Post-Mesozoic Transformation of Tectonic Domain in Southeastern China and Its Geodynamic Mechanism

Since the Mesozoic and Cenozoic, a transformation from a Tethyan Himalayan tectonic domain into a circum Pacific tectonic domain from Indosinian to Yanshanian is indicated in this paper, resulting in conspicuous changes in geophysics, tectono magmatic distribution, lithofacies and paleo geography, tectonic system in southeastern China. Tectonic analysis shows that the tectonic framework resulted from the compounding, transforming and superimposing of the two tectonic domains. The geodynamic mechanism of the transformation is mainly shown as the transverse and longitudinal heterogeneity of lithosphere, and the exchange between the crust and the mantle.

Tetragonal Domain Switching via Reversible tm Phase Transformation

Grinding-induced tm phase transformation and the resultant texture in ceria-yttria-doped tetragonal zirconia polycrystals with varied tetragonality have been studied by XRD. It is observed that the reversible tm phase transformation occurs during grinding and the intensity ratio of I(002)t/I(200)t increases with the transformability. The author proposes that the texture induced by grinding at low temperatures is due to the tetragonal variant reorientation via cyclic,reversible tm phase transformation, termed "transformational domain switching", instead of the ferroelastic

小波分频自注意力Transformer图像去雨网络

针对视觉Transformer对高频信息捕捉能力弱以及目前许多图像去雨方法易丢失细节的问题,提出小波分频自注意力Transformer图像去雨网络(WFDST-Net)。小波分频自注意力Transformer(WFDST)作为WFDST-Net的主要模块,其利用不可分提升小波变换获取特征图的低频分量和高频分量,分别在低频和高频中进行自注意力交互,使模块从低频中学习恢复全局结构的能力,在高频中强化捕捉雨纹等线条细节的能力,增强对不同频域特征的建模能力。WFDST-Net采用U形架构并通过不可分提升小波变换获取多尺度特征,可在捕获不同形状高频雨纹的同时保证信息的完整性。相比其他图像去雨相关的Transformer,WFDST-Net具有更低的参数量。此外,提出VOCRain250数据集用于联合图像去雨和语义分割任务,该数据集比目前广泛使用的BDD150更具优势。实验表明,所提方法增强了视觉Transformer对不同频域信息的捕获能力,并在合成和真实数据集以及VOCRain250中的表现优于目前先进的去雨方法,能有效去除复杂雨纹并保留更多细节特征。

高效跨域的Transformer小样本语义分割网络

小样本语义分割旨在仅使用数个标注样本学习目标类别特征并完成分割任务。主流研究存在的主要问题是:训练效率低下,训练和测试在同一数据域。为此构建了一种基于Transformer的高效、跨域的小样本语义分割网络SGFNet。在编码层,使用共享权重的MixVisionTransformer构建孪生网络,用于提取支持集和查询集的图像特征;在关系计算层,通过计算支持集图像特征向量与其对应mask的哈达玛积,提取目标类别的高维特征,并与查询集图像特征进行关系计算;在解码层,改进基于MLP的解码器,提出了残差解码器,将不同层级的特征解码得到最终分割结果。实验表明,该模型只需要在FSS-1000数据集上使用单张3090 GPU训练1.5~4.0 h,即可在FSS-1000数据集上获得最优结果1-shot mIoU 87.0%,在PASCAL-5i和COCO-20i数据集进行跨域测试达到非跨域的效果,1-shot mIoU分别为60.4%和33.0%,证明了该模型高效且跨域。

Mechatronic Modeling and Domain Transformation of Multi-physics Systems

The enhanced definition of Mechatronics involves the four underlying characteristics of integrated,unified,unique,and systematic approaches.In this realm,Mechatronics is not limited to electro-mechanical systems,in the multi-physics sense,but involves other physical domains such as fluid and thermal.This paper summarizes the mechatronic approach to modeling.Linear graphs facilitate the development of state-space models of mechatronic systems,through this approach.The use of linear graphs in mechatronic modeling is outlined and an illustrative example of sound system modeling is given.Both time-domain and frequency-domain approaches are presented for the use of linear graphs.A mechatronic model of a multi-physics system may be simplified by converting all the physical domains into an equivalent single-domain system that is entirely in the output domain of the system.This approach of converting(transforming)physical domains is presented.An illustrative example of a pressure-controlled hydraulic actuator system that operates a mechanical load is given.

