Heat transfer enhanced inorganic phase change material compositing carbon nanotubes for battery thermal management and thermal runaway propagation mitigation

Developing technologies that can be applied simultaneously in battery thermal management(BTM)and thermal runaway(TR)mitigation is significant to improving the safety of lithium-ion battery systems.Inorganic phase change material(PCM)with nonflammability has the potential to achieve this dual function.This study proposed an encapsulated inorganic phase change material(EPCM)with a heat transfer enhancement for battery systems,where Na_(2)HPO_(4)·12H_(2)O was used as the core PCM encapsulated by silica and the additive of carbon nanotube(CNT)was applied to enhance the thermal conductivity.The microstructure and thermal properties of the EPCM/CNT were analyzed by a series of characterization tests.Two different incorporating methods of CNT were compared and the proper CNT adding amount was also studied.After preparation,the battery thermal management performance and TR propagation mitigation effects of EPCM/CNT were further investigated on the battery modules.The experimental results of thermal management tests showed that EPCM/CNT not only slowed down the temperature rising of the module but also improved the temperature uniformity during normal operation.The peak battery temperature decreased from 76℃to 61.2℃at 2 C discharge rate and the temperature difference was controlled below 3℃.Moreover,the results of TR propagation tests demonstrated that nonflammable EPCM/CNT with good heat absorption could work as a TR barrier,which exhibited effective mitigation on TR and TR propagation.The trigger time of three cells was successfully delayed by 129,474 and 551 s,respectively and the propagation intervals were greatly extended as well.

Intra-firm Horizontal Knowledge Transfer Management

Knowledge transfer is widely emphasized as a strategic issue for firm competition. A model for intra-firm horizontal knowledge transfer is proposed to model horizontal knowledge transfer to solve some demerits in current knowledge transfer researches. The concept model of intra-firm horizontal knowledge transfer was described and a framework was provided to define the main components of the transfer process. Horizontal knowledge transfer is that knowledge is transferred from the source to the same hierarchical level recipients as the target. Horizontal knowledge transfer constitutes a strategic area of knowledge management research. However, little is known about the circumstances under which one particular mechanism is the most appropriate. To address these issues, some significant conclusions are drawn concerning knowledge transfer mechanisms in a real-world setting.

Study on Transfer Problem of Contract and Management Right of Agricultural Land in Anhui Province

The status quo and significance of contract and management right transfer of rural land are analyzed,and major problems existed in contract and management right transfer of rural land in Anhui Province are studied,containing unsound transfer market,insufficient flow demand motion,single transfer form,non-standard register,right determination and certificate issuing. On this basis,several policies and suggestions are proposed,such as combining practical use with suitable use of land right determination and certificate issuing,establishing multilayer rural social security system and expanding land management range.

The Transfer of Land Contractual Management Rights in Ethnic Village--A Case Study of Ya'ergou Village in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

Based on field survey in Ya'ergou Village,Yuanzhou District,Guyuan City,the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,we analyze the status quo of the transfer of land contractual management rights in this village,and study the basic information,form,characteristics,and problems concerning the transfer of land contractual management rights in this nationality village.Then corresponding countermeasures are put forward for promoting the transfer of land contractual management rights in ethnic village as follows:strengthening the publicity of the policy in order to improve farmers' ideological understanding;raising the rent in order to promote the transfer of the land contractual management rights;diverting the governmental investment to the talented people within village;consolidating management and resolving disputes in the transfer timely and effectively.

Laparoscopic management of an ectopic pregnancy after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer at CHRACERH:A case report

1.Introduction Initially,in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer(IVF-ET)was designed to solve tubal factors infertility(TFI)by placing the embryo(s)within the uterine cavity.However,in some cases,an ectopic implantation occurs as the embryo can enter the tube.Ectopic pregnancy(EP)is the location of the pregnancy outside the intrauterine cavity.The prevalence of EP following assisted reproductive technology(ART)ranges between 2.1%and 8.6%of all pregnancies and it can reach up to 11%inwomen with tubal factors infertility history.

