过相关性分析得出结论:组分温度时间差异是方向亮温时间差异的主要影响因素。

宾川地震信号发射台气枪震源能量激发方向性初步研究

为研究气枪震源特征,2017-02云南省地震局在宾川地震信号发射台附近沿半径0.5km和1.7km架设了两条环形地震仪测线,开展不同工况下气枪的密集激发实验,利用环形测线上接收到的气枪信号,研究信号的持续时间、能量、时频谱面积随台站方位角的变化特征。结果表明:1)不同方位角上气枪信号差异明显,肉眼可见;2)4支气枪组成的气枪阵列发射的地震波的辐射花样优势方位为NE、SE、SW和NW,沿方位角具有约90°的周期,单支气枪的优势方位为NE、SW和NW;3)辐射花样具有优势方位的成因是高压气体喷射具有方向性、气泡与井壁之间的耦合等;4)水域台站接收到的信号能量损失更小,时频谱更光滑。

意象性思维特点简析

意象性思维与形象思维和逻辑思维相比较,既相通又有区别。从创作实践考查,意象性思维活动不是盲目而总是围绕着一个始发点或中心点展开的,以此组合和呈现的意象与意象之间的关系也同样有其内在的秩序和规律——尽管这种组合和呈现的秩序有时是反逻辑的。进一步从现象学的意向性理论来分析,意象性思维作为一种独特的意识活动,其指向性和内时间性特征也在作品的意象组合中有着充分的体现。当然,借助禅宗慧能"无念、无相、无住"的心性学说,无疑更能深化对意象性思维念念相续和相渗相融特点的认识。

短时氧化对定向凝固高温合金不同取向腐蚀性能的影响

为了研究定向凝固高温合金不同取向氧化前后的常温腐蚀性能,选择镍基高温合金DZ125和钴基高温合金DZ40M在1050℃下进行不同时间的短时氧化,研究合金不同取向的氧化行为;对氧化前后合金在3.5%NaCl溶液中进行电化学实验,研究氧化对定向凝固高温合金不同取向常温腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:定向凝固高温合金晶界或亚晶界附近容易发生局部腐蚀,纵截面晶界和亚晶界面积分数小,因此耐蚀性优于横截面;与合金横截面相比,纵截面晶界结构不利于扩散,故其氧化速率小于横截面;短时氧化后在合金表面生成分层结构的氧化物,对合金起到保护作用,一定程度上提高耐蚀性。

Emerging frontier technologies for food safety analysis and risk assessment

Access to security and safe food is a basic human necessity and essential for a sustainable world. To perform hi-end rood safety analysis and risk assessment with state of the art technologies is of utmost importance thereof. With applications as exemplified by microfiuidic immunoassay, aptasensor, direct analysis in real time, high resolution mass spectrometry, benchmark dose and chemical specific adjustment factor, this review presents frontier food safety analysis and risk assessment technologies, from which both food quality and public health will benefit undoubtedly in a foreseeable future.

飞雕太阳能收集与高温储能技术装置制作

太阳能热开发利用中有三个需要同时解决的问题:精确简洁地自动跟踪太阳,实时以最大面积采光;将收集到的太阳能转移到固定的地方;实现高温高效的储存或利用。目前的太阳灶或太阳能热发电系统都是在其中某个问题上存在较大的缺陷。为此设计并试制了装置:通过自动跟踪系统分别对太阳的两个运动方向进行相对独立的精确简洁的跟踪,实现凹面镜保持实时以最大采光面积采光;利用光能传输管在系统跟踪太阳的同时定向输出光能;最终光能在储热容器中转换为热能进行高温储存或利用。根据样机的制作结果及试验,该装置可同时有效解决上述三个问题,集成了太阳灶与太阳能热水器的功能,也可用于规模化的太阳能热发电。

新型太阳能收集与储存装置——适时跟踪太阳且定向输出光能的太阳能收集与高温储能技术

此装置能对太阳的运动自动进行跟踪,使凹面镜保持实时最大采光面积;利用光能传输管定向输出光能并存储在热容器中转换为热能供利用。此装置集成了太阳灶与太阳能热水器的功能,也可用于规模化的太阳能热发电。

