A system-integrated approach for the design of tourist areas at the local level under changing conditions:A case study in the Altay Mountains

The existing approaches for the design of tourist areas often lead to limited flexibility in project implementation.To realize a more flexible approach,in this study,we formulated a model for planning and designing tourist areas at the local level.Moreover,specific tools for analyzing tourist areas and ensuring sustainable development under changing conditions were developed.This study was conducted in two tourist regions,Biryuzovaya Katun tourist complex and Belokurikha destination(including Belokurikha City with Belokurikha 2 Gornaya tourist complex and surrounding areas),in the Altay Mountains.We employed the recreation opportunity spectrum and proposed a system-integrated programming approach for the design of tourist areas at the destination and site levels.The key of this approach was the collection and analysis of current spatial data,including the spatial distribution of attractions and visitor flows.We constructed heat maps using video recording and unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)observation data.Moreover,we analyzed the video stream using an image-analyzing framework You Only Look Once(YOLO)v5 software.The heat map of visitor flows based on video recording data in the Andreevskaya Sloboda museum of Belokurikha 2 Gornaya tourist complex allowed us to highlight the most attractive sites in this area and classify them into one of three types:points of functional concentration,points of transitional concentration,and points of attractions.The heat maps in Biryuzovaya Katun tourist complex,created using UAV observation data,allowed us to determine the spatiotemporal patterns of visitor flows and tourists’preferences throughout the day within four time intervals:09:00-12:00,13:00-14:00,14:00-15:00,and 16:00-18:00(LST).The maximum visitor flow density occurred from 16:00 to 18:00 in the beach area of the artificial lake.A comparison between the visitor-concentrated sites and the current facilities provided insights into the demand for attractions and facilities and the lacking areas.Heat maps are useful in analyzing the land use at the site level,while zoning based on the recreation opportunity spectrum can be used to design tourist areas at the destination level.The proposed methods for analyzing the use of tourist areas contribute to the development of adaptive tourism design.

How Sense of Ritual in Tourism Impacts Tourists’Co-Creation of Tourism Experience Values:A Study Based on the Theory of Value Co-Creation

Establishing a sense of ritual within tourism consumption scenarios offers tourists the opportunity for interactive engagement.Drawing upon the value co-creation theory,this study constructed an influence mechanism model to examine tourists'active engagement in the process of co-creating tourism experience values.It employed Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling(PLS-SEM)to empirically test the proposed hypotheses.The findings demonstrate that the model constructed in the present study exhibits robust reliability,validity,and explanatory power.The perception of the sense of ritual in tourism exerts a significant positive influence on tourists’co-creation of tourism experience values,thereby significantly enhancing both the communitas and flow experienced by tourists during their travels.Moreover,such communitas and flow can mediate the influence of the sense of ritual in tourism on tourists’co-creation of tourism experience values.This study contributes to advancing the current research on tourists’co-creation of tourism experience values and the sense of ritual in tourism,thereby providing theoretical foundations for cultivating a sense of ritual within tourism consumption scenarios.

Investigating the tourism image of mountain scenic spots in China through the lens of tourist perception

A favorable tourism image of high-quality mountain scenic spots(HQMSS)is crucial for tourism prosperity and sustainability.This paper establishes a framework for investigating the tourism image based on cognitive-emotion theory and uses natural language processing(NLP)tools to clarify the cognition,emotion,and overall tourist image of the HQMSS in China from the perspective of tourist perception.This paper examines the multi-dimensional spatial differentiation of China's overall image,including province,scenic spot scales,as well as the spatial pattern of the overall comprehensive tourism image.Strategies for comprehensively improving HQMSS's tourism image are also formulated.The results show that:(1)The cognitive image of Chinese HQMSS is categorized into core and marginal images,and the core images such as scenery and cable car are the expression of the uniqueness of mountainous scenic spots.Additionally,the cognitive image is classified into six dimensions:tourism environment,tourism supporting facilities,tourism experience,tourism price,tourism service,and tourism safety.(2)Positive emotions are the dominant mood type of HQMSS in China,followed by neutral emotions,with negative emotions being the least frequent.Emotional images vary across dimensions,with tourism environment and tourism experience evoking relatively higher emotion.(3)The spatial pattern of HQMSS for each dimension at the national,provincial,and scenic scales is diversifying.This article provides a multidimensional perspective for investigating the tourism image of mountainous scenic spots,proposes targeted recommendations to improve the overall image of HQMSS in China,and can greatly contribute to the sustainable development of mountain tourism.

