The Mediating Effect of Social Media on the Relationship Between Travel Preference and Tourist Behavior of Local Tourists in Davao City

This paper aims to determine the mediating effect of social media on the relationship between travel behavior and tourist preference.This paper utilized the mediation analysis design to determine whether social media significantly affects the independent and dependent variables.For the statistical tools,the proponents of the study utilized descriptive statistics,Sobel’s test,mean and standard deviation.Also,the proponents of the study utilized data from questionnaires gathered through an online google form.Most of the respondents are single females,college-level,and use Facebook most of the time.Therefore,this is the social media platform that the majority utilize.It has been revealed in the study the three sets of correlated variables:Travel behavior vs.tourist behavior,travel preference vs.social media,and social media vs.tourist behavior,have a strong positive linear relationship between the two quantitative variables.Thus,the study proponents concluded that there is an indirect effect between the travel preference and tourist behavior of local tourists in Davao City via social media.Lastly,the study’s findings reveal the fundamentals of how visitors make decisions,which are essential for enhancing the competitive advantages of cultural destinations.Significant findings from the study are beneficial to the growth of cultural tourism in Davao City.

Analysis on inbound tourists' satisfaction in China: an empirical study based on the investigation of 5 cities

In China, the tourism industry is regarded as one means of fostering local economic development. This paper tries to examine inbound tourism development in China in the last decade and analyze inbound tourism's satisfaction of their travel experience with tourist attractions, facilities, services and price by an empirical study based on the investigation of Lanzhou, Wuhan, Guangzhou, Shanghai and Beijing. This paper discusses the demographic characteristics of visitors from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, US, Korea and Japan by surveying a sample of 528 visitors in fi ve different cities. The survey showed that four provinces/autonomous region in western China ranked the top 10 popular destinations. Chinese natural landscape, culture and food were highly regarded by the tourists. At the same time, tourists expressed less satisfaction with tourist language convenience, tourist facility and nightlife in China. It was also found that only 7.4% of the tourists thought travel in China was far more than what they had paid, that 6.5% regarded they got what they paid for, and that 34.9% thought the travel cost was reasonable. Most tourists were satisfi ed with their travel experience in China; many of them would like to return to China and would like to recommend China. For the sustainable development of tourism, Chinese tourism authorities should strengthen the construction, propaganda and management of scenic spots, improve tourist facility and tourist education, especially language convenience, and strengthen the supervision of tickets, souvenir and hotel price.

Tourist Satisfaction with Urban Parks: A Case Study of Memorial Archway Park in Zhaoqing

With the acceleration of urbanization, urban parks have also developed as an important part of the urbanization. Urban parks are not only important green space for beautifying the urban environment, but become the space for urban residents to stroll about, playing an important role in improving people's quality of life. In order to improve the service efficiency of urban parks, the urban parks were studied from the perspective of the satisfaction of tourists. In this paper, Memorial Archway Park in Zhaoqing was selected for research, factors influencing tourist satisfaction with urban parks were evaluated from six aspects, namely landscape quality, infrastructure, recreation facilities, recreational environment, service level, and accessibility, the problems that caused the tourists to be dissatisfied with the urban park were summarized, and corresponding countermeasures were proposed.

Correlating Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty:The Case of International Tourists in Cretan Resort Hotels

Customer satisfaction and customer loyalty are considered as a confirmation of remarkable service provision towards the customers.The formation of both constructs is viewed as a vital element which leads to the reinforcement of competitive advantage for the hotels.Various academic viewpoints are available concerning the constructs of customer satisfaction and loyalty;nevertheless,most of them indicate an opposition towards their correlation.The aim of this research was to investigate the factors that reinforce the satisfaction and loyalty levels of resort tourists and identify whether or not the two constructs are interrelated.A quantitative research methodology was applied,with the use of close-ended paper questionnaires,which were administered to international tourists staying in resort hotels in the Municipality of Hersonissos,one of the most popular tourist destinations in northern Crete.Findings confirmed a positive correlation between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty.Data also showed that food and beverage quality,location and price are considered as the most significant factors that enhance satisfaction levels,whereas emotional experiences,loyalty programs,customer service quality,and customer satisfaction were identified to have a significant impact on the formation of customer loyalty.

