Objective: Nursing profession conventionally meets a high standard of ethical behavior and action. One of the ethical challenges in nursing profession is moral distress. Nurses frequently expose to this phenomenon whi...Objective: Nursing profession conventionally meets a high standard of ethical behavior and action. One of the ethical challenges in nursing profession is moral distress. Nurses frequently expose to this phenomenon which leads to different consequences such as being bored by delivering patient care that decline care quality and make it challenging to achieve health purposes. This study was conducted to investigate the association between the aspects of moral distress and care quality.Methods: In this descriptive–analytical study, 545 nurses of intensive and cardiac care units and dialysis and psychiatric wards were recruited by census sampling. Three questionnaires, Sociodemographics, Moral Distress Scale, and Quality Patient Care Scale, were distributed among the participants and collected within 9 months. Data analysis was conducted by descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and the least significant difference in SPSS 13.Results: Investigating moral distress domains(ignoring patient, decision-making power, and professional competence) and care quality domains(psychosocial, physical, and communicational) demonstrated that in being exposed to moral distress, ignoring patient had no effect on psychosocial domain(P=0.056), but decision-making and professional competence of moral distress had positive effect on psychosocial, physical(bodily), and communication domains of care quality.Conclusions: Because moral distress domains are effective on patient care quality, it is recommended to enhance the knowledge of nurses, especially beginners, about moral distress, increase their strength alongside standardizing nursing services in decisionmaking domains, improve the professional competence, and pay attention to patients.展开更多
The impact of tourist disturbance on the environment has become a focal issue of environmental science, ecology, and travel management studies. To assess the influence of tourist disturbance on soils and plants in the...The impact of tourist disturbance on the environment has become a focal issue of environmental science, ecology, and travel management studies. To assess the influence of tourist disturbance on soils and plants in the Tianchi scenic area of Xinjiang, China, we compared soil properties and plant community characteristics at 0, 5, 10, and 20 m from the tourist trail within areas at three different altitudes, where the intensities of tourist disturbance are distinct. Surface water quality was also studied at three different levels relative to the Tianchi Lake. The results showed that tourist disturbance significantly increased soil pH within 10 m from the trail and soil bulk density on the edge of the trail, but significantly reduced soil organic matter and total nitrogen contents within 5 m from the trail. The number of tree seedlings on the edge of the trail and the shrub coverage and height of herbaceous plants within 5 m from the trail significantly decreased due to tourist disturbance. Changes in herbaceous plant diversity differed by soil zones. In the high altitude region, tourist disturbance led to a remarkable increase in the herbaceous plant diversity on the edge of the trail, while in the low altitude region, tourist disturbance had a low impact on the diversity of herbaceous plants. In addition, tourist activities polluted the surface water, significantly reducing water quality. Thus, current tourist activities have a significant negative impact on the ecological environment in the Tianchi scenic area.展开更多
Development of appropriate tourism infrastructure is important for protected areas that allow public access for tourism use.This is meant to avoid or minimize unfavourable impacts on natural resources through guiding ...Development of appropriate tourism infrastructure is important for protected areas that allow public access for tourism use.This is meant to avoid or minimize unfavourable impacts on natural resources through guiding tourists for proper use.In this paper,a GIS-based method,the least-cost path(LCP) modelling,is explored for planning tourist tracks in a World Heritage site in Northwest Yunnan(China),where tourism is increasing rapidly while appropriate infrastructure is almost absent.The modelling process contains three steps:1) selection of evaluation criteria(physical,biological and landscape scenic) that are relevant to track decision; 2) translation of evluation criteria into spatially explicit cost surfaces with GIS,and 3) use of Dijkstra's algorithm to determine the least-cost tracks.Four tracks that link main entrances and scenic spots of the study area are proposed after optimizing all evaluation criteria.These tracks feature lowenvironmental impacts and high landscape qualities,which represent a reasonable solution to balance tourist use and nature conservation in the study area.In addtion,the study proves that the LCP modelling can not only offer a structured framwork for track planning but also allow for different stakeholders to participate in the planning process.It therefore enhances the effectivenss of tourism planning and managemnt in protected areas.展开更多
