In many service delivery systems,the quantity of available resources is often a decisive factor of service quality.Resources can be personnel,offices,devices,supplies,and so on,depending on the nature of the services ...In many service delivery systems,the quantity of available resources is often a decisive factor of service quality.Resources can be personnel,offices,devices,supplies,and so on,depending on the nature of the services a system provides.Although service computing has been an active research topic for decades,general approaches that assess the impact of resource provisioning on service quality matrices in a rigorous way remain to be seen.Petri nets have been a popular formalism for modeling systems exhibiting behaviors of competition and concurrency for almost a half century.Stochastic timed Petri nets(STPN),an extension to regular Petri nets,are a powerful tool for system performance evaluation.However,we did not find any single existing STPN software tool that supports all timed transition firing policies and server types,not to mention resource provisioning and requirement analysis.This paper presents a generic and resource oriented STPN simulation engine that provides all critical features necessary for the analysis of service delivery system quality vs.resource provisioning.The power of the simulation system is illustrated by an application to emergency health care systems.展开更多
Recently automotive nets are adopted to solve increasing problems in automotive electronic systems.Technologies of automotive local area network from CAN and LIN can solve the problems of the increasing of wire bunch ...Recently automotive nets are adopted to solve increasing problems in automotive electronic systems.Technologies of automotive local area network from CAN and LIN can solve the problems of the increasing of wire bunch weight and lack in module installation space.However,the multilayer automotive nets software becomes more and more complex,and the development expense is difficult to predict and to keep in check.In this paper,the modeling method of hierarchical automotive nets and the substitution operation based on object-oriented colored Petri net(OOCPN) are proposed.The OOCPN model which analyzes the software structure and validates the collision mechanism of CAN/LIN bus can speed the automobile system development.First,the subsystems are divided and modeled by object-oriented Petri net(OOPN).According to the sets of message sharing relations,the message ports among them are set and the communication gate transitions are defined.Second,the OOPN model is substituted step by step until the inner objects in the automotive body control modules(BCM) are indivisible and colored by colored Petri net(CPN).And the color subsets mark the node messages for the collision mechanism.Third,the OOCPN model of the automotive body CAN/LIN nets is assembled,which keeps the message sets and the system can be expanded.The proposed model is used to analyze features of information sharing among the objects,and it is also used to describe each subsystem real-time behavior of processing messages and implemental device controllers operating,and puts forward a reasonable software framework for the automotive body control subsystem.The research can help to design the communication model in the automotive body system effectively and provide a convenient and rapid way for developing the logical hierarchy software.展开更多
Object-oriented Petri nets (OPNs) is extended into stochastic object-oriented Petri nets (SOPNs) by associating the OPN of an object with stochastic transitions and introducing stochastic places. The stochastic transi...Object-oriented Petri nets (OPNs) is extended into stochastic object-oriented Petri nets (SOPNs) by associating the OPN of an object with stochastic transitions and introducing stochastic places. The stochastic transition of the SOPNs of a production resources can be used to model its reliability, while the SOPN of a production resource can describe its performance with reliability considered. The SOPN model of a case production system is built to illustrate the relationship between the system's performances and the failures of individual production resources.展开更多
