Background: In lacustrine communities, whether in Benin or elsewhere, populations use impregnated mosquito nets (IMNs) as fishing nets. This depletes the lake of its fishery resources, which in turn are contaminated b...Background: In lacustrine communities, whether in Benin or elsewhere, populations use impregnated mosquito nets (IMNs) as fishing nets. This depletes the lake of its fishery resources, which in turn are contaminated by the pyrethroids impregnated in the nets. This study aims to determine the scale and factors associated with the use of pyrethroid-impregnated mosquito nets as fishing tools in the municipality of Sô-Ava in Benin. Methods: This is a cross-sectional and analytical study with two components. First, a quantitative component was made up of 280 volunteers who were interviewed in the seven districts of the city. Data collection was done in two phases: the first from September to October 2020, and the second in August 2022. Data were analyzed with Stata and logistic regression was used. Another qualitative component was made up of forty participants chosen by reasoned choice, of which 32 were split into four focus groups of eight members each, and the rest participated in semi-structured interviews. Triangulation of the different sources was used to analyze the data. Results: Around 67% of the population reported using impregnated mosquito nets as fishing tools and 33% exclusively for malaria. Seasonal fishermen (ORa = 2.03, CI = 1.35 - 4.97, P = 0.004) and years of professional experience (ORa = 1.53, CI = 1.00 - 2.05, P = 0.021) increase the risk of using these nets as fishing tools. The use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets against mosquitoes causes skin scratching and impairs breathing because of the impregnation products, as reported by respondents. Conclusion: A high prevalence of inappropriate use of impregnated mosquito nets in fishing practices is highlighted in this study. Interviews in the field revealed that nets are diverted for fishing purposes to increase the volume of catches. Consequently, it will be appropriate to assess the pyrethroid content in water and fishery products.展开更多
Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and deterioration of bone architecture, resulting in reduced bone strength and, consequently, increased susceptibility to fra...Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and deterioration of bone architecture, resulting in reduced bone strength and, consequently, increased susceptibility to fractures which poses a significant public health concern worldwide, particularly in aging populations [1]. The health-economic impact of vertebral and hip fractures has been extensively explored and it is well known that these fractures are associated with morbidity/disability and increased mortality;they also account for a substantial portion of the direct fracture costs. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of osteoporosis, including its pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies. By elucidating the multifaceted nature of this condition, healthcare providers can better identify individuals at risk, implement preventive measures, and optimize treatment to reduce the burden of osteoporotic fractures.展开更多
【目的】城市绿色基础设施政策工具是由政府主导实施的促进城市绿色基础设施建设的重要手段。【方法】以绿色基础设施政策工具为研究对象,借助Bibliometrix R Package软件和CiteSpace软件,以文本检索、计量分析、编码分类为研究线索,深...【目的】城市绿色基础设施政策工具是由政府主导实施的促进城市绿色基础设施建设的重要手段。【方法】以绿色基础设施政策工具为研究对象,借助Bibliometrix R Package软件和CiteSpace软件,以文本检索、计量分析、编码分类为研究线索,深入剖析了12项代表性城市绿色基础设施政策工具的发展历程,对比其发展历程、指标体系、绩效评估方式和政策管控路径的优势和劣势,探究绿色基础设施建设管理与生态系统服务目标有机结合的途径和方式。【结果】1)城市绿色基础设施政策工具的目标定位从解决单一雨水问题转向评估生态系统服务多重效益。2)政策指标初期包括植物、水系和土壤元素,后期逐步形成包括地表复层植被、地表蓝绿设施、建筑垂直绿化、建筑绿色屋顶项目元素,以及直接干预、动物介入管理元素的层级体系。3)城市绿色基础设施政策工具有强制约束土地利用的“一致性”和间接鼓励的“描述性”2种模式,结合了标准权重和绩效阈值2种互补的城市开发项目筛选机制,工具应用于规划、建设、管控、监测全周期过程。4)结合生态系统服务需求,校准城市绿色基础设施政策工具的绩效评估权重已成为迫切需求。【结论】城市绿色基础设施政策工具将成为应对全球问题和城市挑战的有力手段,揭示其管控落实过程的多元思路,可为城市绿色基础设施优化与完善提供政策指引和技术支持。展开更多
