Design and experimental research on the sweet potato seedling transplanting mechanism of the planetary gear train with deformed elliptical gear transmission

Aiming at the lack of suitable machines for sweet potato seedling transplanting in China,and according to the agronomic requirements for the horizontal insertion method of sweet potato seedling,a new sweet potato seedling transplanting mechanism of planetary gear train was proposed based on the non-uniform transmission of deformed elliptical gear.The working principle of the transplanting mechanism was analyzed,and the kinematics modeling and analysis of the mechanism were carried out.The study established the numerical objectives of the transplanting mechanism and applied the theory of membership function to establish a mathematical model for the parameter-guided optimization design of the transplanting mechanism.The parameter-guided optimization design software was developed to obtain a set of optimal mechanism parameters that satisfied the motion trajectory of sweet potato transplanting and the posture of the transplanting arm.Based on the optimized parameters,the structure of the transplanting mechanism was designed,and a virtual prototype of the mechanism was created,whereby a virtual motion simulation of the transplanting mechanism was conducted to verify the correctness of the kinematics model and design of the mechanism.The high-speed photographic kinematics test of the mechanism prototype and sweet potato seedling transplanting tests were conducted to test the mechanism’s kinematic characteristics and transplanting performance.The test results show that the test trajectory of the mechanism and test posture of the transplanting arm are almost consistent with the theoretical and simulation trajectory,meeting the agronomic requirements of the horizontal insertion method of sweet potato seedling;And when the rotary speed of the mechanism are 20 r/min and 30 r/min,the average success ratios of sweet potato seedlings transplanting are 90%and 82%,respectively,which prove the application feasibility of the mechanism in the practical machines.

非圆齿轮-连杆组合式水稻钵苗膜上移栽机构优化设计与试验

为实现机械化一体式水稻钵苗膜上移栽要求,提出非圆齿轮-连杆组合式行星轮系移栽机构,用一套机构实现取苗、送苗、破膜挖穴和栽植4个工序协同配合作业,满足水稻钵苗膜上移栽所需的轨迹与姿态要求。对移栽机构进行理论分析并建立运动学模型,结合优化目标,基于Matlab GUI平台开发了数字可视化优化设计软件,通过人机交互获得1组满足移栽要求的机构参数。根据优化参数对机构开展结构设计与三维建模,通过ADAMS软件完成了虚拟样机仿真验证。研制了水稻钵苗膜上移栽机构物理样机与多功能试验测试台架,开展了移栽机构在空转和带苗状态下运动学特性和工作性能试验,结果表明,理论轨迹、虚拟样机仿真轨迹和物理样机台架试验轨迹在误差允许范围内保持一致,验证了移栽机构设计的一致性与正确性,性能试验结果:取苗成功率为94%,移栽成功率为92.36%,栽植株距变异系数为2.67%,满足移栽作业要求,验证了水稻钵苗膜上移栽机构设计的合理性与可行性。

高接低栽式差速变姿态行星轮系栽植机构设计与试验

针对目前旱地蔬菜钵苗移栽机大多适用于大株距(大于260 mm)移栽且投接苗与栽植位置作业高度差大、移栽性能不佳等问题,本文提出一种高接低栽式差速变姿态行星轮系栽植机构。根据中小株距蔬菜钵苗移栽农艺指导与机构设计要求,解析双行星架差速行星轮系栽植机构工作原理并建立其运动学理论模型;结合所提出优化目标构建目标函数,开发了基于Matlab GUI的栽植机构计算机辅助分析优化设计软件,通过人机交互方式获得1组较优的机构设计参数组合。通过三维建模与装配以及ADAMS软件虚拟仿真,初步验证了机构正确性与合理性。开展栽植机构物理样机试制与试验台架系统开发研究,通过空转试验测试,验证了栽植机构实际作业轨迹、姿态与虚拟仿真及理论设计的一致性;开展栽植机构接苗与栽植性能试验,试验结果表明,栽植机构在接苗与栽植各项试验指标均较为优秀,能够满足栽植机构预期设计要求与旱地移栽机械标准,验证了该机构的可行性与实用性。

Optimization design and test of rice plug seedling transplanting mechanism of planetary gear train with incomplete eccentric circular gear and non-circular gears

