Land development suitability analysis for transport planning evaluation and optimization in mountainous ecological region

Transportation planning is a critical component for creating an orderly,intensive,and sustainable pattern of land development.By comprehensively considering the potential and suitability of transport construction,a comprehensive method combining resources and environmental carrying capacity(RECC)and land development suitability(LDS)was developed by using techniques of GIS,analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and threedimensional magic cube.Taking Aba prefecture in Sichuan Province of Southwest China as a case study,LDS for transportation was analyzed from three aspects,including overall planning layout,different transport modes,and transportation projects.The results showed that the transport planning scales of most counties in Aba were suitable,and the order of LDS of different transport modes was railway>highway=superhighway>tourism track,which already included 42 new transportation projects.We found that two counties(Maoxian County and Jiuzhaigou County)should improve the ecological protection level of transportation,in which the railway network construction should be encouraged,and some transportation projects with low LDS should be postponed or constructed harmlessly.We suggest the combination of RECC and LDS for transportation could enhance the territorial space optimization and sustainable transport construction.

TRANSPORT PLANNING FOR NEW TOWN DEVELOPMENT:EXPERIENCE OF HONG KONG

Since the 1960s, Hong Kongs new towns have been builton the assumption that they could be socially and economically selfcontained entities. A study of the linkage between three new townsand metropolitan area confirms that substantial commuting trips arestill made. The new towns serve as dormitories for people workingin the metropolitan area. The commuters' reliance on publictransport is significant. The towns are thus far from self-containedeven aller 20 years of development. The public transport network,trip rate, peak factor, purpose, mode choice, costs and journey time,are signilicantly different from those originally estimated. Thesemay be related to distance from the metropolitan area,theavailability of modes, the structure of the public transport netwrk,and changs in the economical structure of Hong Kong. lt suggeststhat the direct and indiscriminant importation of Westernplanning practice to plan new towns with an oriental socio-economicsetting deserves critical review.

Using structured systems analysis to design an integrated system for transport planning and environmental analysis

This paper applies Yourdon's (1989) structured systems analysis techniques to transport planning, and the environmental analysis of transport plans. It is usual for planners to treat these activities as separate processes or 'systems'. Six serious shortcomings are identified in prevailing approaches to accounting for the environmental impacts of transport plans. The application of systems analysis has elucidated opportunities for overcoming these problems by integrating the two processes. The paper highlights the benefits of using these methods to direct research into, and development of, an integrated transport planning- environmental analysis system. Techniques applied are data flow diagrams, a Venn diagram and an entity-relationship diagram. Significant potential exists for integration within a geographic information system(GIS), although adoption of integrated methods by transport planners is likely to be incremental. Research confirms the usefulness of systems analysis in guiding the development of a GIS application to accommodate integrated transport planning and environmental analysis. Systems analysis also facilitates more careful and effective design of the databases underlying GIS analysis.

Case Study of Transportation Planning Based on Land Development Patterns in the Great Chengdu Area

Traffic is a function of land use. Based on the understanding of mutual influences between transportation investment and land development, transportation corridors of various levels in Great Chengdu Area （GCA） were investigated. Trip generation was predicted based on population expansion, and trip attraction was estimated based on land use intensity coefficient. Lane assignment of transportation corridors with case studies is expected with two-way-six-lane routes connecting county-cities, two-way-four-lane routes connecting new towns in plane area, and two-way-two-lane connecting new towns in hilly area and prime villages.

Transport and planning issues of the Paris Region: a question of sustainability

During the last three decades, massive networks of transport infrastructure have been completed in the Paris Region1over 600 km of highway, and three regional rail lines (Reseau Express Regional) linking the suburbs with the City of Paris. Despite such achievements, the demand for daily transport increases significantly, and road congestion level rises, resulting in a worsening environment which affects the quality of life. Rapid car growth, largescale suburbanization and longer commuting distance have generated a greater demand for roads. Yet the supply seems to have fallen persistently behind the demand. A few questions arise which merit investigation. Has transport planning failed to regulate such supply and demand? Can the idea of sustainable development be incorporated into the planning system? Furthermore, what are the barriers to a sustainable transport development? In tackling these questions, this paper explores the causes leading to the drastic rise in transport movements in the Paris Region, examines the planning issues and, finally, inquires whether the longterm strategies of the French authority meet the future demand in the context of a sustainable development.

