Risks in the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements concerning Tropical Agriculture

The transformation of scientific and technological achievements concerning tropical agriculture has the characteristics of high risk and high return. Based on the characteristics of transformation of scientific and technological achievements concerning tropical agriculture,this paper analyzes the risk factors during the transformation of scientific and technological achievements concerning tropical agriculture. In accordance with the current situation of low transformation rate of scientific and technological achievements concerning tropical agriculture in China,this paper proposes the measures to avoid the risks in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements concerning tropical agriculture and enhance the transformation rate of scientific and technological achievements concerning tropical agriculture.

Design Index and Empirical Analysis of the Evaluation Index System for the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements of Universities in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei

Promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements of universities and colleges in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei is an important measure to enhance the level of scientific and technological development in universities, enhance the scientific and technological synergy of Beijing-Tianjiii-Hebei urban agglomeration, practice the coordinated development strategy of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, and promote the construction of Xiong'an New District. Based on the scientific and technological input of colleges and universities, the development of science and technology and the output of science and technology, this paper uses Delphi and AHP to construct a Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei University Science and Technology Achievement Transformation Performance Evaluation System from the perspectives of transformation potentials, scientific research activities and achievements transformation of university scientific and technological achievements. An empirical analysis was carried out to provide reference for the government's efficient decision-making and improvement of strategies for transforming scientific and technological achievements in universities.

Three Project of PRCO Passed Appraisal of Scientific and Technological Achievements

On Dec. 15, 2013, three projects ＂ R ＆ D and Application of Long Life Submerged Entry Nozzle lbr Oxygen- and Manganese-rich Steel＂, ＂ R ＆ D and Application of Long Life Slag Line MgO-C Bricks for VD Refining Ladle＂ and ＂ R ＆ D and Application of Al2O3-SiC Gunning Castables＂ of Puyang Refractories Group Co., Ltd. passed the appraisal of scientific and technological achievements organized by Henan Bureau of Science and Technology.

Theoretical Model on Transformation Factors of Scientific and Technological Achievements under the Belt and Road Initiative

With the continuous deepening of the Belt and Road Initiative,the countries involved are increasingly connected in the field of science and technology.Based on the transformation theory of scientific and technological(S&T)achievements,this study establishes a theoretical model of transformation factors of S&T achievements under the Belt and Road Initiative.Combined with the data analysis from questionnaire,it is found that in S&T achievements transformation process,there is a significant positive correlation between the innovation factors and the transfer factors,between the transfer factors and the diffusion factors,and between the diffusion factors and the transformation results.These conclusions provide reference for the subsequent S&T achievements transformation activities under the Belt and Road Initiative.Therefore,in the process of promoting the transformation of S&T achievements under the Belt and Road Initiative in the future,innovation factors such as information innovation,service innovation,and cooperative innovation should be fully reflected.Relevant agencies should take the transfer factors of S&T achievements as guidance;promote and apply the results of incubation through diffusion media and diffusion channels.

The role of agricultural mechanization technology in the promotion of scientific and technological achievements in agriculture

Agricultural mechanization is to the use advanced and applicable agricultural machinery and equipment in agriculture to improve agricultural production conditions, and continuously improve the production technology and economic, ecological processes of agriculture. The level of agricultural science and technology depends largely on the degree of agricultural mechanization promotion. An agricultural country level depends on the degree of modern agricultural mechanization level of the application, and the era of mechanization in agriculture can not only save a lot of labor, reduce labor intensity, but also improve labor efficiency, and enhance resistance to natural disasters. The importance of agricultural mechanization technology in the scientific and technological achievements in agriculture is visible.

Influences of Popularization of Scientific and Technological Achievements in Sports Universities from the Perspective of Healthy China

Colleges and universities are an important position for training excellent talents. The proposal of "Healthy China" strategy putsforward higher requirements for College Physical Education teaching. At the same time, the popularization of scientific andtechnological achievements in sports colleges and universities has also resulted in one. Therefore, the author studies the impact ofthe popularization of scientific and technological achievements in sports colleges and universities from the perspective of healthyChina. College physical education should be guided by the "healthy China" strategic goal, change the teaching concept, improvethe teacher's own quality, reform the curriculum and evaluation system, cultivate students' health awareness and exercise habits,and then improve the overall quality of students' sports. It can promote the further development of the popularization of scientificand technological achievements in universities.

