Efficacy of multi-slice spiral computed tomography in evaluating gastric cancer recurrence after endoscopic submucosal dissection

BACKGROUND Recurrence is the major challenge facing endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)-based treatment therapies for early gastric cancer(EGC).Urgent development of simple and easy surveillance approaches will enhance clinical treatment of the disease.AIM To explore the role of computed tomography(CT)recurrence in evaluating EGC after ESD treatment.METHODS We retrospectively recruited patients from our endoscopy department,between January 2002 and December 2015,and analyzed their basic characteristics,including symptoms,CT results,and results of endoscopy with biopsy,among others.RESULTS Among a total of 2150 patients EGC patients surveyed,1362 met our inclusion and exclusion criteria and were therefore enrolled in our study.The cohort’s sensitivity of CT for recurrent GC and specificity were 44.22%and 43.86%,respectively,with negative and positive predictive values of 40.15%(275/685)and 48.01%(325/677),respectively.The area under the curve of arterial and venous CT values for recurrent EGC were 0.545,and 0.604,respectively.Receiver operating characteristic curve revealed no statistically significant differences between arterial and venous CT values for recurrent EGC.CONCLUSION Enhanced CT has superior diagnostic efficacy,but less accuracy,compared to gold standard techniques in patients with recurrent EGC.

Diagnostic ability of multi-detector spiral computed tomography for pathological lymph node metastasis of advanced gastric cancer

BACKGROUND The reliability of preoperative nodal diagnosis of advanced gastric cancer by multi-detector spiral computed tomography(MDCT)is still unclear.AIM To examine the diagnostic ability of MDCT more precisely by using data on intranodal pathological metastatic patterns.METHODS A total of 108 patients with advanced gastric cancer who underwent MDCT and curative gastrectomy at Kanazawa Medical University Hospital were enrolled in this study.The nodal sizes measured on computed tomography(CT)images were compared with the pathology results.A receiver-operating characteristic curve was constructed,from which the critical value(CV)was calculated by using the data of the first 69 patients retrospectively.By using the CV,sensitivity and specificity were calculated with prospectively collected data from 39 consecutive patients.This enabled a more precise one-to-one correspondence of lymph nodes between CT and pathological examination by using the size data of lymph node mapping.The intranodal pathological metastatic patterns were classified into the following four types:Small nodular,peripheral,large nodular,and diffuse.RESULTS Although all the cases were clinically suspected as having metastasis,81 had lymph node metastasis and 27 had no metastasis.The number of dissected,detected on CT,and metastatic nodes were,4241,897,and 801,respectively.The CV obtained from the receiver-operating characteristic was 7.6 mm for the long axis.The sensitivity was 91.4%and the specificity was 47.3%in the prospective phase.The large nodular and diffuse metastases were easy to diagnose becausemetastatic nodes with a large axis often exhibit these forms.CONCLUSION The ability of MDCT to contribute to a nodal diagnosis of advanced gastric cancer was examined prospectively with precise size data from node mapping,using a CV of 7.6 mm for the long axis that was calculated from the retrospectively collected data.The sensitivity was as high as 91%,and would be improved when referring to the enhanced patterns.However,its specificity was as low as 47%,because most of metastatic nodes in gastric cancer being small in size.The small nodular or peripheral type metastatic nodes were often small and considered difficult to diagnose.

Multi-slice spiral computed tomography in differential diagnosis of gastric stromal tumors and benign gastric polyps,and gastric stromal tumor risk stratification assessment

