The third Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition （3rd CHINARE-Arctic in 2008） was carried out from July to September 2008. During the survey, numerous sea water samples were taken for CO2 parameter measurement ...The third Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition （3rd CHINARE-Arctic in 2008） was carried out from July to September 2008. During the survey, numerous sea water samples were taken for CO2 parameter measurement （including total alkalinity TA and total dissolved inorganic carbon DIC）.The distribution of COs parameters in the Western Arctic Ocean was determined, and the controlling factors are addressed. The ranges of summertime TA, normalized TA （nTA）, DIC and normalized DIC （nDIC） in the surface seawater were 1 757 2 229 umol.kg 1 2 383-2 722 umol.kg-1, 1 681 2 034 pmol.kg 1, 2 119--2 600 umol.kg-1, respectively. Because of dilution from ice meltwater, the surface TA and DIC concentrations were relatively low. TA in the upper 100 m to the south of 78°N had good correlation with salinity, showing a conservative behavior. The distribution followed the seawater-river mixing line at salinity 〉30, then followed the seawater mixing line （diluted by river water to salinity = 30） with the ice meltwater. The DIC distribution in the Chukchi Sea was dominated by biological production or respiration of organic matter, whereas conservative mixing dominated the mixed layer TA distribution in the ice-free Canada Basin.展开更多
In recent day’s power distribution system is distress from acute power quality issues.In this work,for compensating Power Quality(PQ)disturbances a seven level cascaded H-bridge inverter is implemented in distributio...In recent day’s power distribution system is distress from acute power quality issues.In this work,for compensating Power Quality(PQ)disturbances a seven level cascaded H-bridge inverter is implemented in distribution static com-pensator which protects power quality problems in currents.Distribution Static Compensator(DSTATCOM)aid to enhances power factor and removes total har-monic distortion which is drawn from non-linear load.The D–Q reference theory based hysteresis current controller is employed to generate reference current for compensation of harmonics and reactive power,additionally Probabilistic Neural Network(PNN)classifier is used which easily separates exact harmonics.In the meantime fuzzy logic controller is also used to maintain capacitor DC-link poten-tial.When comparing to PI controller it decreases steady state time and reduces maximum peak overshoot.Cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter converts direct current to Alternating current,through inductor opposite harmonics are injected in Power Control Centre reduces source current harmonics and reactive power.The implementation of CHBMLI in distribution STATic COMpensator simulation model is simulated by means of MATLAB.展开更多
由于统一潮流控制器的广泛应用受制其可靠性及成本高昂等不足,分布式潮流控制器（unified power flow controller,DPFC）应运而生。为分析DPFC提升最大输电能力期望和供电可靠性的效能,需要将该装置纳入大电网可靠性评估中。针对其分布...由于统一潮流控制器的广泛应用受制其可靠性及成本高昂等不足,分布式潮流控制器（unified power flow controller,DPFC）应运而生。为分析DPFC提升最大输电能力期望和供电可靠性的效能,需要将该装置纳入大电网可靠性评估中。针对其分布式串联侧进行结构解析,从而确定DPFC的运行状态及空间转移模型,通过马尔科夫过程可求解出DPFC各状态平稳概率与故障/修复率。基于此,建立含DPFC的系统潮流计算模型,并提出从断面最大输电能力期望和供电可靠性两大角度来综合评价DPFC效能的研究方法。经IEEE-RTS79算例分析表明：所述方法能够有效评价DPFC在电网可靠性方面的改善能力,可以从可靠性角度来确定DPFC最优配置方案,从而为实际工程提供一定指导意义。展开更多
基金funded from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 40976116)the Scientific Research Foundation of Third Institute of Oceanography,SOA (Grant nos. 2010011, 2010001)+1 种基金sponsored by the China Program for International Polar Year 2007–2008the Special Research Foundation for Public Welfare Marine Program(Grant no. 201105022–2)
文摘The third Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition （3rd CHINARE-Arctic in 2008） was carried out from July to September 2008. During the survey, numerous sea water samples were taken for CO2 parameter measurement （including total alkalinity TA and total dissolved inorganic carbon DIC）.The distribution of COs parameters in the Western Arctic Ocean was determined, and the controlling factors are addressed. The ranges of summertime TA, normalized TA （nTA）, DIC and normalized DIC （nDIC） in the surface seawater were 1 757 2 229 umol.kg 1 2 383-2 722 umol.kg-1, 1 681 2 034 pmol.kg 1, 2 119--2 600 umol.kg-1, respectively. Because of dilution from ice meltwater, the surface TA and DIC concentrations were relatively low. TA in the upper 100 m to the south of 78°N had good correlation with salinity, showing a conservative behavior. The distribution followed the seawater-river mixing line at salinity 〉30, then followed the seawater mixing line （diluted by river water to salinity = 30） with the ice meltwater. The DIC distribution in the Chukchi Sea was dominated by biological production or respiration of organic matter, whereas conservative mixing dominated the mixed layer TA distribution in the ice-free Canada Basin.
文摘In recent day’s power distribution system is distress from acute power quality issues.In this work,for compensating Power Quality(PQ)disturbances a seven level cascaded H-bridge inverter is implemented in distribution static com-pensator which protects power quality problems in currents.Distribution Static Compensator(DSTATCOM)aid to enhances power factor and removes total har-monic distortion which is drawn from non-linear load.The D–Q reference theory based hysteresis current controller is employed to generate reference current for compensation of harmonics and reactive power,additionally Probabilistic Neural Network(PNN)classifier is used which easily separates exact harmonics.In the meantime fuzzy logic controller is also used to maintain capacitor DC-link poten-tial.When comparing to PI controller it decreases steady state time and reduces maximum peak overshoot.Cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter converts direct current to Alternating current,through inductor opposite harmonics are injected in Power Control Centre reduces source current harmonics and reactive power.The implementation of CHBMLI in distribution STATic COMpensator simulation model is simulated by means of MATLAB.
文摘由于统一潮流控制器的广泛应用受制其可靠性及成本高昂等不足,分布式潮流控制器（unified power flow controller,DPFC）应运而生。为分析DPFC提升最大输电能力期望和供电可靠性的效能,需要将该装置纳入大电网可靠性评估中。针对其分布式串联侧进行结构解析,从而确定DPFC的运行状态及空间转移模型,通过马尔科夫过程可求解出DPFC各状态平稳概率与故障/修复率。基于此,建立含DPFC的系统潮流计算模型,并提出从断面最大输电能力期望和供电可靠性两大角度来综合评价DPFC效能的研究方法。经IEEE-RTS79算例分析表明：所述方法能够有效评价DPFC在电网可靠性方面的改善能力,可以从可靠性角度来确定DPFC最优配置方案,从而为实际工程提供一定指导意义。
