Orthogonal Test Optimization of Extraction Technology of Total Fla-vonoids from Fruits and Leaves of Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc. and Its in Vitro Anti-oxidation Activity

[Objectives]To optimize the extraction technology of total flavonoids component,and investigate its in vitro anti-oxidation activity.[Methods]The single factor was inspected firstly. By orthogonal experiment,the best extraction conditions of total flavonoids from fruits and leaves of P. mume Sieb. et Zucc. were determined,and reducing ability of the extracted total flavonoids and its DPPH and ABTS scavenging abilities were explored. [Results] The best extraction technology conditions: solid-liquid ratio of 1∶ 50,ethanol concentration of 50%,extraction time of 2. 5 h,extraction temperature of 85 ℃,two-time extraction. By detecting DPPH and ABTS scavenging abilities of total flavonoids,the anti-oxidation activity of the total flavonoids from fruits and leaves of P. mume Sieb. et Zucc. was analyzed and evaluated. [Conclusions]Fruits and leaves of P. mume Sieb. et Zucc. had a certain in vitro anti-oxidation activity,and heat reflux extraction method of its total flavonoids had high extraction rate and simple and convenient operation,which had some practical value.

Contrastive Study on Content and Anti-oxidation Activity of Total Saponins from Cultivated and Wild Paris Plants in Southwest China

[Objectives]To study content of total saponins from cultivated and wild Paris herbs in Southwest China,evaluate its in vitro antioxidation activity,and explore the correlation between quality of Paris herbs and production place,variety,cultivated and wild varieties.[Methods]Colorimetric method of perchloric acid reaction was used,and content of total saponins from Paris herbs was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometer at 406 nm. [Results]The lowest content of total saponins from cultivated and wild Paris herbs in Southwest China was0. 55%,while the maximum was 12. 24%,with obvious difference. Total saponins from Paris herbs had stronger clearance ability on free radical DPPH and stronger reduction ability on Fe^(3+),and the results showed good dose-effect relationship with concentration. Among them,S6 had the highest clearance ability on DPPH,which reached 89. 66%. In the determination of reduction ability,the absorbance of S16 reached3. 643 and was the highest,with very good reducing property. Content and anti-oxidation capacity of total saponins from Paris herbs in Southwest China did not have obvious correlation with production place,altitude and cultivation but was related to variety. [Conclusions]The quality of Paris herbs in Southwest China was unstable,and their anti-oxidation abilities were also different,and cultivation could not guarantee high quality. It should normalize cultivation,and develop planting industry of Paris herbs,which could guarantee stable supply of Paris herbs and stability and controllability of quality.

多模式整合教学法在麻醉科实习护士中的应用价值

目的探讨多模式整合教学法对麻醉科护生综合能力及核心能力的影响。方法选取2022年1—6月于广州中医药大学第一附属医院麻醉科实习的25名护生为对照组,另选取2022年7月—2023年1月于广州中医药大学第一附属医院麻醉科实习的25名护生为观察组。对照组采取常规教学模式,观察组采用多模式整合教学法,对2组护生的理论成绩能力、综合能力及核心能力进行比较。结果观察组护生出科时的理论成绩能力、技能操作成绩、案例分析成绩均高于对照组(P<0.001);观察组护生护理评估能力、解决问题能力、技术操作能力、护患沟通能力、病情观察能力评分均高于对照组(P<0.001);观察组领导能力、临床护理、专业发展、教育咨询、人际关系、批判性思维与科研、法律伦理实践等核心能力评分高于对照组(P<0.001);观察组护生成绩总合格率为100%,较对照组的72.00%高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论多模式整合教学法不仅能够提高麻醉科护生的理论成绩,还能增强综合能力及核心能力。

Analysis of Employees’ Professional Development in a Forensic Science Laboratory as a Route towards Organizational Competitiveness