BACKGROUND The biological characteristics of gastric stromal tumors are complex,and their incidence has increased in recent years.Gastric stromal tumors(GST)have potential malignant tendencies,and the probability of transformation into malignant tumors is as high as 20%-30%.AIM To investigate the value of multi-slice spiral computed tomography(MSCT)in the differential diagnosis of GST and benign gastric polyps,and GST risk stratification assessment.METHODS We included 64 patients with GST(GST group)and 60 with benign gastric polyps(control group),confirmed by pathological examination after surgery in PLA General Hospital,from January 2016 to June 2021.The differences in the MSCT imaging characteristic parameters and enhanced CT values between the two groups before surgery were compared.According to the National Institutes of Health’s standard,GST is divided into low-and high-risk groups for MSCT imaging characteristic parameters and enhanced CT values.RESULTS The incidences of extraluminal growth,blurred boundaries,and ulceration in the GST group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The CT values and enhanced peak CT values in the arterial phase in the CST group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The MSCT differential diagnosis of GST and gastric polyp sensitivity,specificity,misdiagnosis rate,missed diagnosis rate,and areas under the curve(AUCs)were 73.44%,83.33%,26.56%,16.67%,0.784,respectively.The receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted with the arterial CT value and enhanced peak CT value,with a statistical difference.The results showed that the sensitivity,specificity,misdiagnosis rate,missed diagnosis rate,and AUC value of arterial CT in the differential diagnosis of GST and gastric polyps were 80.18%,62.20%,19.82%,37.80%,and 0.710,respectively.The sensitivity,specificity,misdiagnosis rate,missed diagnosis rate,and AUC value of the enhanced peak CT value in the differential diagnosis of GST and gastric polyps were 67.63%,60.40%,32.37%,39.60%,and 0.710,respectively.The incidence of blurred lesion boundaries and ulceration in the high-risk group was significantly higher than that in the low-risk group(P<0.05).The arterial phase and enhanced peak CT values in the high-risk group were significantly higher than those in the low-risk group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Presurgical MSCT examination has important value in the differential diagnosis of GST and gastric benign polyps and can effectively evaluate the risk grade of GST patients.

Multi-slice spiral computed tomography in diagnosing unstable pelvic fractures in elderly and effect of less invasive stabilization

BACKGROUND Older people are more likely to experience pelvic fractures than younger people.Multi-slice spiral computed tomography(CT)uses three-dimensional(3D)reconstruction technology to generate 3D images that can clearly demonstrate the 3D space of fractures and detect fractures at a higher rate.AIM To investigate the clinical value of multi-slice spiral CT 3D reconstruction in the diagnosis of unstable pelvic fractures in the elderly as well as the effect of less invasive stabilization.METHODS A total of 86 patients with unstable pelvic fractures treated between March 2016 and March 2019 underwent femoral supracondylar bone traction before surgery.Pelvic radiography and multi-row spiral CT were performed successively once the patient’s vital signs and hemodynamic indices were stable.Secondary processing of the original data was performed to obtain 3D reconstruction images and determine the vertical displacement of the pelvis.After basic or complete reduction,minimally invasive internal fixation using hollow lag screws was performed.The detection rates of fracture location and classification by X-ray and CT reconstruction were compared.Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of preoperative 3D reconstruction to compare postoperative reduction,wound healing time,fracture healing time,hospitalization time,visual analog scale(VAS)score,poor internal fixation,and functional recovery.RESULTS The diagnostic coincidence rates of X-rays for pubic symphysis,ilium wing,sacroiliac periarticular,and sacral fractures were lower than those of CT reconstruction.The coincidence rate of CT reconstruction in the clinical classification of pelvic fractures was 100%,whereas 11 cases were misdiagnosed by X-ray;the total coincidence rate was 87.21%.The total excellent and good rates of postoperative reduction were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).The wound healing,fracture healing,and hospitalization times were significantly shorter in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).The VAS scores decreased in both groups postoperatively and were lower in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).The total incidence of poor postoperative internal fixation was significantly lower in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).The overall rate of postoperative functional recovery was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Multi-slice spiral CT has high guiding significance for the diagnosis,classification,and treatment of unstable pelvic fractures in the elderly.Preoperative 3D reconstruction can effectively shorten the operation time and promote fracture healing,while minimally invasive internal fixation can effectively reduce pain and promote functional recovery of fracture sites,making it worthy of clinical application.

3D Reconstruction with Spiral Computed Tomography in Choroidal Osteoma

Choroidal osteoma (CO) is a rare, ossifying benign tumor originated in the choroid that typically occurs in otherwise healthy young women (1,2). It is characterized by a yellowish, well demarcated lesion in the juxtapapillary or macular area. The diagnosis is clinical and can be confirmed with the use of fluorescein or indocyanine angiography, optical coherence tomography, computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Choroidal neovascularization or subretinal fluid, the main causes for vision loss, can be treated with laser therapy, photodynamic therapy or intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor therapy. We present a case of choroidal osteoma, showing the role of the high resolution 3D spiral computed tomography.