Research on Urban Transportation Planning Strategies in China Under the“New Normal”

In order to explore the development direction and strategy of China’s urban transportation planning,drive the development of urban transportation and urban economic progress,as well as respond to the changing trends and challenges of the market under the“new normal,”this paper first analyzes the current situation of China’s transportation industry under the“new normal,”investigates the relationship between transportation and urban planning,and then proposes strategies for China’s urban transportation development and planning as reference.

Study on Objectives and Strategies for Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction in Transportation Industry during the 13th Five-Year Plan Period in Beijing

Facing increasing passenger and cargo transport demand and limited re-source in the 13th Five-Year period, how to make a breakthrough and substantial progress has become a key issue on planning and the Top-level Design. In this paper we judged and analyzed the current development and potential demand of the energy saving and emission reduction in Beijing traffic industry. Through application of energy and emission prediction model which based on the vehicle activity data, the development goals of “one drop, double control, and triple upgrade” have been put forward. In order to achieve the goal, “5 + 1” development strategies should be implemented, and we also proposed the thinking and recommendations on sustainable development of transportation.

Three-Dimensional Planning of Arrival and Departure Route Network Based on Improved Ant-Colony Algorithm

In order to improve safety,economy efficiency and design automation degree of air route in terminal airspace,Three-dimensional(3D)planning of routes network is investigated.A waypoint probability search method is proposed to optimize individual flight path.Through updating horizontal pheromones by negative feedback factors,an antcolony algorithm of path searching in 3Dterminal airspace is implemented.The principle of optimization sequence of arrival and departure routes is analyzed.Each route is optimized successively,and the overall optimization of the whole route network is finally achieved.A case study shows that it takes about 63 sto optimize 8arrival and departure routes,and the operation efficiency can be significantly improved with desirable safety and economy.

Case study scenarios in site selection of hazardous material facilities based on transportation preferences

A methodology is proposed to evaluate and rank potential sites for facilities dealing with hazardous materials(HAZMAT).The proposed methodology incorporates HAZMAT route planning into facility siting while considering transportation preferences and challenges.The area of interest is divided into smaller zones representing potential sites for a HAZMAT facility.A multimodal transportation network including railways and roads is considered for transportation of HAZMAT.Each zone is evaluated based on its accessibility from a set of selected points of interests(POIs),which are defined as potential origin/destination points for transportation of HAZMAT.The shortest routes between each POI and potential zones are evaluated based on a cost function which can accommodate multiple criteria to determine the associated disutility for each potential zone.Finally,zones are ranked based on their cumulative disutility scores.The proposed analysis method is quantitative,and at the same time it is adequately flexible to allow inclusion of subjective criteria.Application of the proposed methodology is demonstrated for identifying optimal locations for a HAZMAT facility(e.g.,a nuclear facility)using the Canadian province of Saskatchewan as an example.Three scenarios were evaluated including(1)all network segments and POIs were treated equally,(2)network segments were rank ordered based on their functional classification while POIs were treated equally and(3)network segments were rank ordered based on their functional classification with preferences given to specific POI(s).

基于OBE理念的《交通运输规划》课程思政建设与实践——以西安建筑科技大学土木工程学院为例

以全面育人为根本出发点,结合西安建筑科技大学交通运输专业工程教育专业认证实际,将交通运输行业发展与国家历史发展进程紧密融合,坚持价值导向与知识传授过程有机融合,坚持个人能力发展与国家战略发展有机融合,将社会主义道路自信、家国情怀、社会担当、知识创新、以人为本等思政教育目标与交通运输发展历程、规划理念、未来需求等理论知识相融合。通过课程思政总体架构搭建、思政元素挖掘与编织、构建思政元素智慧树,切实有效地将“课程思政”的教学目标融入交通运输规划系统设计全过程,培养学生跨学科综合思维能力,引领学生从历史、现在和未来纵深角度思考国家的道路选择、自身的社会责任,努力造就具有家国情怀和历史担当的交通运输行业复合型人才。