The nature of irreversible phase transformation propagation in nickel-rich layered cathode for lithium-ion batteries

Ni-rich layered cathode is regarded as one of the most promising candidates to achieve lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with high energy density. However, due to the irreversible phase transformation (IPT) and its eventual propagation from surface to the bulk of the material, Ni-rich layered cathode typically suffers from severe capacity fading, structure failure, and thermal instability, which greatly hinders its mass adoption. Hence, achieving an in-depth understanding of the IPT propagation mechanism in Ni-rich layered cathode is crucial in addressing these issues. Herein, the triggering factor of IPT propagation in Ni-rich cathode is verified to be the initial surface disordered cation mixing domain covered by a thin rock-salt phase, instead of the rock-salt phase itself. According to the density functional theory (DFT) results, it is further illustrated that the metastable cation mixing domain possesses a lower Ni migration energy barrier, which facilitates the migration of Ni ions towards the Li slab, and thus driving the propagation of IPT from surface to the bulk of the material. This finding clarifies a prevailing debate regarding the surface impurity phases of Ni-rich cathode material and reveals the origin of IPT propagation, which implies the principle and its effectiveness of tuning the surface microstructure to address the structural and thermal instability issue of Ni-rich layered cathode materials.

INTERFERENCE MITIGATING BASED ON FRACTIONAL FOURIER TRANSFORM IN TRANSFORM DOMAIN COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

The method of FRactional Fourier Transform (FRFT) is introduced to Transform Domain Communication System (TDCS) for signal transforming in the paper after theoretical analysis. The method yields optimal Basis Function (BF) by FRFT with optimal transform angle. The TDCS using the proposed method has wider usable spectrum, stronger robustness and better ability of anti non-stationary jamming than using usual methods, such as Fourier Transform (FT), Auto Regressive (AR), Wavelet Transform (WT), etc. The main simulation results are as follows. First, the Bit Error Rate (BER) Pb is close to theoretical bound of no jamming no matter in single tone or in linear chirp interference. Second, the interference-to-signal ratio J /E is at least 12dB more than that of Direct Spread Spectrum System (DSSS) under the same BER if the spectrum hopping-to-signal ratio is 1:20 in chirp plus hopping interfering. Third, the Eb /N 0(when estimation difference is 90% between trans- mitter and receiver) is about 3.5dB or about 0.5dB (when estimation difference is 10% between transmitter and receiver) more than that of theoretical result when no estimation difference un-der Pb=10-2.

基于改进Transformer和强化学习的僵尸网络DGA域名检测

针对现有僵尸网络检测方法检测精度不高和检测时间开销较大的问题,提出一种基于改进Transformer和强化学习的僵尸网络域名生成算法(Domain Generation Algorithm,DGA)的域名检测方法。首先,利用深度可分离卷积替换ResNet和ResNeXt网络中的卷积块,通过减少网络模型参数来降低模型的时间开销;其次,利用改进后的ResNet和ResNeXt网络将域名字符串映射到深度特征空间,构造多尺度特征,强化特征的表达能力;再次,利用长短期记忆神经网络(Long Short-Term Memory,LSTM)对Transformer网络进行改进,在保持字符间相对位置的同时,进一步建立上下文的长距离依赖编码,并在此基础上引入注意力机制,强化模型对关键特征的捕获能力;最后,引入强化学习对模型进行微调,提高DGA域名的检测精度。在多个DGA域名数据集上进行测试验证,结果表明该模型在保持检测时间开销较小的基础上,具有更高的检测精度。

LAPPED TRANSFORM DOMAIN INTERFERENCE EXCISION USING MODIFIED MEDIAN FILTER

A novel communication receiver which uses lapped transform(LT) incorporating modified median filter(MMF) algorithm was designed for narrow band interference(NBI) excision.Comparing to traditional Fourier Transform,LT has longer basis vectors,less spectral leakage,thus better frequency resolution.The LT domain MMF algorithm takes full advantages of the direct sequence spread spectrum signal,as well as the characteristics of LT,performs the transform domain filtering twice.The first filtering locates the position of interference and mitigates most of them.The second filtering is performed in a small neighborhood of the located interference.So LT domain MMF algorithm can completely mitigate the interference without distorting the desired signal.The simulation results demonstrate the improved BER(Bit Error Rate)performance and increased robustness of our receiver.