Portal vein computed tomography imaging characteristics and their relationship with bleeding risk in patients with liver cirrhosis undergoing interventional therapy

BACKGROUND This study aimed to analyze the predictive value of multi-slice spiral computed tomography(CT)perfusion imaging for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension.A total of 62 patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension and 28 healthy individuals were included.The results showed that multi-slice spiral CT perfusion imaging had a significant predictive value for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension.The vascular area,number of vascular cross-sections,and gastric coronary vein diameter(GCVD)showed high predictive values,with the vascular area having the best predictive value.AIM To investigate the predictive accuracy of multi-slice spiral CT perfusion imaging for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension.METHODS This study included 62 patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension(disease group)and 28 healthy individuals(control group).The disease group was further divided into two subgroups:Group A(n=27,bleeding)and group B(n=35,no bleeding).All patients underwent multi-slice spiral CT perfusion imaging at our hospital,and we compared various parameters such as liver blood flow,vein size,number of blood vessels,and blood vessel area between the two groups.We employed statistical analysis to identify factors associated with upper gastrointestinal bleeding and created a graph comparing the predictive value of different factors for bleeding.RESULTS We found no difference in hepatic artery(HAP)levels among the three groups(all P>0.05).The portal vein levels in groups A and B were much lower than in the control group;group A was much lower than group B(all P<0.05).The HAP perfusion index levels in groups A and B were much higher than in the control group;group A was much higher than group B(all P<0.05).The portal vein diameter,splenic vein diameter,and GCVD levels in groups A and B were much higher than in the control group;those in group A were much higher than those in group B(all P<0.05).The number of blood vessels and blood vessel area in groups A and B were much higher than in the control group;those in group A were much higher than those in group B(all P<0.05).The statistical method showed a strong link between GCVD,number of blood vessels,blood vessel area,and upper gastrointestinal bleeding(odds ratio=1.275,1.346,1.397,P<0.05).The graph showed that GCVD,number of blood vessels,and blood vessel area could predict bleeding well,with blood vessel area having the best prediction power.CONCLUSION That multi-slice spiral CT perfusion imaging can predict upper gastrointestinal bleeding well in patients with cirrhosis and high blood pressure in the portal vein.GCVD,number of blood vessels,and blood vessel area had high prediction power.The blood vessel area had the best prediction power,with an area under the curve of 0.831.

Accuracy of linear vs spiral tomography:Alveolar crest to sinus/nasal floor height

AIM:To determine the accuracy of tomography in the linear measurement of alveolar bone at maxillary sinus/nose location.METHODS:Two dry skulls each marked with 10 pairs of guttaperchas placed on buccal and lingual sides of the maxillary ridge were used in this in vitro study.The distance between the alveolar crest and the sinus/nasal floor was measured on tomographic views,prepared by linear and spiral techniques.The ridges were then sectioned so that each section would include one pair of buccal and lingual guttaperchas.The actual distances directly measured on the sections were compared to those of the equivalent tomographic sections(the magnification co-efficient was applied).Paired t-test was used to statistically analyze the data.RESULTS:The measurement error with the application of linear tomography and spiral tomography wasshown to be 0.455±0.838 mm(P=0.029)and 0.17±0.78 mm(P=0.347),respectively.There was a statistically significant difference between the liner tomography values and actual values(P=0.029).This difference was representative of underestimation.McNamara’s test was used to assess the±1 mm error;73.7%of the linear values and 84.2%of the spiral values were within the±1 mm error limit.Mc Namara’s test did not show any significant differences between the 2methods in this regard(P=0.625).The linear values were significantly different to the actual values(P=0.029)but not to the spiral values(P=0.185).CONCLUSION:Spiral tomography has enough accuracy for the measurement of alveolar ridge height.Although linear tomography somewhat underestimates the actual values it provides satisfactory accuracy.