In order to solve the problem of the high-speed mechanized transplanting of rice plug seedlings,the design requirements of transplanting mechanism for rice plug seedlings were analyzed and a kind of rice plug seedling transplanting mechanism of planetary gear train based on the drive with incomplete eccentric circular gear and non-circular gears was designed innovatively.The laboratory kinematics was examined.The working principle of the transplanting mechanism for rice plug seedlings was studied,kinematics analysis of the transplanting mechanism was carried out and its kinematic model was set up.A human-computer interaction optimization method was used to optimize the parameters of the transplanting mechanism.The computer aided analysis and optimization software of the transplanting mechanism based on Visual Basic 6.0 was developed.Through analyzing the influence of design variables on the optimization objectives of the transplanting mechanism,a set of parameters of the transplanting mechanism which meet the requirements of transplanting trajectory and posture for transplanting rice seedlings were obtained by means of human-computer interaction.The structure of the transplanting mechanism was designed according to this set of parameters,and its virtual prototype and physical prototype were set up and manufactured,respectively.The kinematic simulation test and high-speed photography kinematic test of the transplanting mechanism were conducted to obtain its kinematic performances,such as transplanting trajectory and posture.The results of bench test,simulation analysis and theoretical analysis were almost in agreement,which verified the correctness of the theoretical model and design results of the transplanting mechanism,indicating that the optimized transplanting mechanism can satisfy the requirements of transplanting rice seedlings and be applied in the rice plug seedling transplanter.

三转臂式差动椭圆齿轮系分插机构的工作原理与运动分析

针对我国水稻插秧小株距密植的要求,设计一种三转臂式差动椭圆齿轮系分插机构。论述差动式椭圆齿轮系分插机构的工作原理,并通过该分插机构的示意图来阐述其工作原理和工作过程,同时通过建立运动学模型来对该机构进行运动学分析。

青菜高密度移栽机植苗机构的设计与试验

目前国内移栽机尚无成熟的适用于青菜等多行密植蔬菜移栽的植苗机构;针对小株距小行距、高效率的密植移栽要求,设计了一种非圆齿轮行星轮系八行同步植苗机构,并进行了运动学仿真和田间移栽试验。对非圆齿轮行星轮系进行了运动学建模与分析,开发了植苗机构辅助分析与优化设计软件;分析了不同机构参数对植苗轨迹姿态的影响,并通过人机交互的方式得到一组满足青菜小株距移栽要求的机构参数;建立了八行同步植苗机构的三维模型,利用虚拟样机仿真技术绘制出仿真轨迹,并与理论轨迹进行对比,以验证植苗机构三维设计的正确性;开展了田间移栽试验,以验证该机构的可行性和实用性。试验结果表明:在作业转速为15r/min、前进速度为55mm/s的情况下,八行植苗机构的作业株距和行距均为110mm,平均植苗成功率为93.9%,移栽密度超过70株/m2,试验移栽效率为240株/min,表明该机构在机械化密植移栽作业中有较高的应用价值。该研究为高密度移栽机植苗机构的研发提供了理论和试验依据,促进了密植型蔬菜钵苗机械化移栽的进程,为密植移栽机的进一步研究提供技术支持和参考。

数学建模在水稻插秧机作业优化中的应用

为了降低插秧机的作业故障次数、提升插秧效率和插秧质量,对数学建模在水稻插秧机作业优化中的应用进行了研究。为了有效提升作业效率和作业质量,分插机构的传动部件改进为非圆齿轮行星系,并针对传动装置建立数学模型并分析。为了验证水稻插秧机的结构是否合理,对其进行了仿真试验,结果表明:水稻插秧机的结构合理,可将其应用于实际生产。

Design and experiment of double planet carrier planetary gear flower transplanting mechanism

At present,there is a lack of miniaturized and highly reliable plug seedling transplanting mechanism in flowerpots planting operation,in order to meet the needs of large displacement and high vertical uprightness for flower transplanting,the paper combined the transmission characteristics of the non-circular gear planetary gear train with the swing flexibility of the cam gear and proposed a double planet carrier planetary gear transplanting mechanism.The linkage of the mechanism performs variable speed rotation relative to the first planet carrier,the linkage serves as the second planet carrier,and the transplanting arm performs variable speed swing relative to the linkage.A mathematical model of a single planetary carrier mechanism was first established using the method of open linkage group solution domain synthesis,then established the kinematic equations of the second planet carrier and the transplanting arm.The two parts are combined to form the mathematical solution model of the proposed mechanism.The initial trajectory was planned according to the trajectory requirements of seedlings planting operation,the non-circular gear pitch curve in the first planet carrier was obtained and the length of the first planet carrier is 120 mm.Then using the key points’angular deviation between the initial trajectory and the improved trajectory to obtain the cam parameters which driving the transplant arm,consequently determined the length of the second planet carrier is 69.25 mm and the length of the transplant arm is 112.4 mm.Finally,the prototype of the mechanism was manufactured,and the test verified the correctness of the design method of the double planet carrier planetary gear flower potting transplanting mechanism.The transplanting success rate of this mechanism reached 94.43%,and the plug seedlings planted in flowerpots had high uprightness.This research can provide a reference for the automatic development of research on flower transplanting machines.

