Torsional Characteristics of Single Walled Carbon Nanotube with Water Interactions by Using Molecular Dynamics Simulation

The torsional characteristics of single walled carbon nanotube(SWCNT) with water interactions are studied in this work using molecular dynamics simulation method. The torsional properties of carbon nanotubes(CNTs) in a hydrodynamic environment such as water are critical for its key role in determining the lifetime and stability of CNT based nano-fluidic devices. The effect of chirality, defects and the density of water encapsulation is studied by subjecting the SWCNT to torsion. The findings show that the torsional strength of SWCNT decreases due to interaction of water molecules and presence of defects in the SWCNT. Additionally,for the case of water molecules encapsulated inside SWCNT, the torsional response depends on the density of packing of water molecules. Our findings and conclusions obtained from this paper is expected to further compliment the potential applications of CNTs as promising candidates for applications in nano-biological and nano-fluidic devices.

Nonlinear dynamic behavior of rubbing rotor under interaction between bending and torsional vibrations

The nonlinear dynamic behavior of a rubbing rotor system was studied with a mathematical model established with the eccentricity and interaction between bending and torsional vibrations taken into consideration. The nonlinear vibrational response of a rubbing rotor was analyzed using numerical integral, spectroscopic analysis and Poince mapping method, which made it possible to have better understanding of the vibrational characteristics of partial rubbing and complete circular rubbing rotors. The numerical results reveal the response of torsional vibration mainly takes a form of superchronous motion, and its frequency decreases as the rotational speed increases when partial rubbing occurs, and the response of torsional vibration is synchronous when complete circular rubbing occurs. The comparison of the dynamics of rubbing rotors with and without the interaction between bending and torsional vibrations shows the interaction between bending and torsional vibrations advances the rotational speed, at which the response of bending vibration changes from a synchronous motion into a quasi periodic motion, and the interaction between bending and torsional vibrations reduces stability of the rubbing rotor.

INTERACTION CURVES OF LINEARLY INTENSIFYING POLYMERIC MATERIALS UNDER TENSILE-TORSIONAL STRESS

Theoretical and experimental research has been performed on the interaction curves and stress paths of crystalline polymeric materials PE and POM under tensile-torsional stress with a linearly intensifying model and in terms of the yield points undergoing Von Mises criterion.

Thermodynamic analysis of interactions between Ti-Al alloys and oxide ceramics

The thermodynamics of interactions between various oxides（CaO,MgO,Al2O3 and Y2O3） and molten Ti and Ti alloys was investigated.The dissolution mechanism of oxides in molten Ti alloys was provided and the stability of oxides in molten Ti alloys was investigated and predicted by thermodynamic analysis.Interactions between oxides and Ti-Al melts were studied by oxide crucible melting experiments.By quantitative analysis,it is indicated that impurity contents in alloys are proportionally decreased with increasing the Al content in alloys and decreasing the melt temperature,which is in agreement with the results of the predicting thermodynamic stability.

Test of subcritical crack growth and fracture toughness under water-rock interaction in three types of rocks

The subcritical crack growth and fracture toughness in peridotite, lherzolite and amphibolite were investigated with double torsion test. The results show that water-rock interaction has a significant influence on subcritical crack growth. With water-rock interaction, the crack velocity increases, while the stress intensity factor declines, which illustrates that water-rock interaction can decrease the strength of rocks and accelerate the subcritical crack growth. Based on Charlse theory and Hilling & Charlse theory, the test data were analyzed by regression and the correlation coefficients were all higher than 0.7, which shows the correlation is significant. This illustrates that both theories can explain the results of tests very well. Therefore, it is believed that the subcritical crack growth attributes to the breaking of chemical bond, which is caused by the combined effect of the tensile stress and the chemical reaction between the material at crack tip and the corrosive agent. Meanwhile, water-rock interaction has a vital effect on fracture toughness. The fracture toughness of samples under atmospheric environment is higher than that of samples immersed in water. And water-rock interaction has larger influence on fracture toughness in amphibolite than that in peridotite and lherzolite.