Segmental radiofrequency ablation of pulmonary vein ostia for patients with refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation using multi-slice spiral computed tomography guidance

Objective: To evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of segmental radiofrequency ablation of pulmonary vein (PV)ostia for patients with refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) under multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT)guidance before the procedure. Methods: A series of 58 consecutive patients with refractory paroxysmal AF were enrolled to undergo segmental radiofrequency ablation ofPV ostia. The 36 male and 22 female patients with mean age of (57.4±9.5) (32～79)atrium (LA) and proximal PVs. Patients then underwent segmental radiofrequency ablation of PV ostia using PV circular mapping catheter manipulated several times to ensure complete isolation between PVs and LA. Results: No complications occurred during the procedure. One patient developed delayed cardiac tamponade, which was drained percutaneously. The mean follow-up time was (17.1±9.3) months. Forty-one patients (95%) experienced improved quality of life one month after the procedure. Thirty-six patients (83%) showed stable sinus rhythm, while 10 patients (23%) required additional anti-arrhythmic drugs. AF returned≥1time in 6 (14%) patients who underwent anti-arrhythmic drug therapy, but the number of episodes was less than that before the procedure. However, one patient experienced recurrent episodes of atrial flutter. Conclusion: It is safe and effective to perform segmental radiofrequency ablation of PV ostia for patients with refractory paroxysmal AF using MSCT guidance mappening.

Computed tomography-based radiomics for prediction of neoadjuvant chemotherapy outcomes in locally advanced gastric cancer: A pilot study

Objective： The standard treatment for patients with locally advanced gastric cancer has relied on perioperativeradio-chemotherapy or chemotherapy and surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the wealth of radiomicsfor pre-treatment computed tomography （CT） in the prediction of the pathological response of locally advancedgastric cancer with preoperative chemotherapy.Methods： Thirty consecutive patients with CT-staged Ⅱ/Ⅲ gastric cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapywere enrolled in this study between December 2014 and March 2017. All patients underwent upper abdominal CTduring the unenhanced, late arterial phase （AP） and portal venous phase （PP） before the administration ofneoadjuvant chemotherapy. In total, 19,985 radiomics features were extracted in the AP and PP for each patient.Four methods were adopted during feature selection and eight methods were used in the process of building theclassifier model. Thirty-two combinations of feature selection and classification methods were examined. Receiveroperating characteristic （ROC） curves were used to evaluate the capability of each combination of feature selectionand classification method to predict a non-good response （non-GR） based on tumor regression grade （TRG）.Results： The mean area under the curve （AUC） ranged from 0.194 to 0.621 in the AP, and from 0.455 to 0.722in the PP, according to different combinations of feature selection and the classification methods. There was onlyone cross-combination machine-learning method indicating a relatively higher AUC （〉0.600） in the AP, while 12cross-combination machine-learning methods presented relatively higher AUCs （all 〉0.600） in the PP. The featureselection method adopted by a filter based on linear discriminant analysis ＋ classifier of random forest achieved asignificantly prognostic performance in the PP （AUC, 0.722~0.108; accuracy, 0.793; sensitivity, 0.636; specificity,0.889; Z=2.039; P=0.041）.Conclusions： It is possible to predict non-GR after neoadiuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced gastriccancers based on the radiomics of CT.

Expression of nm23, KAI1 and spiral computed tomography findings in primary gallbladder carcinoma

Primary gallbladder carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the biliary system. There is a reduced likelihood for radical cure of primary gallbladder carcinomas because of the insidious onset.1 Spiral computed tomography （SCT） scanning is an important means for diagnosing lesions involving the gallbladder. We determined the expression of anti-metastasis protein nm23 and KAI1 using immunohistochemical method and analyzed the relationship between their expression and the pre-operatively SCT imaging findings, the histopathologic grade, clinical stage, 5-year survival rate in 35 cases of primary gallbladder cancer.