A discrete event system is a dynamical system whose state evolves in time by the occurrence of events at possibly irregular time intervals. Timed Petri nets are a graphical and mathematical modeling tool applicable to...A discrete event system is a dynamical system whose state evolves in time by the occurrence of events at possibly irregular time intervals. Timed Petri nets are a graphical and mathematical modeling tool applicable to discrete event systems in order to represent its states evolution where the timing at which the state changes is taken into consideration. One of the most important performance issues to be considered in a discrete event system is its stability. Lyapunov theory provides the required tools needed to aboard the stability and stabilization problems for discrete event systems modeled with timed Petri nets whose mathematical model is given in terms of difference equations. By proving stability one guarantees a bound on the discrete event systems state dynamics. When the system is unstable, a sufficient condition to stabilize the system is given. It is shown that it is possible to restrict the discrete event systems state space in such a way that boundedness is achieved. However, the restriction is not numerically precisely known. This inconvenience is overcome by considering a specific recurrence equation, in the max-plus algebra, which is assigned to the timed Petri net graphical model.展开更多
In shared-memory bus-based multiprocessors, when the number of processors grows, the processors spend an increasing amount of time waiting for access to the bus (and shared memory). This contention reduces the perform...In shared-memory bus-based multiprocessors, when the number of processors grows, the processors spend an increasing amount of time waiting for access to the bus (and shared memory). This contention reduces the performance of processors and imposes a limitation of the number of processors that can be used efficiently in bus-based systems. Since the multi-processor’s performance depends upon many parameters which affect the performance in different ways, timed Petri nets are used to model shared-memory bus-based multiprocessors at the instruction execution level, and the developed models are used to study how the performance of processors changes with the number of processors in the system. The results illustrate very well the restriction on the number of processors imposed by the shared bus. All performance characteristics presented in this paper are obtained by discrete-event simulation of Petri net models.展开更多
针对混流装配线工序加工资源需求多样、工艺复杂、装配工期长等问题,采用Petri网和改进遗传算法对该问题进行优化求解。建立混流装配线赋时库所Petri网(timed place Petri net, TPPN)调度模型,基于模型激发序列,采用基于工序的编码方式...针对混流装配线工序加工资源需求多样、工艺复杂、装配工期长等问题,采用Petri网和改进遗传算法对该问题进行优化求解。建立混流装配线赋时库所Petri网(timed place Petri net, TPPN)调度模型,基于模型激发序列,采用基于工序的编码方式进行染色体编码;采用精英保留策略选择优异个体,改进遗传算法的交叉、变异操作,用改进后的遗传算法求解混流装配线调度问题。通过对比案例及实例数据计算结果验证了方案的有效性。展开更多
A colored timed Petri net(CTPN)modeling technique is developed for flexible assembly system(FAS) In particular,one section is devoted to the deadlock nodel based on the Petri net The rule of the deadlock error rec...A colored timed Petri net(CTPN)modeling technique is developed for flexible assembly system(FAS) In particular,one section is devoted to the deadlock nodel based on the Petri net The rule of the deadlock error recovery is given Through the analysis of the behavioral properties of the FAS with the deadlock recovery model,the deadlock problem would be solved in the system.展开更多
Civil aircraft maintenance process simulation model is an effective method for analyzing the maintainability of a civil aircraft. First, we present the Hierarchical Colored Timed Petri Nets for maintenance process mod...Civil aircraft maintenance process simulation model is an effective method for analyzing the maintainability of a civil aircraft. First, we present the Hierarchical Colored Timed Petri Nets for maintenance process modeling of civil aircraft. Then, we expound a general method of civil aircraft maintenance activities, determine the maintenance level for decomposition, and propose the methods of describing logic of relations between the maintenance activities based on Petri Net. Finally, a time Colored Petri multi-level network modeling and simulation procedures and steps are given with the maintenance example of the landing gear burst tire of a certain type of aircraft. The feasibility of the method is proved by the example.展开更多
