A novel soft chemical approach was developed to synthesize tin oxide-based powders. The microstructure, morphology, and electrochemical performance of the materials were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning ele...A novel soft chemical approach was developed to synthesize tin oxide-based powders. The microstructure, morphology, and electrochemical performance of the materials were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and electrochemical methods. The results show that the particles of tin oxide-based materials form an interconnected network structure like mesoporous material. The average size of the particles is about 200 nm. The materials deliver a charge capacity of more than 570 mA·h·g-1. And the capacity loss per cycle is about 0.15% after being cycled for 30 times. The good electrochemical performance indicates that tin oxide-based materials are promising anodes for lithium ion batteries.展开更多
Since the ferromagnetic(Fe_(3)O_(4))nanoparticles were firstly reported to exert enzyme-like activity in 2007,extensive research progress in nanozymes has been made with deep investigation of diverse nanozymes and rap...Since the ferromagnetic(Fe_(3)O_(4))nanoparticles were firstly reported to exert enzyme-like activity in 2007,extensive research progress in nanozymes has been made with deep investigation of diverse nanozymes and rapid development of related nanotechnologies.As promising alterna-tives for natural enzymes,nanozymes have broadened the way toward clinical medicine,food safety,environmental monitoring,and chemical production.The past decade has witnessed the rapid development of metal-and metal oxide-based nanozymes owing to their remarkable physicochemical proper-ties in parallel with low cost,high stability,and easy storage.It is widely known that the deep study of catalytic activities and mechanism sheds sig-nificant influence on the applications of nanozymes.This review digs into the characteristics and intrinsic properties of metal-and metal oxide-based nanozymes,especially emphasizing their catalytic mechanism and recent applications in biological analysis,relieving inflammation,antibacterial,and cancer therapy.We also conclude the present challenges and provide insights into the future research of nanozymes constituted of metal and metal oxide nanomaterials.展开更多
With the increasing demands for electrical energy storage technologies,rechargeable zinc ion batteries(ZIBs)have been rapidly developed in recent years owing to their high safety,low cost and high energy storage capab...With the increasing demands for electrical energy storage technologies,rechargeable zinc ion batteries(ZIBs)have been rapidly developed in recent years owing to their high safety,low cost and high energy storage capability.The cathode is an essential part of ZIBs,which hosts zinc ions and determines the capacity,rate and cycling performance of the battery.The mainstream cathodes for ZIBs are oxidebased materials with tunnel,layer or 3 D crystal structures.In this review,we mainly focus on the latest advanced oxide-based cathode materials in ZIBs,including manganese oxides,vanadium oxides,spinel compounds,and other metal oxide based cathodes.In addition,the mechanisms of zinc storage and recent development in cathode design have been discussed in detail.Finally,current challenges and perspectives for the future research directions of oxide-based cathodes in ZIBs are presented.展开更多
The oxygen evolution reaction(OER) is the basis of various sustainable energy conversion and storage techniques,especially hydrogen production by water electrolysis.To realize the practical application of hydrogen ene...The oxygen evolution reaction(OER) is the basis of various sustainable energy conversion and storage techniques,especially hydrogen production by water electrolysis.To realize the practical application of hydrogen energy and mass-scale hydrogen production via water electrolysis,several obstacles,such as the multi-electron transfer OER process with sluggish kinetics and overall high reaction barrier,should be overcome.Manganese oxide-based(MnOx) materials,especially MnO_(2),have emerged as promising non-noble electrocatalysts for water electro-oxidation under acidic conditions due to their wellbalanced properties between catalytic activity and stability.This review introduces the fundamental understanding of the catalytic OER process on MnOx-based materials,including the conventional adsorbate evolution mechanism(AEM) and emerging lattice oxygen oxidation mechanism(LOM).The rational screening and prediction of MnOx-based catalysts that can stably catalyze OER in acid are summarized based on Pourbaix diagram analysis and thermodynamic density functional theory(DFT) calculations.Then,the up-to-date progress of upgrading the OER catalytic performance of MnOx-based catalysts by composite construction is reviewed.Afterward,feasible strategies to improve the electrocatalytic activity and lifetime of MnOx-based catalysts are systemically discussed in terms of crystal structure control,reasonable setting of working potential and electrolyte environment,optimal selection of acid-stable conductive supports,and self-healing engineering.Finally,future scientific challenges and research directions are outlined to guide the construction of advanced MnOx-based electrocatalysts for OER in acid.展开更多