超高端螺旋CT单心跳心脏技术判别冠脉狭窄和斑块性质的临床价值及合并基础疾病对准确性的影响

目的:研究超高端螺旋CT单心跳心脏技术判别冠脉狭窄和斑块性质的临床价值及合并基础疾病对准确性的影响。方法:本研究采用前瞻性研究方法,以我院2022年7月—2023年1月诊断并进行治疗的冠心病患者96例作为研究对象,根据患者的冠脉狭窄程度,Ⅰ级病变患者33例,Ⅱ级病变患者22例,Ⅲ级病变患者41例。根据斑块性质分析,其中稳定性斑块患者55例,不稳定性斑块患者41例,所有患者入组后均接受256排CT行单心跳心脏冠脉成像、冠脉造影(ICA)和血管内超声(IVUS)检查,比较单心跳心脏冠脉成像诊断冠脉血管狭窄以及不稳定性斑块的诊断效能,研究合并基础疾病对准确性的影响。结果:本研究中,单心跳心脏冠脉成像诊断冠脉血管狭窄Ⅲ级病变的灵敏度为80.49%,单心跳心脏冠脉成像诊断冠脉血管狭窄Ⅲ级病变的ROC曲线下面积为0.771,合并高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症等,会造成单心跳心脏冠脉成像诊断冠脉血管狭窄Ⅲ级病变的效能下降。单心跳心脏冠脉成像诊断冠脉血管不稳定斑块的灵敏度为80.21%,单心跳心脏冠脉成像诊断冠脉血管不稳定斑块的ROC曲线下面积为0.775,合并高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症等,会造成单心跳心脏冠脉成像诊断冠脉血管不稳定斑块的诊断效能下降。结论:超高端螺旋CT单心跳心脏技术判别冠脉狭窄和斑块性质的灵敏度均超过80%以上,合并高血压、糖尿病以及高脂血症患者,会造成冠脉狭窄和斑块性质的判定准确性以及灵敏度的下降。

螺旋CT三维扫描重建联合3D打印用于髋臼骨折手术的价值研究

目的:探讨螺旋CT三维扫描重建联合3D打印技术在髋臼骨折外科手术中的应用价值。方法:选取2018年1月至2020年12月新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院收治的71例髋臼骨折并接受手术治疗的患者,依据治疗方式的不同将其分为观察组(38例)和对照组(33例),观察组采用螺旋CT三维重建,并以3D打印辅助内固定治疗,对照组采用常规手术治疗。比较两组患者手术效果及恢复情况。结果:观察组骨折复位质量评分及分项百分制髋功能评分高于对照组,术中出血量、术中透视次数、手术用时及住院时间均明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(t=23.426、4.216、3.425、17.783,P<0.05);观察组和对照组骨折复位优良率分别为94.74%和78.79%,差异有统计学意义(x^(2)=4.059,P<0.05);观察组患者髋关节功能评分中疼痛、功能及关节活动均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=-4.873、-5.776、-6.247,P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(x^(2)=4.059,P<0.05)。结论:在髋臼骨折围术期应用螺旋CT三维重建结合3D打印可进一步保证手术的安全性和可行性,提高手术质量和效率,促进术后恢复。

CT及磁共振血管成像诊断颅内动脉瘤的价值

目的分析CT血管成像(computed tomography angiography,CTA)、磁共振血管成像(magnetic resonance angiography,MRA)诊断颅内动脉瘤的价值。方法选取2020年6月-2023年1月广西贵港市人民医院90例疑似颅内动脉瘤患者,均接受CAT及MRA检查,将数字减影血管成像(digital subtraction angiography,DSA)或手术病理学检查结果作为金标准,比较两种方法检出情况、测量颅内动脉瘤瘤体直径与瘤颈宽度、对比不同大小的颅内动脉瘤检出情况,分析两种方法单独及联合诊断颅内动脉瘤的价值。结果90例疑似颅内动脉瘤患者经CTA检查后诊出64例单发颅内动脉瘤,经MRA检查后诊出61例单发颅内动脉瘤,两种方法检出情况比较无明显差异(P>0.05);当瘤体<3 mm时CTA检出率93.33%高于MRA 60.00%(P<0.05);CTA诊断颅内动脉瘤的准确率83.33%、敏感度83.56%、特异度82.35%、Kappa值=0.548;MRA诊断颅内动脉瘤的准确率82.22%、敏感度80.82%、特异度88.24%、Kappa值=0.543;CTA联合MRA诊断颅内动脉瘤的准确率95.56%、敏感度95.89%、特异度94.12%、Kappa值=0.861。结论CTA与MRA均可用于诊断颅内动脉瘤,其中CTA可明显提高<3 mm的微小颅内动脉瘤诊出率,但联合应用时的敏感度更高。

