Dynamic Analysis of Nitric Oxide and Total Oxidant Capacity in Cow Uterine Secretion with Subclinical Endometritis

Subclinical endometritis is a physiological inflammation that serves to clear persistent contaminants from the uterus. To investigate the alteration of antioxidant, such as vitamin E（VE） and vitamin C（VC）, total oxidant capacity（TOC） and nitric oxide（NO） in cows with normal and subclinical endometritis（SCE）, we examined the concentrations of NO, VC and VE, TOC and polymorphonuclear neutrophils（PMN） percentage in uterine secretion. The cows were divided into two groups, normal（n=20） and subclinical endometritis（SCE, n=60）, based on endometrial cytology（presence of PMN≥5%）. Uterine secretion and blood were collected as described previously. Griess reaction was used to determine the concentration of NO. The concentrations of TOC, VC and VE were detected by a commercially available assay kit. The results showed that the concentrations of NO, TOC and PMN percentage were significantly higher（P〈0.01, P〈0.05, and P〈0.01, respectively） in uterine secretion with SCE compared to those from normal; however, the levels of VC and VE were significantly lesser（P〈0.01）. In conclusion, the concentrations of NO, TOC, VC, VE and PMN percentage differed between normal and SCE cows. Meanwhile, the relationship between the concentration of NO and PMN percentage from uterine secretion in cows with subclinical endometritis were positively correlated. Consequently, these alterations in NO, TOC, VC, VE levels and PMN percentage contributed to as a diagnostic index of the uterine inflammation, with the aim to increase the reproduction of the cows and the decrease economic losses.

The effect of sunblock against oxidative stress in farmers：a pilot study

Farmers are frequently exposed to ultraviolet（UV） radiation which causes various diseases by inducing oxidative stress.This study aimed to assess the effects of sunblock on oxidative stress in the body.Eighty-seven farmers were divided into two groups：those who wore sunblock for five days and those who did not.The total antioxidant capacity（TAC） in urine,which is an antioxidant indicator,and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine（8-OHdG） levels in urine,an oxidative stress indicator,were measured.The urinary TAC of sunblock users was significantly higher than that of non-users,but urinary 8-OHdG levels were not significantly different.Even after adjustment for potential confounders,urinary TAC was found to be markedly increased with sunblock usage.These results suggest that sunblock is effective in preventing oxidative stress among farmers.In addition,they show that urinary TAC can be used as a good effect marker of oxidative stress caused by UV exposure.

A Monochromophoric Approach to Succinct Ratiometric Fluorescent Probes without Probe-Product Crosstalk

Ratiometric probes facilitate quantitative studies via self-calibration and are cherished for bioimaging.Often,a small probe-product spectral separation leads to crosstalk,but the rational development of ratiometric probes with zero probe-product crosstalk remains challenging.Harnessing the recent progress on photophysical modulation of xanthenoid fluorochromes,we propose a powerful and versatile probe design principle,that is,“bridging-group modification,”and developed totalROX,a robust probe for monitoring the total cellular oxidative capacity.