Distributed adaptive direct position determination based on diffusion framework

The conventional direct position determination（DPD） algorithm processes all received signals on a single sensor.When sensors have limited computational capabilities or energy storage,it is desirable to distribute the computation among other sensors.A distributed adaptive DPD（DADPD）algorithm based on diffusion framework is proposed for emitter localization.Unlike the corresponding centralized adaptive DPD（CADPD） algorithm,all but one sensor in the proposed algorithm participate in processing the received signals and estimating the common emitter position,respectively.The computational load and energy consumption on a single sensor in the CADPD algorithm is distributed among other computing sensors in a balanced manner.Exactly the same iterative localization algorithm is carried out in each computing sensor,respectively,and the algorithm in each computing sensor exhibits quite similar convergence behavior.The difference of the localization and tracking performance between the proposed distributed algorithm and the corresponding CADPD algorithm is negligible through simulation evaluations.

An efficient time-integration method for nonlinear dynamic analysis of solids and structures

This paper presents an efficient time-integration method for obtaining reliable solutions to the second-order nonlinear dynamic problems in structural engineering. This method employs both the backward-acceleration differentiation formula and the trapezoidal rule, resulting in a self-starting, single step, second-order accurate algorithm. With the same computational effort as the trapezoidal rule, the proposed method remains stable in large deformation and long time range solutions even when the trapezoidal rule fails. Meanwhile, the proposed method has the following characteristics: (1) it is applicable to linear as well as general nonlinear analyses; (2) it does not involve additional variables (e.g. Lagrange multipliers) and artificial parameters; (3) it is a single-solver algorithm at the discrete time points with symmetric effective stiffness matrix and effective load vectors; and (4) it is easy to implement in an existing computational software. Some numerical results indicate that the proposed method is a powerful tool with some notable features for practical nonlinear dynamic analyses.

Real-time trajectory planning for UCAV air-to-surface attack using inverse dynamics optimization method and receding horizon control

This paper presents a computationally efficient real-time trajectory planning framework for typical unmanned combat aerial vehicle （UCAV） performing autonomous air-to-surface （A/S） attack. It combines the benefits of inverse dynamics optimization method and receding horizon optimal control technique. Firstly, the ground attack trajectory planning problem is mathematically formulated as a receding horizon optimal control problem （RHC-OCP）. In particular, an approximate elliptic launch acceptable region （LAR） model is proposed to model the critical weapon delivery constraints. Secondly, a planning algorithm based on inverse dynamics optimization, which has high computational efficiency and good convergence properties, is developed to solve the RHCOCP in real-time. Thirdly, in order to improve robustness and adaptivity in a dynamic and uncer- tain environment, a two-degree-of-freedom （2-DOF） receding horizon control architecture is introduced and a regular real-time update strategy is proposed as well, and the real-time feedback can be achieved and the not-converged situations can be handled. Finally, numerical simulations demon- strate the efficiency of this framework, and the results also show that the presented technique is well suited for real-time implementation in dynamic and uncertain environment.

Combination of Solid-Phase Micro-Extraction and Direct Analysis in Real Time-Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry for Sensitive and Rapid Analysis of 15 Phthalate Plasticizers in Beverages

A method for rapid identification and quantification of phthalate plasticizers in beverages was developed.A number of 15 phthalate plasticizers which covered all the phthalates concerned in the US Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act(CPSIA),European Union legislations and Chinese national standards(GB)were analyzed.By a combined solid-phase micro-extraction(SPME)and direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry(DART-MS)approach,phthalates at sub-ng•mL^(−1)levels can be qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed in a short time.The use of ultrahigh-resolving power and the accurate mass measurement capacity naturally provided by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FT-ICR-MS)minimizes the matrix interferences and thus enables the evaluation of phthalates in a complex matrix without extensive sample handlings or preparations.The limits of quantification(LOQs)were estimated to be at 0.3-5.0 ng•mL^(−1),lower than the Maximum Residue Limit(MRL)regulated by the European Union legislations(2007/19/EC)in foods,beverages,food packaging and toys(0.3-30 ng•mL^(−1)).This rapid and easy-to-use SPME-DART-FT-ICR-MS method provided a relatively high-throughput and powerful analytical approach for quick testing and screening phthalates in beverages and water samples to ensure food safety.

