Research on Localized English Education for Transnational Left-behind Children in the Context of English Global Localization: A Case Study of Wenzhou Overseas Chinese Hometown

With the increasing development of English globalization,the trend of combining English with local cultures has become more evident.This research focuses on five schools in the Wenzhou overseas Chinese hometown to investigate the current status of English education from the perspectives of teachers,students,and textbooks.The aim was to propose bilingual education strategies for the education of transnational left-behind children(TLC).By examining the situation of English education in this specific context,this study sought to address the unique challenges faced by TLC and provide effective educational approaches.Interviews,observations,and document analysis were employed to gather data by means of questionnaire research methods.The findings of this study settled on the improvement of bilingual education for TLC and insights into enhancing English education in multicultural settings.

Practice and Outlook of China's Regulation on the Extraterritorial Human Rights Responsibilities of Transnational Corporations

As China’s overseas investment and business operations continue to expand,the issue of human rights risks faced by Chinese transnational corporations abroad has attracted sustained attention from society.In recent years,China has enacted a series of laws,regulations,and policies to better regulate the overseas business conduct of transnational corporations,urging them to respect the human rights of the people in host countries and fulfill their social responsibilities to achieve sustainable development.Meanwhile,China has actively participated in the formulation of the Legally Binding Instrument on Activities of Transnational Corporations and Other Business Enterprises in International Human Rights Law,providing a Chinese solution to promote global governance of transnational corporations.However,in practice,the lack of institutional mechanisms,systems,and industry rules to supervise and guide transnational enterprises in fulfilling their human rights responsibilities,as well as the limited awareness of human rights risks among these enterprises,have resulted in ongoing human rights risks in their overseas business operations,particularly regarding labor rights and environmental rights.In response,China should take its national conditions into consideration and focus on the development trends of human rights issues in the business sector at the international level.Drawing on the experiences of other countries,China should explore and establish institutional and practical measures to regulate the human rights responsibilities of transnational enterprises through legislation,administration,and judiciary actions,in order to address the risks and challenges faced by Chinese enterprises in foreign investments and contribute to the sustainable development of the world and global human rights governance.

Spatial Patterns of LULC and Driving Forces in the Transnational Area of Tumen River:A Comparative Analysis of the Sub-regions of China,the DPRK,and Russia

Understanding the spatial patterns of land-use and land-cover(LULC)and their driving forces in transnational areas is important for the sustainable development of these regions.However,the spatial patterns of LULC and their driving forces across multiple scales are poorly understood in transnational areas.In this study,we analyzed the spatial patterns of LULC and driving forces in the transnational area of Tumen River(TATR)in 2016 across two scales:the entire region and the sub-regions of China,the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea(DPRK),and Russia.Results showed that the LULC was dominated by broadleaf forest and dry farmland in the TATR in 2016,which accounted for 66.86%and 13.60%of the entire region,respectively.Meanwhile,the LULC in the three sub-regions exhibited noticeable differences.In the Chinese and the DPRK’s sub-regions,the area of broadleaf forest was greater than those for the other LULC types,while the Russian sub-region was dominated by broadleaf forest and grassland.The spatial patterns of LULC were mainly influenced by topography,climate,soil properties,and human activities.In addition,the driving forces of the spatial patterns of LULC in the TATR had an obvious scaling effect.Therefore,we suggest that effective policies and regulations with cooperation among China,the DPRK,and Russia are needed to plan the spatial patterns of LULC and improve the sustainable development of the TATR.

Branding of Germany’s Transnational Education and its Potentials in the Arabian Gulf Region

Transnational education(TNE),responding to the growing global demand for education,plays a fundamental role in the current debate on the internationalisation and globalisation of higher education.Conducting a systematic literature review,this paper examines the characteristics of German transnational education,which has little in common with the American and British models,the reasons for its limited presence in the Gulf and its potential for having a stronger footprint.Since education for Germany is a public good,financial gain has never been a decisive factor for German universities to venture abroad.Whilst the Gulf Region is the largest importer of foreign education,German TNE is only represented by one university there,compared to the overwhelming number of US,UK and Australian higher education institutions.Although the Gulf Region is considered as a lucrative and appealing market for foreign education,lack of engagement of German TNE there could be interpreted through public policy-related reasons.Since Germany has already established its footprint in creating a unique brand of TNE,the paper recommends to build upon the country’s expertise in low-risk option for Germany to invest in the Gulf.For this to materialise,Germany must build awareness of its unique brand to stand out among the competition.

The challenges for small and medium-sizedtransnational companies in China

This paper discusses the challenges for small and medium-sized transnational companies in China, because they have no international experience and need to preparemore in China.