Empirical Analysis on Transfer and Limitation of Land Contractual Management Right

Existing laws have three limitations on transfer of land contractual management right. The survey of 506 farmer households in Zhejiang,Jiangxi and Guangxi provinces indicates that most farmers have the consistent knowledge of limitation on " transfer being approved by the party giving out the contract in advance" with legislative requirements,but it is not effectively implemented in actual operation. As to limitation on transferee,no matter in cognition of farmers,or in real transfer process,the transferee is not totally limited to farmers engaged in agricultural production and management. For the constraint that the transferor should have stable non-agricultural occupation or stable income source, most farmers agree,but more than half of the farmers have not confirmed the transfer action in practice.

Factors Influencing Technology Transfer for Sustainable Construction Management in Nigeria

The move to embrace sustainable building is an international paradigm with the desire for sustainable development in society. Developing countries, however, are the most susceptible regions to unsustainable development. This study focused on factors influencing Technology Transfer in Construction Management in Nigeria. Questionnaires were applied to collect primary data. A total of 55 registered architectures, quantity surveyors and engineers were interviewed. The data were analyzed and both descriptive and inferential statistics were applied in the study. The findings show that research on sustainability and involvement of stakeholders influence the success of technology transfer. These findings have managerial implications on technology transfer to attain sustained development in the construction industry for many developing countries.

Corporate Governance, Enterprise Risk Management, and Inter-temporal Risk Transfer

This work is an initial attempt to describe the interconnections among corporate governance,enterprise risk management,and the phenomena of inter-firm risk transfer that occurs in combination with firms’income smoothing.Corporate governance is conceived as a set of rules according to which a firm is managed and governed by its top managers.Extant literature on corporate governance has pointed out the benefits of the adoption,at a firm level,of a comprehensive enterprise risk management process.We note that,although such an adoption favors the smoothing of a firm’s income,in smoothing the income a firm,it also gives rise to an inter-temporal transfer of risk from the firm itself to its stakeholders,specifically to suppliers and employees.Such transfer of risk depends on the strength of a firm contractual power and on the structural relationships established by a firm with its stakeholders.We therefore argue that larger-sized organizations affiliated with a business group are likely to smooth income to a greater extent than smaller-sized organizations unaffiliated with a business group.The paper also offers some discussions of the findings and points out some important issues to be addressed in future studies.

Application of Seamless Nursing Management in Emergency-ICU Patient Safety Transfer and Handover

Objective: To analyze the application effect of seamless nursing management in the safe transfer and handover of emergency-ICU patients. Methods: A total of 160 patients admitted to the emergency department-ICU from November 2017 to July 2018 were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group, with 80 patients in each group. Among them, the patients in the control group underwent routine nursing management mode, and the patients in the observation group were treated with seamless nursing, comparing the transfer of the two groups of patients and the satisfaction score of the emergency-ICU nursing staff. Results: The transfer status of the observation group and the satisfaction score of the emergency-ICU nursing staff were significantly better than those of the control group.Conclusion: Seamless nursing management can improve the overall efficiency of transshipment.

Embryo Transfer Strategies for Women with Recurrent Implantation Failure During the Frozen-thawed Embryo Transfer Cycles:Sequential Embryo Transfer or Double-blastocyst Transfer?