冠状动脉CT血管造影及血清指标对冠心病冠状动脉狭窄程度的评价

目的:探讨冠状动脉CT血管造影(CCTA)及血清脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2(Lp-PLA2)、血管生成素样蛋白3(ANGPTL3)对冠心病冠状动脉狭窄程度的评价。方法:选取2022年7月至2023年3月河北省胸科医院诊治的102例冠心病患者,按照冠状动脉狭窄程度积分(Gensini积分)情况将其分为轻度组(0分≤Gensini积分≤20分)、中度组(20分<Gensini积分≤60分)及重度组(Gensini积分>60分),每组34例。对比3组患者冠状动脉最小管腔直径(MLD)、狭窄面积百分比(%AS)、狭窄直径百分比(%DS)、最小管腔面积(MLA)、Lp-PLA2及ANGPTL3,根据受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,预测冠状动脉狭窄程度的诊断效能。结果:重度组MLA、MLD低于中度组和轻度组,而%AS、%DS高于中度组和轻度组,差异有统计学意义(t=6.905、4.083、5.871、6.976、3.387、2.198、2.668、3.505,P<0.05)。重度组Lp-PLA2、ANGPTL3高于中度组和轻度组,差异有统计学意义(t=4.164、8.220、2.575、3.050,P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,MLA、MLD、%AS、%DS、CCTA综合参数、LpPLA2以及ANGPTL3预测冠状动脉狭窄程度的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)值分别为0.838、0.690、0.742、0.801、0.904、0.808和0.807。灵敏度分别为91.20%、91.20%、64.70%、94.10%、97.10%、70.60%和88.20%;特异度分别为76.50%、57.40%、75.00%、50.00%、70.60%、97.10%和70.60%。CCTA综合参数的AUC分别高于LpPLA2和ANGPTL3,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:CCTA及血清Lp-PLA2、ANGPTL3评估冠心病冠状动脉狭窄程度均具有一定效能,且CCTA的预测效能更高。

Sixty-four-multi-detector computed tomography diagnosis of coronary artery anomalies in 66 patients

Background The abnormalities of coronary arteries, though rare and sometimes benign, may first present clinically as myocardial infarction or sudden death. Multi-detector computed tomography （MDCT） is a non-invasive test that is highly suitable for detecting these anomalies. The study aimed to review the 64-MDCT appearance of the coronary artery anomalies in 66 patients and to discuss the clinical importance of these anomalies.Methods In 6014 consecutive patients examined over 12 months by 64-MDCT for the study of coronary artery disease, 66 were diagnosed for coronary artery anomalies. All patients were symptomatic for one or more of the following diseases： chest pain, dyspnoea, palpitations, arrhythmia and myocardial infarction. Nine patients had undergone a coronary angiography. All the CT images were evaluated by two radiologists and one cardiologist. The right coronary artery （RCA） and the conus branch arising separately, myocardial bridging and duplication of arteries were not analysed in our study.Results The incidence of coronary artery anomalies found in our study group was 1.097%. In the selected patients, seven different types of coronary anomalies were found by 64-MDCT examination. The high takeoff, origin of the coronary artery from the opposite or noncoronary sinus with an anomalous course, and coronary artery fistula were the three common forms of anomalies （n=16, 18 and 16, respectively）. Compared with the results of the coronary angiography, the number of the drainage sites of two coronary artery fistula was less in MDCT images （3 small sites in total）. In all cases, coronary artery computed tomography angiography （CTA） technique was able to recognize the origin of the coronary artery, its three-dimensional course and its spatial relationship with the adjacent structures. Conventional coronary angiography in two cases, however, was unable to provide sufficient information for correct and complete diagnosis.Conclusions In conclusion, the study showed that 64-MDCT, especially the volume rendering technique （VRT）, may be useful for the assessment of complex variations, even if the conventional angiography may not be sufficient. It may be considered as the first-choice imaging modality when an anomalous coronary artery is suspected.