LAPLACE TRANSFORMS FOR ANALYTIC FUNCTIONS IN TUBULAR DOMAINS

Assume that 0<p<∞ and that B is a connected nonempty open set in R^(n),and that A^(p)(B)is the vector space of all holomorphic functions F in the tubular domains R^(n)+iB such that for any compact set K⊂B,‖ y →‖x →F(x+iy)‖Lp(R^(n))‖ L(K)<∞,so A^(p)(B)is a Frechet space with the Heine-Borel property,its topology is induced by a complete invariant metric,is not locally bounded,and hence is not normal.Furthermore,if 1≤p≤2,then the element F of A^(p)(B)can be written as a Laplace transform of some function f∈L(R^(n)).

Structure and Migration Characteristic of Heterointerfaces During the Phase Transformation from L1_2 to DO_(22) Phase

Based on the microscopic phase-field model, the structure and migration characteristic of ordered domain interfaces formed between DO22 and L12 phase are investigated, and the atomistic mechanism of phase transformation from L12 (Ni3Al) to DO22 (Ni3V) in Ni75AlxV25-x alloys are explored, using the simulated microstructure evolution pictures and the occupation probability evolution of alloy elements at the interface. The results show that five kinds of heterointerfaces are formed between DO22 and L12 phase and four of them can migrate during the phase transformation from L12 to DO22 except the interface (002)D//(001)L. The structure of interface (100)D//(200)L and interface (100)D//(200)L·1/2[001] remain the same before and after migration, while the interface (002)D//(002)L is formed after the migration of interface (002)D//(002)L·1/2[100] and vice versa. These two kinds of interface appear alternatively. The jump and substitute of atoms selects the optimization way to induce the migration of interface during the phase transformation, and the number of atoms needing to jump during the migration is the least among all of the possible atom jump modes.

Speech Encryption in Linear Canonical Transform Domain Based on Chaotic Dynamic Modulation

In order to transmit the speech information safely in the channel,a new speech encryp-tion algorithm in linear canonical transform(LCT)domain based on dynamic modulation of chaot-ic system is proposed.The algorithm first uses a chaotic system to obtain the number of sampling points of the grouped encrypted signal.Then three chaotic systems are used to modulate the corres-ponding parameters of the LCT,and each group of transform parameters corresponds to a group of encrypted signals.Thus,each group of signals is transformed by LCT with different parameters.Fi-nally,chaotic encryption is performed on the LCT domain spectrum of each group of signals,to realize the overall encryption of the speech signal.The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is extremely sensitive to the keys and has a larger key space.Compared with the original signal,the waveform and LCT domain spectrum of obtained encrypted signal are distributed more uniformly and have less correlation,which can realize the safe transmission of speech signals.

Multiple transformation analysis for interference separation in TDCS

Various types of interference signals limit the practical application of transform domain communication systems(TDCSs)in the severe electromagnetic field,an orthogonal basis learning method of transformation analysis(OBL-TA)is proposed to effectively address the problem of obtaining an optimal transform domain based on sparse representation.Then,the sparse availability is utilized to obtain the optimal transformation analysis by the iterative methods,which yields the sparse representation for transform domain(SRTD)in unrestricted form.In addition,the iterative version of SRTD(I-SRTD)in unrestricted form is obtained by decomposing the SRTD problem into three sub-problems and each sub-problem is iteratively solved by learning the best orthogonal basis.Furthermore,orthogonal basis learning via cost function minimization process is conducted by stochastic descent,which is assured to converge to a local minimum at least.Finally,the optimal transformation analysis is developed by the effectiveness of different transform domains according to the accuracy of the sparse representation and an optimal transformation analysis separately(OPTAS)is applied to the synthesized signal forms with conic alternatives,dualization,and smoothing.Simulation results demonstrate that the superiorities of the proposed methods achieve the optimal recovery and separation more rapidly and accurately than conventional methods.

Authentication and Secret Message Transmission Technique Using Discrete Fourier Transformation

In this paper a novel technique, Authentication and Secret Message Transmission using Discrete Fourier Transformation (ASMTDFT) has been proposed to authenticate an image and also some secret message or image can be transmitted over the network. Instead of direct embedding a message or image within the source image, choosing a window of size 2 x 2 of the source image in sliding window manner and then con-vert it from spatial domain to frequency domain using Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT). The bits of the authenticating message or image are then embedded at LSB within the real part of the transformed image. Inverse DFT is performed for the transformation from frequency domain to spatial domain as final step of encoding. Decoding is done through the reverse procedure. The experimental results have been discussed and compared with the existing steganography algorithm S-Tools. Histogram analysis and Chi-Square test of source image with embedded image shows the better results in comparison with the S-Tools.