Objective Both sequential embryo transfer(SeET)and double-blastocyst transfer(DBT)can serve as embryo transfer strategies for women with recurrent implantation failure(RIF).This study aims to compare the effects of SeET and DBT on pregnancy outcomes.Methods Totally,261 frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles of 243 RIF women were included in this multicenter retrospective analysis.According to different embryo quality and transfer strategies,they were divided into four groups:group A,good-quality SeET(GQ-SeET,n=38 cycles);group B,poor-quality or mixed-quality SeET(PQ/MQ-SeET,n=31 cycles);group C,good-quality DBT(GQ-DBT,n=121 cycles);and group D,poor-quality or mixed-quality DBT(PQ/MQ-DBT,n=71 cycles).The main outcome,clinical pregnancy rate,was compared,and the generalized estimating equation(GEE)model was used to correct potential confounders that might impact pregnancy outcomes.Results GQ-DBT achieved a significantly higher clinical pregnancy rate(aOR 2.588,95%CI 1.267–5.284,P=0.009)and live birth rate(aOR 3.082,95%CI 1.482–6.412,P=0.003)than PQ/MQ-DBT.Similarly,the clinical pregnancy rate was significantly higher in GQ-SeET than in PQ/MQ-SeET(aOR 4.047,95%CI 1.218–13.450,P=0.023).The pregnancy outcomes of GQ-SeET were not significantly different from those of GQ-DBT,and the same results were found between PQ/MQ-SeET and PQ/MQ-DBT.Conclusion SeET relative to DBT did not seem to improve pregnancy outcomes for RIF patients if the embryo quality was comparable between the two groups.Better clinical pregnancy outcomes could be obtained by transferring good-quality embryos,no matter whether in SeET or DBT.Embryo quality plays a more important role in pregnancy outcomes for RIF patients.

Knowledge Transfer and Management Consulting:The Effect of Consultant and Client Characteristics

Knowledge transfer(KT)from the consultant to the client is an important area that needs to be repeatedly addressed and thoroughly understood.The aim of this research was to examine the assumption that client characteristics and consultant competencies play a defining role in the effective transfer of knowledge to the client party.The authors examined the critical aspects and competencies required of the consultant,and the characteristics and attitudes required of the client,which would contribute to a successful transfer of knowledge,through unstructured in-depth interviews and concise questionnaires.Eighty consulting assignments were studied from both the client side and the consultant side.A conceptual model is presented,factor analysis was used to validate the constructs,and partial least squares were used to test the model.The findings showed that the consultants’professionalism,skills,and behavior were significant contributors to KT to the client.Surprisingly,neither the consultant knowledge nor client characteristics had any significance to the KT to the client.

Performance Analysis and Optimization of Energy Harvesting Modulation for Multi-User Integrated Data and Energy Transfer

Integrated data and energy transfer(IDET)enables the electromagnetic waves to transmit wireless energy at the same time of data delivery for lowpower devices.In this paper,an energy harvesting modulation(EHM)assisted multi-user IDET system is studied,where all the received signals at the users are exploited for energy harvesting without the degradation of wireless data transfer(WDT)performance.The joint IDET performance is then analysed theoretically by conceiving a practical time-dependent wireless channel.With the aid of the AO based algorithm,the average effective data rate among users are maximized by ensuring the BER and the wireless energy transfer(WET)performance.Simulation results validate and evaluate the IDET performance of the EHM assisted system,which also demonstrates that the optimal number of user clusters and IDET time slots should be allocated,in order to improve the WET and WDT performance.

Numerical Study on Heat Transfer Characteristic of the Plate-Fin Microchannel Heat Sink for Water-Based Thermal Management of CPU Chip

For effective water-based thermal management of high heat generating CPU chip,a series of numerical simulation has been conducted to study the effects of heat flux,fin height and flow rate on convective thermal performance of the plate-fin microchannel heat sinks.The characteristics of heat transfer and flow resistance have been quantificationally discussed and JF factor is employed to evaluate the comprehensive efficiency of convective heat transfer of microchannel heat sink.Results show that the increase in fin height and flow rate of cooling water is helpful to decrease the maximum temperature of CPU chip.Large flow rate and heat flux and short fin height are benefit to improve Nusselt number Nu,but they lead to large resistance coefficient fRe simultaneously.Analysis of JF factor shows that the microchannel with short fins shows better convective thermal performance when the thermal power of the CPU chip is small.The fins should be heightened when the CPU is operating at higher thermal power.The employment of JF factor in the present work shows its pertinence and convenience in the application of design of microchannel heat sink.