Development of Yimeng Red Tourism Resources from the Perspective of Tourist Perception

In this paper,the connotation of red tourism is explained from a new perspective firstly.On the basis of summarizing and evaluating the red tourism resources in Yimeng,combined with the current development status of red tourism in Yimeng region,based on the subjective evaluation of tourists on the development of red tourism in Yimeng region,several targeted suggestions for the development of red tourism in Yimeng are proposed.

The Mediating Effect of Social Media on the Relationship Between Travel Preference and Tourist Behavior of Local Tourists in Davao City

This paper aims to determine the mediating effect of social media on the relationship between travel behavior and tourist preference.This paper utilized the mediation analysis design to determine whether social media significantly affects the independent and dependent variables.For the statistical tools,the proponents of the study utilized descriptive statistics,Sobel’s test,mean and standard deviation.Also,the proponents of the study utilized data from questionnaires gathered through an online google form.Most of the respondents are single females,college-level,and use Facebook most of the time.Therefore,this is the social media platform that the majority utilize.It has been revealed in the study the three sets of correlated variables:Travel behavior vs.tourist behavior,travel preference vs.social media,and social media vs.tourist behavior,have a strong positive linear relationship between the two quantitative variables.Thus,the study proponents concluded that there is an indirect effect between the travel preference and tourist behavior of local tourists in Davao City via social media.Lastly,the study’s findings reveal the fundamentals of how visitors make decisions,which are essential for enhancing the competitive advantages of cultural destinations.Significant findings from the study are beneficial to the growth of cultural tourism in Davao City.

The Impact of Destination Image on Tourist Willingness to Revisit:A Case Study of Nanning Garden Expo

The researcher aims to examine the impact of destination image of Nanning Garden Expo on tourist willingness to revisit.In this study,Nanning Garden Expo,a famous comprehensive park in Nanning,Guangxi,is selected as the research object.Based on previous literature and theories,the author analyzes and explores the relationship between the destination image of Nanning Garden Expo and tourist willingness to revisit.The research tool is questionnaire and the sample size of the survey data is calculated by Cochrane formula,and the data collection volume is 385.The statistics used in the data analysis are descriptive statistics including frequency distribution,percentage,mean,standard deviation,and inferential statistic for testing hypothesis.The researcher applies multiple regression analysis models to examine which independent variables have strong or weak relationships with dependent variables.Hypothesis test indicates that destination image has a significant positive impact on tourist willingness to revisit.Based on the results of the empirical study,relevant suggestions are proposed for how to enhance tourist willingness to revisit for Nanning Garden Expo and promote the healthy and sustainable development of tourism.

Tourists’Willingness to Pay for Recreation Services in Nyerere National Park,Tanzania:Are We Overvaluing or Undervaluing Our Nature Recreation Resources?

This study estimated tourists’Willingness to Pay(WTP)per day for recreation services in Nyerere National Park(NNP)and compared these values with daily travel costs that are incurred by tourists to visit NNP in order to inform whether recreation resources in the park are overvalued or undervalued.The study revealed that tourists’WTP per day for recreation services was estimated at$237.4 and$1521 for resident and non-resident tourists,respectively.The estimated tourists’WTP values exceed the daily travel costs currently incurred by tourists,which are$201.04 and$1517.97 for resident and non-resident tourists,respectively.This indicates that tourists are willing to spend more to enjoy recreation services in NNP,which signifies that recreation resources in NNP are slightly undervalued.In addi­tion,the findings disclosed that the largest share of tourist daily travel expenses is allocated to transportation services,and very little is paid to the park as a conservation fee.It was revealed that out of the daily travel expenses incurred by non-resident and resident tourists,only 4.62%and 2.23%are respectively paid directly to NNP as conservation fees.This study considers that allocation is not very fair;thus,NNP,in collaboration with TANAPA,needs to adjust the current entrance or conservation fee and reduce the transportation costs charged by tourist companies.The travel costs incurred by tourists,age,education,monthly income,site visited,substitute site,and quality of park were identified as significant factors in influencing tourists’WTP for recreation services in NNP.Thus,policies oriented to reduce tour­ists’transportation costs and improve the quality of national parks would attract more tourists to NNP.