INTERACTION OF H_2O AND O_2 WITH INTERMETALLIC ALLOYS

The interaction of water vapor and oxygen with Ni 3(Al, Ti) and Ni 3Fe were investigated using Auger electron spectroscopy, X ray photo emission and thermal desorption. These studies showed that water dissociates on Ni 3(Al, Ti) (001) and polycrystalline Ni 3Fe to produce atomic hydrogen above 200 K, while remaining intact when exposed to Ni 3(Al, Ti) (111). In addition, pre adsorbed or co adsorbed oxygen on these surfaces strongly suppresses hydrogen production due to water dissociation. It was shown that adsorbed oxygen reacts with water vapor to produce surface hydroxyls, thus quenching the production of atomic hydrogen. Recent studies revealed an unexpected embrittling effect of boron in Ni 3Al in dry hydrogen. Experiments were proposed to elucidate the different possible roles of boron.

Thermodynamic Analysis on Interaction between Molten Ti Alloys and Oxide Molding Materials

A thermodynamic model has been built up for the interactions between molten Ti alloys and oxide molding materials in the way of decomposition and solution of molding materials, then the influences on the reaction free energy changes have been calculated and discussed.

INTERACTION OF Ce AGAINST Cu,P OR Ti IN Fe-BASE SOLUTION

The equilibrium product in Fe-Cu-Ce,Fe-P-Ce or Fe-Ti-Ce solution have ben Mentified to be Ce_2O_2S,but not the intermetallic compounds of Ce against Cu,P or Ti.The equilibrium eonstant of Ce_2O_2S=2[Ce]+2[O]+[S] and the interaction coefficients between solutes in Fe-base solution have been determined as follows: K_(Ce_2O_2S)=2.57×10^(-5) e_(Ce)^(Cu)=-0.49;e_(Ce)~P=1.77;e_(Ce)^(Ti)=-3.62 e_(Cu)^(Ce)=-0.22;e_P^(Ce)=0.39;e_(Ti)^(Ce)=-1.23 ε_(Ce)^(Cu)=-128.0;ε_(Ce)~P=-224.1;ε_(Ce)^(Ti)=-710.0 Ce decreases the activities of Cu and Ti in Fe-base solution and increases their solubifities,as well as increases the activity of P and decreases its solubility.

Interactions between Ti Al alloy and AZC/AMT binder systems in investment casting

In this work, two kinds of binders, Ammonium Zirconium Carbonate(AZC) and Ammonium Metatungstate(AMT) hydrate, and three kinds of powders(ZrO 2, Al2O3 and Y2O3) were mixed to fabricate six kinds of face coating systems. The thermal behaviors of the AZC and AMT dried binders were investigated by TG-DTA, and the phase transformation of the two binders was determined by XRD. Monoclinic ZrO 2 phase was formed from AZC at 620 °C and WO3 at 700 °C, and the phase transformation was completed at lower than 1000 °C in both binders, and therefore, the sintering temperature for the molds was selected at 950 °C. The interaction between the ceramic molds with different face coatings and the Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb alloy during investment casting was studied. Results showed no α-case reaction in the TiA l-mold reaction, and the AMT + Y2O3 face coating appeared to be the best choice for investment casting of TiA l alloys under the experimental conditions.

CLEAVAGE RUPTURE OF Ti ALLOY TC11 UNDER FATIGUE-CREEP INTERACTION

The cleavage rupture behaviour of the Ti alloy TC11 with various microstructures,i.e., equiaxed,duplex and interweaving,has been studied under fatigue-creep interaction at 520℃.It was found to be not only related to the rate of creep void initiating,but also control- led by the creep strain accumulation on holding under tension test and stress state at crack-tip.This seem to be combinably offected by both value of critic void initiating strain and parameter,V_(GC),of critic void growth.

Torsional oscillations of a rigid disc bonded to multilayered poroelastic medium

This paper deals mainly with the dynamic response of a rigid disc bonded to the surface of a layered poroelastic half-space. The disc is subjected to time-harmonic torsional moment loadings. The half space under consideration consists of a number of layers with different thickness and material properties. Hankel transform techniques and transferring matrix method are used to solve the governing equations. The continuity of the displacement and stress fields between different layers enabled derivation of closed-form solutions in the transform domain. On the assumption that the contact between the disc and the half space is perfectly bonded, this dynamic mixed boundary-value problem can be reduced to dual integral equations, which are further reduced to Fredholm integral equations of the second kind and solved by numerical procedures. Selected numerical results for the dynamic impedance and displacement amplitude of the disc resting on different saturated models are presented to show the influence of the material and geometrical properties of both the saturated soil-foundation system and the nature of the load acting on it. The conclusions obtained can serve as guidelines for practical engineering.