We demonstrate a Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser （EDFL） using a newly developed zinc oxide- （ZnO） based saturable absorber （SA）. The SA is fabricated by embedding a prepared ZnO powder into a poly（vinyl alc...We demonstrate a Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser （EDFL） using a newly developed zinc oxide- （ZnO） based saturable absorber （SA）. The SA is fabricated by embedding a prepared ZnO powder into a poly（vinyl alcohol） film. A small piece of the film is then sandwiched between two fiber ferrules and is incorporated in an EDFL cavity for generating a stable Q-switching pulse train. The EDFL operates at 1560.4nm with a pump power threshold of 11.8mW, a pulse repetition rate tunable from 22.79 to 61.43kHz, and the smallest pulse width of 7.00 μs. The Q-switching pulse shows no spectral modulation with a peak-to-pedestal ratio of 62 dB indicating the high stability of the laser. These results show that the ZnO powder has a great potential to be used for pulsed laser applications.展开更多
Zn and Co multi-doped CeO2 thin films have been prepared using an anodic electrochemical method. The structures and magnetic behaviors are characterized by several techniques, in which the oxygen states in the lattice...Zn and Co multi-doped CeO2 thin films have been prepared using an anodic electrochemical method. The structures and magnetic behaviors are characterized by several techniques, in which the oxygen states in the lattice and the absorptive oxygen bonds at the surface are carefully examined. The absorptive oxygen bond is about 50% of the total oxygen bond by using a semi-quantitative method. The value of actual stoichiometry δ′ is close to 2. The experimental results indicate that the thin films are of a cerium oxide-based solid solution with few oxygen vacancies in the lattice and many absorptive oxygen bonds at the surface. Week ferromagnetic behaviors were evidenced by observed M-H hysteresis loops at room temperature. Furthermore, an evidence of relative ferromagnetic contributions was revealed by the temperature dependence of magnetization. It is believed that the ferromagnetic contributions exhibited in the M-H loops originate from the absorptive oxygen on the surface rather than the oxygen vacancies in the lattice.展开更多
The aim of this work is to inventory and study the lignicolous parasitic macrofungi of the Tin plant formation. The mycological outings from July to September 2018 and 2019, collected forty-four (44) basidiomes throug...The aim of this work is to inventory and study the lignicolous parasitic macrofungi of the Tin plant formation. The mycological outings from July to September 2018 and 2019, collected forty-four (44) basidiomes through a random sampling device over an area of 40,000 m2 including 1000 m long by 40 m2 wide. The standard methods and techniques used in mycology for taxonomic studies were used to describe and classify the carpophores collected in three families: Hymenochaetaceae, Ganodermataceae and Polyporaceae, into eight genera: Onnia (4.55%), Amauroderma (4.55%), Ganoderma (20.45%), Phellinus (52.27%), Inonotus (4.55%), Phellinopsis (6.82%), Grammothele (2.27%) and Trametes (4.55%). The genera Phellinus and Ganoderma were the most abundant. Finally, eight species were identified: Inonotus cf. ochroporus, Inonotus cf. pachyphloeus, Phellinus cf. cryptarum, Phellinus cf. hartigii, Phellinus cf. hippophaecola;Phellinus cf. robustus, Phellinus cf. igniarius, et Amauroderma cf. fasciculatum. Seven fungal species belong to the family Hymenochaetaceae and only the species Amauroderma cf. fasciculatum is a Ganodermataceae. However, all these fungal species are shown to be parasites of trunks and/or branches of the following woody: Parkia biglobosa (50%), Anogeissus leiocarpus (25%), Annona senegalensis (12.5%) and Mangifera indica (12.5%). Authors attest that the presence of phytoparasitic polypores in a plant formation is an indicator of aging hence the urgency to put in place the appropriate measures to safeguard and restore Tin’s plant formation.展开更多
文摘A novel soft chemical approach was developed to synthesize tin oxide-based powders. The microstructure, morphology, and electrochemical performance of the materials were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and electrochemical methods. The results show that the particles of tin oxide-based materials form an interconnected network structure like mesoporous material. The average size of the particles is about 200 nm. The materials deliver a charge capacity of more than 570 mA·h·g-1. And the capacity loss per cycle is about 0.15% after being cycled for 30 times. The good electrochemical performance indicates that tin oxide-based materials are promising anodes for lithium ion batteries.