This study was conducted to analyze the competitiveness of a Forensic Science Laboratory (FSL) based on employees’ professional development and diversification into different professions. The FSL is the sole Government Laboratory?in Tanzania which serves the police force, judiciary system and the public?prosecution. A sample of 88 current employees of different professions (53 chemists, 26 technologists and 9 accountants) was used. The data was collected from the?year 2000 to 2015. Mathematical expressions were developed to quantifystagnation and total service time at specific development levels based on which?new?indices (professional development index, PDI;leadership competency index, LCI;and succession index, SI) were developed. The number of employees for support cadres was observed to increase faster in the last 5 years from 34.3% in?2009/2010 to 57.1% in 2014/2015, compared to chemists and technologists.?The?staff-to-line ratio (SLR) has been increasing since 2000, reaching above 0.8?from 2013 to 2015 indicating that the FSL was undergoing diversification and division of labor. The FSL workforce comprised of mainly semi-skilled employees. Promotions have played a big role in employees’ professional development. In some cases employees were promoted to higher level before 3 years stipulated?by public service regulations, regarded as breach of procedures. However,?high?stagnation of employees at specific ranks was observed (up to 9 - 10 years) which causes frustrations, lost morale and engagement. Results indicated that most?of the service years are served in ranks A and B. Indices developed in thisstudy?form a baseline data for strategic analysis of FSL competitiveness in the future?and allow for proper human resource planning. Highest values of LCI and PDI were observed for chemists. Technologists in the FSL show higher succession index compared to chemists and accountants. Employee diversification in the?FSL has been increasing from 2003 to 2015. It was concluded that the FSL?competitive advantage is continuously increasing.

The Role of C-Reactive Protein, Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor and Total Antioxidant Capacity in Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis

Background and Aim: Despite the fact that acute appendicitis is the most common surgical emergency all around the world, its diagnosis is still based on clinical evaluation and accuracy of the diagnosis depending on experience. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of inflammatory markers in diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Material and Method: The study includes 77 cases with histopathologically proven acute appendicitis and 17 control cases. Blood samples were obtained from all cases and C-reactive protein (CRP), Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) were measured. Findings: In cases with acute appendicitis, CRP and G-CSF levels were found to be related to acute appendicitis;however, TAC was not affected by the disease process. Moreover, CRP and G-CSF levels were correlated with the disease severity. Conclusion: Both CRP and G-CSF can be used in diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Furthermore, increased CRP level can be a marker to show advanced cases. However, G-CSF is not an effective marker to show disease severity.

苏州市2017—2022年水中总放射性αβ检测能力验证结果分析

分析2017—2022年考核水样中总放射性αβ检测能力的结果,进一步提高实验室检测水平,保证检测数据的准确性。根据全国总α总β放射性测量能力考核方案及《生活饮用水标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750.13—2006)进行操作并对结果进行分析。2017年和2022年考核成绩为合格,2018—2020年考核成绩为优秀,2021年考核成绩不合格。本实验室连续6次能力验证中,有1次没能通过。通过水中总放射性测量比对总结经验,并及时发现实验室检测中存在的问题,进行改进和优化,提高检测能力,保证结果真实可靠。

Study on Volatile Oil Components and Total Anti-oxidation Capacity and Simulated SOD Activity of Leaves from Michelia chapensis and M. fovelata

The volatile oils from leaves of Michelia chapensis Dandy and M. foveolata Merr.ex Dandy were isolated by organic solvent extraction and their components were analyzed and quantified by GC/MS. Then, the total anti-oxidation capacity and simulated SOD activity were tested. Forty-four compounds in M. chapensis were identified and the main constituents are aromatic (11.057%), ester (5.041%) and terpenoid compounds (19.772%). Fifty-two compounds in M. foveolata were identified, and their main constituents are aromatic (21.293%), alcohol (17.403%), alkene (6.909%), ester (5.657%) and alkane compounds (5.134%). The results showed that the two oils have strong anti-oxidation capacity and simulated SOD activity. The total anti-oxidation capacities were the highest when the volatile oil from M. foveolata was diluted by 50 times and that from M.chapensis by 100 times. The simulated SOD activity of volatile oil from M. chapensis was higher than that from M. foveolata, and CuZn-SODs in the two oils held 73%-74% of the total SOD. These results will provide scientific foundation for the exploration of the bioactivity of M. chapensis and M. foveolata.

