目的:探讨耐多药结核病(multidrug-resistant tuberculosis,MDR-TB)患者环丝氨酸相关性药物不良反应(adverse drug reactions,ADRs)的发生情况及其临床特点,为临床MDR-TB患者环丝氨酸的用药安全提供参考。方法:选取2018年1月1日—2021...目的:探讨耐多药结核病(multidrug-resistant tuberculosis,MDR-TB)患者环丝氨酸相关性药物不良反应(adverse drug reactions,ADRs)的发生情况及其临床特点,为临床MDR-TB患者环丝氨酸的用药安全提供参考。方法:选取2018年1月1日—2021年12月31日苏州市第五人民医院收治的182例MDR-TB患者作为研究对象,采集患者的年龄、性别、职业、结核病类型、治疗结局、环丝氨酸的使用情况及其相关ADRs的发生情况等信息,着重分析MDR-TB患者环丝氨酸相关性ADRs的发生情况和临床特点。结果:182例MDR-TB患者排除失访、死亡和未使用环丝氨酸的患者后仅剩167例,其中治疗成功的有134例,治疗成功率为80.24%;167例患者中,发生ADRs的有10例,发生率为5.99%;诺氏评估量表显示,10例ADRs与环丝氨酸的关联性评分均为5~8分,即关联性为“很可能”;10例ADRs的发生时间为用药后的4~361 d(中位数值为67.5 d),而其临床表现均为中枢神经毒性症状(如自杀倾向、精神错乱、重度失眠、焦虑、抑郁、嗜睡等);通过停用环丝氨酸或加大维生素B6用药量,10例患者的中枢神经毒性症状均缓解或消失。结论:含环丝氨酸抗结核治疗方案对MDR-TB患者的疗效较好,同时环丝氨酸相关性中枢神经毒性症状的发生率相对较低,但其症状表现较为严重,因此临床在对患者开展用药宣教时应交代明确,以保障患者的用药安全。展开更多
Adverse drug reaction is defined by the World Health Organization as any response to a drug that is noxious and unintended and occurs at a dose normally used in man.Older people are at elevated risk of adverse drug re...Adverse drug reaction is defined by the World Health Organization as any response to a drug that is noxious and unintended and occurs at a dose normally used in man.Older people are at elevated risk of adverse drug reactions—because of changes in pharmacodynamics,concurrent use of multiple medications and the related drug interactions.However,adverse drug reactions are significantly underestimated in the elderly population that is also exposed to inappropriate drugs.Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic drug used commonly for the treatment of atrial fibrillation and is increasingly prescribed in older people.While amiodarone is an efficient drug for rhythm control,it’s a carrier of different adverse reactions,and pro and cons must be carefully evaluated before its use especially in older people.展开更多
[Objectives]The antifungal protein HAS1 newly obtained was evaluated for acute toxicity safety in KM mice according to relevant national regulations,so as to eliminate people s concerns about the safety of transgenic ...[Objectives]The antifungal protein HAS1 newly obtained was evaluated for acute toxicity safety in KM mice according to relevant national regulations,so as to eliminate people s concerns about the safety of transgenic plants.[Methods]The acute toxicity of the purified protein HAS1 was observed by intragastric administration of mice,and the poisoning symptoms,poisoning degree,recovery and death were observed.[Results]No abnormal toxicity symptoms were observed in the test group,the vehicle control group and the blank control group.The main tissues and organs were not abnormal in gross anatomy.The average body weight of each group showed an increasing trend compared with before administration at 1,3,7,11 and 14 d after administration.It was found that after giving the purified protein HAS1 to KM mice at a cumulative dose of 64 mg/kg a day,no obvious toxicity was observed in the acute toxicity test,indicating that the test substance was non-toxic by oral administration.[Conclusions]This study provides a basis for further use of the protein and its coding genes.展开更多
(2-Hydroxyethyl)ammonium lactates have been prepared by reactions of the corresponding (2-hydroxyethyl) amines with lactic acid and characterized by their 1H NMR, IR, and mass spectra. They have been quantita- tively ...(2-Hydroxyethyl)ammonium lactates have been prepared by reactions of the corresponding (2-hydroxyethyl) amines with lactic acid and characterized by their 1H NMR, IR, and mass spectra. They have been quantita- tively analyzed by HPLC, and their water contents have been determined by the Karl-Fischer method. The title salts are low-melting solids or viscous liquids, and they belong to the class of polar, hydrophilic ionic liquids. The toxicity and chemical and biological degradation of the synthesized ionic liquids have been evaluated by methods described in European Standards. The measurements showed these ionic liquids to be highly biodegradable and only slightly toxic substances. Condensation reactions of benzaldehyde with ethyl cyanoacetate and with acetophenone have been performed in these materials as solvents. The possibility of simultaneously applying these ionic liquids as both solvents and catalysts for the mentioned reactions has been demonstrated, as well as repeated use of the same ionic liquid for a number of condensation reactions without any purification.