基金the supports of the National Foundational Basic Research Project of China(2017YFA0205301)National Nature Scientific Foundation Innovation Team of China(81921002)+6 种基金National Nature Scientific foundation of China(8202010801,81903169,81803094,81602184,81822024 and 81571729)Shanghai Municipal Commission of Economy and Information Technology Fund(No.XC-ZXSJ-02-2016-05)the medical engineering cross project of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(YG2017Z D05)the Project of Thousand Youth Talents from Chinathe National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFC1200904)the financial support of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020TQ0191)Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument(No.15DZ2252000)。
文摘Since the ferromagnetic(Fe_(3)O_(4))nanoparticles were firstly reported to exert enzyme-like activity in 2007,extensive research progress in nanozymes has been made with deep investigation of diverse nanozymes and rapid development of related nanotechnologies.As promising alterna-tives for natural enzymes,nanozymes have broadened the way toward clinical medicine,food safety,environmental monitoring,and chemical production.The past decade has witnessed the rapid development of metal-and metal oxide-based nanozymes owing to their remarkable physicochemical proper-ties in parallel with low cost,high stability,and easy storage.It is widely known that the deep study of catalytic activities and mechanism sheds sig-nificant influence on the applications of nanozymes.This review digs into the characteristics and intrinsic properties of metal-and metal oxide-based nanozymes,especially emphasizing their catalytic mechanism and recent applications in biological analysis,relieving inflammation,antibacterial,and cancer therapy.We also conclude the present challenges and provide insights into the future research of nanozymes constituted of metal and metal oxide nanomaterials.
基金funded by the Australian Research Council Project(grant no.LP190100113)the award of a Future Fellow from Australian Research Council(FT170100224)。
文摘With the increasing demands for electrical energy storage technologies,rechargeable zinc ion batteries(ZIBs)have been rapidly developed in recent years owing to their high safety,low cost and high energy storage capability.The cathode is an essential part of ZIBs,which hosts zinc ions and determines the capacity,rate and cycling performance of the battery.The mainstream cathodes for ZIBs are oxidebased materials with tunnel,layer or 3 D crystal structures.In this review,we mainly focus on the latest advanced oxide-based cathode materials in ZIBs,including manganese oxides,vanadium oxides,spinel compounds,and other metal oxide based cathodes.In addition,the mechanisms of zinc storage and recent development in cathode design have been discussed in detail.Finally,current challenges and perspectives for the future research directions of oxide-based cathodes in ZIBs are presented.
基金the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21962008)the Yunnan Province Excellent Youth Fund Project(202001AW070005)the Yunnan Ten Thousand Talents Plan Young & Elite Talents Project(YNWR-QNBJ-2018-346)。
文摘The oxygen evolution reaction(OER) is the basis of various sustainable energy conversion and storage techniques,especially hydrogen production by water electrolysis.To realize the practical application of hydrogen energy and mass-scale hydrogen production via water electrolysis,several obstacles,such as the multi-electron transfer OER process with sluggish kinetics and overall high reaction barrier,should be overcome.Manganese oxide-based(MnOx) materials,especially MnO_(2),have emerged as promising non-noble electrocatalysts for water electro-oxidation under acidic conditions due to their wellbalanced properties between catalytic activity and stability.This review introduces the fundamental understanding of the catalytic OER process on MnOx-based materials,including the conventional adsorbate evolution mechanism(AEM) and emerging lattice oxygen oxidation mechanism(LOM).The rational screening and prediction of MnOx-based catalysts that can stably catalyze OER in acid are summarized based on Pourbaix diagram analysis and thermodynamic density functional theory(DFT) calculations.Then,the up-to-date progress of upgrading the OER catalytic performance of MnOx-based catalysts by composite construction is reviewed.Afterward,feasible strategies to improve the electrocatalytic activity and lifetime of MnOx-based catalysts are systemically discussed in terms of crystal structure control,reasonable setting of working potential and electrolyte environment,optimal selection of acid-stable conductive supports,and self-healing engineering.Finally,future scientific challenges and research directions are outlined to guide the construction of advanced MnOx-based electrocatalysts for OER in acid.