喹乙醇对鲤肝胰脏抗氧化酶系统的影响

用含不同剂量喹乙醇(0～3200mg·kg-1)的饲料饲喂鲤,分别对鲤在摄食3、6、9和12周时肝胰脏中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH px)等抗氧化酶活性、脂质过氧化物丙二醛(MDA)含量及总抗氧化能力(T AOC)进行了测定。结果表明,SOD活性随饲料喹乙醇剂量的升高总体上呈升高的趋势,试验时间对各个处理组的SOD酶活性影响不大。饲料中喹乙醇对GSH px活性的影响较小,其剂量达1600mg·kg-1以上时GSH-px酶活性变化明显,主要表现为诱导效应。饲料中喹乙醇剂量的改变大体上不对MDA含量产生影响,且随时间的延长,除3200mg·kg-1组外,其余各实验组的MDA含量都有所降低。随喹乙醇剂量的增加和实验时间的延长,T AOC均呈现降低的趋势,其中以1600和3200mg·kg-1组的下降幅度最大。结果提示,高剂量下喹乙醇对抗氧化酶活性影响较大,并伴随着机体抗氧化能力的减弱。

水体铜对黄河鲤肝胰脏抗氧化酶活性和总抗氧化能力的影响

为了研究不同浓度的水体铜对黄河鲤肝胰脏抗氧化能力的影响,采用0.01、0.05、0.10、0.30、0.50、0.70和1.00mg·L-1Cu2+分别刺激黄河鲤1、3、5、7d后,测定黄河鲤肝胰脏抗氧化酶(超氧化物歧化酶SOD、过氧化氢酶CAT和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶GPx)的活性及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)。结果表明,黄河鲤暴露于0.01mg·L-1Cu2+溶液时,SOD、CAT和GPx活性及T-AOC高于对照组,其中GPx活性达到最大,且显著高于对照组(P<0.05),T-AOC3、5、7d时,显著高于对照组(P<0.05);Cu2+浓度为0.05mg·L-1时,SOD和CAT活性及T-AOC(P<0.05)达到最大,其中SOD和CAT活性3、5、7d时,显著高于对照组(P<0.05),GPx活性1d时高于对照组,3、5、7d时低于对照组,其中5、7d时,显著低于对照组(P<0.05);Cu2+浓度为0.10mg·L-1时,SOD活性3、5、7d显著低于对照组(P<0.05),CAT和GPx活性及T-AOC显著低于对照组(P<0.05);高浓度组(0.30、0.50、0.70和1.00mg·L-1)Cu2+抑制了SOD、CAT和GPx活性及T-AOC。结果提示,黄河鲤肝胰脏SOD、CAT和GPx活性及T-AOC对铜的污染均具指示作用,其中最为灵敏的是GPx活性,可以用来指示低剂量重金属的污染。

以技术管理提升中小企业技术创新能力

随着经济社会发展和,当前形势下企业的技术创新环境和条件已发生了很大变化,根据文献资料并结合企业典型经验做法,从全面创新管理的视角,对中小企业技术管理提升技术创新能力的机制进行系统分析,以期为当前中小企业技术管理和创新提供参考,最后通过案例对比分析阐述了这种能力提升机制。