A fine grained distributed multimedia synchronization model——Enhanced Fuzzy timing Petri Net was proposed which is good at modeling indeterminacy and fuzzy. To satisfy the need of maximum tolerable jitter, the suffi...A fine grained distributed multimedia synchronization model——Enhanced Fuzzy timing Petri Net was proposed which is good at modeling indeterminacy and fuzzy. To satisfy the need of maximum tolerable jitter, the sufficient conditions are given in intra object synchronization. Method to find a proper granularity in inter object synchronization is also given to satisfy skew. Exceptions are detected and corrected as early as possible using restricted blocking method.展开更多
Modern satellite propulsion systems are generally designed to fulfill multiphase-missions.Traditional reliability modelling methods have problems of inadequate depict capacity considering complex systems such as satel...Modern satellite propulsion systems are generally designed to fulfill multiphase-missions.Traditional reliability modelling methods have problems of inadequate depict capacity considering complex systems such as satellite propulsion system.An extended object-oriented Petri net(EOOPN)method was proposed to facilitate the reliability modelling of satellite propulsion system in the paper.The proposed method was specified for modelling of phased mission system,and it could be implemented by generating combination of Petri net(PN)principles and object-oriented(OO)programming.The effectiveness of the proposed method was demonstrated through the reliability modelling of a satellite propulsion system with EOOPN.The major advantage of the proposed method is that the dimension of net model can be reduced significantly,and phased mission system at system,phase,or component levels can be respectively depicted.Furthermore,the state-space explosion problem is solved by the proposed EOOPN model efficiently.展开更多
Pebble bed reactors use cycling scheme of spherical fuel elements relying on fuel elements cycling system (FECS). The structure and control logic of FECS are very complex. Each control link has strict requirements on ...Pebble bed reactors use cycling scheme of spherical fuel elements relying on fuel elements cycling system (FECS). The structure and control logic of FECS are very complex. Each control link has strict requirements on time and sequence. This increases the difficulties of description and analysis. In this paper, timed places control Petri nets (TPCPN) is applied for the modeling of FECS. On this basis the simulation of two important processes, namely uploading fuel elements into the core for the first time and emptying the core is finished by simulation software Arena. The results show that as TPCPN is able to describe different kinds of logic relationship and has time properties and control properties, it’s very suitable for the modeling and analysis of FECS.展开更多
论文基于时延Petri网(Timed Petri Net,TdPN)建立了一种考虑行人影响的可变相序信号控制模型,以有效缓解城市交叉口交通拥堵、车辆通行效率低下的问题。首先使用时延Petri网描述行人过街行为及其与车流冲突的过程,并对可变相序下车流受...论文基于时延Petri网(Timed Petri Net,TdPN)建立了一种考虑行人影响的可变相序信号控制模型,以有效缓解城市交叉口交通拥堵、车辆通行效率低下的问题。首先使用时延Petri网描述行人过街行为及其与车流冲突的过程,并对可变相序下车流受行人影响的配时进行决策,提出了一种滚动优化算法。该算法结合每个信号周期的车流与行人信息,按照先决策相序后决策配时的步骤对系统进行滚动优化,最终获得当前周期的最佳信号控制方案。通过将此模型与其他未虑行人影响的可变相序模型[12]和固定相序时延Petri网模型综合对比验证发现,该模型能有效缓解交通拥堵、提高交叉口的通行效率。展开更多
In this work, Session Initiation Protocol model is established by using Timed Colored Petri Nets (TCPN). SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) is a protocol developed to assist in providing advanced telephony services acr...In this work, Session Initiation Protocol model is established by using Timed Colored Petri Nets (TCPN). SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) is a protocol developed to assist in providing advanced telephony services across the Internet. The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) has become the quasi-standard for Voiceover-Internet Protocol (VoIP) communications. SIP is based on a client–server infrastructure in which user agents represent the end-terminals as clients, proxy servers handle SIP message routing between the user agents, and registrar servers store the client’s contact information into a location service. By use of timed color set and useful time attributes in tokens defined in CPN tools, timer and time-related problems of SIP are modeled and analyzed. Timer is an important part for SIP, especially the INVITE transaction.展开更多