In the current environment of increasingly fierce competition in the tourism industry,service quality has become crucial for enhancing the competitiveness of scenic spots.This paper uses the SERVQUAL model to design a...In the current environment of increasingly fierce competition in the tourism industry,service quality has become crucial for enhancing the competitiveness of scenic spots.This paper uses the SERVQUAL model to design a service quality evaluation questionnaire that captures the gap between tourists’expectations and perceptions,using the Ciqikou Scenic Spot as a case study.Data collected from field surveys are used to comprehensively and meticulously evaluate the service quality of the Ciqikou Scenic Spot.The analysis results show that the scenic spot,with its unique folk culture experience and beautiful ecological environment,has certain advantages in terms of service quality.However,significant deficiencies exist in infrastructure and environmental hygiene.Accordingly,targeted improvement suggestions are proposed to further enhance the service quality of the Ciqikou Scenic Spot and meet the increasingly diverse and personalized needs of tourists.This study provides not only a specific service quality improvement strategy for the Ciqikou Scenic Spot but also a valuable reference for other tourist attractions.展开更多
To further explore characteristics of tourist resources in Liuchong and Longtan Scenic spots in Longtan National Forest Park,Classification,Investigation and Evaluation of Tourist Resources(GB/T18972-2003) and Quality...To further explore characteristics of tourist resources in Liuchong and Longtan Scenic spots in Longtan National Forest Park,Classification,Investigation and Evaluation of Tourist Resources(GB/T18972-2003) and Quality Grading of Scenic Resources in Forest Parks of China(GB/T18005-1999) were adopted to analyze composition and distribution features of tourist resources in Liuchong and Longtan Scenic Spots,qualitative evaluation of scenic resources in the 2 study scenic spots,quantitative evaluation of resource units and quality evaluation of tourist resources were respectively carried out.The results showed that the park has diversified tourist resources such as peaks,valleys,cliffs,brooks,waterfalls and forests,as well as rich animal and plant species and an excellent natural eco-environment;5 Grade-IV tourist landscapes,6 Grade-III tourist landscapes,14 Grade-II ones,4 Grade-I ones;quality of tourist resources was scored as 41.3,up to the scenic resource standards of Grade-I Forest Park.展开更多
Morality education is not only the foundation of education, but also the foundation of life, colleges and universities should keeppace with the times, innovate the concept of education, and integrate the concept of mo...Morality education is not only the foundation of education, but also the foundation of life, colleges and universities should keeppace with the times, innovate the concept of education, and integrate the concept of morality education into the management andideological and political education of colleges and universities. Based on this, in order to provide data support for this study, aquestionnaire survey was adopted to sample the teachers and students of Sichuan University to understand the current situation ofthe concept of "morality education" in colleges and universities, and the importance of the concept of "morality education" in themanagement of college students and the difficulties it faces were expounded, then pertinent suggestions were put forward for thecurrent problems. Implementing the concept of "morality education" in the management of colleges and universities caneffectively improve the quality of students, and guide students to establish correct political beliefs and promote their all-rounddevelopment.展开更多
Moral Education in Physical Education is mainly embodied in physical education content, physical education organization, activities, and sports competitions. Moral Education in the implementation process of Physical E...Moral Education in Physical Education is mainly embodied in physical education content, physical education organization, activities, and sports competitions. Moral Education in the implementation process of Physical Education is with the characteristics of direct participation, dynamic, body and mind. Moral Education in Physical Education pathways are： a combination of conventional classroom education; a combination of different materials and features educational content, emotion in teaching, affection, the use of reasonable physical education teaching methods and forms of organization education, combination of students behavior education, infrequent events combined treatment education and a leading role of outstanding teachers.展开更多
The construction of curriculum ideological and political education mechanism in colleges and universities in China has begun to take effect.In view of the differences in the key points of different colleges and univer...The construction of curriculum ideological and political education mechanism in colleges and universities in China has begun to take effect.In view of the differences in the key points of different colleges and universities in the construction of curriculum ideological and political education mechanism,the quality evaluation of curriculum ideological and political education mechanism is particularly important.However,the quality evaluation mechanism is related to ability,fairness,and potential.It is essential to assume the effectiveness of moral education in college curriculum ideological and political education as the benchmark,adhere to positioning experts,teachers,and students as the key elements of the main body of the evaluation mechanism,as well as establish a diversified quality evaluation standard system based on the teaching management,infrastructure,and moral education effectiveness.Building a scientific and multi-dimensional quality evaluation mechanism for ideological and political education in colleges and universities would promote the connotative development of ideological and political education in courses.展开更多
