An Algorithm to Estimate Time Offset between Measurement Devices

This paper analyzes the necessity of the measurement of one-way delay, and it also points out the errors caused by the time offset between measurement devices. Then we propose an algorithm to estimate time offset between measurement devices in network. With the estimated time offset, we can correct our measuring results. Simulation shows the effectiveness of our algorithm.

Analysis and application of pseudo-offset method in the converted-wave prestack time migration

伪偏移量移植(POM ) 是为在相等偏移量的移植(EOM ) 上改善的变换波浪的 prestack 时间移植的一个新方法。印射 POM 比 EOM 不同，但是二个方法的目的是印射到普通变换的样品散布的输入点(CCSP ) 集合。这篇论文为 POM 和 EOM 介绍二个迁居方法和模型参数敏感测试的原则。逍遥法外 offset-to-depth 比率夸张近似，三术语的近似和双方形的根(数据设置就绪) 方程习惯于 NMO 正确获得更精确的迁居速度的印射的 POM 集合。这些方程被小假偏移量导出并且计算。POM 然后习惯于图象建筑群结构和 prestack 时间移植。

GNSS系统时间偏差参数分析

分析各GNSS在系统时差参数设计上的特点和变化,并以国际权度局(BIPM)和时间频率公报发布的数据为参考对GNSS播发的系统时差进行评估分析。结果表明,BDS播发的3种系统时差均存在十几ns的偏差,通过BDS间接获得的GLONASS与GPS、Galileo与GPS的系统时差准确度优于GLONASS和Galileo系统电文发播的同种时差参数。

北斗三号B1C/B2a新信号精密卫星产品估计及PPP-AR性能研究

为分析北斗卫星导航系统(Beidou Navigation Satellite System,BDS)B1C/B2a新信号的服务水平,基于混合差分的方法,结合全球均匀分布的观测站数据解算得到BDS精密钟差,进一步估计宽窄巷未校准相位延迟(Uncalibrated Phase Delay,UPD)。使用二次差法对所估计的BDS-3钟差精度进行评估分析,验证估计产品的准确性;通过UPD产品长期序列来研究其稳定性;将估计的钟差和UPD等产品应用于精密单点定位浮点解和固定解(Precise Point Positioning-Ambiguity Resolution,PPP-AR)进行验证。根据数据处理结果可知,地球静止轨道(Geosynchronous Earth Orbit,GEO)、倾斜地球同步轨道(Inclined Geosynchronous Satellite Orbit,IGSO)和中地球轨道(Medium Earth Orbit,MEO)3种轨道类型的估计卫星钟差平均精度分别为0.209、0.095、0.087 ns;BDS-3宽巷UPD长期序列标准差(Standard Deviations,STD)均在0.04周以内,窄巷UPD一天内的最大变化不超过0.15周,BDS-2宽窄巷UPD的稳定性略差于BDS-3;全球范围内均匀挑选的测站PPP浮点解的平均定位精度在北(North,N)、东(East,E)、天(Up,U)各方向分别为2.21、3.50、6.01 cm,经模糊度固定后,固定解分别提升至1.11、1.26、3.50 cm,提升了49.8%、64.0%、41.8%,验证了估计钟差和UPD方法的正确性与新信号良好的服务性能。

全方位机器人的重心位置预测与轨迹跟踪控制

针对全方向移动机器人存在非线性动态强耦合、实时重心偏移及难以实现高精度跟踪控制的问题,本文提出一种基于长短期记忆(LSTM)神经网络的重心位置在线预测的轨迹跟踪控制法.首先,建立考虑重心偏移的动力学模型并基于LSTM神经网络训练构建其对比模型;其次,基于模型对比法实时估计重心偏移参数,再基于张神经网络(ZNN)对估计的重心偏移参数进行预测以减小估计过程引起的滞后;最后,基于非线性动态反馈解耦法设计数值加速度控制算法,且基于离散系统极点配置法分析了系统的稳定性.仿真结果验证了所提方法相对于数值加速度控制器与自适应控制器因能在线预测重心偏移参数完成高精度动态解耦实现控制精度的提高.实际实验中,所提控制算法相比数值加速度控制及模型预测控制,其跟踪精度明显提高,这表明所提控制算法可显著减小重心偏移对跟踪控制精度的影响.