分时段口服稀释碘剂后全腹部平扫及增强多层螺旋CT诊断急性胰腺炎继发胃肠瘘

目的评价分时段口服稀释碘剂后全腹部平扫及增强多层螺旋CT在诊断急性胰腺炎(AP)继发胃肠瘘(GIF)中的应用。资料与方法回顾性选取2017年1月—2022年12月湖南省人民医院连续收集的数据库中108例AP后期患者,记录其人口学信息和临床特征,行分时段口服稀释碘剂后全腹部平扫及增强多层螺旋CT筛查GIF,以此后5 d内的临床综合诊断结果作为参考标准,计算分时段口服稀释碘剂后全腹部平扫及增强多层螺旋CT诊断AP继发GIF的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值和准确度,评价两种方法诊断结果的一致性。结果分时段口服稀释碘剂后全腹部平扫及增强多层螺旋CT诊断AP继发GIF的敏感度为91.5%(95%CI 78.7%~97.2%),特异度为98.4%(95%CI 90.0%~99.9%),阳性预测值为97.7%(95%CI86.5%~99.9%),阴性预测值为93.8%(95%CI 84.0%~98.0%),准确度为95.4%(95%CI 91.4%~99.3%);两种方法的诊断结果一致性非常好,Kappa值为0.905;Mc Nemar’s检验P=0.375,提示两种方法诊断GIF及其亚组的结果差异均无统计学意义。结论分时段口服稀释碘剂后全腹部平扫及增强多层螺旋CT可简单、无创、快速、准确诊断AP继发GIF,为临床诊疗提供更早、更精确和更可靠的影像依据。

上海市闵行区低剂量螺旋CT肺癌筛查效果评估

背景与目的低剂量螺旋计算机断层扫描(low-dose spiral computed tomography,LDCT)已被推荐应用于高危人群的肺癌筛查。我国LDCT筛查研究少,随访时间较短,且高危人群的定义不同。本研究基于上海市闵行区肺癌筛查项目,评估LDCT应用于我国人群肺癌筛查的中长期效果。方法上海市闵行区肺癌筛查项目于2013至2017年实施,共纳入26,124名40岁及以上合格参与者,并以同期闵行区全体适龄人群为对照。通过筛查登记系统及与上海市肿瘤登记和死因登记系统链接,获得所有对象至2020年12月31日的肺癌发病及全死因死亡信息。计算筛查人群相比于全人群对照的肺癌标准化发病率比(standardized incidence ratio,SIR)及95%CI,比较筛查人群与非筛查人群中肺癌病例的早期率(0-Ⅰ期)、病理类型及5年观察生存率,分析LDCT筛查与肺癌病例全死因死亡的风险比(hazard ratio,HR)及95%CI。结果筛查人群的肺癌粗发病率为373.3/10万人年(95%CI:343.1-406.1),标化发病率为70.3/10万人年,相比于总人群的SIR为1.8(95%CI:1.6-1.9),且在随访期内随时间推移而下降。筛查组病例中早期肺癌占比49.4%,显著高于同期非筛查病例中的38.4%(P<0.05);肺腺癌占比40.7%,显著高于非筛查病例中的35.9%(P<0.05);5年观察生存率为53.7%,亦显著高于非筛查病例的41.5%(P<0.05)。与同期非筛查病例相比,筛查组病例的全因死亡风险下降30%(HR=0.7,95%CI:0.6-0.8)。结论本次纳入的筛检人群肺癌发病风险较高;LDCT筛查有利于肺癌的早期检出,提高生存率,在降低人群的肺癌疾病负担方面具有一定潜力。