Return of Chinese Tourists

South Africa on 29 March received the first group of 13 tourists from China over the past three years.The tourists,taking a flight from Air China,landed at O.R.Tambo International Airport in Johannesburg and were welcomed by people from different walks of life.

从“媒体出圈”到“价值共创”:非传统旅游城市目的地品牌生态圈塑造研究

社交媒体平台的兴起催生了“网红打卡”式新兴旅游方式,带火了一批“网红城市”。对于知名度低、传统旅游吸引物匮乏的非传统旅游城市来说,媒体“出圈”容易,却难以形成持续稳定的目的地品牌形象。基于品牌生态圈理论,通过梳理“淄博烧烤”现象的关键事件,探索从单一网红要素到目的地品牌生态圈塑造的经验模式。研究发现,非传统旅游城市品牌生态圈塑造分四个阶段:聚焦“有效治理”的品牌生态圈前期阶段、聚焦“核心IP打造”的品牌核心圈塑造阶段、聚焦“价值共创”的品牌生态圈初步形成阶段和聚焦“适应性演化能力”的城市品牌生态圈可持续发展阶段,不同阶段分别受市场契合性、感官真实性、互动参与性、多主体联动性和情感体验性因素驱动。本研究为非传统旅游城市打造从媒体出圈到目的地品牌可持续发展模式提供了有益借鉴及参考。

基于游客满意度分析的甘肃省乡村民宿发展策略研究

当前甘肃省乡村民宿产业正从浅层“农家乐”消遣型向深度乡村旅居度假和文化体验型转变,在此背景下,文章以甘肃省乡村民宿游客需求为导向,构建了“服务质量、安全管理、环境卫生、文化体验”四个维度的满意度评价指标体系,通过问卷调研获取研究数据,借助SPSS软件对甘肃省乡村民宿游客满意度进行评价分析,基于游客满意度指标提出了甘肃省乡村民宿存在服务质量整体偏低、安全保障相对不足、卫生标准不够完善、文化品位参差不齐4个方面的问题,相应地给出了以游客满意度为中心,提升服务质量、做好基础设施建设,加强民宿安全管理、规范环境卫生标准,走绿色可持续发展道路、构建民宿文化氛围,凸显地域乡土特色4条解决路径。

建党百年文化视域下的新疆红色旅游融合研究

本文选取网络文本数据,以入选“建党百年红色旅游百条精品线路”的新疆21个景区为例,对比分析景区的红色旅游体验文本和红色文化传播文本,了解建党百年文化视域下新疆红色旅游和红色文化的融合发展情况。研究结果表明,在新疆红色旅游中,游客对红色文化载体的感知最为强烈,能够对红色文化产生一定认同感,红色旅游的教育功能较为显著;同时,游客在游览过程中的积极情绪有利于其产生幸福感。今后可进一步推动新疆“红色文化+”融合发展,借助现代科学技术提升红色文化融入度,加强红色文化产品创意设计和品牌打造,并借助营销不断扩大红色文化影响力,更好地传承红色文化,推动新疆红色旅游健康、快速发展。