非零偏时延VSP资料处理关键技术

非零偏时延VSP资料含有丰富的井旁波场信息,利用VSP反射信息和地震属性,能有效监测井旁注入流体运移情况,具有广阔的应用前景。受观测方式影响,时延非零偏VSP资料叠加次数有限,对两期VSP资料处理要求更加严格。因此,本文在常规非零偏VSP处理技术流程中引入两期资料的可重复性分析和一致性处理方法技术,建立了时延非零偏VSP资料处理技术流程,并针对时延资料的炮内一致性处理和两期资料间一致性处理进行了方法分析研究和试验。从A井实例应用表明,本文提出的非零偏时延VSP资料处理流程和关键技术具有较高可操作性和实用性,具有推广价值。

视觉控制数控机床机器人上下料PLC编程及研究

针对汽车发动机缸体数控加工自动化上下料的机器人、视觉系统和输送链等设备PLC编程及控制等问题,探究西门子PLC控制器与康耐视相机、FANUC机器人之间的连接控制通信方法。规划设计PROFINET总线网络通信控制系统框架,以及视觉图像通过PROFINET进行传输的方法和参数设置。研究机器人如何根据视觉图像模板,检测在传送带上无序摆放的缸体零件位置偏移数据,调整手爪位置准确抓取零件的方法。通过时序控制方法协调机器人、视觉系统和输送链之间的动作节拍,提高系统运转的定位精准度和可靠性,实现高效高精度的智能化无人操作数控加工。

二维Offset平面波有限差分法叠前时间偏移

在岩性油气藏勘探中,保振幅或保波形成像是进行储层特征分析和参数估计的基础。由于Kirchhoff积分叠前时间偏移、F-K域波动方程叠前时间偏移不适应弱横向变速介质情形,因此,基于偏移距(Offset)域平面波偏移思想,提出了Offset平面波有限差分法叠前时间偏移方法。讨论了CMP道集平面波分解原理,推导了Off- set平面波方程及其有限差分解法,给出了角度道集生成方法。利用大庆油田的一个横向缓变的速度模型,对Offset平面波有限差分法叠前时间偏移方法的有效性进行了验证。结果表明,该方法适应缓横向变速介质情形,波场外推算子保幅,计算效率高,可以为AVP/AVA分析提供较好的基础数据。

Joint timing synchronization and frequency offset acquisition algorithm for MIMO OFDM systems

For multiple-input multiple-output （MIMO） orthogonal frequency division multiplexing （OFDM） systems, a joint timing synchronization and frequency offset acquisition algorithm based on fractional Fourier transform （FRFT） is proposed. The linear frequency modulation signals superimposed on the data signals are used as the training signals. By performing FRFT on the received signals and searching the peak value of the FRFT results, the receiver can realize timing synchronization and frequency offset acquisition simultaneously. Compared with the existing methods, the proposed algorithm can provide better timing synchronization performance and larger frequency offset acquisition range even under multi-path channels with low signal to noise ratio. Theoretical analysis and simulation results prove this point.

某大底盘多塔综合体分析及设计研究

广州市某商住广场,是一个由三栋住宅塔楼带五层综合商业裙楼大底盘组成的商住综合体项目。该项目分别对多塔模型及单塔模型进行抗震分析,研究大底盘多塔结构的地震反应及相互影响特点。经对比发现大底盘屋面以上的塔楼地震剪力有一定程度的增大,其增大系数大小与塔楼距离、裙楼高度、结构刚度等多种因素有关。同时,通过动力弹塑性和性能设计分析,对大底盘、框支框架、底部加强区等薄弱构件采取有效的加强措施。