Tourist Behaviors in Wetland Park:A Preliminary Study in Xixi National Wetland Park,Hangzhou,China

Public education as well as tourism and leisure are the two important functions of national wetland park, and tourist behaviors act as the guiding factor in the national wetland park construction and management.As the first national wetland park in China, Xixi National Wetland Park, located in Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, will give constructive instructions to the construction and management of other wetland parks and ecotourism resorts.This paper analyzed the tourist behaviors in Xixi National Wetland Park.By the observation, in-depth interview and questionnaire, the results show that tourists in wetland parks are different from those in the other common destinations, and they are also different from those strict eco-tourists.In fact, the tourists in wetland park have unique characteristics, such as the intense perception to the functions of wetland ecosystem and the environment impact behaviors.Those tourists are preferred to natural landscapes in their motivations and expectations.Wetland landscapes are the main image to those tourists in the Xixi National Wetland Park.Tourist expectation, experience and satisfaction are all critical factors for the success of the planning and management in national wetland parks.Based on the results, some measures for the sustainable development of wetland parks, including to optimize wetland theme landscape and tourism products, to improve tourist facilities and services, to enhance quality of visitor experiences, and to implement total quality management based on tourist characteristics, are given to national wetland park ecotourism.

The Impact of the Cognition of Landscape Experience on Tourist Environmental Conservation Behaviors

This article explores the relationship between the tourist's cognition of the landscape experience and the environmental conservation efforts at three distinct tourist sites in mountains of southwestern China. A total of 1500 on-site questionnaire surveys were distributed and 1142 valid questionnaires were used for statistical analysis. Results from multi-group path analysis showed that both cognition of the cultural landscape experience and cognition of the natural landscape experience had positive impacts on environmental conservation behaviors and behavior intentions of tourists. Results from comparative analysis among the three tourist sites indicated that cognition of the cultural landscape experience had a stronger power to predict senior environmental conservation behaviors and behavior intentions than cognition of the natural landscape experience, whereas cognition of the natural landscape experience had more power to predict general environmental conservation behaviors and behavior intentions than cognition of the cultural landscape experience. Furthermore, our findings benefit environmental management and sustainabilityat tourist sites.

Analysis on Behavior Characteristics of Tourists under Perspective of Sustainable Development of Tourism Destinations: A Case Study of Mugecuo Scenic Area in Kangding City of Sichuan Province

Tourists are the subject of tourism activity,and it is conducive to promoting sustainable development of tourism destination by studying their behavior characteristics and tourism perception.Mugecuo Scenic Area in Kangding City,Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Sichuan Province is taken as research case,and visitors and managers in the scenic area are surveyed by using semi-structured interview method.Based on survey data,the research aims to put forward corresponding policy suggestions for sustainable development of Mugecuo Scenic Area by deeply analyzing tourists’ access to information of scenic area,tourists’ travel purpose,tourists’ satisfaction with services of scenic area and willingness to revisit.

Tourist behavior patterns in the ecotourism destination in the west of China: A case study of Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture

This study takes Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture as the place of case study and tourists as research objects. From the perspectives of geographical distribution of source tourist markets, Tourist activity behavioral and spatial patterns of Tourists, this study looks into the geographical structure of the source tourists and spatial patterns by geography. The analysis of 341 questionnaires on tourists shows that:(1) The tourism cycle of Gannan is in the development phase, competing with adjacent Aba, and greatly impacted by the substitution effect and shadow effect of Aba.(2) The spatial distribution of tourist sources is concentrated, indicating that Gannan is a regional tourism destination. The temporal distance of tourists is mainly concentrated within the 6-hour traffi c circle.(3) Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture has already become the composite tourist destination dominated by leisure vacation. The minority folkcustom and special landscape are the most attractive tourism resources. Due to the impact of man-land harmonious lifestyle in the tourist areas, the environmental attitude of tourists is improved, and the transportation and shopping are the most vulnerable links in tourism service in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.(4) The spatial behavior of tourists in Gannan is mainly of single-destination style(52%), Transit leg and circle tour style(7%) as well as circle tour style(41%). The spatial distribution of tourist fl ow in Gannan shows a signifi cant feature "more in the north, less in the south and dependent on National Road". Tourism resources, transport facilities, regional competition and lack of route connecting different ecological units are important causes of the spatial distribution of self-help tourists.

