Progress in neurorehabilitation research and the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China from 2010 to 2022

The National Natural Science Foundation of China is one of the major funding agencies for neuro rehabilitation research in China.This study reviews the frontier directions and achievements in the field of neurorehabilitation in China and wo rldwide.We used data from the Web of Science Core Collection(WoSCC) database to analyze the publications and data provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China to analyze funding information.In addition,the prospects for neurorehabilitation research in China are discussed.From 2010 to 2022,a total of 74,220 publications in neurorehabilitation were identified,with there being an overall upward tendency.During this period,the National Natural Science Foundation of China has funded 476 research projects with a total funding of 192.38 million RMB to support neuro rehabilitation research in China.With the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,China has made some achievements in neurorehabilitation research.Research related to neurorehabilitation is believed to be making steady and significant progress in China.

Weak influence of natural vegetation in urban green spaces compared to agricultural ecosystems on House Martin populations:Insights from nationwide citizen science data in the Czech Republic

The House Martin(Delichon urbicum)is a common farmland bird species in the European landscape,yet its population numbers are currently in decline.However,it is not yet sufficiently explained why this long-term decline occurs.To fill this gap in our knowledge,we investigated how land cover composition affects the abundance of House Martins on the landscape scale by using nationwide citizen science data.Utilizing a generalised linear mixed-effect model(GLMM),we evaluated 12,094 records from the Czech Republic spanning 2009-2017.Our analysis underscores the significance of land cover type in shaping House Martin abundance.More specifically,our results indicate that within agricultural land covers“naturally managed arable lands”exhibited significant positive effect,while forests,orchards,and vineyards were deemed less favourable for House Martin populations.Within urban land covers,we found a clear distinction in the impact on House Martin populations,with a positive effect observed in urban infrastructure,development areas,and post-industrial sites(i.e.,UrbanAreas),while an indifferent impact was noted within urban green spaces and landscaped areas(i.e.,GreenUrban).Notably,our findings suggest that the simple spatial,age,and species structure typical of forests in Europe,and similarly,the uniform structure of parks and gardens,may be responsible for the decline in the abundance of the House Martin.We advocate for the preservation or enhancement of urban greenery,expansion of natural vegetation in rural areas and adoption of ecological management practices in orchards and vineyards to mitigate further declines in House Martin populations.

LIRR's Project of “Study on Spalling Mechanism Mechanism of Dense Refractory Castables by Rapid Heating-up” Being Obtained the Support from National Natural Natural Science Foundation of China

LIRR＇s Priject of ＂Research on Spalling Mechanism Due to Rapid Heating-up of Dense Refractory Castables＂ declared by Wang Zhanmin,vice-president of LIRR,will gain the fund support from National Natural Science Foundation of China in 2011.

Science and Technology Commissioners Supporting High-Quality Development Project for Hundreds of Counties, Thousands of Towns, and Myriads of Villages in the Context of Rural Revitalization

This paper discusses the important role of science and technology commissioners in the high-quality development of hundreds of counties,thousands of towns,and myriads of villages in the context of rural revitalization,including building bridges,accelerating the transformation of achievements,promoting the value-added of the whole agricultural industry chain,and promoting the rapid development of rural industrial economy.It also discusses the working achievements of science and technology commissioners,in order to promote further development of rural revitalization in Guangdong Province.

The State of Geological Sciences in the USSR by the Mid-Twentieth Century

The November 1948 open session of the Institute of Geological Sciences AS USSR was previously unknown,in contrast to the August 1948 session of VASKhNIL.The publication of the transcript of the session of geologists is based on the original verified transcript from the Geological Institute and the Archive RAS.It presented reports on the main scientific directions of geology:stratigraphy,the Quaternary geology,lithology,geotectonics,petrography and petrology,mineralogy and geochemistry,and the geology of ore and coal deposits.This thick book details all the Q&A sessions,discussions of theories,methods,and practice among the leading Soviet geoscientists.The session and its resolution describe the situation and development of geology in the USSR in the mid-twentieth century as well as the collateral impact of the Lysenko affair on the earth sciences in the USSR.