Relief Materials Vehicles Planning in Natural Disasters

A variety of relief materials needs to be transported to the disaster hit areas immediately after natural disasters. This paper studies the problem of planning relief materials vehicles in order to maximize their total weight. We propose a new method named substitution equilibrium point which can be used to plan relief materials vehicles. One feature of our model is to consider the substitution among vehicles which is usually omitted in the literature. The simulation experiments show that the transportation fleets are increased effectively considering the substitution between vehicles. Substitution equilibrium point has the same results as integer programming but has much lower time complexity.

To Improve Energy Efficiency via Car Driving Deduction by Land Use Planning

Urban area consumes about main percentage of used energy. Cities need basic review in land management, structure and form to minimize the use of energy which creating environmental pollution. Urban planners and designers are looking for a solution and essential agreement in urban planning and designing principles that can decrease the pollution from rapid urbanization. Travelling is essential for daily needs of most people in urban area. Issues arise when one considers the amount of necessary fossil fuels used in the majority of daily commuting for accessibility to services. It is necessary to design a city to minimize the use of energy which creating environmental pollution. Research conducted in Subang Jaya in Malaysia in 2012 finds a variable which influences on use of car, propose of use of car and commuting distance by car. However it tried to find effect of train station and density on use of car for accessibility to this services and facilities. Findings illustrate neighbourhood distance from train station influences distance to facilities and services in neighbourhoods. However it illustrates derived distance by car was affected by residential lots distance from restaurant, work place, school, park, house area per person, and car ownership.

“人-车-桩-路-网”深度耦合下的配电网协同规划与运行优化

电动汽车(EV)作为连接交通电气化和电网清洁化的纽带和桥梁,可实现电力-交通-信息之间的深度耦合,形成电力-交通一体化的规划及运行架构。配电-交通融合系统(DTIS)中,EV充放电行为多时空动态交织、电能流-交通流-信息流深度融合、多利益主体动态博弈等大量不确定性因素使配电网的规划及运行优化的边界都将发生重大转变,但同时也给挖掘利用EV的移动储能特性和提升配电网灵活性带来了契机。为此,在分析“人-车-桩-路-网”深度耦合下配电网的形态演化特征基础上,剖析了新形态下配电网协同规划与运行优化所面临的新挑战,进而针对“人-车-桩-路-网”耦合下的EV灵活性建模、灵活域高效构建及预测、协同规划、运行优化4个方面关键技术展开讨论,并对相关技术问题的研究方向进行了展望。

Changes in Land Use, Socioeconomic Indices, and the Transportation System in Gifu City and their Relevance during the Late 20th Century

History provides valuable lessons for the interplay of factors that shape urban growth and development. This study examines changes in land use, socioeconomic indices, and the transportation system of Gifu City during the late 20th century using geographical information system (GIS) methods. The data for the study were historical maps and the population census and economic statistics data from 1950 to 2000, when Japan was in a period of high economic growth. The discussion focuses on the master plan, road construction, land use, the spatial distribution of the population, and socioeconomic indices. It was possible to compare spatial distribution patterns over time using GIS. When policies were created that attached importance to construction of a road network due to the development of motorization and elimination of the city tram, the surrounding suburban area became the focus of land-use development. As a result, Gifu City is plagued by the doughnut phenomenon. It is important to identify the relationships among urban planning factors to provide for future urban and transportation planning.