Analysis of Influencing Factors Tourists1 Purchase Decision-making Behavior in Kunming

Based on the theory of consumer behavior,this paper analyzes the current situation of tourism shopping market in Kunming,and analyzes the decision-making behavior of tourists shopping in Kunming with the questionnaire survey,and clarifies the influencing factors of the decision-making behavior of visitors to Kunming.In the future,the influencing factors of Kunming tourists'shopping decision-making behavior are combined with the current situation of Kunming's tourism shopping market.The problems of cheating-induced shopping,the high price of shopping products,the low level of tourism shopping experience and the imperfect after-sales service are analyzed.Finally,the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are proposed from four aspects:rectifying the tourism shopping market,establishing a sound price supervision mechanism,strengthening the tourism shopping experience,and improving after-sales service.

A Study on the Path Mechanism of Para-social Interaction and Place Attachment on Film-Induced Tourists’Behavioral Intention

Under the influence of celebrity effect and para-social interaction,film is increasingly able to induce viewers’willingness to travel.Based on the theory of para-social interaction and the factors of place attachment,this study constructs a model of the influence mechanism of film-induced tourists’behavioral intention and puts relevant hypotheses.Taking the film A Little Red Flower as an example,the empirical test is carried out by using structural equation model(SEM).The results show that:(1)Film-induced tourists’emotional involvement has a significant positive impact on tourism behavioral involvement,but has no direct and significant impact on place dependence and place identity.(2)Film-induced tourists’behavioral involvement has a significant positive impact on place dependence and place identity.(3)Both place dependence and place identity of film-induced tourists have significant positive impact on tourism behavioral intention.Therefore,film tourism destinations should show the unique local conditions and customs according to the preference of fans and audiences,with the help of the popularity of film,so as to improve their tourism behavior intention.

Travel Motivation of Domestic Tourists to the Changbai Mountain Biosphere Reserve in Northeastern China: A Comparative Study

This article seeks to develop a fuller understanding of the social and attraction motives of domestic tourists who visit the Changbai Mountain Biosphere Reserve(CMBR) in Northeastern China. To do so, ecotourists are compared to general travelers visiting this area. A questionnaire was employed to collect data on visitor characteristics and motivations, responses to which were then analyzed via descriptive statistics, T-tests and principal component factor analysis. Results showed that 16% of the visitors to this area were classified as ecotourists, while the remainder general travelers. Five motivations displayed significant differences(P<0.05) between these two types of tourists. Three social motives – boosting self-confidence, feeling at home away from home and being together with family – and two attraction motives – indoor sports and viewing unique landscapes of the CMBR(crater lake, waterfall, gorge and hot spring) – were significantly more important for general travelers(P<0.05); while two social motives of experiencing the tranquility of the natural setting and the natural beauty of the landscape were relatively more important for ecotourists(P<0.1). Results suggest that ecotourists have distinct and complicated attraction and social motives compared to general travelers visiting the CMBR. Results have useful implications for researchers interested in tourist motivations and behavior, as well as for managers who wish to focus their marketing strategies more effectively. National Park of South Africa. Uysal et al.(1994) assessed the travel motives of Australian tourists to U.S. national parks and nature areas and formed five groupings including ‘relaxation/hobbies', ‘novelty', ‘enhancement of kinship relationship', ‘escape', and ‘prestige'. Tao et al.(2004) analyzed motivations of Asian tourists travelling to Taiwan's Taroko National Park using a self-defined approach and found that the most significant benefits sought by self-defined ecotourists are ‘learning about nature' and ‘participating in recreation activities'. Beh and Bruyere(2007) analyzed visitor motivations in three Kenyan national reserves, identifying the three most prominent kinds of tourists as escapers, learners and spiritualists. Pan and Ryan(2007) used factor analysis to reveal five motivational dimensions –‘relaxation', ‘social needs', ‘a sense of belonging', ‘mastery skills', and ‘intellectual needs' – of visitors to the Pirongia Forest Park in New Zealand. Kruger and Saayman(2010) did a comparative study on travel motivations of tourists to Kruger and Tsitsikamma National Parks in South Africa and found that common motives of tourists were ‘escape and relaxation' as well as ‘knowledge seeking', ‘nostalgia' and ‘park attributes'. Despite these efforts, on an overall basis past literature on why visitors travel to national parks and nature areas is still rather limited. In China, a number of empirical studies on tourist motivations have been conducted since the early 1990s(Chen and Miao 2006; Dong 2011; Huang et al. 2011; Jeffrey and Xie 1994; Lu 1997; Ma et al. 2013; Zhang 2012). Some studies have focused on motivations of visitors to nature reserves(Li 2007), geological parks(Chen and Qiao 2010), world heritage sites(Su et al. 2005), and seismic memorial sites(Tang 2014). However, most previous research findings on tourist motivations are not comparable, reflecting the fact that visitors to different parks have quite different motives due to the attributes of particular destinations, the geographic locations of these parks, types of available activities, marketing strategies, and the complexity of travel motives(Chen and Qiao 2010; Pan and Ryan 2007). While it is true that certain motivations were shared in varying degrees by most tourists to these places – i.e., ‘appreciating natural landscapes', ‘family and education', ‘social needs', and ‘perceived prestige of visit' – most previous research has not focused on natural settings as destinations. Thus travel motivations of tourists to these areas must be further explored and clarified in relation to impacts on particular natural areas and patterns of market segmentation. As one of the earliest and largest natural reserves established in China, the Changbai Mountain Biosphere Reserve(CMBR) has long been a draw not only for domestic tourists but also for international visitors, and tourism to the area has been growing steadily since 1980. With the number of visitors to the reserve having climbed to 2.44 million in 2010(Statistical Communiqué of the Changbai Mountain Protection and Development Zone of Jilin Province 2011), it has become imperative for local government officials and reserve wardens to understand tourists' desires and interests when identifying tourism development opportunities. However, the existing literature still suffers from a lack of empirical studies that investigate why people travel to the CMBR and whether tourist motives differ between groups such as ecotourists and general travelers. The target population for this study consists of domestic visitors to the CMBR. The goals of this research include:(1) to identify the social and attraction motives of domestic tourists that influence decisions to visit the CMBR;(2) to explore whether there are any differences between the motivations of these two types of tourists; and(3) to provide some useful management implications for local government and tourism marketers.