Analysis of Electrical Dipoles Interaction Forces as a Function of the Distance and of the Form of Electrical Force Law

Here, we initially introduced and demonstrated two principles: orientation OR principle and attraction AT principle of electrical dipoles. The OR principle stipulates that any two electrical dipoles P1A, P1B, from two bodies A and B, at any distance in the free state each, will be reciprocally oriented parallel and in the same sense if the electrical interaction forces F between them are of decreasing type with distance r. If the electrical interaction forces F are of increasing type with distance, the two dipoles will be reciprocally oriented parallel but on the opposite sense. The AT principle stipulate that any two electrical dipoles P1A, P1B, at any distance in the free state each, will present always a reciprocal force of attraction FD in both cases of orientation accordingly to OR principle in case of any type of electrical force F decreasing or increasing with distance. These findings may complete our previous work where we found that FD force, between two electrical dipoles P1A, P1B considered at atomic and nuclear level, is in fact the actual gravitation Newton force FN. The paper must be considered together with this work for more consistency.

Activity Interaction Coefficients of Si in Cu-Ti-Si Melts at 1550℃

Activitibs of Si in binary Cu-Si and ternary Cu-Ti-Si melts were measured at 1 550℃ by using a method of chemical equilIbrium between gas and liquid. The activity interaction coefficients of Si in the melts have been determined from the experimental data (lny = -5.69. s = 6.69. P2: = -26.22. E; =-43.96) and activity interaction coefficients of Ti in binary Cu-Ti melt at 1550℃ has been estimated from Sommer's data based on the regular solution model (lny =-1 .10. : = 2.95.p:=-2.10).

Improved Twin I-Girder Curved Bridge-Vehicle Interaction Analysis and Human Sensitivity to Vibration

The perceptible vibration of curved twin I-girder bridges under traffic loads is an important design consideration, because this bridge have rather low torsional stiffness that produce excessive vibrations. The objective of this investigation was to study the vibration of curved twin I-girder bridges due to moving vehicles and the effect of vibrations on bridge users. To this end, a comprehensive three-dimensional finite element models for bridge and vehicle are developed by using ANSYS code for studying bridge-vehicle interaction and the resultant sensitivity to vibration. Truck parameters include the body, the suspension and the tires. Gap and actuator elements are incorporated into the tire models to simulate the separation between the tires and road surface, and road surface roughness, respectively. Road roughness profiles are generated from power spectral density and cross spectral functions. To couple the motion of the bridge and vehicle, Lagrange multipliers and constraint equations are utilized through the augmented Lagrangian method. A parametric study is performed to identify the effect of various parameters on the vibration of the bridge. The results have been expressed in the form of human perceptibility curves. This study finds that the bridge response is significantly influenced by the road roughness, bump height at expansion joint and vehicle speeds. The results show that the inclusion of features such as increasing the torsional stiffness by providing additional stiffened bracing has major effects on the reduction of perceptible vibration.

武器系统地面设备Ti-B20合金时效过程组织与性能调控研究

基于武器系统地面设备对钛合金材料高强度使用的需求,开展影响Ti-B20合金力学性能的因素分析,采用金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)等技术研究了高压扭转变形对Ti-B20合金微观组织演变、时效行为及力学性能的影响。研究结果表明,Ti-B20合金在高压扭转(N=10)变形后没有发生相变,变形方式以位错滑移为主。经过固溶处理的合金在时效过程中析出针状α相,并且其沿着晶界析出。高压扭转变形的合金中产生大量的高密度位错区域,这些区域在时效过程中作为α相的优先形核位点,最终形成分布均匀的超细α相,导致显著的析出强化。

Three-way Subsynchronous Torsional Interactions Between LCC HVDC,MMC HVDC and a Thermal Generator

This paper performs a study on three-way subsynchronous torsional interactions(SSTI)between a hybrid dual-infeed high-voltage direct current(HVDC)system and a nuclear generator.The test case is based on the French IFA2000 line commutated converter(LCC)HVDC(2 GW)and the new Eleclink modular multilevel converter(MMC)HVDC(1 GW)interacting with the Gravelines generator(1 GW).The analysis is performed by the means of the eigenvalue stability assessment on an analytical model,while the accuracy of the conclusions is verified using the detailed non-linear electromegnetic transient program(EMTP)model.The study shows that the dual-infeed system may introduce higher risk of the SSTI compared with the point-to-point HVDC systems.It shows that MMC operating as static synchronous compensator(STATCOM)may further reduce the torsional damping at 6.3 Hz mode.This conclusion may be unexpected since it is known fact from literature that STATCOM has a beneficial impact on the transient performance of LCC.Further studies show that in a sequential HVDC loading,it may be beneficial to load the MMC HVDC first.Also,the risk of the SSTI may be minimized by changing HVDC controller gains,in particular,by increasing phaselocked-loop(PLL)gains on the LCC rectifier.