Rapid Screening of Nine Illicit Drugs in Human Blood and Urine by Direct Analysis in Real‑Time Mass Spectrometry

We aimed to establish for the rapid detection of morphine,O6‑monoacetylmorphine,heroin,codeine,cocaine,methamphetamine,ketamine,methadone,and dolantin in human blood and urine by direct analysis in real‑time coupled with tandem mass spectrometry(DART‑MS/MS).These samples were extracted by acetonitrile‑methanol(V/V=4:1),using DART 12 Dip‑it automatic sampling system.They were injected at 400℃,and analyzed by positive ion and multiple reaction monitoring mode.The detection limits of morphine,O6‑Monoacetylmorphine,heroin,codeine,cocaine,methamphetamine,ketamine,methadone,and dolantin were 100,50,50,100,20,20,10,1,and 0.01 ng/mL,respectively.The practical cases contained methamphetamine,codeine,cocaine,and O6‑monoacetylmorphine were detected accurately and rapidly.The method has the advantages of high sensitivity and good accuracy.The sample processing is simple and can be analyzed in a short time.This method is suitable for the analysis of morphine,O6‑monoacetylmorphine,heroin,codeine,cocaine,methamphetamine,ketamine,methadone,and dolantin in some practical cases.

南堡凹陷1号构造断层垂向封闭能力定量评价

通过对断裂带内部结构及其特征研究发现,断层岩是断层构成的重要部分,断层垂向封闭能力的强弱关键取决于油气运移方向断层岩与下伏储层岩石的排替压力差.若断层岩排替压力大于等于储层岩石,断层垂向封闭,其封闭能力的大小取决于二者排替压力差值的大小,差值越大,断层垂向封闭能力越强;反之断层垂向开启.断层岩的排替压力大小受泥质含量、压实成岩程度、岩石结构方向性等因素的影响,其泥质含量越高、压实成岩程度越大、断面方向与铅直方向夹角越小,断层岩排替压力越大.基于断层垂向封闭机理及影响因素,综合实验室不同角度泥岩样品排替压力测试结果与岩石力学分解关系,在确定与目标点断层岩具有相同压实成岩程度围岩地层的基础上,建立了一套定量评价断层垂向封闭能力的方法,并将其应用于渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷1号构造内典型断层垂向封闭能力评价中,结果表明:f1断层在不同测线处的断-储排替压力差为-0.114~1.035 MPa,除L7~L11测线处其他测线内断层岩排替压力均大于储层岩石,断层垂向封闭,与油气分布吻合关系较好.通过与未考虑岩石结构方向性方法的比较,证实该方法具有更好的可行性和更高的可信度.

天然林林下地表热辐射方向性观测

热辐射方向性是影响地表温度反演精度的关键因素之一。为深入了解森林地表的热辐射方向性特征,探索林下地表的热辐射方向性规律,在夏秋两季分别用FLIR i7和T420热像仪对东北天然林下草本植被与部分裸露土壤的亮度温度进行了多角度观测和分析,采用线性近似方法对获取的方向亮温进行纠正。结果表明:(1)林下地表具有较为明显的热辐射方向性,并与地表结构有关;(2)夏季地表由植被和小部分裸露土壤组成,冠层密度大,不同天顶角观测的亮温差异较小,平均为1—1.5℃,10:30 am观测亮温最高值在东方向天顶角40°位置(太阳天顶角30.5°±0.5°,方位角149°±1°),而14:30 pm在西方向天顶角40°左右(太阳天顶角为43.5°±1.5°,方位角247.5°±1.5°);(3)秋季地表大部分为10 cm厚的枯落物,不同天顶角观测差异较夏季大1℃左右,最高亮温则均位于天顶角50°,10:30 am位于东方向(太阳天顶角为57.5°±0.5°,方位角169°±2°),14:30 pm位于西方向(太阳天顶角为73°±1°,方位角231°±1°)。(4)林龄对于林下地表的热辐射方向性有一定影响,但季节性影响更显著。因此,林下地表的热辐射方向性对遥感像元尺度亮度温度的方向性有贡献,在以后的研究中应该予以考虑。

Application of Spectra Accuracy for Analysis of Organic Explosive: 2,4,6‑trinitrotoluene by AccuTOF‑DART

This paper,through mass spectrometric(MS)analysis for nitro compound explosives on a direct analysis in a real‑time time‑of‑flight MS,indicates that even on a high‑resolution MS with accurate mass measurement capabilities,there is no guarantee to obtain the unique molecular formula of a compound.By calculating spectra accuracy,highly accurate isotope pattern matching can be conducted to significantly improve performance of compound confirmation or identification.