Trajectory planning for multi-robot coordinated towing system based on stability

Given the unconstrained characteristics of the multi-robot coordinated towing system,the rope can only provide a unidirectional constraint force to the suspended object,which leads to the weak ability of the system to resist external disturbances and makes it difficult to control the trajectory of the suspended object.Based on the kinematics and statics of the multi-robot coordinated towing system with fixed base,the dynamic model of the system is established by using the Newton-Euler equations and the Udwadia-Kalaba equations.To plan the trajectories with high stability and strong control,trajectory planning is performed by combining the dynamics and stability of the towing system.Based on the dynamic stability of the motion trajectory of the suspended object,the stability of the suspended object is effectively improved through online real-time planning and offline manual adjustment.The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by comparing the motion stability of the suspended object before and after planning.The results provide a foundation for the motion planning and coordinated control of the towing system.

Numerical Simulation of Dynamic Response of Towed Systems

In this paper,the dynamic response of undersea -+towed systems is numerically simulated.Atwo body towed system is especially considered in detail.The factors influencing the heave oftowed-bodies,such as the weight of the towed-body(in sea water),the length and the weight(in sea water)per unit length of the cable between towed-bodies and towing ship,are investigated in detail.Calculationsshow that the two-body towed system can greatly increases the stability of the towed system.

Acoustic multipath structure in direct zone of deep water and bearing estimation of tow ship noise of towed line array

In the towed line array sonar system,the tow ship noise is the main factor that affects the sonar performance.Conventional noise cancelling methods assume that the noise is towards the endfire direction of the array.An acoustic experiment employing a towed line array is conducted in the western Pacific Ocean,and a strange bearing-splitting phenomenon of the tow ship noise is observed in the array.The tow ship noise is split into multiple noise signals whose bearings are distributed between 10°and 90°deviating from the endfire direction.The multiple interferences increase the difficulty in recognizing the target for the sonar operator and noise cancellation.Therefore,making the mechanism clear and putting forward the tow ship noise splitting bearing estimation method are imperative.In this paper,the acoustic multi-path structure of the tow ship in deep water is analyzed.Then it is pointed out that the bearing-splitting phenomenon is caused by the main lobe of direct rays and bottom-reflected rays,as well as several side lobes of direct rays.Meanwhile,the indistinguishability between the elevation angle and the bearing angle due to the axial symmetry of a strict horizontal line array causes the bearing to deviate from the endfire direction.Based on the theory above,a method of estimating bearing of the tow ship noise in deep water is proposed.The theoretical analysis results accord with the experimental results,which helps to identify the target and provide correct initial bearing guidance for noise cancelation methods.

Analyzing Parabolic Profile Path for Underwater Towed-Cable

这篇文章讨论动态州的分析在水下拖引电缆线当拖引轮船在成为寓言的一个方向改变它的速度时，介绍路径。一个三维的模型在水下拖引的系统被学习。为系统的确定的管理方程用中央含蓄的有限差别的方法被解决了。获得的差别非线性的联合方程被牛顿鈥檚 方法解决，令人满意的结果被完成。这个问题的答案在动态装载和运动的评价有实际重要性，并且因此它对安全的改进和有效性直接适用近海活动。

Dynamic Analysis of Towed and Variable Length Cable Systems

Towed cable systems are frequently used in marine measurements where the length of the towed cable varies during launch and recovery. In this paper a novel method for modeling variable length cable systems is introduced based on the finite segment formulation. The variable length of the towed cable is described by changing the length of the segment near the towing point and by increasing or decreasing the number of the discrete segments of the cable. In this way, the elastic effects of the cable can be easily handled since geometry and material properties of each segment are kept constant. Experimental results show that the dynamic behavior of the towed cable is consistent between the model and the physical cable. Results show that the model provides numerical efficiency and simulation accuracy for the variable length towed system.

Dynamic Response Analysis of Towed Cable During Deployment/Retrieval

A numerical approach was developed to analyze the transient behavior of towed cable during ac- tively controlled deployment/retrieval (DR).The cable motion is described by the lumped parameter method, its corresponding boundary conditions are presented.In view of its varying length during DR,two auxiliary arguments are introduced to describe its continuous varying length and discrete number of nodes(equations), the length is determined by the pay out(or reel-in) rate,which is then used to determine the node number by a logic relation.For the discrete mathematical model of towed cable,an algorithm was developed to deal with the discrete governing equations.The simulation results indicate that the cable experiences more com- plex motions due to its varying length,and tension fluctuates seriously in the startup and ending stage of deployment/retrieval.The effect of towing ship's motion in waves on cable during deployment/retrieval is also considered via numerical simulation.