钛合金Ti-6Al-4V纵扭超声铣削残余应力试验研究

目的提出将纵扭超声振动和铣削加工相复合,对钛合金Ti-6Al-4V进行试验研究,探索工艺参数对加工残余应力的影响规律,实现钛合金的压应力抗疲劳制造。方法通过试验对比分析了纵扭超声铣削和传统铣削在切削力、切削温度和残余应力的差异性。采用正交试验和单因素试验相结合的方法,同时考虑因素交互作用,研究了加工参数、冷却润滑条件以及刀具磨损对加工残余应力的影响。结果相较于传统铣削,纵扭超声铣削能够使平均切削力降低约16.3%,切削温度降低约25.6%,表面残余压应力值增加31.3%。在所选参数范围内,径向切深对表面残余应力的影响较大(贡献率为34.1%),而振幅影响较小(贡献率为6.5%)。表面残余压应力值随着铣削速度、每齿进给量以及径向切深的增大有不同程度的降低,随着振幅的增大有一定程度的提高。采用乳化液作为切削液能够提高加工表面的残余压应力值,而干式切削能够获得和在水、油切削液条件下相当的加工表面残余压应力值。工件表面的残余压应力值随着刀具磨损的增加而逐渐减小。结论纵扭超声铣削能够有效降低切削力和切削温度,提高加工残余压应力值,同时选择适当的工艺参数及润滑冷却条件可进一步增大表面压应力值,可作为一种可靠的压应力制造技术。

[Ti(CO)_6(MPEt_3)]^-(M=Au,Ag,Cu)配合物稳定性及其电子性质的量子化学研究

采用 ab initio HF和密度泛函 B3LYP方法对 [Ti( CO) 6( Au PEt3) ]-配合物稳定性进行系统理论计算 ,并对 Ti— Au金属 -金属相互作用能运用完全均衡校正法对基函数重叠误差 ( BSSE)进行较正 .理论优化的结构与 X射线衍射晶体结构实验值基本相符 ,Ti— Au相互作用能为 1 0 .85 75 e V( B3LYP/ BSSE) .进一步探讨Cu族元素为中心的同系配合物离子 [Ti( CO) 6( MPR3) ]-( M=Cu,Ag;R=Me,H)的电子性质及结合能规律 ,结果表明 :Cu族化合物中 ,Au形成了较为稳定的化合物 ,表现出金属

Ce在铁基溶液中分别与Cu,P,Ti相互作用规律的研究

Fe-Cu-Ce,Fe-P-Ce和Fe-Ti-Ce溶液的平衡产物是Ce_2O_2S,而不是Ce与Cu、P、Ti的金属间化合物。测定了Fe液中Ce_2O_2S=2[Ce]+[O]+2[S]反应的平衡常数和溶质之间的相互作用系数。Ce降低Cu和Ti在Fe液中的活度,增大其溶解度,同时增大P的活度,降低其溶解度。

Ti表面构建Ⅳ型胶原/肝素生物层提高细胞相容性的研究

支架表面内皮化成为最终实现支架与血液及组织长期相容的良好途径,内皮祖细胞在材料表面的集聚、生长与增殖使快速内皮化成为可能。利用静电结合作用将抗凝血药物肝素和内皮细胞基膜中重要组成的Ⅳ型胶原结合到Ti表面,使其具有良好的细胞相容性。Ti通过碱活化和硅烷化处理后,形成带正电荷的氨基表面,与有残留负电荷的肝素/Ⅳ型胶原复合物静电结合,形成生物化层。通过傅立叶红外掠射检测了材料表面特征基团的变化,通过水接触角的测定和扫描电子显微镜跟踪表面亲疏水性能以及表面形貌的变化。通过免疫荧光染色法对Ⅳ型胶原进行定性表征。结果显示仿生层构建成功,修饰后的表面较Ti表面能够粘附更多的内皮祖细胞,细胞生长与增殖较快,且细胞形态良好,细胞相容性得到明显改善。Ⅳ型胶原的引入对于心血管植入器械的表面改性有重要参考价值。