We conducted a transient experimental investigation of steam–water direct contact condensation in the absence of noncondensible gas in a laboratory-scale column with the inner diameter of 325 mm and the height of 104...We conducted a transient experimental investigation of steam–water direct contact condensation in the absence of noncondensible gas in a laboratory-scale column with the inner diameter of 325 mm and the height of 1045 mm. We applied a new analysis method for the steam state equation to analyze the molar quantity change in steam over the course of the experiment and determined the transient steam variation. We also investigated the influence of flow rates and temperatures ofcooling water on the efficiency ofsteam condensation. Our experimental results show that appropriate increasing of the cooling water flow rate can significantly accelerate the steam condensation. We achieved a rapid increase in the total volumetric heat transfer coefficient by increasing the flow rate of cooling water, which indicated a higher thermal convection between the steam and the cooling water with higher flow rates. We found that the temperature ofcooling water did not play an important role on steam condensation. This method was confirmed to be effective for rapid recovering ofsteam.展开更多
The phenomenon of direct-contact condensation,used in steam driven jet injectors,nuclear reactor emergency core cooling systems and direct-contact heat exchangers,was investigated computationally by introducing a ther...The phenomenon of direct-contact condensation,used in steam driven jet injectors,nuclear reactor emergency core cooling systems and direct-contact heat exchangers,was investigated computationally by introducing a thermal equilibrium model for direct-contact condensation of steam in subcooled water.The condensation model presented was a two resistance model which takes care of the heat transfer process on both sides of the interface and uses a variable steam bubble diameter.The injection of supersonic steam jet in subcooled water tank was simulated using the Euler-Euler multiphase flow model of Fluent 6.3 code with the condensation model incorporated. The findings of the computational fluid dynamics（CFD） simulations were compared with the published experimental data and fairly good agreement was observed between the two,thus validating the condensation model.The results of CFD simulations for dimensionless penetration length of steam plume varies from 2.73-7.33,while the condensation heat transfer coefficient varies from 0.75-0.917 MW·（m ^2 ·K）^ -1 for water temperature in the range of 293-343 K.展开更多
This paper presents an experimental investigation on condensation of R410 A upward flow in vertical tubes with the same inner diameter of 8.02 mm and different lengths of 300 mm, 400 mm, 500 mm and 600 mm. Condensatio...This paper presents an experimental investigation on condensation of R410 A upward flow in vertical tubes with the same inner diameter of 8.02 mm and different lengths of 300 mm, 400 mm, 500 mm and 600 mm. Condensation experiments were performed at mass fluxes of 103-490 kg m-2s-1. The saturation temperatures of experimental condition were 31℃, 38℃and 48℃, alternatively. The average vapor quality in the test section is between 0.91 and 0.98. The effects of tube length, mass flux and condensation temperature on condensation were discussed. Four correlations used for the upward flow condensation were compared with the experimental data obtained from various experimental conditions. A modified correlation was proposed within a ±15% deviation range.展开更多
Film condensation is a vital phenomenon in the nuclear engineering applications,such as the gas-steam pressurizer design,and heat removing on containment in the case of postulated accident.Reynolds number in film cond...Film condensation is a vital phenomenon in the nuclear engineering applications,such as the gas-steam pressurizer design,and heat removing on containment in the case of postulated accident.Reynolds number in film condensation can be calculated from either the mass relation or the energy relation,but few researches have distinguished the difference between them at present.This paper studies the effect of Reynolds correlation in the natural convection film condensation on the outer tube.The general forms of the heat transfer coefficient correlation of film condensation are developed in different flow regimes.By simultaneously solving a set of the heat transfer coefficient correlations with Re_(mass) and Re_(energy),the general expressions for Re_(mass) and Re_(energy) and the relation between the corresponding heat transfer coefficients are obtained.In the laminar and wavefree flow regime,Re_(mass) and Re_(energy) are equivalent,while in the laminar and wavy flow regime,Re_(mass) is much smaller than Re_(energy),and the deviation of the corresponding average heat transfer coefficients is about 30% at the maximum.In the turbulent flow regime,the relation of Re_(mass) and Re_(energy)is greatly influenced by Prandtl number.The relative deviation of their average heat transfer coefficients is the nonlinear function of Reynolds number and Prandtl number.Compared with experimental results,the heat transfer coefficient calculated from Re_(energy) is more accurate.展开更多
This paper developed a new type of three dimensional inner microfin tube. The experimental results of the flow patterns for the horizontal condensation inside these tubes are reported in the paper. The flow patterns f...This paper developed a new type of three dimensional inner microfin tube. The experimental results of the flow patterns for the horizontal condensation inside these tubes are reported in the paper. The flow patterns for the horizontal condensation inside the new made tubes are divided into annular flow, stratified flow and intermittent flow within the test conditions. The experiments of the local heat transfer coefficients for the different flow patterns have been systematically carried out. The experiments of the local heat transfer coefficients changing with the vapor dryness fraction have also been carried out. As compared with the heat transfer coefficients of the two dimensional inner microfin tubes, those of the three dimensional inner microfin tubes increase 47-127% for the annular flow region, 38-183% for the stratified flow and 15-75% for the intermittent flow, respectively. The enhancement factor of the local heat transfer coefficients is from 1.8-6.9 for the vapor dryness fraction from 0.05 to 1.展开更多
文摘We conducted a transient experimental investigation of steam–water direct contact condensation in the absence of noncondensible gas in a laboratory-scale column with the inner diameter of 325 mm and the height of 1045 mm. We applied a new analysis method for the steam state equation to analyze the molar quantity change in steam over the course of the experiment and determined the transient steam variation. We also investigated the influence of flow rates and temperatures ofcooling water on the efficiency ofsteam condensation. Our experimental results show that appropriate increasing of the cooling water flow rate can significantly accelerate the steam condensation. We achieved a rapid increase in the total volumetric heat transfer coefficient by increasing the flow rate of cooling water, which indicated a higher thermal convection between the steam and the cooling water with higher flow rates. We found that the temperature ofcooling water did not play an important role on steam condensation. This method was confirmed to be effective for rapid recovering ofsteam.