限制环境下的GNSS精密授时方法研究综述

GNSS精密授时技术在国防军事领域得到了广泛的应用,但卫星导航信号具有先天的脆弱性,极易受到各种有意和无意干扰,为了提升GNSS精密授时的稳健性和安全性,亟需发展限制环境下的授时技术。介绍了GNSS授时应用存在的问题,分析了GNSS精密授时方法研究现状,给出了在无地面通信网络条件下利用北斗三号PPP-B2b信息进行实时PPP授时,在信号遮挡条件下利用惯性导航辅助PPP瞬时重新收敛和附加钟差模加快PPP重新收敛,以及在复杂电磁环境下利用多阵元抗干扰天线提高GNSS授时性能的发展对策建议,为拓展GNSS授时技术在时频领域的应用提供借鉴。

OFDMA Uplink Frequency Offset Estimation with Multi-Access Interference Mitigation

In this paper, we consider the frequency offset estimation for Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access (OF-DMA) uplink (UL) transmissions. We first analyze the negative effect of Multi-Access-Interference (MAI) on OFDMA UL, and then propose two interference reduction/elimination methods, i.e., the Reduced-Rank-Projector (RRP) and Shift-Sampling-Projector (SSP) methods, to eliminate/reduce the heavy MAI due to the frequency offsets. Finally, we propose a new training sequence group named the Round-Robin Training Sequence Group (RRTSG), which has a high interference mitigation capabilities for OFDMA UL transmission. The Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) for an unbiased frequency offset estimator in a Multiple Access (MA) system is also derived. Numerical results show that the proposed methods are suitable to eliminate/mitigate the effect of the frequency offset on OFDMA UL transmission.

TDOA Localization Algorithm with Compensation of Clock Offset for Wireless Sensor Networks

This paper presents a source localization algorithm based on the source signal's time-difference-of-arrival(TDOA) for asynchronous wireless sensor network.To obtain synchronization among anchors,all anchors broadcast signals periodically,the clock offsets and skews of anchor pairs can be estimated using broadcasting signal's time-of-arrivals(TOA) at anchors.A kalman filter is adopted to improve the accuracy of clock offsets and track the clock drifts due to random fluctuations.Once the source transmits signal,the TOAs at anchors are stamped respectively and source's TDOA error due to clock offset and skew of anchor pair can be mitigated by a compensation operation.Based on a Gaussian noise model,maximum likelihood estimation(MLE) for the source position is obtained.Performance issues are addressed by evaluating the Cramer-Rao lower bound and the selection of broadcasting period.The proposed algorithm is simple and effective,which has close performance with synchronous TDOA algorithm.

Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Working Parameters on Wire Offset in Wire Electrical Discharge Machining of Hadfield Manganese Steel

In this study, a series of tests have been conducted in order to investigate the machinability evaluation of austenitic Hadfield manganese steel in the Wire Electrical Discharge Machine (WEDM). Experimental investigations have been carried out to relate the effect of input machining parameters such as pulse on-time (Ton), pulse off-time (Toff), wire feed (WF), and average gap voltage (V) on the wire offset in WEDM. No analytical approach gives the exact amount of offset required in WEDM and hence experimental study has been undertaken. In this paper, a mathematical model has been developed to model the machinability evaluation through the response surface methodology (RSM) capable of predicting the response parameter as a function of Ton, Toff, WF and V. The samples are tested and their average prediction error has been calculated taking the average of all the individual prediction errors. The result shows that this mathematical model reflects the independent, quadratic and interactive effects of the various machining parameters on cutting speed in WEDM process.

Controlled Mobility Time Synchronization for WSNs

One of the important aspects in wireless sensor networks is time synchronization. Many applications such as military activity monitoring, environmental monitoring and forest fire monitoring require highly accurate time synchronization. Time synchronization assures that all the sensor nodes in wireless sensor network have the same clock time. It is not only essential for aforementioned applications but it is mandatory for TDMA scheduling and proper duty cycle coordination. Time synchronization is a challenging problem due to energy constraints. Most of the existing synchronization protocols use fixed nodes for synchronization, but in the proposed synchronization, algorithm mobile nodes are used to synchronize the stationary nodes in the sensing field. In this paper, we propose a new time synchronization algorithm, named controlled mobility time synchronization (CMTS) with the objective to achieve the higher accuracy while synchronizing the nodes. The proposed approach is used in this paper to synchronize the nodes externally by using the mobile nodes. Simulation results exhibit that proposed controlled mobility time synchronization increases the synchronization precision and reduces the energy consumption as well as synchronization error by reducing the collisions and retransmissions.