Two Projects of Sinosteel LIRR Passed Appraisal of Scientific and Technological Achievements in Henan Province

On Dec.30, 2013, projects ＂R ＆ D and Application of Long Life MoSi2 Heating Unit in Corroded Atmosphere＂ and ＂ R ＆ D and Applicalion of New Sell-bonded SiC Materials for Aluminum Electrolysis Cell＂ of Sinosteel LIRR passed the appraisal of scientific and technological achievements organized by Henan Bureau of Science and Technology.

油气企业科技创新人才价值溯源分成评估

科技创新是发展新质生产力的核心力量,而科技创新人才是创新过程中的第一要素。作为油气生产的主要参与主体,油气企业要实现高水平科技自立自强,归根结底要依靠拥有高水平创新能力的人才队伍。为了激发科技人才创新活力动力,在人才价值创造与评估现状分析的基础上,依据生产全要素视角下的科技创新价值分享理论与方法,建立了油气企业科技创新人才价值溯源分成评估方法。研究结果表明:(1)油气企业科技创新是一个系统性的复杂过程,匹配油气企业科技创新特征、具有产业适应性的人才价值评估理论与方法较少;(2)油气企业科技创新人才价值溯源分成,是以油气科技创新成果经济价值评估结果为前提对参与成果创造的团队和个人按照实际贡献进行价值追溯与量化的过程,需要通过对单项科技创新成果经济价值溯源和科技创新成果完成人价值溯源两次溯源来实现;(3)以创新成果为导向的科技创新人才价值贡献率是人才价值溯源分成的核心参数,由完成人参与度、完成人创新度、完成人贡献度为内容的综合评估指标体系共同确定。结论认为,该方法为加快建立以创新价值、业绩、贡献为导向的人才评价体系提供了参考,能够有效解决人才在油气科技创新活动中的经济价值量化问题,对推动高水平科技自立自强有现实意义。

Consider Science, Technology, Environment and Human Rights as a Whole to Achieve Scientific Development

The 18th National Congress of CPC, which concluded not long ago, put forward the ambitious goal ofcompletely building up a better-off society by 2020. Since the reform and opening of 1978, especially in the past decade, the human rights construction of China has made enormous achievements. The complete building up of a better-off society requires taking comprehensive consideration of many aspects, such as the economy, politics, culture,

基于网络效应与行动者效应的专利转让及受让行为研究

专利交易是技术创新扩散的主要渠道,是实现科技成果转化的有效途径。研究专利转让与受让行为可以识别影响专利交易的主要因素,为政府制定技术交易政策提供科学依据。以2002—2019年中国集成电路产业专利转让记录作为数据源,利用Siena模型,结合网络效应和行动者效应,对专利转让与受让行为影响因素进行实证检验。研究发现:①专利技术交易以单向交易为主,随着集成电路产业从萌芽阶段步入成长阶段,产业内技术交易主体增加,网络规模扩大,网络信息传输效率有所提升,但仍处于较低水平;②网络初期产生的锁定效应明显得以缓解,技术交易网络内组织社团化特征明显,技术交易社团规模呈扩张态势且社团内紧密程度不断提高;③网络效应方面,转让者更倾向于与技术交易伙伴进行交易,频繁发生受让行为的企业会吸引更多新的交易伙伴,企业间不存在明显的互惠交易;④行动者效应方面,随着产业进入成长阶段,成熟企业更倾向于专利转让行为,初创企业更倾向于专利受让行为,占据高结构洞位置的企业更倾向于专利转让行为。企业间技术创新能力差距越小越容易发生技术交易,企业倾向于选择同一国别或同一企业集团内伙伴进行交易。