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the relationship between thiopu- rine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) polymorphisms and thiopurine-induced adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS: Eligible articles that...AIM: To evaluate the relationship between thiopu- rine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) polymorphisms and thiopurine-induced adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS: Eligible articles that compared the frequency of TPMT polymorphisms among thiopurine-tolerant and-intolerant adult IBD patients were included. Statistical analysis was performed with Review Manager 5.0. Sub-analysis/sensitivity analysis was also performed. RESULTS: Nine studies that investigated a total of 1309 participants met our inclusion criteria. The inci- dence of TPMT gene mutation was increased 2.93-fold (95% CI: 1.68-5.09, P = 0.0001) and 5.93-fold (95% CI: 2.96-11.88, P < 0.00001), respectively, in IBD patients with thiopurine-induced overall ADRs and bone marrow toxicity (BMT), compared with controls. The OR for TPMT gene mutation in IBD patients withthiopurine-induced hepatotoxicity and pancreatitis was 1.51 (95% CI: 0.54-4.19, P = 0.43) and 1.02 (95% CI: 0.26-3.99, P = 0.98) vs controls, respectively. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis suggests that the TPMT polymorphisms are associated with thiopurine-induced overall ADRs and BMT, but not with hepatotoxicity and pancreatitis.展开更多
为实现生活垃圾焚烧飞灰(MSWIFA)资源化利用,采用单因素法和响应面曲线法研究MSWIFA直接湿法矿化固碳性能,获得最大CO_(2)封存率,并采用BCR形态分析及毒性浸出试验评价其矿化前后重金属环境风险。结果表明:随着反应温度、压力、时间及...为实现生活垃圾焚烧飞灰(MSWIFA)资源化利用,采用单因素法和响应面曲线法研究MSWIFA直接湿法矿化固碳性能,获得最大CO_(2)封存率,并采用BCR形态分析及毒性浸出试验评价其矿化前后重金属环境风险。结果表明:随着反应温度、压力、时间及液固比的增大,MSWIFA的CO_(2)封存率先增大后减小,在105℃、2.0 MPa、1.5 h和液固比为20 mL g时最大CO_(2)封存率分别为16.71%,15.80%,15.36%,14.96%;基于响应面曲线法得出的优化反应条件为0.5 MPa、99.19℃、1 h及液固比25 mL g,最大CO_(2)封存率为12.91%;矿化反应后,MSWIFA中As和Pb的可氧化态转化为残渣态,Ba转化为可还原态,Cd转化为残渣态和可还原态,Zn的残渣态和可氧化态转化为可还原态和酸可溶态,反应后均无重金属毒性浸出的环境风险。展开更多
基金supported in part by Sapienza University grant#C26A15M78W(to IL)
文摘Adverse drug reaction is defined by the World Health Organization as any response to a drug that is noxious and unintended and occurs at a dose normally used in man.Older people are at elevated risk of adverse drug reactions—because of changes in pharmacodynamics,concurrent use of multiple medications and the related drug interactions.However,adverse drug reactions are significantly underestimated in the elderly population that is also exposed to inappropriate drugs.Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic drug used commonly for the treatment of atrial fibrillation and is increasingly prescribed in older people.While amiodarone is an efficient drug for rhythm control,it’s a carrier of different adverse reactions,and pro and cons must be carefully evaluated before its use especially in older people.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation(31471555)National Key Research and Development Project(SQ2018YFD020024)
文摘[Objectives]The antifungal protein HAS1 newly obtained was evaluated for acute toxicity safety in KM mice according to relevant national regulations,so as to eliminate people s concerns about the safety of transgenic plants.[Methods]The acute toxicity of the purified protein HAS1 was observed by intragastric administration of mice,and the poisoning symptoms,poisoning degree,recovery and death were observed.[Results]No abnormal toxicity symptoms were observed in the test group,the vehicle control group and the blank control group.The main tissues and organs were not abnormal in gross anatomy.The average body weight of each group showed an increasing trend compared with before administration at 1,3,7,11 and 14 d after administration.It was found that after giving the purified protein HAS1 to KM mice at a cumulative dose of 64 mg/kg a day,no obvious toxicity was observed in the acute toxicity test,indicating that the test substance was non-toxic by oral administration.[Conclusions]This study provides a basis for further use of the protein and its coding genes.