Basic regulatory science behind drug substance and drug product specifications of monoclonal antibodies and other protein therapeutics

In this review,we focus on providing basics and examples for each component of the protein therapeutic specifications to interested pharmacists and biopharmaceutical scientists with a goal to strengthen understanding in regulatory science and compliance.Pharmaceutical specifications comprise a list of important quality attributes for testing,references to use for test procedures,and appropriate acceptance criteria for the tests,and they are set up to ensure that when a drug product is administered to a patient,its intended therapeutic benefits and safety can be rendered appropriately.Conformance of drug substance or drug product to the specifications is achieved by testing an article according to the listed tests and analytical methods and obtaining test results that meet the acceptance criteria.Quality attributes are chosen to be tested based on their quality risk,and consideration should be given to the merit of the analytical methods which are associated with the acceptance criteria of the specifications.Acceptance criteria are set forth primarily based on efficacy and safety profiles,with an increasing attention noted for patient-centric specifications.Discussed in this work are related guidelines that support the biopharmaceutical specification setting,how to set the acceptance criteria,and examples of the quality attributes and the analytical methods from 60 articles and 23 pharmacopeial monographs.Outlooks are also explored on process analytical technologies and other orthogonal tools which are on-trend in biopharmaceutical characterization and quality control.

Recent geomagnetic storms observed by Macao Science Satellite-1

Geomagnetic storms are rapid disturbances of the Earth’s magnetosphere.They are related to many geophysical phenomena and have large influences on human activities.Observing and studying geomagnetic storms is thus of great significance to both scientific research and geomagnetic hazards prevention.The Macao Science Satellite-1(MSS-1)project includes two high-precision Chinese geomagnetic satellites successfully launched on May 21,2023.The main purpose of MSS-1 is to accurately measure the Earth’s magnetic field.Here,we analyze early MSS-1 geomagnetic field measurements and report observations of two recent geomagnetic storms that occurred on March 24,2024 and May 11,2024.We also calculate the related geoelectric fields as an initial step towards a quantitative assessment of geomagnetic hazards.

Resonance From the Past to the Future:Mythological Metaphors in Chinese Science Fiction Films

This paper is centered on the extent to which contemporary Chinese science fiction is related to ancient Chinese mythologies according to the previous scholarly discussion and how these ancient mythologies are utilized specifically in the futuristic narratives of modern Chinese science fiction.By referring to academic dialogues,this paper argues that ancient mythologies can be recreated in modern science fiction and create modern mythologies in futuristic narratives to present or deal with modern human fears.Based on this argument,this paper then continues to explore what kinds of modern mythologies science fiction might deliver.The Chinese film The Wandering Earth(2019)will be discussed in terms of its mythological symbols and metaphors.This paper proposes a new approach through which to reconnect past stories with futuristic narratives and builds a frame in which to contextualize ancient mythologies in contemporary Chinese culture.

Science Put to the Test of Mysticism in the “Navetanes”

Mystical practices or “Xon” exist in virtually every sector of social life in Senegal. Popular or “navétane” football is particularly and profoundly affected by this phenomenon, to the point of raising questions about their place in this sport, which is naturally governed by scientific rules of performance. To provide an answer, we used qualitative methods, including participant observation and semi-structured interviews with 9 coaches and those in charge of the “xonjom”. The main results highlight the predominance of “Xon” over training. The players pay more attention to the mystics. The creation of a commission responsible for occult practices and the efforts made by the players to approach occultists and ensure that their instructions are respected attest to the importance of “xonjom”. As a result of the social anchoring provided by education, popular football is not spared from “xon”. More time is spent practising mysticism than training. They are seen as a source of victory, playing the role of psychological preparation. The centralisation of “xonjom” is reflected in the prioritisation of “xon” over training. The marabouts’ instructions take precedence over those of the trainers.