基金part of research project, which has been approved by Tabriz University of Medical Sciencesdeputy officials in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences for their financial support, contribution
文摘Objective: Nursing profession conventionally meets a high standard of ethical behavior and action. One of the ethical challenges in nursing profession is moral distress. Nurses frequently expose to this phenomenon which leads to different consequences such as being bored by delivering patient care that decline care quality and make it challenging to achieve health purposes. This study was conducted to investigate the association between the aspects of moral distress and care quality.Methods: In this descriptive–analytical study, 545 nurses of intensive and cardiac care units and dialysis and psychiatric wards were recruited by census sampling. Three questionnaires, Sociodemographics, Moral Distress Scale, and Quality Patient Care Scale, were distributed among the participants and collected within 9 months. Data analysis was conducted by descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and the least significant difference in SPSS 13.Results: Investigating moral distress domains(ignoring patient, decision-making power, and professional competence) and care quality domains(psychosocial, physical, and communicational) demonstrated that in being exposed to moral distress, ignoring patient had no effect on psychosocial domain(P=0.056), but decision-making and professional competence of moral distress had positive effect on psychosocial, physical(bodily), and communication domains of care quality.Conclusions: Because moral distress domains are effective on patient care quality, it is recommended to enhance the knowledge of nurses, especially beginners, about moral distress, increase their strength alongside standardizing nursing services in decisionmaking domains, improve the professional competence, and pay attention to patients.
基金sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences Visiting Professorship for Senior International Scientists(2015VEA048)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41301163+2 种基金41301204)the Project of Featured Major Tourism Management(HHXY2013LY)the Doctoral Startup Funds from Huanghuai University(2013D1310)
文摘The impact of tourist disturbance on the environment has become a focal issue of environmental science, ecology, and travel management studies. To assess the influence of tourist disturbance on soils and plants in the Tianchi scenic area of Xinjiang, China, we compared soil properties and plant community characteristics at 0, 5, 10, and 20 m from the tourist trail within areas at three different altitudes, where the intensities of tourist disturbance are distinct. Surface water quality was also studied at three different levels relative to the Tianchi Lake. The results showed that tourist disturbance significantly increased soil pH within 10 m from the trail and soil bulk density on the edge of the trail, but significantly reduced soil organic matter and total nitrogen contents within 5 m from the trail. The number of tree seedlings on the edge of the trail and the shrub coverage and height of herbaceous plants within 5 m from the trail significantly decreased due to tourist disturbance. Changes in herbaceous plant diversity differed by soil zones. In the high altitude region, tourist disturbance led to a remarkable increase in the herbaceous plant diversity on the edge of the trail, while in the low altitude region, tourist disturbance had a low impact on the diversity of herbaceous plants. In addition, tourist activities polluted the surface water, significantly reducing water quality. Thus, current tourist activities have a significant negative impact on the ecological environment in the Tianchi scenic area.
基金funded by the CEMSIT project from the Flemish Inter-university Council of Belgiumthe grant(No.31160101)from National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Development of appropriate tourism infrastructure is important for protected areas that allow public access for tourism use.This is meant to avoid or minimize unfavourable impacts on natural resources through guiding tourists for proper use.In this paper,a GIS-based method,the least-cost path(LCP) modelling,is explored for planning tourist tracks in a World Heritage site in Northwest Yunnan(China),where tourism is increasing rapidly while appropriate infrastructure is almost absent.The modelling process contains three steps:1) selection of evaluation criteria(physical,biological and landscape scenic) that are relevant to track decision; 2) translation of evluation criteria into spatially explicit cost surfaces with GIS,and 3) use of Dijkstra's algorithm to determine the least-cost tracks.Four tracks that link main entrances and scenic spots of the study area are proposed after optimizing all evaluation criteria.These tracks feature lowenvironmental impacts and high landscape qualities,which represent a reasonable solution to balance tourist use and nature conservation in the study area.In addtion,the study proves that the LCP modelling can not only offer a structured framwork for track planning but also allow for different stakeholders to participate in the planning process.It therefore enhances the effectivenss of tourism planning and managemnt in protected areas.