Time Petri Nets在实时系统的建模和性能分析中得到广泛应用,而冲突是Petri网及其扩展模型的重要行为,解决冲突是正确分析模型动态行为的关键.目前随机Petri网、混合Petri网和区间速率连续Petri网的冲突检测方法由于没有考虑到时间约束...Time Petri Nets在实时系统的建模和性能分析中得到广泛应用,而冲突是Petri网及其扩展模型的重要行为,解决冲突是正确分析模型动态行为的关键.目前随机Petri网、混合Petri网和区间速率连续Petri网的冲突检测方法由于没有考虑到时间约束因此无法在TPN网中使用.时间约束的引入使得Time Petri Nets模型的使能和触发语义比Petri网模型的语义复杂,冲突检测变得更加困难.为了计算冲突发生的时间和概率,首先根据时间约束,给出了变迁持续使能时延迟区间的计算方法,并证明了该方法的合理性和完备性;然后在此基础上定义并证明了Time Petri Nets模型中不冲突的检测方法;并提出了Time Petri Nets模型的冲突检测方法,给出了冲突时间区间和变迁实施概率的计算方法;最后通过实例验证说明了该方法的正确性和有效性.展开更多
time Petri net(TPN)在实时控制系统的建模中得到广泛应用,而冲撞是Petri网及其扩展模型的重要行为,解决冲撞是正确分析模型动态行为的关键.由于引入时间约束,使得TPN模型的使能和触发语义比Petri网模型的语义复杂,冲撞的检测及消解变...time Petri net(TPN)在实时控制系统的建模中得到广泛应用,而冲撞是Petri网及其扩展模型的重要行为,解决冲撞是正确分析模型动态行为的关键.由于引入时间约束,使得TPN模型的使能和触发语义比Petri网模型的语义复杂,冲撞的检测及消解变得更加困难.首先根据时间约束,给出了变迁持续使能时延迟区间的计算方法,并证明了该方法的正确性;然后在此基础上定义并证明了TPN模型中冲撞的检测方法;给出了冲撞时间区间及修改时间约束的冲撞消解方法;最后通过实例验证说明了该方法的有效性和正确性.展开更多
文摘In many service delivery systems,the quantity of available resources is often a decisive factor of service quality.Resources can be personnel,offices,devices,supplies,and so on,depending on the nature of the services a system provides.Although service computing has been an active research topic for decades,general approaches that assess the impact of resource provisioning on service quality matrices in a rigorous way remain to be seen.Petri nets have been a popular formalism for modeling systems exhibiting behaviors of competition and concurrency for almost a half century.Stochastic timed Petri nets(STPN),an extension to regular Petri nets,are a powerful tool for system performance evaluation.However,we did not find any single existing STPN software tool that supports all timed transition firing policies and server types,not to mention resource provisioning and requirement analysis.This paper presents a generic and resource oriented STPN simulation engine that provides all critical features necessary for the analysis of service delivery system quality vs.resource provisioning.The power of the simulation system is illustrated by an application to emergency health care systems.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60873003)
文摘Recently automotive nets are adopted to solve increasing problems in automotive electronic systems.Technologies of automotive local area network from CAN and LIN can solve the problems of the increasing of wire bunch weight and lack in module installation space.However,the multilayer automotive nets software becomes more and more complex,and the development expense is difficult to predict and to keep in check.In this paper,the modeling method of hierarchical automotive nets and the substitution operation based on object-oriented colored Petri net(OOCPN) are proposed.The OOCPN model which analyzes the software structure and validates the collision mechanism of CAN/LIN bus can speed the automobile system development.First,the subsystems are divided and modeled by object-oriented Petri net(OOPN).According to the sets of message sharing relations,the message ports among them are set and the communication gate transitions are defined.Second,the OOPN model is substituted step by step until the inner objects in the automotive body control modules(BCM) are indivisible and colored by colored Petri net(CPN).And the color subsets mark the node messages for the collision mechanism.Third,the OOCPN model of the automotive body CAN/LIN nets is assembled,which keeps the message sets and the system can be expanded.The proposed model is used to analyze features of information sharing among the objects,and it is also used to describe each subsystem real-time behavior of processing messages and implemental device controllers operating,and puts forward a reasonable software framework for the automotive body control subsystem.The research can help to design the communication model in the automotive body system effectively and provide a convenient and rapid way for developing the logical hierarchy software.
基金This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50085003).