Multi-disciplinary Pathways to Computing:A Scalable and Col aborative Approach to Capitalize on the Demand for Computer Science Education

The number of students demanding computer science(CS)education is rapidly rising,and while faculty sizes are also growing,the traditional pipeline consisting of a CS major,a CS master’s,and then a move to industry or a Ph.D.program is simply not scalable.To address this problem,the Department of Computing at the University of Illinois has introduced a multidisciplinary approach to computing,which is a scalable and collaborative approach to capitalize on the tremendous demand for computer science education.The key component of the approach is the blended major,also referred to as“CS+X”,where CS denotes computer science and X denotes a non-computing field.These CS+X blended degrees enable win-win partnerships among multiple subject areas,distributing the educational responsibilities while growing the entire university.To meet the demand from non-CS majors,another pathway that is offered is a graduate certificate program in addition to the traditional minor program.To accommodate the large number of students,scalable teaching tools,such as automatic graders,have also been developed.

Practice and Thinking of Agricultural Science and Technology Experts Serving the Grassroots to Promote Rural Revitalization

Provincial agricultural research institutes are local agricultural research institutions.They are familiar with local agricultural and ru-ral conditions,and have advantages in scientific and technological achievements,technical reserves and the construction of scientific and tech-nological talent support systems.In the process of promoting the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy,all the responsibilities and obligations of the agricultural research institute are to identify the focus of scientific and technological support and talent support in rural revital-ization,and break the bottleneck and constraints of rural revitalization.By sorting out the current situation of agricultural science and technolo-gy experts serving the grassroots in the problem of talent support for rural revitalization,this paper analyzed the existing problems and put for-ward countermeasures and recommendations.

Epidemiology and Histopathology of Cancers of the Upper Aerodigestive Tract in the ENT and Head and Neck Surgery Department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital

Introduction: Head and neck cancers represent a significant burden of cancer, collectively ranking fourth for cancer incidence and second for cancer mortality worldwide. Objective: To study the epidemiological and histopathological aspects of head and neck cancers in the ENT-CCF department of Ignace Deen National Hospital. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive retrospective study covering a period of 5 years from September 1, 2016, to September 30, 2021. Results: We collected 43 cases of head and neck cancers, representing a hospital frequency of 1.85%. The mean age was 45.21 ± 13.23 years. Males predominated, accounting for 65.12%, compared to 34.88% for females, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.87. Housewives accounted for 27.90%, followed by farmers at 23.26% and traders/merchants at 18.60%, with 41.86% being uneducated. The main risk factors were tobacco (37.21%) and alcohol (34.88%). Pain (53.49%), dysphonia (51.16%), and dyspnea (39.53%) were the main presenting symptoms. Squamous cell carcinoma (74.42%) and large cell lymphoma (18.60%) were the most commonly cited histological types. Conclusion: Head and neck cancers remain relatively common in our country. Improving prognosis depends on early diagnosis of the condition, resuscitation resources, and prompt management.

Exploring the Forest Cover Changes and Influential Factors of Dongsithouane National Production Forest Area, Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR

The Dongsithouane National Production Forest (DNPF) is one of the largest natural forest areas in Savannakhet, Lao PDR, which has been a vital support for the local community’s livelihood, Recently, significant changes in land use and land cover (LULC) have been observed in this area, leading to a reduction of natural forests. There were two separate methods of this study: firstly, to identify LULC changes across three different periods, spectral imagery from the Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) for the years 2001 and 2011, and the Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) for 2021 were used as the primary data sources. The satellite images were preprocessed for various forest classes, including pretreatment of the top of atmosphere reflectance by using QGIS software’s semi-automatic classification plug-in (SCP), and ArcGIS was used for post-classification. A supervised classification approach was applied to the satellite images from 2001, 2011, and 2021 to generate diverse maps of LULC. Secondly, a household survey dataset was used to investigate influential factors. Approximately 220 households were interviewed in order to collect socio-economic information (including data on population growth, increased business activities, location of the area, agriculture land expansion, and need for settlement land). Household survey data was analyzed by using SPSS. Descriptive statistics, including frequency distributions and percentages, were applied to observe characteristics. Additionally, a binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the socioeconomic factors related to LULC change in DNPF. Key findings indicated a decline in natural forest areas within the study site. Specifically, both dry dipterocarp forest (−11.35%) and mixed deciduous forest (−0.18%) decreased from 2001 to 2021. The overall accuracy of the LULC maps was 94%, 86%, and 89% for the years 2001, 2011, and 2021 respectively. In contrast, agricultural land increased significantly by 155.70%, while built-up land, and water bodies increased by 65.54% and 35.33%, respectively. The results also highlighted a significant increase in construction land, up to 65.54%. Furthermore, the study found a correlation between agricultural expansion and a reduction of forest areas, along with an increase in built-up land along the forest areas’ boundaries. Timber exploitation and charcoal production also contributed to the decline in forest cover. The logistic regression model identified significant determinants of LULC change, including the area’s location, agricultural land expansion, increased business activity, and the need for settlement land. These factors have influenced the management of DNPF. Urgent sustainable management practices and actions, including forest ecosystem protection, village agricultural zoning, water source and watershed protection and public awareness, are required to preserve the forest areas of DNPF.