大规模集成电路预烧作业中分批排序问题的数学模型

分批排序(BatchScheduling)是在半导体生产过程的最后阶段提炼出来的一类重要的排序问题。单机分批排序问题就是n个工件在一台机器上加工,要将工件分批,每批最多可以同时加工B个工件,每批的加工时间等于此批工件中的最大的加工时间。Skutella[8]1998年把平行机排序的P｜｜∑ωjCj和R｜｜∑ωjCj表述成二次的0-1整数规划,得到一些令人满意的结果;国内罗守成等[9]、张倩[10]给出了单机排序问题1｜｜∑ωjCj的数学规划表示,对于用数学规划来研究排序问题是一个很有意义的进展。本文首先介绍总完工时间和最小的带权单机分批排序问题1｜B｜∑ωjCj,然后将1｜B｜∑ωjCj表示成数学规划的形式,并且用数学规划中的对偶理论证明了SPT序是其特殊情况1｜B=1｜∑Cj的最优解。

丹参醇提取物对培养内皮细胞T-AOC、LPO、NO、SOD变化的影响

目的探讨丹参醇提取物对内皮细胞的抗氧化作用。方法以不同浓度的丹参醇提取物分别作用于培养的内皮细胞,收集上清液检测其总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、脂质过氧化物(LPO)、一氧化氮(NO)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)含量的变化。结果丹参醇提取物对内皮细胞T-AOC、NO和SOD含量变化有上调作用;而对丙二醛(MDA)的变化则有下调作用(P<0.05)。结论丹参醇提取物对培养内皮细胞有提高抗氧化能力的作用,为丹参的临床应用积累了实验数据。

流体剪应力作用于间充质干细胞对其诱导内皮分化后抗氧化能力的影响

探讨流体剪应力对间充质干细胞(MSCs)诱导的内皮细胞抗氧化能力的影响。体外培养大鼠骨髓MSCs,于流室中加载不同强度的流体剪应力,加载后向内皮细胞系诱导,检测所得细胞总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、一氧化氮(NO)生成量的变化。流体剪应力对MSCs体外诱导所得内皮细胞的总T-AOC、NO均有上调作用,并呈强度依赖关系。流体剪应力对骨髓MSCs体外诱导培养的内皮细胞具有保护性作用,为缺血性心脏病的细胞治疗及心血管组织工程提供了理论基础。

儿科护理硕士专业学位研究生临床能力培养质量管理探讨

目的建立科学、系统、规范的儿科护理硕士专业学位研究生临床能力培养质量管理体系,提高教学质量。方法借鉴全面质量管理理论和ISO9000国际质量管理理论,结合儿科护理硕士专业学位研究生培养目标,从管理组织、资源管理、质量管理实施、质量监控4大方面构建质量管理体系。结果已培养9名儿科护理硕士专业学位研究生,用人单位反映满意。结论对儿科护理硕士专业学位研究生培养过程进行全面管理,可有效提高其临床能力,保证培养质量。

利金方对慢性阻塞性肺疾病大鼠抗氧化应激的影响

目的观察利金方对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)大鼠血清和支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GST)及过氧化氢酶(CAT)的含量及总抗氧化力表达的影响。方法将72只SPF级Wistar大鼠随机分为空白组,模型组,乙酰半胱氨酸组,利金方低、中、高剂量组,每组12只。除空白组外,其余各组分别为通过烟熏法复制COPD大鼠模型。造模结束后各组大鼠分别以不同的方式进行干预,空白组及模型组给予生理盐水10 ml/kg灌胃;乙酰半胱氨酸组给予乙酰半胱氨酸颗粒1 ml/kg灌胃;利金方低、中、高剂量组分别给予利金方药液3ml/kg、6 ml/kg、12 ml/kg灌胃。检测各组大鼠血清和BALF中SOD、GST、CAT、总抗氧化力的含量,并观察大鼠肺组织病理形态学改变。结果除空白组外,各组大鼠气管内可见慢性炎症改变,肺泡扩张,肺泡间隔变窄并断裂,部分相邻肺泡融合成较大囊腔等病理学改变,大鼠血清及BALF中SOD、GST、CAT、总抗氧化力的含量明显降低;肺组织病理下,利金方低、中、高剂量组和乙酰半胱氨酸组的炎症反应较模型组明显减低,血清及BALF中SOD、GST、CAT、总抗氧化力的含量均明显上升;利金方高剂量组的病理学减轻程度优于利金方低、中剂量组和乙酰半胱氨酸组;利金方高剂量组血清及BALF中SOD、GST、CAT、总抗氧化力的含量较乙酰半胱氨酸组均明显上升。结论利金方可提高COPD大鼠血清及BALF中SOD、GST、CAT、总抗氧化力的含量,减轻气道损伤,从而达到治疗COPD的目的。