钵苗移栽机椭圆齿轮行星系植苗机构运动学建模与分析

为了分析该文提出的钵苗移栽机椭圆齿轮行星系植苗机构的作业性能,建立了该机构的运动学模型,推导了栽植嘴的(角)位移、(角)速度和(角)加速度方程。在此基础上,采用Visual Basic 6.0编写了该机构的运动学仿真与优化软件,并利用该软件分析几个主要参数对该机构作业性能的影响,这些主要参数包括椭圆齿轮长半轴、椭圆齿轮短长轴之比、行星架初始安装角和株距,作业性能包括穴口大小、栽植嘴的轨迹姿态及其直立性和机构作业的稳定性等。由参数影响分析结果,得到一组较优的机构参数,其对应的栽植嘴轨迹和姿态等作业性能满足蔬菜钵苗移栽农艺要求,且与往复式的植苗机构相比具有较小的速度和加速度波动。

钵苗移栽机变形椭圆齿轮行星系植苗机构优化与试验

提出了一种钵苗移栽机变形椭圆齿轮行星系植苗机构,建立了栽植嘴的运动学方程,编写了该机构的运动学仿真软件。综合考虑穴口形状、栽植嘴回程轨迹、栽植嘴接苗和植苗姿态、接苗时栽植嘴的相对速度等因素,利用该软件优选得到一组机构参数,进而研制了该植苗机构试验台,对栽植嘴的轨迹和速度等运动学参数进行了测定。将试验结果与运动学分析结果进行对比,验证了运动学模型与分析结果的正确性。与椭圆齿轮行星系植苗机构相比,变形椭圆齿轮行星系植苗机构立苗率高、伤苗率低。

椭圆齿轮行星轮系蔬菜钵苗自动移栽机构运动机理分析

简述了椭圆齿轮行星轮系蔬菜钵苗自动移栽机构,分析了该机构的工作机理和结构特点,建立了该机构的运动学模型。基于V isual Basic 6.0开发了该移栽机构计算机辅助分析与优化软件,通过人机交互方式优化出满足蔬菜钵苗自动移栽机构工作要求的结构参数,最后进行了机构三维建模与仿真,仿真结果与理论分析结果一致。

椭圆齿轮行星系分插机构推秧装置的动力学模型的建立及验证(英文)

为了建立高速水稻插秧机椭圆齿轮行星系分插机构的动力学模型 ,必须分析推秧装置对该机构的作用。该文采用作者推导的解析形式刚体复合运动微分方程对该机构的推秧装置进行动力学分析 ,推导出推秧装置的动力学模型。通过编程计算得到 :1推秧和碰撞过程行星架转角与拨叉转角及推秧杆位置的关系 ,并由高速录像验证 ;2在推秧和碰撞过程拨叉转动中心受力、推秧杆对栽植臂作用力和弹簧作用力与行星架转角的关系 ,为分析整个分插机构的动力学特性奠定基础。

旋转式水稻钵苗移栽机构的机理分析与参数优化

通过分析国内外水稻钵苗移栽机的缺点与不足,根据水稻钵苗移栽机的特征与优点,提出一种以椭圆-不完全非圆齿轮为传动机构的旋转式水稻钵苗移栽机构,使水稻移栽达到高产高效率的移栽水平。首先,在分析该移栽机构工作原理的基础上,建立了椭圆-不完全非圆齿轮机构的运动学模型。然后基于Visual Basic 6.0可视化编程软件,开发了椭圆-不完全非圆齿轮行星轮系水稻钵苗移栽机构的辅助分析与优化软件。最后,通过分析各参数对移栽轨迹的影响,利用人机交互的优化方法,得到了一组较优的符合水稻钵苗移栽要求的结构参数,该研究可为旋转式水稻钵苗移栽机构的设计提供参考。

偏心齿轮-非圆齿轮行星轮系在后插旋转式分插机构中的应用

针对步行式水稻插秧机的工作要求,将偏心齿轮—非圆齿轮行星轮系应用于水稻插秧机后插式分插机构的设计中,研制出偏心齿轮-非圆齿轮后插旋转式分插机构。分析了偏心齿轮—非圆齿轮行星轮系的运动学特性,建立运动学模型,并自主开发了分插机构辅助分析与优化软件,通过人机交互优化方式对该分插机构进行参数优化,完成了该分插机构的二维和三维设计,并进行了虚拟样机试验,试验结果表明:该分插机构可以形成"海豚形"插秧静轨迹,满足步行式水稻插秧机的工作要求。