文摘Object-oriented Petri nets (OPNs) is extended into stochastic object-oriented Petri nets (SOPNs) by associating the OPN of an object with stochastic transitions and introducing stochastic places. The stochastic transition of the SOPNs of a production resources can be used to model its reliability, while the SOPN of a production resource can describe its performance with reliability considered. The SOPN model of a case production system is built to illustrate the relationship between the system's performances and the failures of individual production resources.
文摘A discrete event system is a dynamical system whose state evolves in time by the occurrence of events at possibly irregular time intervals. Timed Petri nets are a graphical and mathematical modeling tool applicable to discrete event systems in order to represent its states evolution where the timing at which the state changes is taken into consideration. One of the most important performance issues to be considered in a discrete event system is its stability. Lyapunov theory provides the required tools needed to aboard the stability and stabilization problems for discrete event systems modeled with timed Petri nets whose mathematical model is given in terms of difference equations. By proving stability one guarantees a bound on the discrete event systems state dynamics. When the system is unstable, a sufficient condition to stabilize the system is given. It is shown that it is possible to restrict the discrete event systems state space in such a way that boundedness is achieved. However, the restriction is not numerically precisely known. This inconvenience is overcome by considering a specific recurrence equation, in the max-plus algebra, which is assigned to the timed Petri net graphical model.
文摘In shared-memory bus-based multiprocessors, when the number of processors grows, the processors spend an increasing amount of time waiting for access to the bus (and shared memory). This contention reduces the performance of processors and imposes a limitation of the number of processors that can be used efficiently in bus-based systems. Since the multi-processor’s performance depends upon many parameters which affect the performance in different ways, timed Petri nets are used to model shared-memory bus-based multiprocessors at the instruction execution level, and the developed models are used to study how the performance of processors changes with the number of processors in the system. The results illustrate very well the restriction on the number of processors imposed by the shared bus. All performance characteristics presented in this paper are obtained by discrete-event simulation of Petri net models.
文摘针对混流装配线工序加工资源需求多样、工艺复杂、装配工期长等问题,采用Petri网和改进遗传算法对该问题进行优化求解。建立混流装配线赋时库所Petri网(timed place Petri net, TPPN)调度模型,基于模型激发序列,采用基于工序的编码方式进行染色体编码;采用精英保留策略选择优异个体,改进遗传算法的交叉、变异操作,用改进后的遗传算法求解混流装配线调度问题。通过对比案例及实例数据计算结果验证了方案的有效性。
文摘A colored timed Petri net(CTPN)modeling technique is developed for flexible assembly system(FAS) In particular,one section is devoted to the deadlock nodel based on the Petri net The rule of the deadlock error recovery is given Through the analysis of the behavioral properties of the FAS with the deadlock recovery model,the deadlock problem would be solved in the system.
文摘Civil aircraft maintenance process simulation model is an effective method for analyzing the maintainability of a civil aircraft. First, we present the Hierarchical Colored Timed Petri Nets for maintenance process modeling of civil aircraft. Then, we expound a general method of civil aircraft maintenance activities, determine the maintenance level for decomposition, and propose the methods of describing logic of relations between the maintenance activities based on Petri Net. Finally, a time Colored Petri multi-level network modeling and simulation procedures and steps are given with the maintenance example of the landing gear burst tire of a certain type of aircraft. The feasibility of the method is proved by the example.
文摘A fine grained distributed multimedia synchronization model——Enhanced Fuzzy timing Petri Net was proposed which is good at modeling indeterminacy and fuzzy. To satisfy the need of maximum tolerable jitter, the sufficient conditions are given in intra object synchronization. Method to find a proper granularity in inter object synchronization is also given to satisfy skew. Exceptions are detected and corrected as early as possible using restricted blocking method.