文摘Background: In lacustrine communities, whether in Benin or elsewhere, populations use impregnated mosquito nets (IMNs) as fishing nets. This depletes the lake of its fishery resources, which in turn are contaminated by the pyrethroids impregnated in the nets. This study aims to determine the scale and factors associated with the use of pyrethroid-impregnated mosquito nets as fishing tools in the municipality of Sô-Ava in Benin. Methods: This is a cross-sectional and analytical study with two components. First, a quantitative component was made up of 280 volunteers who were interviewed in the seven districts of the city. Data collection was done in two phases: the first from September to October 2020, and the second in August 2022. Data were analyzed with Stata and logistic regression was used. Another qualitative component was made up of forty participants chosen by reasoned choice, of which 32 were split into four focus groups of eight members each, and the rest participated in semi-structured interviews. Triangulation of the different sources was used to analyze the data. Results: Around 67% of the population reported using impregnated mosquito nets as fishing tools and 33% exclusively for malaria. Seasonal fishermen (ORa = 2.03, CI = 1.35 - 4.97, P = 0.004) and years of professional experience (ORa = 1.53, CI = 1.00 - 2.05, P = 0.021) increase the risk of using these nets as fishing tools. The use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets against mosquitoes causes skin scratching and impairs breathing because of the impregnation products, as reported by respondents. Conclusion: A high prevalence of inappropriate use of impregnated mosquito nets in fishing practices is highlighted in this study. Interviews in the field revealed that nets are diverted for fishing purposes to increase the volume of catches. Consequently, it will be appropriate to assess the pyrethroid content in water and fishery products.
文摘Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and deterioration of bone architecture, resulting in reduced bone strength and, consequently, increased susceptibility to fractures which poses a significant public health concern worldwide, particularly in aging populations [1]. The health-economic impact of vertebral and hip fractures has been extensively explored and it is well known that these fractures are associated with morbidity/disability and increased mortality;they also account for a substantial portion of the direct fracture costs. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of osteoporosis, including its pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies. By elucidating the multifaceted nature of this condition, healthcare providers can better identify individuals at risk, implement preventive measures, and optimize treatment to reduce the burden of osteoporotic fractures.
文摘【目的】城市绿色基础设施政策工具是由政府主导实施的促进城市绿色基础设施建设的重要手段。【方法】以绿色基础设施政策工具为研究对象,借助Bibliometrix R Package软件和CiteSpace软件,以文本检索、计量分析、编码分类为研究线索,深入剖析了12项代表性城市绿色基础设施政策工具的发展历程,对比其发展历程、指标体系、绩效评估方式和政策管控路径的优势和劣势,探究绿色基础设施建设管理与生态系统服务目标有机结合的途径和方式。【结果】1)城市绿色基础设施政策工具的目标定位从解决单一雨水问题转向评估生态系统服务多重效益。2)政策指标初期包括植物、水系和土壤元素,后期逐步形成包括地表复层植被、地表蓝绿设施、建筑垂直绿化、建筑绿色屋顶项目元素,以及直接干预、动物介入管理元素的层级体系。3)城市绿色基础设施政策工具有强制约束土地利用的“一致性”和间接鼓励的“描述性”2种模式,结合了标准权重和绩效阈值2种互补的城市开发项目筛选机制,工具应用于规划、建设、管控、监测全周期过程。4)结合生态系统服务需求,校准城市绿色基础设施政策工具的绩效评估权重已成为迫切需求。【结论】城市绿色基础设施政策工具将成为应对全球问题和城市挑战的有力手段,揭示其管控落实过程的多元思路,可为城市绿色基础设施优化与完善提供政策指引和技术支持。