科技成果转化新路径和新模式的探索:国内外技术转移概念验证中心的建设启示

[研究目的]概念验证是技术转移机构核心职能之一,可弥补早期科技成果与可进行市场化成果之间的空白,提高科技成果转化效率。[研究方法]就概念验证在科技成果转化技术创新链中所处的位置、特点详细阐明,对国内代表性城市概念验证中心建设、发布政策情况开展梳理与研究。[研究结论]在借鉴国外概念验证中心建设的具体举措基础上,针对我国概念验证在科技成果转化链条中的薄弱点与瓶颈制约提出对策建议,以进一步促进科技成果向现实新质生产力转化、让创新成果更快更好落地。

斯坦福大学科技成果高效转化的运行机制研究

推动大学科技成果走出实验室,将科技成果与经济发展紧密结合,使其转化为社会发展的推动力,是提升国家创新能力和竞争力的关键所在。斯坦福大学作为美国高校开展科技成果转化的先驱和当代美国大学技术转移标准模式的首创者,其成熟、专业且高效的科技成果转化机制不仅成为行业的典范,也为我国大学科技成果转化提供了参考与借鉴。

科技成果转化农学创新综合实验的探索与实践

探索将科技成果“香稻增香增产栽培技术”转化为农学专业的综合实验,形成“香稻增香增产栽培技术应用与香气测定分析”创新综合实验,包括了田间实验设计、田间调查与取样、室内测定与分析、实验报告撰写等环节的实验教学体系。通过多途径强化创新能力。综合实验的实施有利于调动新农科学生的科研热情,增强科研创新素质和实践能力,实现推动卓越农林人才培养的目标。

协同创新驱动科技成果转化效率提升的多元路径与异质性研究

科技成果转化是实施创新驱动发展战略的重要任务,协同创新是提升科技成果转化效率的关键举措。本文从投入、产出、环境、互动四个层面构建协同创新影响科技成果转化效率的理论框架,以中国30个省份为样本,运用模糊集定性比较分析法探究协同创新驱动科技成果转化效率提升的多元实现路径与区域异质性。研究发现:①单个协同创新要素不构成科技成果高转化效率的必要条件,但科研激励强度作为核心要素对提升科技成果转化效率具有普适作用;②协同创新驱动科技成果转化效率提升的组态有三种,可归纳为科研环境驱动型和科研经费保障下的激励型两条实现路径,且前者包含案例最多;③科技成果非高转化效率并非高转化效率的对立面,科研素质不高是产生非高转化效率的重要因素;④异质性分析表明,科研环境、科研产出、科研素质分别对东、中、西部地区提升科技成果转化效率具有关键作用,科研投入和科研素质缺失则具有普遍不利影响。

大学科技园建设医学科技成果转化生态体系的实践探索——以首都医科大学科技园为例

医学科技成果转化需要基础医学科学家、临床医生以及医药企业的紧密协作,大学科技园作为成果转化中连接科研端和产业端的角色,能够为创新医疗器械与新药研发供给科技成果和创意,建立医学科技成果评价标准衡量成果价值,并以概念验证检验医学科技成果转化有效性,同时还能够为医学科技成果转化提供人才支撑。为此,首都医科大学科技园依托首都医科大学及其21家附属医院的医疗资源和科研优势,深度整合国内外医学科技及医疗产业资源,打造“创新成果+专业技术平台+科技中介机构+医学转化研究所+产业化基地”的成果转化生态链,建立校、地、医、企等多方参与的新型转化生态体系,形成从成果到产品再到临床应用的转化医学闭环。首都医科大学科技园在新型组织架构下,在实践中不断拓展服务内容、创新服务方式,探索出科技成果转化服务、专业技术服务、技术经理人队伍建设、科技成果评价标准制定等一系列工作机制和模式,打造形成医学科技成果转化“一站式”专业服务体系。首都医科大学科技园的实践经验可为有关医学科技成果转化体系建设和运营提供参考借鉴。

人才计划激发高层次科技人才的成就动机吗?