Assessment of Available Transfer Capability for Congestion Management in Restructured Electrical Power Network for Competent Operation

Congestion is the prime cause of problems, due to open access of power system. The AC Power Transmission Congestion Distribution factor (PTCDF) is suitable for computing change in any line quantity for a change in MW bilateral transaction. The proposed PTCDF method is more accurate as compared to the DC power distribution factor. With PTCDF ATC can be calculated. After calculating ATC it is possible to know the valid multiple transaction on power system. With the help of ATC calculations congestion problem can be solved in restructured electrical power network. The paper presents the method for calculating ATC using PTCDF.

Selective and Adaptive Incremental Transfer Learning with Multiple Datasets for Machine Fault Diagnosis

The visions of Industry 4.0 and 5.0 have reinforced the industrial environment.They have also made artificial intelligence incorporated as a major facilitator.Diagnosing machine faults has become a solid foundation for automatically recognizing machine failure,and thus timely maintenance can ensure safe operations.Transfer learning is a promising solution that can enhance the machine fault diagnosis model by borrowing pre-trained knowledge from the source model and applying it to the target model,which typically involves two datasets.In response to the availability of multiple datasets,this paper proposes using selective and adaptive incremental transfer learning(SA-ITL),which fuses three algorithms,namely,the hybrid selective algorithm,the transferability enhancement algorithm,and the incremental transfer learning algorithm.It is a selective algorithm that enables selecting and ordering appropriate datasets for transfer learning and selecting useful knowledge to avoid negative transfer.The algorithm also adaptively adjusts the portion of training data to balance the learning rate and training time.The proposed algorithm is evaluated and analyzed using ten benchmark datasets.Compared with other algorithms from existing works,SA-ITL improves the accuracy of all datasets.Ablation studies present the accuracy enhancements of the SA-ITL,including the hybrid selective algorithm(1.22%-3.82%),transferability enhancement algorithm(1.91%-4.15%),and incremental transfer learning algorithm(0.605%-2.68%).These also show the benefits of enhancing the target model with heterogeneous image datasets that widen the range of domain selection between source and target domains.

Current state and influencing factors in airbag management among emergency department nurses:A multicenter study

BACKGROUND The emergency department(ED)plays a critical role in establishing artificial airways and implementing mechanical ventilation.Managing airbags in the ED presents a prime opportunity to mitigate the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia.Nonetheless,existing research has largely overlooked the understanding,beliefs,and practical dimensions of airway airbag management among ED nurses,with a predominant focus on intensive care unit nurses.AIM To investigate the current status of ED nurses'knowledge,beliefs,and practical behaviors in airway airbag management and their influencing factors.METHODS A survey was conducted from July 10th to August 10th,2023,using convenience sampling on 520 ED nurses from 15 tertiary hospitals and 5 sary hospitals in Shanghai.Pathway analysis was utilized to analyze the influencing factors.RESULTS The scores for ED nurses'airway airbag management knowledge were 60.26±23.00,belief was 88.65±13.36,and behavior was 75.10±19.84.The main influencing factors of airbag management knowledge included participation in specialized nurse or mechanical ventilation training,department,and work experience in the department.Influencing factors of airbag management belief comprised knowledge,department,and participation in specialized nurse or mechanical ventilation training.Primary influencing factors of airbag management behavior included knowledge,belief,department,participation in specialized nurse or mechanical ventilation training,and professional title.The belief in airbag management among ED nurses acted as a partial mediator between knowledge and behavior,with a total effect value of 0.513,and an indirect effect of 0.085,constituting 16.6%of the total effect.CONCLUSION ED nurses exhibit a positive attitude toward airbag management with relatively standardized practices,yet there remains room for improvement in their knowledge levels.Nursing managers should implement interventions tailored to the characteristics of ED nurses'airbag management knowledge,beliefs,and practices to enhance their airbag management proficiency.