文摘(2-Hydroxyethyl)ammonium lactates have been prepared by reactions of the corresponding (2-hydroxyethyl) amines with lactic acid and characterized by their 1H NMR, IR, and mass spectra. They have been quantita- tively analyzed by HPLC, and their water contents have been determined by the Karl-Fischer method. The title salts are low-melting solids or viscous liquids, and they belong to the class of polar, hydrophilic ionic liquids. The toxicity and chemical and biological degradation of the synthesized ionic liquids have been evaluated by methods described in European Standards. The measurements showed these ionic liquids to be highly biodegradable and only slightly toxic substances. Condensation reactions of benzaldehyde with ethyl cyanoacetate and with acetophenone have been performed in these materials as solvents. The possibility of simultaneously applying these ionic liquids as both solvents and catalysts for the mentioned reactions has been demonstrated, as well as repeated use of the same ionic liquid for a number of condensation reactions without any purification.
文摘AIM: To evaluate the relationship between thiopu- rine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) polymorphisms and thiopurine-induced adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS: Eligible articles that compared the frequency of TPMT polymorphisms among thiopurine-tolerant and-intolerant adult IBD patients were included. Statistical analysis was performed with Review Manager 5.0. Sub-analysis/sensitivity analysis was also performed. RESULTS: Nine studies that investigated a total of 1309 participants met our inclusion criteria. The inci- dence of TPMT gene mutation was increased 2.93-fold (95% CI: 1.68-5.09, P = 0.0001) and 5.93-fold (95% CI: 2.96-11.88, P < 0.00001), respectively, in IBD patients with thiopurine-induced overall ADRs and bone marrow toxicity (BMT), compared with controls. The OR for TPMT gene mutation in IBD patients withthiopurine-induced hepatotoxicity and pancreatitis was 1.51 (95% CI: 0.54-4.19, P = 0.43) and 1.02 (95% CI: 0.26-3.99, P = 0.98) vs controls, respectively. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis suggests that the TPMT polymorphisms are associated with thiopurine-induced overall ADRs and BMT, but not with hepatotoxicity and pancreatitis.
文摘为实现生活垃圾焚烧飞灰(MSWIFA)资源化利用,采用单因素法和响应面曲线法研究MSWIFA直接湿法矿化固碳性能,获得最大CO_(2)封存率,并采用BCR形态分析及毒性浸出试验评价其矿化前后重金属环境风险。结果表明:随着反应温度、压力、时间及液固比的增大,MSWIFA的CO_(2)封存率先增大后减小,在105℃、2.0 MPa、1.5 h和液固比为20 mL g时最大CO_(2)封存率分别为16.71%,15.80%,15.36%,14.96%;基于响应面曲线法得出的优化反应条件为0.5 MPa、99.19℃、1 h及液固比25 mL g,最大CO_(2)封存率为12.91%;矿化反应后,MSWIFA中As和Pb的可氧化态转化为残渣态,Ba转化为可还原态,Cd转化为残渣态和可还原态,Zn的残渣态和可氧化态转化为可还原态和酸可溶态,反应后均无重金属毒性浸出的环境风险。