基金Supported by the University of Malaya under Grant No PG173-2015B
文摘We demonstrate a Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser （EDFL） using a newly developed zinc oxide- （ZnO） based saturable absorber （SA）. The SA is fabricated by embedding a prepared ZnO powder into a poly（vinyl alcohol） film. A small piece of the film is then sandwiched between two fiber ferrules and is incorporated in an EDFL cavity for generating a stable Q-switching pulse train. The EDFL operates at 1560.4nm with a pump power threshold of 11.8mW, a pulse repetition rate tunable from 22.79 to 61.43kHz, and the smallest pulse width of 7.00 μs. The Q-switching pulse shows no spectral modulation with a peak-to-pedestal ratio of 62 dB indicating the high stability of the laser. These results show that the ZnO powder has a great potential to be used for pulsed laser applications.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China(Grant No.LY12A01002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11204058 and 21073162)the Hangzhou Dianzi University,China(Grant No.KYF09150603)
文摘Zn and Co multi-doped CeO2 thin films have been prepared using an anodic electrochemical method. The structures and magnetic behaviors are characterized by several techniques, in which the oxygen states in the lattice and the absorptive oxygen bonds at the surface are carefully examined. The absorptive oxygen bond is about 50% of the total oxygen bond by using a semi-quantitative method. The value of actual stoichiometry δ′ is close to 2. The experimental results indicate that the thin films are of a cerium oxide-based solid solution with few oxygen vacancies in the lattice and many absorptive oxygen bonds at the surface. Week ferromagnetic behaviors were evidenced by observed M-H hysteresis loops at room temperature. Furthermore, an evidence of relative ferromagnetic contributions was revealed by the temperature dependence of magnetization. It is believed that the ferromagnetic contributions exhibited in the M-H loops originate from the absorptive oxygen on the surface rather than the oxygen vacancies in the lattice.
文摘The aim of this work is to inventory and study the lignicolous parasitic macrofungi of the Tin plant formation. The mycological outings from July to September 2018 and 2019, collected forty-four (44) basidiomes through a random sampling device over an area of 40,000 m2 including 1000 m long by 40 m2 wide. The standard methods and techniques used in mycology for taxonomic studies were used to describe and classify the carpophores collected in three families: Hymenochaetaceae, Ganodermataceae and Polyporaceae, into eight genera: Onnia (4.55%), Amauroderma (4.55%), Ganoderma (20.45%), Phellinus (52.27%), Inonotus (4.55%), Phellinopsis (6.82%), Grammothele (2.27%) and Trametes (4.55%). The genera Phellinus and Ganoderma were the most abundant. Finally, eight species were identified: Inonotus cf. ochroporus, Inonotus cf. pachyphloeus, Phellinus cf. cryptarum, Phellinus cf. hartigii, Phellinus cf. hippophaecola;Phellinus cf. robustus, Phellinus cf. igniarius, et Amauroderma cf. fasciculatum. Seven fungal species belong to the family Hymenochaetaceae and only the species Amauroderma cf. fasciculatum is a Ganodermataceae. However, all these fungal species are shown to be parasites of trunks and/or branches of the following woody: Parkia biglobosa (50%), Anogeissus leiocarpus (25%), Annona senegalensis (12.5%) and Mangifera indica (12.5%). Authors attest that the presence of phytoparasitic polypores in a plant formation is an indicator of aging hence the urgency to put in place the appropriate measures to safeguard and restore Tin’s plant formation.