基于Transformer和多特征融合的DGA域名检测方法

针对域名生成算法生成的恶意域名隐蔽性高,现有方法在恶意域名检测上准确率不高的问题,提出一种基于Transformer和多特征融合的DGA域名检测方法。该方法使用Transformer编码器捕获域名字符的全局信息,通过并行深度卷积神经网络获取不同粒度的长距离上下文特征,同时引入双向长短期记忆网络BiLSTM和自注意力机制Self-Attention结合浅层CNN得到浅层时空特征,融合长距离上下文特征和浅层时空特征进行DGA域名检测。实验结果表明,所提方法在恶意域名检测方法上有更好的性能。相对于CNN、LSTM、L-PCAL和SW-DRN,所提方法在二分类实验中准确率分别提升了1.72%,1.10%,0.75%和0.34%;在多分类实验中准确率分别提升了1.75%,1.29%,0.88%和0.83%。

基于多尺度Transformer融合多域信息的伪造人脸检测

当前,基于Deepfakes等深度伪造技术生成的“换脸”类伪造视频泛滥,给公民个人隐私和国家政治安全带来巨大威胁,为此,研究视频中深度伪造人脸检测技术具有重要意义。针对已有伪造人脸检测方法存在的面部特征提取不充分、泛化能力弱等不足,提出一种基于多尺度Transformer对多域信息进行融合的伪造人脸检测方法。基于多域特征融合的思路,同时从视频帧的频域与RGB域进行特征提取,提高模型的泛化性;联合EfficientNet和多尺度Transformer,设计多层级的特征提取网络以提取更精细的伪造特征。在开源数据集上的测试结果表明,相比已有方法,所提方法具有更好的检测效果;同时在跨数据集上的实验结果证明了所提模型具有较好的泛化性能。

TRANSFORM DOMAIN SMART ANTENNAS ALGORITHM FOR MAI SUPPRESSION

Multiple Access Interference(MAI) is the major factor that degrades the performance of a CDMA system. In this paper, a novel transform domain algorithm combined with parameter estimation for MAI suppression is proposed. Compared with the method that combines an adaptive array antenna with parameter estimation for interference suppression, it converges faster with the same Bit Error Rate(BER) performance.

Power System Harmonic Detection Using Frequency-Domain Interpolation Wavelet Transform

Aiming at harmonic detection, fast Fourier transform can only detect integer harmonics precisely, short time Fourier transform can detect non-integer harmonics with low resolution, and some former wavelet based methods have no aliasing-reduction scheme which result in low measurement precision and poor robustness. A frequency-domain interpolation algorithm to detect harmonics is proposed by choosing Shannon wavelet. Shannon wavelet is an orthogonal wavelet possessing best ideal frequency domain localization ability, it can restrict wavelet aliasing but bring about Gibbs oscillation phenomenon simultaneously. An interpolation algorithm is developed to overcome this problem. Simulation reveals that the proposed method can effectively cancel aliasing, spectral leakage and Gibbs phenomenon, so it provides an effective means for power system harmonic analysis.

TIME DOMAIN ANALYSIS OF TRANSIENT PROPAGATION IN INHOMOGENEOUS MAGNETIZED PLASMA USING Z-TRANSFORMS

The electromagnetic propagation through an inhomogeneous magnetized plasma slab is studied using the Z-transform formulation of the Finite-Difference Time-Domain(FDTD) method. The direction of electromagnetic propagation is parallel to the biasing magnetic filed. To validate the Z-transform algorithm, the reflection and transmission coefficients for the right-hand circularly polarized wave of the homogeneous magnetized plasma slab are computed by means of discrete Fourier transform. The comparison between the reflection and transmission coefficients of the homogeneous plasma slab and analytical values indicates that Z-transform algorithm is very accurate. When the plasma frequency varies according to the square root and parabolic relations, the reflection and transmission coefficients of the inhomogeneous magnetized plasma slab are computed.

基于频域Transformer的对抗生成网络去运动模糊算法

对于图像不均匀的运动模糊问题,模型感受野的大小相当重要,基于自注意力机制的Transformer的感受野远大于传统CNN模型。并且引入了高效的频域处理模块,以往结合频域处理模糊的方法忽略了运动模糊在频域图中呈现出来的方向性特征,根据这种特征将其分解处理可以高效地恢复图像。实验中与目前较经典的几个方法进行了对比,模型在GoPro数据集上PSNR得分为32.24 dB,在RealBlur-J数据集上的得分为29.38 dB,效果相较于其他方法在两个数据集上分别提高了0.72 dB和0.83 dB。