文摘Modern satellite propulsion systems are generally designed to fulfill multiphase-missions.Traditional reliability modelling methods have problems of inadequate depict capacity considering complex systems such as satellite propulsion system.An extended object-oriented Petri net(EOOPN)method was proposed to facilitate the reliability modelling of satellite propulsion system in the paper.The proposed method was specified for modelling of phased mission system,and it could be implemented by generating combination of Petri net(PN)principles and object-oriented(OO)programming.The effectiveness of the proposed method was demonstrated through the reliability modelling of a satellite propulsion system with EOOPN.The major advantage of the proposed method is that the dimension of net model can be reduced significantly,and phased mission system at system,phase,or component levels can be respectively depicted.Furthermore,the state-space explosion problem is solved by the proposed EOOPN model efficiently.
文摘Pebble bed reactors use cycling scheme of spherical fuel elements relying on fuel elements cycling system (FECS). The structure and control logic of FECS are very complex. Each control link has strict requirements on time and sequence. This increases the difficulties of description and analysis. In this paper, timed places control Petri nets (TPCPN) is applied for the modeling of FECS. On this basis the simulation of two important processes, namely uploading fuel elements into the core for the first time and emptying the core is finished by simulation software Arena. The results show that as TPCPN is able to describe different kinds of logic relationship and has time properties and control properties, it’s very suitable for the modeling and analysis of FECS.
文摘论文基于时延Petri网(Timed Petri Net,TdPN)建立了一种考虑行人影响的可变相序信号控制模型,以有效缓解城市交叉口交通拥堵、车辆通行效率低下的问题。首先使用时延Petri网描述行人过街行为及其与车流冲突的过程,并对可变相序下车流受行人影响的配时进行决策,提出了一种滚动优化算法。该算法结合每个信号周期的车流与行人信息,按照先决策相序后决策配时的步骤对系统进行滚动优化,最终获得当前周期的最佳信号控制方案。通过将此模型与其他未虑行人影响的可变相序模型[12]和固定相序时延Petri网模型综合对比验证发现,该模型能有效缓解交通拥堵、提高交叉口的通行效率。
文摘In this work, Session Initiation Protocol model is established by using Timed Colored Petri Nets (TCPN). SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) is a protocol developed to assist in providing advanced telephony services across the Internet. The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) has become the quasi-standard for Voiceover-Internet Protocol (VoIP) communications. SIP is based on a client–server infrastructure in which user agents represent the end-terminals as clients, proxy servers handle SIP message routing between the user agents, and registrar servers store the client’s contact information into a location service. By use of timed color set and useful time attributes in tokens defined in CPN tools, timer and time-related problems of SIP are modeled and analyzed. Timer is an important part for SIP, especially the INVITE transaction.
文摘Time Petri Nets在实时系统的建模和性能分析中得到广泛应用,而冲突是Petri网及其扩展模型的重要行为,解决冲突是正确分析模型动态行为的关键.目前随机Petri网、混合Petri网和区间速率连续Petri网的冲突检测方法由于没有考虑到时间约束因此无法在TPN网中使用.时间约束的引入使得Time Petri Nets模型的使能和触发语义比Petri网模型的语义复杂,冲突检测变得更加困难.为了计算冲突发生的时间和概率,首先根据时间约束,给出了变迁持续使能时延迟区间的计算方法,并证明了该方法的合理性和完备性;然后在此基础上定义并证明了Time Petri Nets模型中不冲突的检测方法;并提出了Time Petri Nets模型的冲突检测方法,给出了冲突时间区间和变迁实施概率的计算方法;最后通过实例验证说明了该方法的正确性和有效性.
文摘time Petri net(TPN)在实时控制系统的建模中得到广泛应用,而冲撞是Petri网及其扩展模型的重要行为,解决冲撞是正确分析模型动态行为的关键.由于引入时间约束,使得TPN模型的使能和触发语义比Petri网模型的语义复杂,冲撞的检测及消解变得更加困难.首先根据时间约束,给出了变迁持续使能时延迟区间的计算方法,并证明了该方法的正确性;然后在此基础上定义并证明了TPN模型中冲撞的检测方法;给出了冲撞时间区间及修改时间约束的冲撞消解方法;最后通过实例验证说明了该方法的有效性和正确性.