Study on the Configuration of Towed Flexible Cables

Based on the fundamental equation of flexible cable dynamics for a towed system, an easily solved mathematical model is set up in this paper by means of appropriate simplification. Several regular patterns of spatial motion of towed flexible cables in water are obtained through numerical simulation with the finite difference method, and then modification and verification by trial results at sea. A technical support is provided for the towing ship to maneuver properly when a flexible cable is towed. Furthermore, the relations between two towed flexible cables, which are towed simultaneously by a ship, are investigated. The results show that the ship towing two flexible cables is safe under the suggested arrangement of two winches for the towing system, and the coiling/uncoiling sequences of the cables as well as the suggested way of maneuvering.

Steady State Analysis of Towed Marine Cables

Efficient numerical schemes were presented for the steady state solutions of towed marine cables. For most of towed systems,the steady state problem can be resolved into two-point boundary-value problem,or initial value problem in some special cases where the initial values are available directly.A new technique was proposed and attempted to solve the two-point boundary-value problem rather than the conventional shooting method due to its algorithm complexity and low efficiency.First,the boundary conditions are transformed into a set of nonlinear governing equations about the initial values,then bisection method is employed to solve these nonlinear equations with the aid of 4th order Runge-Kutta method.In common sense,non-uniform (sheared) current is assumed,which varies in magnitude and direction with depth.The schemes are validated through the DE Zoysa's example,then several numerical examples are also presented to illustrate the numerical schemes.

Analysis of the Dynamic System of Wave Glider with a Towed Body

Mobile observation platforms are widely used in oceanographic and marine resource exploration and other applications. Wave Glider is a mobile platform that can transform wave energy into locomotion power and overcome the bottleneck of low energy supply. Wave Glider has recently been applied to tow underwater sensors fulfilling observation tasks. In this paper, the dynamic system of Wave Glider with a towed body is studied by applying multibody mechanics, and the relevant motion conditions of the system are investigated. Dynamic models of Wave Glider with a towed body and tether are first developed individually and then integrated into a whole model. The numerical method is used to obtain the dynamic responses and assess performance of the towed body pulled by the submerged glider of Wave Glider. The effects of sea state, mass of the towed body, and length of the towed cable are investigated on the basis of simulation results. This work can be used for the design and analysis of Wave Glider-towed body systems.

“深海一号”半潜式生产储油平台长距离湿拖方案论证

针对“深海一号”半潜式生产储油平台拖航方案设计及工程实施面临拖航距离远、拖航路径环境恶劣、拖船资源选择少,以及作业风险高等众多技术难题,通过对比分析平台干拖和湿拖方案,重点分析湿拖过程中的拖航路线、平台吃水、湿拖阻力、拖船配置等关键技术问题,通过水池模型试验验证该方案的可行性,顺利实施了“深海一号”平台的长距离湿拖工作。

飞机高速牵引滑行制动模式分析

在传统牵引车牵引飞机的运动过程中,其制动行为是通过牵引车独立制动来完成的,主要用于低速推出牵引和轻载中速维护牵引工况。针对未来飞机牵引滑行的高速重载新特征,仅靠牵引车实施制动能否满足牵引系统制动性能需要重新评估。为此,文中考虑了由飞机和牵引车联合制动的新模式,即由飞机主起落架机轮刹车系统和牵引车轮刹车系统同时制动,通过分配制动力来实现牵引车-飞机系统的制动行为。建立了飞机牵引滑行时制动过程的动力学模型,并以B737-200型飞机和TBL-180型牵引车为例,分析对比了牵引车单独制动和牵引车-飞机联合制动两种模式下的系统制动性能和制动安全性。结果表明:牵引车-飞机联合制动时的制动性能远优于牵引车单独制动时的制动性能,是飞机高速牵引滑行时紧急制动的优选模式;在安全性方面,牵引车-飞机联合制动时的前起落架横向载荷也远小于牵引车单独制动,会为飞机前起落架结构保留更大的横向冲击安全裕度。

基于LightGBM的拖曳系统动力响应预报方法

针对传统数值仿真计算方法耗时长、占用计算机资源多等缺点,提出基于LightGBM算法的拖曳系统动力响应进行评估的回归预测模型,以已有的OrcaFlex数值模拟得到的数据为样本,以拖曳系统上的海洋环境条件、拖船航速和下放缆长为特征,以动力响应为目标,引入LightGBM算法,对拖曳缆顶端张力最大值等动力响应进行预测分析。与传统数值模拟方法相比,LightGBM算法在保证结果准确性的同时大幅度提高了计算效率。通过与随机森林(RF)、极限梯度提升(XGBoost)算法相比,其准确度和计算效率的表现更好。最后提出了贝叶斯参数优化的LightGBM算法,准确度进一步提高,为提前采取措施保障拖曳系统的作业安全提供了一条高效的技术途径,同时为建立拖曳系统数字孪生体提供了有力的技术支撑。