Improving Heat Transfer in Parabolic Trough Solar Collectors by Magnetic Nanofluids

A parabolic trough solar collector(PTSC)converts solar radiation into thermal energy.However,low thermal efficiency of PTSC poses a hindrance to the deployment of solar thermal power plants.Thermal performance of PTSC is enhanced in this study by incorporating magnetic nanoparticles into the working fluid.The circular receiver pipe,with dimensions of 66 mm diameter,2 mm thickness,and 24 m length,is exposed to uniform temperature and velocity conditions.The working fluid,Therminol-66,is supplemented with Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles at concentrations ranging from 1%to 4%.The findings demonstrate that the inclusion of nanoparticles increases the convective heat transfer coefficient(HTC)of the PTSC,with higher nanoparticle volume fractions leading to greater heat transfer but increased pressure drop.The thermal enhancement factor(TEF)of the PTSC is positively affected by the volume fraction of nanoparticles,both with and without a magnetic field.Notably,the scenario with a 4%nanoparticle volume fraction and a magnetic field strength of 250 G exhibits the highest TEF,indicating superior thermal performance.These findings offer potential avenues for improving the efficiency of PTSCs in solar thermal plants by introducing magnetic nanoparticles into the working fluid.

Intelligent Decision-Making in Warehouse Management: How AI Automation Improves Inventory Tracking, Order Fulfillment, and Logistics Efficiency Compared to Drone Technology

This paper analyzes how artificial intelligence (AI) automation can improve warehouse management compared to emerging technologies like drone usage. Specifically, we evaluate AI’s impact on crucial warehouse functions—inventory tracking, order fulfillment, and logistics efficiency. Our findings indicate AI automation enables real-time inventory visibility, optimized picking routes, and dynamic delivery scheduling, which drones cannot match. AI better leverages data insights for intelligent decision-making across warehouse operations, supporting improved productivity and lower operating costs.

Optimization Management of Industrial Organizations Based on Performance Indicators

This paper proposes an intelligent management system (IMS) to help managers in their delicate and tedious task of exploiting the plethora of data (indicators) contained in management dashboards. This system is based on intelligent agents, ontologies and data mining. It is implemented by PASSI (Process for Agent Societies Specification and Implementation) methods for agent design and implementation, the Methodology for Knowledge Modeling and Hot-Winters for data prediction. Intelligent agents not only track indicators but also store the knowledge of managers within the company. Ontologies are used to manage the representation and presentation aspects of knowledge. Data mining makes it possible to: make the most of all available data;model the industrial process of data selection, exploration and modeling;and transform behaviors into predictive indicators. An instance of the IMS named SYGISS, currently in operation within a large brewery organization, allows us to observe very interesting results: the extraction of indicators is done in less than 5 minutes whereas manual extraction used to take 14 days;the generation of dashboards is instantaneous whereas it used to take 12 hours;the interpretation of indicators is instantaneous whereas it used to take a day;forecasts are possible and are done in less than 5 minutes whereas they did not exist with the old management. These important contributions help to optimize the management of this organization.

Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste Management in the Farmgate Area of Dhaka North City Corporation

This investigation is focused on conducting a thorough analysis of Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM). MSWM encompasses a range of interdisciplinary measures that govern the various stages involved in managing unwanted or non-utilizable solid materials, commonly known as rubbish, trash, junk, refuse, and garbage. These stages include generation, storage, collection, recycling, transportation, handling, disposal, and monitoring. The waste materials mentioned in this context exhibit a wide range of items, such as organic waste from food and vegetables, paper, plastic, polyethylene, iron, tin cans, deceased animals, byproducts from demolition activities, manure, and various other discarded materials. This study aims to provide insights into the possibilities of enhancing solid waste management in the Farmgate area of Dhaka North City Corporation (DNCC). To accomplish this objective, the research examines the conventional waste management methods employed in this area. It conducts extensive field surveys, collecting valuable data through interviews with local residents and key individuals involved in waste management, such as waste collectors, dealers, intermediate dealers, recyclers, and shopkeepers. The results indicate that significant amounts of distinct waste categories are produced daily. These include food and vegetable waste, which amount to 52.1 tons/day;polythene and plastic, which total 4.5 tons/day;metal and tin-can waste, which amounts to 1.4 tons/day;and paper waste, which totals 5.9 tons/day. This study highlights the significance of promoting environmental consciousness to effectively shape the attitudes of urban residents toward waste disposal and management. It emphasizes the need for collaboration between authorities and researchers to improve the current waste management system.