文摘In the current environment of increasingly fierce competition in the tourism industry,service quality has become crucial for enhancing the competitiveness of scenic spots.This paper uses the SERVQUAL model to design a service quality evaluation questionnaire that captures the gap between tourists’expectations and perceptions,using the Ciqikou Scenic Spot as a case study.Data collected from field surveys are used to comprehensively and meticulously evaluate the service quality of the Ciqikou Scenic Spot.The analysis results show that the scenic spot,with its unique folk culture experience and beautiful ecological environment,has certain advantages in terms of service quality.However,significant deficiencies exist in infrastructure and environmental hygiene.Accordingly,targeted improvement suggestions are proposed to further enhance the service quality of the Ciqikou Scenic Spot and meet the increasingly diverse and personalized needs of tourists.This study provides not only a specific service quality improvement strategy for the Ciqikou Scenic Spot but also a valuable reference for other tourist attractions.
文摘To further explore characteristics of tourist resources in Liuchong and Longtan Scenic spots in Longtan National Forest Park,Classification,Investigation and Evaluation of Tourist Resources(GB/T18972-2003) and Quality Grading of Scenic Resources in Forest Parks of China(GB/T18005-1999) were adopted to analyze composition and distribution features of tourist resources in Liuchong and Longtan Scenic Spots,qualitative evaluation of scenic resources in the 2 study scenic spots,quantitative evaluation of resource units and quality evaluation of tourist resources were respectively carried out.The results showed that the park has diversified tourist resources such as peaks,valleys,cliffs,brooks,waterfalls and forests,as well as rich animal and plant species and an excellent natural eco-environment;5 Grade-IV tourist landscapes,6 Grade-III tourist landscapes,14 Grade-II ones,4 Grade-I ones;quality of tourist resources was scored as 41.3,up to the scenic resource standards of Grade-I Forest Park.
文摘Morality education is not only the foundation of education, but also the foundation of life, colleges and universities should keeppace with the times, innovate the concept of education, and integrate the concept of morality education into the management andideological and political education of colleges and universities. Based on this, in order to provide data support for this study, aquestionnaire survey was adopted to sample the teachers and students of Sichuan University to understand the current situation ofthe concept of "morality education" in colleges and universities, and the importance of the concept of "morality education" in themanagement of college students and the difficulties it faces were expounded, then pertinent suggestions were put forward for thecurrent problems. Implementing the concept of "morality education" in the management of colleges and universities caneffectively improve the quality of students, and guide students to establish correct political beliefs and promote their all-rounddevelopment.
文摘Moral Education in Physical Education is mainly embodied in physical education content, physical education organization, activities, and sports competitions. Moral Education in the implementation process of Physical Education is with the characteristics of direct participation, dynamic, body and mind. Moral Education in Physical Education pathways are： a combination of conventional classroom education; a combination of different materials and features educational content, emotion in teaching, affection, the use of reasonable physical education teaching methods and forms of organization education, combination of students behavior education, infrequent events combined treatment education and a leading role of outstanding teachers.
文摘The construction of curriculum ideological and political education mechanism in colleges and universities in China has begun to take effect.In view of the differences in the key points of different colleges and universities in the construction of curriculum ideological and political education mechanism,the quality evaluation of curriculum ideological and political education mechanism is particularly important.However,the quality evaluation mechanism is related to ability,fairness,and potential.It is essential to assume the effectiveness of moral education in college curriculum ideological and political education as the benchmark,adhere to positioning experts,teachers,and students as the key elements of the main body of the evaluation mechanism,as well as establish a diversified quality evaluation standard system based on the teaching management,infrastructure,and moral education effectiveness.Building a scientific and multi-dimensional quality evaluation mechanism for ideological and political education in colleges and universities would promote the connotative development of ideological and political education in courses.