Extraterritorial Application of International Human Rights Conventions——From the Perspective of States Regulating the Extraterritorial Human Rights Obligations of Transnational Corporations

The extraterritorial application of international human rights conventions is the legal basis for states to regulate the extraterritorial human rights obligations of transnational corporations.In recent years,it has been increasingly challenged by the new trend of the United Nations governing the human rights responsibilities of transnational corporations.A study of existing international rules and practices shows that the extraterritorial application of international human rights conventions depends on the extraterritorial jurisdiction of the States Parties,which mainly includes the actual control over extraterritorial territories and individuals as well as the execution of authority outside the territories.In view of the above,if human rights violations by individuals or transnational corporations occur in areas outside their home territories or are authorized and orchestrated by the home state,the home state shall bear the corresponding human rights responsibilities.Given the restrictive scope of the abovementioned extraterritorial application of international human rights conventions,the international cooperation obligation and the"do no harm"principle may become a new legal basis for states to fulfill their extraterritorial human rights obligations in the future,thereby expanding the basis for the extraterritorial application of international human rights conventions to deal with more serious issues of human rights violations by transnational corporations.However,on the whole,the current identification and codification of states regulating the extraterritorial human rights obligations of transnational corporations should respect the existing rules of international human rights law and should not add any new human rights obligations on states.

Marketing of Transnational Maize Seed Enterprises from the Perspective of Customer Equity

Customer is important equity of an enterprise. Customer equity is the total combined customer lifetime values of all of the company's customers. In the context of invasion of transnational seed companies,how to cope with huge crisis and challenge is a problem to be solved by national companies and government. From the perspective of customer equity driving factors and sub-driving factors,this paper made an empirical study on transnational and national maize seed enterprises using principal component analysis( PCA). Results indicated that the driving factors for customer equity of national and transnational maize seed enterprises are basically similar,while there are large differences in ranking of importance of principal components. Besides,there are great differences in sub-driving factors of customer equity.

Analysis of TEDA's Present Situation in Drawing Capital from Transnational Corporations and Its Measures

Ⅰ. The present Situation of Transnational Corporations’ Investment in TEDA (1 ) General situation Since its founding ten years ago, especially since 1992. TEDA has achieved encouraging successesin undertaking major projects. drawing the attention of leading consortia, omnibearingly solicitingbusiness and drawing foreign capital. By September 30, 1994, TEDA had approved 2054 solely for-

How Long Can Chinese Enterprises Become Famous Transnational Ones

Entry into WTO means that Chinese enterprises, which were deeply influenced by planned economy, will scramble for profits with those world famous transnational companies of strong strength. Facing such competitive situation, how can China cultivate more famous and strong Chinese transnational companies on the international market? This is a question for many economists and enterprisers to make serious research.

China＇s Digital Economy Paves the Way for the ＂New Fashion＂ of Transnational Investment

The volume of e-commerce trade is surging,mobile pay-ment is taking over the world,and the sharing economy is a worldwide phenomenon.In recent years,China has made remarkable achieve-ments in the digital economy domain,which has garnered attention from a wide range of sources.During the recently held Chinese enterprises’transnational investment seminar,the digital economy was also a popular topic.Dusan Bella,Ambassador of

Broad Prospects for Transnational Companies in China

China’s deepening economic reform has started a new upsurge of development, providing a broad investment market for foreign industrial enterprises and finance circles, especially those transnational companies with advantages of high technology and scale. Asia and the Pacific are the focal point for world economic

Beijing in Favor of Transnational Investment

A ccording to the Beijing Municipal Foreign Economic Relations and Trade Commission, the number of certified regional headquarters of transnational companies in Beijing had reached 20 by August, and in the first seven months of this year utilized foreign investment in the city amounted to US $3.3 billion. This year Yamaha, Sony-Ericsson and British Petroleum entered Beijing,

Risk assessment of transnational oil investment in Central Asia using a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method

Central Asia(including five countries:Kazakhstan,Kyrgyzstan,Turkmenistan,Uzbekistan,and Tajikistan)is rich in oil reserves and has become one of the most important target regions for global oil investment.The construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt has prompted Central Asia to look outwards for more collaborations in the oil industry.China's need for oil investment in Central Asia has also increased significantly.This research established a comprehensive index system for assessing the risks of transnational oil investment in Central Asia.The system incorporated political,regulatory,economic,social,and infrastructural indices.Based on the Delphi method and fuzzy comprehension evaluation method,we qualitatively and quantitatively assessed and analyzed the risks of transnational oil investment in Central Asia.The results indicate that the risk score for regulatory risk was highest with the value of 6.1670,indicating a high risk level in transnational oil investment,followed by economic,social,political,and infrastructural risk indices.Of the 18 secondary risk indices calculated,there were seven indices with the probability of high risk occurrence exceeded 30.0%and the descending order was as follows:establishment of mining rights;host country intervention in operations;taxing system;stability of regulations;war and turmoil;labor capital;and ethnic,cultural,and religious differences.These seven critical risks should be watched closely and avoided during transnational oil investment in Central Asia.This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the potential risks of investing oil in Central Asia.The findings demonstrate the causes of these risks and provide a scientific basis for reasonably avoiding oil investment risk and improving investment benefits for both host and investing countries.