钵苗移栽机非圆齿轮行星轮系栽植机构参数分析与反求

为了更好地满足旱地钵苗移栽农艺要求,本文提出非圆齿轮行星轮系栽植机构。选取栽植机构栽植嘴运动轨迹上的若干点作为型值点,利用三次非均匀B样条曲线来控制和表达整条轨迹,并建立以轨迹为目标的该机构参数反求模型,推导栽植嘴的(角)位移、(角)速度和(角)加速度方程。基于MATLABGUI开发平台,编写了该栽植机构的参数反求设计软件,利用该软件分析了若干型值点对该机构栽植嘴轨迹姿态及穴口形状等性能的影响。在型值点影响分析的基础上,以栽植机构栽植嘴理想轨迹姿态及穴口形状等要求为目标,通过软件的人机对话功能调整型值点,优选机构参数,提高立苗率和降低伤苗率。与七杆式栽植机构、多杆式栽植机构和椭圆齿轮行星轮系栽植机构相比,本栽植机构具有较优的作业性能和运动学特性。

高速插秧机椭圆齿轮行星系分插机构的参数优化

椭圆齿轮行星系分插机构是高速水稻插秧机的一种旋转式分插机构 ,其秧针尖的运动轨迹和姿态决定了插秧机的工作性能。根据该机构运动分析所建立的数学模型 ,在 VB 6 .0上编写了人机对话分析软件。该软件能够根据机构参数的变化实时地显示秧针尖的轨迹、姿态和行星轮轴心的轨迹以及这些轨迹与秧苗的位置关系 ,并输出计算结果。然后根据优化目标 ,利用该软件可以找到多组能满足机构运动要求的参数。最后用

正齿行星轮分插机构的动力学分析

采用推导的刚体复合运动微分方程和动力学方程组逐次求解的方法对正齿行星轮分插机构进行动力学分析,建立其动力学模型,得到在插秧过程中链条、太阳轮轴心、中间轮轴心、行星轮轴心、太阳轮与中间轮啮合点和中间轮与行星轮啮合点受力与行星架转角的关系。

B样条非圆齿轮行星轮系水稻钵苗移栽机构的设计与优化

钵苗移栽可以提高产量,对中国粮食安全具有重要意义。在分析水稻钵苗移栽机构最新研究进展的基础上,该文作者发明了基于三次非均匀有理B样条曲线的非圆齿轮行星轮系钵苗移栽机构。选取非圆齿轮节曲线上的13个型值点来控制和表达非圆齿轮的节曲线形状,通过该移栽机构的运动学分析,在确定优化目标的基础上,建立了夹秧片姿态和尖点轨迹的目标函数,将目标函数转化为优化数学模型。利用MATLAB GU平台,开发出该移栽机构的计算机辅助分析与优化软件,通过人机对话调整型值点,优化夹秧片姿态和尖点轨迹,从而获得了一组满足水稻钵苗移栽要求的结构参数。建立三维模型,并利用Admas进行虚拟样机仿真,验证了该移栽机构数学模型的正确性。

非匀速空间行星轮系宽窄行分插机构分析与优化

针对现有宽窄行分插机构存在斜取秧和大穴口问题,提出一种由椭圆锥齿轮-交错圆柱齿轮混合传动的空间行星轮系宽窄行分插机构。分析了椭圆锥齿轮的传动特性,建立了机构的运动学模型。通过分析插秧轨迹的横向线位移、横向插秧穴口边长与传动齿轮交错角的关系,得出椭圆锥齿轮-交错圆柱齿轮混合传动方式可以兼顾斜置式和齿轮交错传动式的小穴口、直取秧的优点。开发了宽窄行分插机构参数优化软件,进行了机构的运动特征分析,并通过人机交互方式优化了一组满足宽窄行插秧机的机构参数。利用仿真软件ADAMS实现了椭圆锥齿轮齿廓的设计,并结合三维建模软件进行了分插机构的仿真。加工了分插机构实物模型,进行了试验台测试,得出椭圆锥齿轮-交错圆柱齿轮混合传动分插机构可以满足水稻宽窄行插秧的要求。

水稻钵苗移栽机变性卵形齿轮分秧机构的运动机理分析

针对水稻钵苗移栽机的工作要求,将变性卵形齿轮行星轮系应用于其分秧机构的设计中,设计了一种新型的旋转式分秧机构;在分析变性卵形齿轮行星轮系运动学特性的基础上,建立了分秧机构的运动学模型,编写了分秧机构辅助分析与优化软件以及变性卵形齿轮齿廓生成软件;通过人机交互方式对该分秧机构结构参数进行优化,得到了最优参数。借助虚拟仿真技术,验证了该分秧机构形成的带有"针形"凸起的"桃形"静轨迹,能够满足水稻移栽机的工作要求。