基于遗传算法的不等间距阵优化方法

阵元数一定情况下,针对不等间距拖线阵高频信号处理存在的空间增益和无栅瓣兼容问题,提出一种基于遗传算法的不等间距拖线阵阵型优化方法。该方法以频带交互下最大旁瓣级最小作为约束因子,通过模拟生物自然进化过程搜索全局最优解,得到优化后的阵元位置。优化后阵型在保证低频信号处理空间增益不变情况下,实现对高频信号高空间增益、无栅瓣处理。计算机仿真结果表明:相比未优化阵型,在高频信号处理方面,优化后阵型在无栅瓣情况下,空间增益提升值近似理论值提升值;在低频信号处理方面,优化后阵型具有相同的空间增益。为实际不等间距拖线阵阵型优化和应用提供了一种思路。

基于TOWS理论审视我国体育旅游发展战略——以河南省体育旅游开发为例

将战略规划的系统方法——TWOS分析引入河南省体育旅游发展战略规划实践。研究认为,区域体育旅游的发展战略关系到体育旅游发展的全局性、根本性问题,是区域体育旅游取得持续发展的决定性因素。据此认为,河南省体育旅游的开发应围绕特色文化、区域合作、体制创新、产品整合、相对优势、品牌和形象主导制定战略规划。

基于TOWS分析的区域旅游发展战略规划——以辽宁鞍山为例

发展战略在区域旅游开发和规划中至关重要,它关系到旅游发展的全局性和战略性问题,是区域旅游业取得长期绩效的决定性因素。目前,区域旅游发展战略规划,基本上依赖于专家的经验和直觉,随意性和主观性较强,给区域旅游发展系统带来莫大的风险。为此,本文以辽宁鞍山为实例,将TOWS分析方法引入旅游发展战略的制定过程,以增强区域旅游发展战略规划的客观性、系统性和可靠性,降低旅游系统所面临的风险,旨在促进区域旅游持续发展。

大同市旅游发展战略的TOWS分析

利用TOWS分析法对大同市旅游发展的优势、劣势、机遇与威胁进行了综合分析评价,得到以云冈石窟为代表的人文旅游资源优势明显、旅游产品结构单一、旅游交通的极大改善为旅游业发展提供了机遇、对重点文物和环境保护的压力大等关键的内外部因素,最后提出了如特色文化、完善交通、区域联合等适合大同市旅游发展的六个战略.

基于SWOT-TOWS分析区域竞技体育发展的战略规划——以辽宁省竞技体育发展为例

运用文献资料、数理统计、逻辑分析、SWOT分析等方法,对辽宁竞技体育发展过程中所面临的内外部环境进行探讨,进而引入战略规划的系统研究方法—TWOS分析对未来辽宁竞技体育发展的战略规划进行研究。表明:区域竞技体育发展的战略规划是关系到竞技体育发展的全局性和根本性的问题,是区域竞技体育取得可持续发展的决定性因素。因此,辽宁竞技体育的发展应以特色文化战略、相对优势战略、区域联盟战略、体制创新战略和整合发展战略为重点制定战略规划。

TOWS分析方法在公路交通发展战略制定中的应用

从公路交通与企业发展所而临的环境的相似性出发,将社会经济系统作为公路交通发展的外部环境,用TOWS分析方法对公路交通与经济发展的适应性进行了分析,提出了与之相适应的发展战略.

拖曳系统中瑞利阻尼系数变化在回转过程中对拖缆动力学振动响应的影响

海洋拖曳系统是典型的刚柔多体系统。需要指出的是,到目前为止,绝大多数的关于海洋拖曳缆体系统的动力学问题研究都没有非常充分地考虑到阻尼的作用。但在海洋拖曳系统的结构动力学分析中,特别是拖缆回转过程中的动态响应分析中,阻尼的作用是不可忽略的。且由于阻尼的存在,拖缆的模态特性也会呈现出高度的复杂性。为探究瑞利阻尼在拖缆回转过程中的影响,基于凝集质量法对瑞利阻尼的在拖缆系统中的表达形式进行了进一步的整理与分解,并对各个阻尼分量的影响进行了归纳总结,得到了一些较为通用性的结论,对于实际海上拖曳作业有一定的指导意义。

高校发展战略选择的影响因素--兼论TOWS矩阵和博弈论的应用

本文借助波特的产业分析思想,全面分析了高校所面临的竞争环境,指出了与高校发展密切相关的五种作用力,探讨影响高校发展战略选择的相关因素,并给出战略选择的一般流程。本文另运用TOWS矩阵分析方法以实例分析了高校所面临的外部威胁和机遇,内部的弱势和优势,从而做出具体的战略选择。继而,本文还论述了博弈论的思想在制定高校发展战略时的价值,指出高校盲目扩张策略的"囚徒困境"。