文摘The phenomenon of direct-contact condensation,used in steam driven jet injectors,nuclear reactor emergency core cooling systems and direct-contact heat exchangers,was investigated computationally by introducing a thermal equilibrium model for direct-contact condensation of steam in subcooled water.The condensation model presented was a two resistance model which takes care of the heat transfer process on both sides of the interface and uses a variable steam bubble diameter.The injection of supersonic steam jet in subcooled water tank was simulated using the Euler-Euler multiphase flow model of Fluent 6.3 code with the condensation model incorporated. The findings of the computational fluid dynamics（CFD） simulations were compared with the published experimental data and fairly good agreement was observed between the two,thus validating the condensation model.The results of CFD simulations for dimensionless penetration length of steam plume varies from 2.73-7.33,while the condensation heat transfer coefficient varies from 0.75-0.917 MW·（m ^2 ·K）^ -1 for water temperature in the range of 293-343 K.
基金supported by National Key Technology R&D Program (2012BAB12B02)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51376019)
文摘This paper presents an experimental investigation on condensation of R410 A upward flow in vertical tubes with the same inner diameter of 8.02 mm and different lengths of 300 mm, 400 mm, 500 mm and 600 mm. Condensation experiments were performed at mass fluxes of 103-490 kg m-2s-1. The saturation temperatures of experimental condition were 31℃, 38℃and 48℃, alternatively. The average vapor quality in the test section is between 0.91 and 0.98. The effects of tube length, mass flux and condensation temperature on condensation were discussed. Four correlations used for the upward flow condensation were compared with the experimental data obtained from various experimental conditions. A modified correlation was proposed within a ±15% deviation range.
基金supported by Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China(No.20130002120016)the Science Found for Creative Groups of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51321002)the project of "Research and validation of key technology and device for NHR200-Ⅱ nuclear heating reactor"
文摘Film condensation is a vital phenomenon in the nuclear engineering applications,such as the gas-steam pressurizer design,and heat removing on containment in the case of postulated accident.Reynolds number in film condensation can be calculated from either the mass relation or the energy relation,but few researches have distinguished the difference between them at present.This paper studies the effect of Reynolds correlation in the natural convection film condensation on the outer tube.The general forms of the heat transfer coefficient correlation of film condensation are developed in different flow regimes.By simultaneously solving a set of the heat transfer coefficient correlations with Re_(mass) and Re_(energy),the general expressions for Re_(mass) and Re_(energy) and the relation between the corresponding heat transfer coefficients are obtained.In the laminar and wavefree flow regime,Re_(mass) and Re_(energy) are equivalent,while in the laminar and wavy flow regime,Re_(mass) is much smaller than Re_(energy),and the deviation of the corresponding average heat transfer coefficients is about 30% at the maximum.In the turbulent flow regime,the relation of Re_(mass) and Re_(energy)is greatly influenced by Prandtl number.The relative deviation of their average heat transfer coefficients is the nonlinear function of Reynolds number and Prandtl number.Compared with experimental results,the heat transfer coefficient calculated from Re_(energy) is more accurate.
文摘This paper developed a new type of three dimensional inner microfin tube. The experimental results of the flow patterns for the horizontal condensation inside these tubes are reported in the paper. The flow patterns for the horizontal condensation inside the new made tubes are divided into annular flow, stratified flow and intermittent flow within the test conditions. The experiments of the local heat transfer coefficients for the different flow patterns have been systematically carried out. The experiments of the local heat transfer coefficients changing with the vapor dryness fraction have also been carried out. As compared with the heat transfer coefficients of the two dimensional inner microfin tubes, those of the three dimensional inner microfin tubes increase 47-127% for the annular flow region, 38-183% for the stratified flow and 15-75% for the intermittent flow, respectively. The enhancement factor of the local heat transfer coefficients is from 1.8-6.9 for the vapor dryness fraction from 0.05 to 1.