New Developments and Challenges in the UN Norms on Human Rights Responsibilities of Transnational Corporations

With the adoption of the"Legally Binding Instrument to Regulate,in International Human Rights Law,the Activities of Transnational Corporations and other Business Enterprises"and its revised draft,the codification of the human rights responsibilities of transnational corporations has entered a new era The instrument aims to supplement the shortcomings of transnational corporations in fulfilling their human rights responsibilities by strengthening the obligations of states and to improve the host country’s inadequate remedies for human rights violations by establishing extraterritorial human rights jurisdiction of home countries But the instrument has encountered various challenges because the human rights obligations and legal responsibilities of states go beyond the current domestic human rights systems and impact the existing theories and practices of international human rights law In order to resolve the differences among countries,the future codification of the instrument should be based on existing domestic and international legal systems and practices striking a balance between the interests of developing and developed countries,taking into account the objectives of both the fair treatment of transnational corporations and human rights protection,to promote the regulatory effect of the human rights responsibilities of transnational corporations.

Unveiling Global Human Trafficking Trends: A Comprehensive Analysis

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of global human trafficking trends over a twenty-year period, leveraging a robust dataset from the Counter Trafficking Data Collaborative (CTDC). The study unfolds in a systematic manner, beginning with a detailed data collection phase, where ethical and legal standards for data usage and privacy are strictly observed. Following collection, the data undergoes a rigorous preprocessing stage, involving cleaning, integration, transformation, and normalization to ensure accuracy and consistency for analysis. The analytical phase employs time-series analysis to delineate historical trends and utilizes predictive modeling to forecast future trajectories of human trafficking using the advanced analytical capabilities of Power BI. A comparative analysis across regions—Africa, the Americas, Asia, and Europe—is conducted to identify and visualize the distribution of human trafficking, dissecting the data by victim demographics, types of exploitation, and duration of victimization. The findings of this study not only offer a descriptive and predictive outlook on trafficking patterns but also provide insights into the regional nuances that influence these trends. The article underscores the prevalence and persistence of human trafficking, identifies factors contributing to its evolution, and discusses the implications for policy and law enforcement. By integrating a methodological approach with quantitative analysis, this research contributes to the strategic planning and resource allocation for combating human trafficking. It highlights the necessity for continued research and international cooperation to effectively address and mitigate this global issue. The implications of this research are significant, offering actionable insights for policymakers, law enforcement, and advocates in the ongoing battle against human trafficking.

Spatial patterns of net primary productivity and its driving forces:a multi-scale analysis in the transnational area of the Tumen River

Analyzing the spatial patterns of net primary productivity(NPP)and its driving forces in transnational areas provides a solid basis for understanding regional ecological processes and ecosystem services.However,the spatial patterns of NPP and its driving forces have been poorly understood on multiple scales in transnational areas.In this study,the spatial patterns of NPP in the transnational area of the Tumen River(TATR)in 2016 were simulated using the Carnegie Ames Stanford Approach(CASA)model,and its driving forces were analyzed using a stepwise multiple linear regression model.We found that the total amount of NPP in the TATR in 2016 was approximately 14.53 TgC.The amount of NPP on the Chinese side(6.23 TgC)was larger than those on the other two sides,accounting for 42.88%of the total volume of the entire region.Among different land-use and land-cover(LULC)types,the amount of NPP of the broadleaf forest was the largest(11.22 TgC),while the amount of NPP of the bare land was the smallest.The NPP per unit area was about 603.21 gC/(m2 yr)across the entire region,while the NPP per unit area on the Chinese side was the largest,followed by the Russian side and the DPRK's side.The spatial patterns of NPP were influenced by climate,topography,soil texture,and human activities.In addition,the driving forces of the spatial patterns of NPP in the TATR had an obvious scaling effect,which was mainly caused by the spatial heterogeneity of climate,topography,soil texture,and human activities.We suggest that effective land management policies with cooperation among China,the DPRK,and Russia are needed to maintain NPP and improve environmental sustainability in the TATR.

New Development Trends of Contemporary Transnational Corporations

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On the overseas Production of the Transnational Corporations and the＂Industrial Hollowing＂ of Their Parent Countries

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Globalization and the Evolution and Characteristics of Spatial Distribution of Transnational Organizations in Guangzhou(1949–2012)

Transnational organizations refer to governmental and non-governmental organizations engaged in transnational behaviors,which are important carriers of political globalization.Given the wave of world city studies sweeping the academia worldwide,transnational organizations have attracted increasing attentions.Through a review of existing research,an analysis of historical archive and interviews,and the application of space syntax,this paper examines the development process and characteristics of spatial distribution of transnational organizations in Guangzhou since the founding of P.R.China.It divides the development process of transnational organizations in Guangzhou into three stages: budding period,starting period,and developing period.In this process,the number of organizations and related types increased sharply,and the business was much extended.Along with the eastward shift of the city center,the distribution center of transnational organizations consequently moved to the east,indicating their location characteristics of geographical centrality and proximity to major globalized spaces.The spatial distribution of transnational organizations shows: proximity to city center or high-level transportation center; demands for security,communication,and notability of geographical position; locations of different types of organizations owning different levels of integration value; organizations of specific functions prefer urban districts with related functions.