Linked Data Based Framework for Tourism Decision Support System: Case Study of Chinese Tourists in Switzerland

Switzerland is one of the most desirable European destinations for Chinese tourists;therefore, a better understanding of Chinese tourists is essential for successful business practices. In China, the largest and leading social media platform—Sina Weibo, a hybrid of Twitter and Facebook—has more than 600 million users. Weibo’s great market penetration suggests that tourism operators and markets need to understand how to build effective and sustainable communications on Chinese social media platforms. In order to offer a better decision support platform to tourism destination managers as well as Chinese tourists, we proposed a framework using linked data on Sina Weibo. Linked Data is a term referring to using the Internet to connect related data. We will show how it can be used and how ontology can be designed to include the users’ context (e.g., GPS locations). Our framework will provide a good theoretical foundation for further understand Chinese tourists’ expectation, experiences, behaviors and new trends in Switzerland.

Wine Tourism in Santorini, Crete:Exploring the Behaviour, Motives, and Intentions of Wine Tourists

Wine tourism is a fast growing sector,with an estimated 30%growth in 2018 and has emerged as a strong and rising area of special interest tourism,representing an increasingly important element of regional and rural tourism development.In Greece wine has played an important role since ancient times,as it was an integral part of nutrition and religion,and by 800BC,Greeks had begun to perfect their techniques in winemaking.Wine tourism in our days,constitutes a factor for attracting visitors from all over the world.The present paper is an effort to explore and investigate the factors that affect the behavior of wine tourists in the island of Santorini,shaping their motives and intentions.More specifically,the aim of this paper is to explore the motivating factors that influence winery visitation,wine tourists’level of satisfaction,interest and knowledge on wine,as well as their demographic characteristics.The methodological approach was based on quantitative research;more specifically a survey was conducted with the use of structured questionnaires.Results showed that the most popular activity for wine tourists visiting Santorini wineries was wine tasting and the main motives influencing the decision for winery visitation involved wine tasting and experiencing the atmosphere of the winery.This research also showed that the most important factors contributing to wine tourist’s satisfaction concerned the attitude,professionalism and knowledge of winery staff,as well as service quality.