何首乌提取物对内皮细胞T-AOC、LPO、NO、SOD代谢的影响

目的探讨何首乌提取物对正常内皮细胞的保护作用。方法体外培养内皮细胞,用不同浓度的何首乌提取物分别作用于内皮细胞,检测其总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、脂质过氧化物(LPO)、一氧化氮(NO)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的变化。结果何首乌提取物对内皮细胞T-AOC和NO有上调作用,并有浓度依赖关系,对SOD25mg/L和12.5mg/L组有上调作用,50mg/L组则无上调作用,而对LPO25mg/L和12.5mg/L组有下调作用,50mg/L组无下调作用。结论何首乌提取物对体外培养的内皮细胞具有保护作用,为临床选择有效保护内皮细胞的药物提供了依据。

全面质量管理体系下的销售管理分析

本文结合全面质量管理(TQM)的相关概念,以企业核心竞争力和客户满意度为目标,阐述了全面质量管理原则对于销售管理的启示,并且根据销售管理的实践工作进行分析,提出按照TQM原则改善销售管理各个环节的方法。

医院全成本核算的探索与实践

目的:通过探索全成本核算,找到加强内部管理、降低成本的方向,提高医院竞争力。方法:实施全成本核算。结果:强化了领导的决策导向,促进了专项制度的建立,提高了经济效益。结论:实施全成本核算是提高医院竞争力的有效措施。

微胶囊化儿茶素对阿霉素肾病大鼠总抗氧化能力的影响

目的:探讨微胶囊化儿茶素对阿霉素肾病大鼠总抗氧化能力的影响。方法:将60只雌性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、肾病组、激素组、VE组、儿茶素组和微胶囊组共六组,尾静脉一次性注射阿霉素(5mg/kg)制备肾病模型;实验第六周末杀鼠取尿、血、肾及肝脏,利用生化法测定血、肾及肝脏总抗氧化能力和·OH,利用考马斯亮蓝法测定24h尿蛋白的排泄量。结果:微胶囊组大鼠血、肾及肝脏中总抗氧化能力显著高于儿茶素组(p<0.01);微胶囊组大鼠·OH的浓度在肾与肝脏中显著低于儿茶素组(p分别<0.05,0.01),在血清中无显著性差异;微胶囊化儿茶素治疗组24h尿蛋白排泄量显著低于儿茶素治疗组(p>0.05)。结论:微胶囊化儿茶素可能是通过提高肾病大鼠总抗氧化能力,有效清除·OH,达到降低肾病大鼠尿蛋白排泄的目的。

基于ESI的我国大陆26所师范类高校学科竞争力计量分析

基于ESI科研评价分析工具,以我国进入ESI全球前1%大陆26所师范类高校学科为研究对象,对2018年1月更新的ESI数据进行计量分析,从ESI论文数、总被引频次、入围学科数量及类别、高被引论文数、热门论文数等指标来展现我国大陆师范类高校ESI学科的发展现状及趋势。研究发现,我国大陆26所入围师范类高校的ESI论文数和总被引频次整体呈上升的趋势,高被引论文数和热门论文数却相对较少,学科影响力相对较弱;ESI学科分布存在明显失衡,学科创新力不高。师范类高校应采取措施优化学科布局,加强学科内涵建设和高层次人才队伍建设,促进学科国际合作,提升学科建设质量和学科影响力。