The International GNSS Service(IGS) final products(ephemeris and clocks-correction) have made the GNSS an indispensable low-cost tool for scientific research, for example sub-daily atmospheric water vapor monitoring. ...The International GNSS Service(IGS) final products(ephemeris and clocks-correction) have made the GNSS an indispensable low-cost tool for scientific research, for example sub-daily atmospheric water vapor monitoring. In this study, we investigate if there is a systematic difference coming from the choice between the Vienna Mapping Function 1(VMF1) and the Global Mapping Function(GMF) for the modeling of Zenith Total Delay(ZTD) estimates, as well as the Integrated Precipitable Water Vapor(IPWV) estimates that are deduced from them. As ZTD estimates cannot be fully separated from coordinate estimates, we also investigated the coordinate repeatability between subsequent measurements.For this purpose, we monitored twelve GNSS stations on a global scale, for each of the three climatic zones(polar, mid-latitudes and tropical), with four stations on each zone. We used an automated processing based on the Bernese GNSS Software Version 5.2 by applying the Precise Point Positioning(PPP)approach, L3 Ionosphere-free linear combination, 7 cutoff elevation angle and 2 h sampling. We noticed an excellent agreement with the ZTD estimates and coordinate repeatability for all the stations w.r.t to CODE(the Center for Orbit Determination in Europe) and USNO(US Naval Observatory) products, except for the Antarctic station(Davis) which shows systematic biases for the GMF related results. As a final step, we investigated the effect of using two mapping functions(VMF1 and GMF) to estimate the IPWV,w.r.t the IPWV estimates provided by the Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive(IGRA). The GPS-derived IPWV estimates are very close to the radiosonde-derived IPWV estimates, except for one station in the tropics(Tahiti).展开更多
精密单点定位(precise point positioning, PPP)反演大气可降水量(precipitable water vapor, PWV)具有精度高、实时性强等优点,能够在灾害监测、降雨预报及探测降水信息等方面发挥重要作用。为评估整周模糊度固定模式下PPP-AR(PPP ambi...精密单点定位(precise point positioning, PPP)反演大气可降水量(precipitable water vapor, PWV)具有精度高、实时性强等优点,能够在灾害监测、降雨预报及探测降水信息等方面发挥重要作用。为评估整周模糊度固定模式下PPP-AR(PPP ambiguity resolution)反演PWV的性能,选取全球范围16个MGEX站2022年4个时段的观测数据,采用最终精密星历解算,设置不同星座组合(GPS,BDS-3,GPS+BDS-3,GPS+GLO+GAL+BDS-3)获取对流层延迟(zenith total delay, ZTD)估值,并转换为PWV。从PPP-ZTD与IGS-ZTD的相关性、PPP-ZTD收敛时间、ZTD估值精度和PPP-PWV估值精度4个方面评价多模PPP-AR探测水汽的性能。结果表明,与单(G、C)、双系统(GC)固定解相比,多系统(GREC)固定解获取ZTD估值更加精确,相关系数更高。相较于单、双系统,多系统具有更快的收敛速度,收敛时间分别缩短了27%,25%和20%,多系统固定解与浮点解相比收敛时间缩短11%。此外,对GNSS PPP反演的PWV与探空站PWV(RS-PWV)进行对比,结果表明,WUH2站与HOB2站单、双、多系统固定解、多系统浮点解(float-GREC)的平均均方根误差分别为6.40 mm, 6.48 mm, 6.19 mm, 6.17 mm, 6.19 mm和5.82 mm, 5.77 mm, 5.72 mm, 5.62 mm, 5.70 mm。多模下得到的PWV估值精度最高,可为高精度的水汽反演提供支持。展开更多
基金the innovation carrier project by Zhejiang provincial science and Technology Department (2017F10008)the French Space Agency (CNES) for their funding, through a DAR grant to the Geodesy Observatory of Tahiti
文摘The International GNSS Service(IGS) final products(ephemeris and clocks-correction) have made the GNSS an indispensable low-cost tool for scientific research, for example sub-daily atmospheric water vapor monitoring. In this study, we investigate if there is a systematic difference coming from the choice between the Vienna Mapping Function 1(VMF1) and the Global Mapping Function(GMF) for the modeling of Zenith Total Delay(ZTD) estimates, as well as the Integrated Precipitable Water Vapor(IPWV) estimates that are deduced from them. As ZTD estimates cannot be fully separated from coordinate estimates, we also investigated the coordinate repeatability between subsequent measurements.For this purpose, we monitored twelve GNSS stations on a global scale, for each of the three climatic zones(polar, mid-latitudes and tropical), with four stations on each zone. We used an automated processing based on the Bernese GNSS Software Version 5.2 by applying the Precise Point Positioning(PPP)approach, L3 Ionosphere-free linear combination, 7 cutoff elevation angle and 2 h sampling. We noticed an excellent agreement with the ZTD estimates and coordinate repeatability for all the stations w.r.t to CODE(the Center for Orbit Determination in Europe) and USNO(US Naval Observatory) products, except for the Antarctic station(Davis) which shows systematic biases for the GMF related results. As a final step, we investigated the effect of using two mapping functions(VMF1 and GMF) to estimate the IPWV,w.r.t the IPWV estimates provided by the Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive(IGRA). The GPS-derived IPWV estimates are very close to the radiosonde-derived IPWV estimates, except for one station in the tropics(Tahiti).
文摘精密单点定位(precise point positioning, PPP)反演大气可降水量(precipitable water vapor, PWV)具有精度高、实时性强等优点,能够在灾害监测、降雨预报及探测降水信息等方面发挥重要作用。为评估整周模糊度固定模式下PPP-AR(PPP ambiguity resolution)反演PWV的性能,选取全球范围16个MGEX站2022年4个时段的观测数据,采用最终精密星历解算,设置不同星座组合(GPS,BDS-3,GPS+BDS-3,GPS+GLO+GAL+BDS-3)获取对流层延迟(zenith total delay, ZTD)估值,并转换为PWV。从PPP-ZTD与IGS-ZTD的相关性、PPP-ZTD收敛时间、ZTD估值精度和PPP-PWV估值精度4个方面评价多模PPP-AR探测水汽的性能。结果表明,与单(G、C)、双系统(GC)固定解相比,多系统(GREC)固定解获取ZTD估值更加精确,相关系数更高。相较于单、双系统,多系统具有更快的收敛速度,收敛时间分别缩短了27%,25%和20%,多系统固定解与浮点解相比收敛时间缩短11%。此外,对GNSS PPP反演的PWV与探空站PWV(RS-PWV)进行对比,结果表明,WUH2站与HOB2站单、双、多系统固定解、多系统浮点解(float-GREC)的平均均方根误差分别为6.40 mm, 6.48 mm, 6.19 mm, 6.17 mm, 6.19 mm和5.82 mm, 5.77 mm, 5.72 mm, 5.62 mm, 5.70 mm。多模下得到的PWV估值精度最高,可为高精度的水汽反演提供支持。