基于CT皮质期影像组学预测肾细胞癌亚型的研究

目的:探讨基于CT皮质期影像组学鉴别肾透明细胞癌(ccRCC)和非透明细胞癌(non-ccRCC)的价值。方法:回顾性分析2017年1月—2022年12月经病理证实的122例肾细胞癌患者的资料,其中ccRCC 82例,non-ccRCC 40例,并以随机数表法按7∶3的比例将患者分成训练集(n=85)和验证集(n=37)。在CT皮质期手工逐层勾画肿瘤感兴趣区(ROI)后提取影像组学特征,使用特征间线性相关检查和F检验依次进行特征筛选,采用逻辑回归分类器构建影像组学模型。采用t检验、χ^(2)检验及Logistic回归分析筛选CT影像特征,建立常规影像模型。综合影像组学评分和常规影像模型建立联合模型。绘制ROC曲线评估各模型的预测效能,AUC比较采用Delong检验。结果:影像组学模型在训练集和验证集中的AUC分别为0.990(95%CI 0.976~1.0)和0.890(95%CI 0.774~1.0)。在训练集和验证集中,影像组学模型和联合模型的预测效能均优于常规影像模型,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);相比联合模型,在验证集中影像组学模型的预测效能略高,但无统计学差异(P=0.27)。结论:基于CT皮质期影像组学模型对预测肾细胞癌亚型具有较好的效能。

术前静脉期CT影像组学列线图预测喉鳞癌患者预后

目的:研究增强CT影像组学术前预测喉鳞癌术后复发的价值。方法:收集本院64例经术后病理证实为喉鳞癌的患者作为训练组;将TCGA数据库中下载的39例患者作为验证组,基于患者术前CT增强静脉期图像,利用3D-slicer软件提取喉鳞癌全域影像组学特征。在训练组中,应用单因素COX及LASSO回归确定复发相关的最佳组学特征,构建影像组学风险评分对喉鳞癌患者预后分层;基于多因素COX回归构建预测1年、3年无进展生存的列线图。采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)评估影像组学风险评分的诊断效能。最后采用相同阈值对验证组患者进行模型验证。结果:训练组确定4个影像组学特征与复发显著相关,构建影像组学评分模型,Kaplan-Meier曲线显示训练组和验证组低风险组(组学评分<0.7)无进展生存时间均显著长于高风险组(P<0.001,P=0.025)。多因素COX回归研究表明影像组学评分是喉鳞癌术后复发的独立危险因素。在训练组中列线图预测喉鳞癌患者三年术后无进展生存C指数为0.816,影像组学模型C指数为0.795。在验证组中列线图C指数为0.858,影像组学模型C指数为0.795。结论:基于术前CT增强图像提取的喉鳞癌组学特征并建立列线图模型,可用于术前预测患者术后复发,且诊断效能高于临床常用TNM分期,可作为临床诊疗决策依据。

Spiral multi-phase CT in evaluating resectability of pancreatic carcinoma

Objectives: To evaluate the specific manifestations of pancreatic carcinoma on spiral multi-phase CT and its resectability before operation. Methods: Ninety-seven patients were confirmed oper- atively and pathologically. Enhanced CT scan was performed with intravenous injection bolus of ap- proximately 75-120 ml (1-1.5 ml/kg body weight) contrast medium at a rate of 2.5-3 ml/s. In 68 pa- tients receiving dual-phase scan, the delayed scan time of arterial and venous phases was 18-20 s and 60-70 s, respectively, and in 29 patients receiving three-phase scan, the delayed scan time of arterial, pancreatic and portal venous phases was 18 s, 40 s and 75 s, respectively, with a slice of 3-5 mm thick- ness, a pitch of 1-1.5, and a reconstruction interval of 2.5-4.8 mm. Results: Positive and negative predictive values of un- resectable tumors were 97.65% and 75.86%, respec- tively. The sensitivity and accuracy were 90.67% and 90. 72%, respectively. Positive predictive values of dual-phase and three-phase were 95.83% and 100%, respectively; negative predictive values were 75% and 77.78%, respectively. Conclusions: Spiral multi-phase CT is superior in re- vealing the involvement of peripancreatic vessels, the invasion of the neighboring organs, the size, shape and range of carcinoma, and the metastasis of liver and lymph node. The predictability of resection is obviously increased for patients with pancreatic car- cinoma.