Tourists' Demand for Heritage Utilization Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation:A Case Study of the Summer Palace

Under the background of whole-region tourism,heritage is utilized in a more diversified and various way.With the continuous deepening of the experience economy,the integration of various technical means such as VR and AR,and the construction of Internet platforms,it is more necessary to integrate various utilization methods,so that tourists can get more humanized and personalized experience in addition to traditional displays,and more intuitively feel the space,history,allusions,handicrafts and other aspects of Chinese heritage,showing the charm of Chinese traditional culture.In this paper,based on literature analysis,the utilization methods of heritage were sorted out,and the survey questionnaires were analyzed by analytic hierarchy process (AHP).A model was established to obtain the weight of various utilization methods,and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to conduct empirical research with the Summer Palace as an example.It is concluded that in the future utilization of heritage,on the basis of heritage protection as much as possible,combining traditional festivals,special themes,etc.to carry out various forms of activity and experience utilization will more effectively improve the satisfaction of tourists and achieve the purpose of inheriting culture.

Extension of Goal-Directed Behavior Model for Post-Pandemic Korean Travel Intentions to Alternative Local Destinations: Perceived Risk and Knowledge

Since the outbreak of COVID-19,tourists have been increasingly concerned over various risks of international travel,while knowledge of the pandemic appears to vary significantly.In addition,as travel restrictions continue to impact adversely on international tourism,tourism efforts should be placed more on the domestic markets.Via structural equation modeling,this study unearthed different risk factors impacting Korean travelers’choices of alternative local destinations in the post-pandemic era.In addition,this study extended the goal-directed behavior framework with the acquisition of perceived risk and knowledge of COVID-19,which was proven to hold a sig-nificantly superior explanatory power of tourists’decisions of local alternatives over foreign countries during the COVID-19 pandemic.Furthermore,desire was found to play an imminent mediating role in the conceptual mod-el,maximizing the impact of perceived risk on travel intentions.Henceforth,this research offers meaningful the-oretical implication as thefirst empirical study to deepen the goal-directed behaviour framework with perceived risk and knowledge in the context of post-COVID-19 era.It also serves as insightful knowledge for Korean tour-ism authorities and practitioners to understand local tourists’decision-making processes and tailor effective recovery strategy for domestic tourism.

基于游客满意度分析的甘肃省乡村民宿发展策略研究

当前甘肃省乡村民宿产业正从浅层“农家乐”消遣型向深度乡村旅居度假和文化体验型转变,在此背景下,文章以甘肃省乡村民宿游客需求为导向,构建了“服务质量、安全管理、环境卫生、文化体验”四个维度的满意度评价指标体系,通过问卷调研获取研究数据,借助SPSS软件对甘肃省乡村民宿游客满意度进行评价分析,基于游客满意度指标提出了甘肃省乡村民宿存在服务质量整体偏低、安全保障相对不足、卫生标准不够完善、文化品位参差不齐4个方面的问题,相应地给出了以游客满意度为中心,提升服务质量、做好基础设施建设,加强民宿安全管理、规范环境卫生标准,走绿色可持续发展道路、构建民宿文化氛围,凸显地域乡土特色4条解决路径。

游客满意度评测模型优化实证研究

准确评价游客满意度影响因素与游客满意度之间的关系有助于深入了解游客需求,进而提升旅游服务水平。分析两者关系的常用方法是构建游客感知价值与游客满意度结构方程模型,从而得到各因素对游客满意度的影响路径和影响程度。由于不同类型游客感知价值差异比较明显,因此,将游客感知价值作为一个整体来分析游客满意度影响因素不够准确。为此,文章提出采用游客感知收益来分析游客满意度影响因素和影响路径,并采用结构方程模型进行实证分析得到:基于游客感知收益与游客满意度模型的结构更稳定,优于传统的游客感知价值与游客满意度模型。该结论有助于进一步提高游客满意度影响因素评测的准确性。

物理环境介入下游览路径空间品质对游客行为影响探讨——以合肥市三河古镇为例

探析人本尺度下古镇游览路径多维空间品质和物理环境对游客行为的综合影响机制,以三河古镇为例,利用卷积神经网络、Open CV、sDNA量化路径空间品质;通过实地测量、空间插值获取物理环境数据;实时录像获取游客行为。构建分层回归模型对多维空间品质、物理环境与游客行为进行解释,总结各因子作用程度和作用方式。研究表明:夏季游客四类行为均受到多维空间品质和物理环境的直接或间接影响;观赏、休憩和购物行为主要受多维空间品质影响,步行行为主要受物理环境影响。为古镇街道空间场景优化提供依据,推动特色小镇中古镇旅游产业健康发展。