网联自动驾驶货车编队规划与控制研究综述

物流运输联盟内开展货车编队运行,有望成为未来物流运输降低运营成本的新形态。本文以网联自动驾驶货车编队规划与控制为研究对象,通过文献检索来分析网联自动驾驶货车编队的关键技术与研究现状。从市场应用角度,分析目前实现货车编队市场应用面临的挑战,以及相关利益方之间的成本分配问题。从技术方法视角,围绕网联自动驾驶编队规划与运作控制问题,解读相关技术内涵与实现方法。通过评述网联自动驾驶编队技术研究现状,总结该领域未来研究方向,旨在为研究者掌握该方向发展脉络提供参考。

基于复杂网络的高速公路交通事故风险动态演化模型

为有效挖掘高速公路交通事故规律信息,基于复杂网络理论提出高速公路交通事故致因网络构建方法.从风险结构与风险模式两方面定义风险传播机制,通过高速公路交通事故致因网络与风险传播机制的有机结合,建立了高速公路交通事故风险演化模型.以高速公路重特大交通事故为例,对201份高速公路重特大交通事故调查报告进行风险分析.结果表明,基于复杂网络的风险演化模型适用于高速公路的交通事故风险分析;通过高速公路交通事故风险演化模型可对各致因的风险传播特性进行解析与归类,从而制定出针对不同情形致因的控制策略,为高速公路交通事故风险演化研究提供新思路.

The City Public Transport Overlooked: Analysis of Effective Distances

Jerusalem is holy to the three main monotheistic religions. Hence Jerusalem is, from a touristic perspective, a world city. Jerusalem is also a highly segmented city. While Jerusalem may seem as an extreme case, it is not unique. Many cities attract large number of tourists to various widely renowned sites within them, in many cases with religious facets. Public transport systems are largely designed to address the demand of local residents. Yet, tourist flows often differ from the travel patterns of local residents, both temporally and spatially. This paper evaluates how Jerusalem’s public transport system serves the global tourist city. To this end, the study focuses on independent tourists, not package-tour tourists. Specifically, we analyze to what extent are the main tourist sites served by the public transportation system. To evaluate accessibility to tourist destinations we use GIS to conduct Least-Cost-Modeling. This methodology measures the effective, rather than the Euclidian distance to tourist destination. We find that the accessibility by public transportation to tourist destinations with high global importance, specifically Christian-religious sites is relatively low. In the final part of the paper we propose a number of explanations for that.

高速公路客货混行交通流元胞传输模型

针对客货混行引发的交通流稳定性下降、交通安全风险增加以及运行效率降低等问题,构建一个多车道客货混行交通流元胞传输模型,从宏观角度研究不同货车渗透率下的高速公路客货混行交通流特性.首先,利用微观车辆跟驰模型,分析均质小汽车和货车交通流的基本图特征,提出不同货车渗透率下的客货混行交通流基本图模型.然后,采用具体参数表征换道、有限加速度造成的道路交通容量下降效应,刻画客货混行交通流中货车对直行和换道流量的影响,采用Logit模型计算多因素影响下的换道交通流量,构建多车道客货混行交通流元胞传输模型.最后,通过高速公路多场景仿真实验验证模型的有效性.研究结果表明:所提出的模型可准确模拟高速公路上的客货混行交通流演变过程;货车渗透率是影响混行交通运行的关键因素,在交通事件导致车道数减少时,货车渗透率超过0.6会导致交通拥堵难以消散.研究成果可为高速公路客货混行交通流特性研究提供分析工具,为客货混行下的交通管理和疏导策略制定提供理论方法.

考虑起降安全的无人机血液运输路径规划

针对使用无人机进行血液运输的路径规划问题,以无人机运输总距离最小为目标,建立多约束无人机血液运输路径规划模型。考虑无人机起降平台数量受限情况下的无人机连续起降安全时间间隔,设计无人机起飞顺序调度策略,以减少无人机完成运输的总耗时,并提出一种基于帝国改革的帝国竞争算法求解该问题。该算法引入正弦扰动策略、增加帝国改革阶段来提高算法的搜索精度,使用与解质量相关的接受准则以保持种群的多样性。利用基准算例和无人机运输血液实例进行验证,结果表明,所提算法可为无人机血液运输任务提供满足各项约束,且没有无人机起降冲突的运输方案;无人机起飞顺序调度策略,可有效减少无人机实际完成任务的总耗时。