An Appraisal of the Major National Dialogue as a Panacea to the Anglophone Crisis in Cameroon

This paper explores the Major National Dialogue organised by Paul Biya from the 30th of September to the 4th of October,2019 as a panacea to the Anglophone.The paper also seeks to find out if this dialogue has been the panacea Cameroonians as a whole and the people of Southern Cameroons in particular have been waiting for to end this conflict.This research uses a qualitative research design.This is because the researcher culled information from Jeune Afrique Economie(2019a),Cameroon Tribune,and from Phoenix.Descriptive analysis was used to analyse the collected data.Descriptive analysis is used to get the views of the public whether the Major National Dialogue was really a panacea to the Anglophone crisis.The analysis revealed that there were two opposing opinions on the holding of this dialogue.The government thinks the dialogue was a panacea to put an end to this crisis because there is ongoing construction work in the war zones,and economic activities have witnessed an increase in the regions as the various production units of the Cameroon Development Corporation(CDC)and Pamol plantations have regained agricultural activities.The Ndawara tea estate now functions without problems.Trans-border trade is on the rise and transportation is fluid,except in the rural areas where the state of the road network is poor to name but these.On the other hand,politicians,political parties like the Social Democratic Front,activists,religious leaders,the affected populations,and Cameroonians at large think that the Major National Dialogue was a monologue and therefore was bound to fail because first,key actors arrested and detained in connection to this crisis were not part of this dialogue.For this reason,they are calling for a genuine and an inclusive dialogue.In addition,they argue that we cannot be talking of peace when fighting is still raging on and people are being killed,houses and schools are being burnt,and people are being kidnapped every day for ransom to mention but these.

Exploration of the Inheritance and Innovation Carrier of National Culture in the Teaching Model of Art Design Major in Higher Vocational Colleges:Integrating Lijiang Baisha Murals into Higher Vocational Art Design Curriculum System

This study aims to further promote the inheritance and innovative development of intangible cultural heritage in Yunnan Province,promote the protection,inheritance,integration,and innovation of ethnic culture in Lijiang,strengthen the protection and inheritance of Baisha murals in Lijiang,and change the teaching of art design majors in vocational colleges in Yunnan.Given the lack of traditional Chinese culture and local ethnic culture,this article focuses on the teaching of art design majors in Yunnan vocational colleges.It explores the construction model of the cultural inheritance and innovation carrier of Lijiang Baisha murals to meet the spiritual and cultural needs of the local people,and efforts will be made to promote the high-quality development of the Baisha ethnic area in Lijiang.

Research on the Deep Integration Mechanism of National Fitness Campaign and College Physical Education Teaching:Taking Guangdong University of Science and Technology as an Example

By using the methods of literature review,questionnaire survey,and expert interview,this paper discusses and analyzes the deep integration mechanism of national fitness campaign and college physical education teaching,in order to promote the development of college physical education teaching reform,expand ideas,explore new fields,and provide novel development directions.The purpose is to enhance the national physical quality,improve the public service system,enhance the health awareness of the citizens,and provide guidelines for promoting the development of sports.

