Andrographolide total ester sulfonate（ATES） injection is one of the products of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） currently used against viral infection in China.ATES injection was approved for manufacturing and m...Andrographolide total ester sulfonate（ATES） injection is one of the products of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） currently used against viral infection in China.ATES injection was approved for manufacturing and marketing in January 2002.It is indicated for acute respiratory infections,tonsillitis,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,influenza,foot and mouth disease,bronchiolitis,herpangina,mumps,infectious mononucleosis and psychosis.However,its usage also carries risk.We investigated the use of ATES at the Wuhan Union Hospital from January 2014 to December 2014 and evaluated its real-world clinical application using the hospital centralized monitoring method.A total of 848 cases were enrolled in this study.In these cases,it was mainly used for postoperative anti-inflammation and treating upper respiratory infection,pneumonia and bronchitis.Among them,39.86% were contraindicated.Irregular medication of adults and children accounted for 1.91% and 23.38%,respectively.Improper choice of solvent accounted for 3.18%.The choice of intravenous drip versus aerosol inhalation was reasonable.A case of adverse events（AEs） was observed in the monitoring period,and the incidence of adverse drug reaction（ADR） of ATES injection was 0.12%.ATES injection in our hospital is relatively safe with a low incidence of adverse reactions.The study assesses the clinical usage and adverse reactions of ATES injection,and provides suggestions for rational use in clinical practice.展开更多
Using jujube juice prepared from red jujube as raw material and Saccharomyces cerevisiae as experimental strain,the effect of nutrients on the content of total ester in jujube wine was studied. The nutrients affecting...Using jujube juice prepared from red jujube as raw material and Saccharomyces cerevisiae as experimental strain,the effect of nutrients on the content of total ester in jujube wine was studied. The nutrients affecting the total ester content of jujube wine were glutamine,arginine,calcium chloride and biotin by Plackett-Burman design. Through the steepest ascent test,it was determined that the central points of the optimum addition of nutrients were glutamine 40 mg/L,arginine 50 mg/L,calcium chloride 35 mg/L and biotin 0. 25 mg/L,respectively.Through Box-Behnken experiment design,taking glutamine,arginine,calcium chloride and biotin as experimental factors,and the content of total ester in jujube wine as response value,the response surface optimization experiment was carried out and the verification experiment was also carried out. It was found that the response surface model can be used to predict the total ester content of jujube wine when nutritional elements were added. When the content of total ester in jujube wine was the highest,the optimal combination of nutrients was glutamine38. 8 mg/L,arginine 53. 8 mg/L,calcium chloride 35. 7 mg/L and biotin 0. 3 mg/L. At this point,the content of total ester in jujube wine was 628 mg/L,which was very close to the predicted value. Through the sensory evaluation of jujube wine,it was found that adding nutrients could help to improve the taste of jujube wine,and the fermentation method of jujube wine by adding nutrients was simple and feasible.展开更多
基金supported by the Guangdong Pharmacological Society of China(No.2009ZX09502-030)
文摘Andrographolide total ester sulfonate（ATES） injection is one of the products of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） currently used against viral infection in China.ATES injection was approved for manufacturing and marketing in January 2002.It is indicated for acute respiratory infections,tonsillitis,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,influenza,foot and mouth disease,bronchiolitis,herpangina,mumps,infectious mononucleosis and psychosis.However,its usage also carries risk.We investigated the use of ATES at the Wuhan Union Hospital from January 2014 to December 2014 and evaluated its real-world clinical application using the hospital centralized monitoring method.A total of 848 cases were enrolled in this study.In these cases,it was mainly used for postoperative anti-inflammation and treating upper respiratory infection,pneumonia and bronchitis.Among them,39.86% were contraindicated.Irregular medication of adults and children accounted for 1.91% and 23.38%,respectively.Improper choice of solvent accounted for 3.18%.The choice of intravenous drip versus aerosol inhalation was reasonable.A case of adverse events（AEs） was observed in the monitoring period,and the incidence of adverse drug reaction（ADR） of ATES injection was 0.12%.ATES injection in our hospital is relatively safe with a low incidence of adverse reactions.The study assesses the clinical usage and adverse reactions of ATES injection,and provides suggestions for rational use in clinical practice.
基金Supported by Efficient Ecological Agriculture Innovation Program of Taishan Industrial Leading Talent Project(LJNY2015004)
文摘Using jujube juice prepared from red jujube as raw material and Saccharomyces cerevisiae as experimental strain,the effect of nutrients on the content of total ester in jujube wine was studied. The nutrients affecting the total ester content of jujube wine were glutamine,arginine,calcium chloride and biotin by Plackett-Burman design. Through the steepest ascent test,it was determined that the central points of the optimum addition of nutrients were glutamine 40 mg/L,arginine 50 mg/L,calcium chloride 35 mg/L and biotin 0. 25 mg/L,respectively.Through Box-Behnken experiment design,taking glutamine,arginine,calcium chloride and biotin as experimental factors,and the content of total ester in jujube wine as response value,the response surface optimization experiment was carried out and the verification experiment was also carried out. It was found that the response surface model can be used to predict the total ester content of jujube wine when nutritional elements were added. When the content of total ester in jujube wine was the highest,the optimal combination of nutrients was glutamine38. 8 mg/L,arginine 53. 8 mg/L,calcium chloride 35. 7 mg/L and biotin 0. 3 mg/L. At this point,the content of total ester in jujube wine was 628 mg/L,which was very close to the predicted value. Through the sensory evaluation of jujube wine,it was found that adding nutrients could help to improve the taste of jujube wine,and the fermentation method of jujube wine by adding nutrients was simple and feasible.