旅游者风险感知对目的地信任影响研究——政府信任的中介作用

旅游者风险感知与信任密切相关,各种风险所带来的不确定性会改变社会互动并造成信任危机,而旅游者目的地信任是影响旅游者满意度与忠诚度的重要因素。以安东尼·吉登斯关于风险感知和信任的论述为理论依据建立分析框架,通过网络问卷对326名风险经历者进行调查,并以政府信任为中介变量,以风险沟通、应急处置为调节变量,重点探讨了公共卫生事件情境下旅游者风险感知对其目的地信任的作用机制与效应。结果显示:风险感知对旅游者政府信任具有显著负向影响,而风险感知对旅游者目的地信任无显著影响;政府信任对旅游者目的地信任具有显著正向影响;风险沟通在风险感知与政府信任中不存在调节作用,应急处置在风险感知与政府信任中存在调节作用。

基于游客视角的旅游促进“三交”机理研究

旅游提供了各民族接触、了解、互动的场域,但其如何促进“三交”的内在机理还未明确。基于认知-情感-意动理论,从游客视角探索旅游促进“三交”的机理,发现:游客旅游体验、旅游满意度、旅游认同、“三交”行为具象共同构成了旅游促进“三交”的机制模型,其中,旅游满意度、旅游认同(中华民族共同体认同、地方认同)在这其中起链式中介作用。旅游促进“三交”中要平衡营利性与公益性、融合性的关系,协调求异性与共同性、统一性的关系,统筹推进体验性与互嵌性。基于游客视角,可以从拓展旅游时空、提升游客体验、强化国家感知等方面来铸牢中华民族共同体意识。

基于机器学习的历史文化街区游客感知多维度评价研究——以西安市北院门历史文化街区为例

旅游开发是历史文化街区活化利用的重要途径。游客的认知兴趣能够如实反映历史文化街区的价值传递与文化传承效果,引导具有文化价值的旅游资源发展方向。为优化文化场所营造、提高文化服务水平,游客感知逐渐成为判断历史文化街区保护利用工作实际进展效果的重要依据。本文选取西安市北院门历史文化街区为研究对象,运用机器学习中的LDA主题模型,从更关注历史内涵与文化价值传递的视角,探讨历史文化街区游客感知的多维度评价方法。研究发现:北院门历史文化街区的游客感知总体呈现高度不均衡的特征,“民族特色美食街”的感知形象占据主导地位;游客感知维度按旅游吸引力强度依次为消费体验、地方美食、景观建筑、环境氛围、生活记忆和非遗文化,消费体验与地方美食维度高度绑定,且对其他维度的带动作用极为有限;不同游客感知维度评价差异显著,消费体验和景观建筑维度关注度较高、满意度相对较低,历史文化传递效果欠佳,非遗文化和生活记忆维度满意度较高、关注度相对较低,保护挖潜力度不足。研究结果能有效反映北院门街区对游客的历史文化传递效果,对历史文化街区实现文化传承与旅游资源利用的双重目标具有重要意义。

环青海湖骑行游客情感动态性的特征与发生机制

运用混合研究方法,以环青海湖骑行为例,揭示骑行游客情感动态性的特征,并基于地方理论和景观感知理论构建“区位-场所-情感”三维分析框架,识别情感动态性的发生机制。研究发现:①强度方面,与消极情感相比,游客积极情感的可变性及不稳定性的数值更高、数值区间更大,表明积极情感强度的波动程度更明显,游客之间的波动程度的差异性也更大。②多样性方面,游客消极情感多样性的变化最为明显,消极情感体验在骑行出发时最复杂,积极情感体验则在旅途结束时最复杂。③骑行所经之地独特的区位特质为游客提供了跨地方的差异化体验,场所特质则提供了具体的地方展演和体验方式。两者共同作用,不断引发骑行游客产生积极、消极情感,发生强度及类型上的变化,并在时空变换下将冰冷的道路空间转换为蕴含着丰富多变的人类情感的特殊地方。

文旅融合下胶东花饽饽地方特色产品包装设计

本文探究文旅融合背景下地方特色产品包装设计的影响与解决方法,通过追溯胶东花饽饽的发展历史以及分析其包装设计现状,结合地域文化对胶东花饽饽产品包装进行再设计,从地域文化和花饽饽产品本身发掘可利用、可借鉴的个性元素,融入到地方特色产品包装创新设计之中,创新“胶东花饽”品牌,促进产品良性发展。