Aortic Dissection Research in China:Analysis of Studies Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China

Objective The National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)has made great progress in promoting the development of aortic dissection research in recent years.This study aimed to examine the development and research status of aortic dissection research in China so as to provide references for future research.Methods The NSFC projects data from 2008 to 2019 were collected from the Internet-based Science Information System and other websites utilized as search engines.The publications and citations were retrieved by Google Scholar,and the impact factors were checked by the InCite Journal Citation Reports database.The investigator’s degree and department were identified from the institutional faculty profiles.Results A total of 250 grant funds totaling 124.3 million Yuan and resulting in 747 publications were analyzed.The funds in economically developed and densely populated areas were more than those in underdeveloped and sparsely populated areas.There was no significant difference in the amount of funding per grant between different departments’investigators.However,the funding output ratios of the grants for cardiologists were higher than those for basic science investigators.The amount of funding for clinical researchers and basic scientific researchers in aortic dissection was also similar.Clinical researchers were better in terms of the funding output ratio.Conclusion These results suggest that the medical and scientific research level of aortic dissection in China has been greatly improved.However,there are still some problems that urgently need to be solved,such as the unreasonable regional allocation of medical and scientific research resources,and the slow transition from basic science to clinical practice.

Uncovering the Challenges Faced by Primary School Science Teachers in Implementing Experimental Teaching:A Data Analysis Based on a Questionnaire Survey Conducted in Western China

Primary school science is a discipline grounded in experiments,and experimental teaching holds paramount significance in primary school science education in China.Nevertheless,the implementation problems of experimental teaching are frequently disregarded.This research endeavors to disclose the concrete challenges encountered by primary school science teachers in the western region of China during the implementation of experimental teaching,analyze their implications,and put forward corresponding mitigatory measures.Based on a questionnaire survey regarding the current state of primary school science experimental teaching in 21 areas of western China,it is unveiled that primary school science teachers in the western region of China confront deficiencies in scientific professional attainment,the necessity to enhance the attitude towards experimental teaching,and a partial shortage of experimental teaching resources.These hardships result in the deterioration of the quality of experimental teaching,the attenuation of students’learning interests,and the exacerbation of teachers’job burnout.Hence,measures should be initiated in aspects such as teacher training,resource development,and enhanced emphasis to assist primary school science teachers in the western region of China in implementing experimental teaching more effectively and elevating the quality of primary school science experimental teaching.

An Interview-Based Study of the Factors Influencing the Quality of Professional Training of Science Education Graduates

The proposal of the strategy of developing the country through science education has clarified China’s demand for the development of the science and education industry and the cultivation of science and education talents,and the birth of Science Education majors is an important link in the cultivation of scientific literacy.Based on the grounded theory,we interviewed three Science Education graduates from a university and coded the interview data by using NVivo 12.0 to find eight important factors affecting their professional training and employment choices.The factors are“social factors,”“individual career choice factors,”“campus resources,”“employment advantages,”“professional self-development,”“teacher factors,”“planning for further education and employment,”and“student motivation.”This study analyzes the interaction between the influencing factors,constructs a theoretical model of the influencing factors of the quality of Science Education professional training,explores the problems of the training process of Science Education majors and employment dilemmas,and puts forward corresponding suggestions.

Reform and Practice of the Course“Introduction to Computer Science”in Universities Based on the Cultivation of Computational Thinking and Systematic Abilities

Introduction to Computer Science,as one of the fundamental courses in computer-related majors,plays an important role in the cultivation of computer professionals.However,traditional teaching models and content can no longer fully meet the needs of modern information technology development.In response to these issues,this article introduces the concept of computational creative thinking,optimizes course content,adopts exploratory teaching methods,and innovates course assessment methods,aiming to comprehensively enhance students’computational thinking and innovative abilities.By continuously improving and promoting this teaching model,it will undoubtedly promote computer education in universities to a new level.