面对人才计划是激励了科技人才,还是诱发了科技人才急功近利、心浮气躁的争议,本文系统梳理了人才计划选育人才特点和实践过程中存在的功能异化问题,构建了包含成就动机的科技人才激励理论模型分析框架,并使用全国科技工作者调查数据和倾向得分匹配方法,实证检验人才计划激励高层次科技人才成就动机的净效应。结果表明:①人才计划的特点是强调以人为本,旨在培养和提高科技人才的创新研究能力,鼓励人才自由探索和根本创新,但实施过程中存在政策工具的过度使用、薪酬待遇和资源的过度倾斜等问题;②适度科研经费支持有助于强化科技人才的成就动机,而过度强调绩效激励则可能产生挤出效应;③入选人才计划对高层次科技人才成就动机的激发作用是显著的,在继续推进人才计划支持方式的同时应正视弊端、系统谋划。

科技成果转化能力测度评价及政策优化研究——以西藏自治区为例

基于2012-2021年西藏自治区科技成果转化能力相关数据,采用熵值法和多目标线性加权函数法对西藏自治区科技成果转化研发能力、科技成果转化产业化能力、科技成果转化支撑能力、科技成果转化保障能力及科技成果转化能力进行了测度与评价。结果表明:1西藏自治区科技成果转化支撑能力指数>科技成果转化保障能力指数>科技成果研发能力指数>科技成果转化能力指数>科技成果产业化能力指数;2西藏自治区科技成果研发能力、科技成果保障能力及科技成果转化能力曲线呈现先上升后下降再上升趋势,科技成果转化产业化曲线呈现W形波动上升趋势,科技成果转化支撑能力曲线呈现M形波动上升趋势;3受研发人才、研发经费、产业化水平、金融支持、财政支持、经济发展、生产水平等不同因素的影响,西藏自治区科技成果转化能力及其各子系统均受到不同程度的影响。

基于中华医学科技奖的我国医院科技成果转化现状分析及思考

目的/意义阐述我国医院科技成果转化及应用现状,为医院临床研究及成果转化工作提供参考。方法/过程以2015—2021年度医院主持获得的502项中华医学科技奖为分析对象,通过科学计量法对医院主持获奖等级、医院类型、区域及主题分布等方面进行分析。结果/结论三级医院、高校附属医院是医院科技研究及成果转化的核心力量;各区域临床研究及转化水平仍存在较大差异,亟须加强跨层级跨区域科技合作,提升成果转化效率;现有研究主要聚焦于我国发病率或死亡率较高的疾病领域,符合实际临床需求,但在重大突发公共卫生事件、罕见病等领域仍有待进一步布局。

高水平院校科技成果培育与转化路径

作为科技创新的重要阵地,高水平院校在科技成果培育与转化方面扮演着重要角色。为提高科技成果培育与转化的效率,高水平院校可以强化科研团队建设、营造良好的科技创新氛围、加强科研合作与交流、深化产学研合作、加强科技成果培育与孵化、完善科技成果评价与推广机制及搭建科技成果转化平台,最大化利用科研成果,将科研成果转化为实际生产力,推动科技创新与产业升级,为国家科技创新和经济发展作出更大的贡献。

高校科技成果转化相关法律风险实证分析

我国高校作为科技创新的重要供给主体,在国家法律法规激励下同时也是科技成果转化的主力军,然而我国高校科技成果转化率却不容乐观。影响高校科技成果转化率的因素众多,其中法律风险处于重要地位。本文抓住高校科技成果的知识产权属性,从知识产权的确权、交易、保护过程入手,以目前我国高校存在的转化模式以及具体的转化方式为着力点,对其中存在的法律风险进行分析,主要得出三个方面的法律风险:权属分割过程中的知识产权法律风险、价值评估过程中的知识产权法律风险和高校科技成果保护过程中的知识产权法律风险。最后,提出相关对策,包括:明确高校科技成果所有权归属及分割比例、选择适当的价值评估方式、建立健全本单位技术秘密保护制度等。