A Novel Cluster Based Time Synchronization Technique for Wireless Sensor Networks

Time synchronization is one of the important aspects in wireless sensor networks. Time synchronization assures that all the sensor nodes in wireless sensor network have the same clock time. There are various applications such as seismic study, military applications, pollution monitoring where sensor nodes require synchronized time. Time synchronization is mandatory for many wireless sensor networks protocols such as MAC protocols and also important for TDMA scheduling for proper duty cycle coordination. Time synchronization is a stimulating problem in wireless sensor networks because each node has its own local clock which keeps on varying due to variation in the oscillator frequency. The oscillator frequency is time varying due to ambient conditions which leads to re-synchronization of nodes time and again. This re-synchronization process is energy consuming whereas energy is constraints in WSN. This paper proposes a novel cluster based time synchronization technique for wireless sensor networks in which cluster head rotation is based on minimum clock offset. Simulation results based on energy analysis of the proposed model demonstrate that proposed novel cluster based time synchronization technique reduces the energy consumption and also the synchronization error compared with other existing protocols.

BDS实时精密单点定位性能分析

以GFZ事后精密轨道与钟差产品为参考,评估CNES实时轨道与钟差精度。基于CNES实时轨道和钟差,对18个MGEX地面站进行了实时精密单点定位(Real-Time Precise Point Positioning, RT PPP)测试,以GPS为参考分别对比分析了BDS3、BDS2+3的RT PPP的性能。结果表明,GPS实时轨道三维精度优于11 cm,实时钟差精度约为0.02~0.06 ns, BDS非GEO卫星实时轨道三维精度优于33 cm,钟差精度约为0.05~0.29 ns。BDS与GPS三维定位精度基本相当,约为5~6 cm。GPS平均收敛速度约为59 min, BDS平均收敛时间约为124 min。相对于BDS3、BDS2+3在E、N、U三方向的定位精度分别提升9.9%、6.7%、2.6%,3D定位精度提升5.8%,收敛速度提升20.2%。

基于SSA探测GPS坐标时间序列的阶跃

探测可能存在的阶跃是GPS坐标时间序列预处理的关键步骤,自动化探测阶跃对于密集台站或数量庞大的GPS网络管理具有重要意义。本文提出基于奇异谱分析的阶跃自动探测方法,并验证该方法的有效性。实验表明,该方法可以探测出有明显台阶的阶跃,且震后形变等瞬态运动不影响探测结果,但对于与背景运动差异不明显的阶跃存在一定的局限性。

Distributed Time Synchronization in Wireless Sensor Networks via Second-Order Consensus Algorithms

This paper proposes a distributed second-order consensus time synchronization, which incorporates the second-order consensus algorithm into wireless sensor networks. Since local clocks may have different skews and offsets, the algorithm is designed to include offset compensation and skew compensation. The local clocks are not directly modified, thus the virtual clocks are built according to the local clocks via the compensation parameters. Each node achieves a virtual consensus clock by periodically updated compensation parameters. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified through a number of simulations in a mesh network. It is proved that the proposed algorithm has the advantage of being distributed, asymptotic convergence, and robust to new node joining.

On the Trade-off between Power Consumption and Time Synchronization Quality for Moving Targets under Large-Scale Fading Effects in Wireless Sensor Networks

In this work we find a lower bound on the energy required for synchronizing moving sensor nodes in a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) affected by large-scale fading, based on clock estimation techniques. The energy required for synchronizing a WSN within a desired estimation error level is specified by both the transmit power and the required number of messages. In this paper we extend our previous work introducing nodes’ movement and the average message delay in the total energy, including a comprehensive analysis on how the distance between nodes impacts on the energy and synchronization quality trade-off under large-scale fading effects.