山地旅游景区落石灾害风险评估—以浙江三门县蛇蟠岛景区为例

以浙江省三门县蛇蟠岛景区为研究背景,通过现场勘察与数值分析等手段,全面分析了山地旅游景区落石灾害的影响因素,基于RHRS风险评分方法建立了山地旅游景区落石灾害风险评估体系。研究结果表明:古洞室群围岩的严重扰动、岩石的风化作用、相邻洞室公共墙体的凿去为落石的三个主要影响因素;基于RHRS风险评分方法将落石灾害风险划分为5个等级,并在此基础上建立了山地旅游景区落石灾害风险评估体系;工程实践表明,建立的山地旅游景区落石灾害风险评估体系分析结果可靠,该评价体系可为落石灾害的发生提供预警及治理提供依据。

乡村旅游地社会-生态系统恢复力演化差异及影响机理——基于长三角核心-边缘区比较实证

基于适应性循环理论和核心-边缘理论,利用集对分析法、向量自回归、系统动力学仿真等多元集成方法,对比分析核心-边缘区乡村旅游地社会-生态系统恢复力演化机理和路径差异。研究发现:①旅游业能够推动核心-边缘区乡村旅游地恢复力一体化均衡发展,恢复力差距呈逐渐缩小趋势。②核心-边缘区乡村旅游地恢复力系统内部复杂交互、协同有序发展。社会、经济和生态子系统互为非线性动态因果关系,在此非线性复杂自组织力作用下子系统之间的耦合协调度呈良好发展趋势。③通过复杂系统多情景模拟,核心区乡村旅游地发展路径以协调发展型或生态保护型为主,边缘区以旅游优先型为主。④驱动核心-边缘区乡村旅游地恢复力演化的要素系统具有差异性。在系统层面,生态系统对核心区影响程度最高,社会系统对边缘区的影响程度最高;在因素层面,生态因素是影响核心-边缘区乡村旅游地的共同要素,核心区能够通过生态修复提升生态韧性,边缘区能够利用生态优势转化为发展优势,进而均能显著提升乡村旅游地恢复力。

旅游虚拟社区用户心流体验对价值共创的影响研究

旅游虚拟社区是用户实现分享旅游经历、获取旅游资讯和寻找出游同伴等功能的重要平台,也是企业实现精准营销的重要手段。企业和用户在虚拟社区共同投入、共同产出价值的过程称为价值共创。心流体验作为完全投入和集中注意力的积极心理状态,会影响用户与企业的契合程度,进而影响企业与用户之间的价值共创。文章通过对旅游虚拟社区用户数据进行采集与实证分析,揭示了用户心流体验对价值共创的影响机制。结果表明:内部动机和外部动机对用户产生的积极心理状态有显著正向影响;用户的积极心理状态及其与企业的契合程度对价值共创均有积极影响,且顾客与企业的契合程度在心流体验和价值共创过程中起部分中介作用。据此,文章提出了旅游虚拟社区企业可以通过提升用户参与动机,激发用户积极心理状态,强化顾客与企业之间密切关系,推动价值共创持续发展,实现引流交易和精准营销等管理启示。

游客满意度评测模型优化实证研究

准确评价游客满意度影响因素与游客满意度之间的关系有助于深入了解游客需求,进而提升旅游服务水平。分析两者关系的常用方法是构建游客感知价值与游客满意度结构方程模型,从而得到各因素对游客满意度的影响路径和影响程度。由于不同类型游客感知价值差异比较明显,因此,将游客感知价值作为一个整体来分析游客满意度影响因素不够准确。为此,文章提出采用游客感知收益来分析游客满意度影响因素和影响路径,并采用结构方程模型进行实证分析得到:基于游客感知收益与游客满意度模型的结构更稳定,优于传统的游客感知价值与游客满意度模型。该结论有助于进一步提高游客满意度影响因素评测的准确性。