Total intravenous general anesthesia with laryngeal mask airway for transurethral resection of bladder tumor

Objective： To observe the advantage of total intravenous anesthesia for transurethral resection of bladder tumor （TURBT）. Methods.. Sixty ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ patients undergoing TURBT were randomly assigned to 2 groups. Spinal anesthesia with 0. 75% pure bupivacaine （8-12 rag） was applied to patients in Group Ⅰ （n= 30）. Patients in Group Ⅱ （n=30） received total intravenous anesthesia with continuous infusion of Propofol and Remifentanil ; and a laryngeal mask was used to ensure the airway and ventilation. BP, HR, SPO2 and pertinent side effects were monitored and recorded. Results ： The patients in group Ⅱ experienced more stable hemodynamics than those in group Ⅰ . Obturator nerve reflex was observed in 15 （50. 0%） patients in Group Ⅰ , but none （0%） in Group Ⅱ （P〈0. 01）. Conclusion.. Total intravenous anesthesia with laryngeal mask is a safe, reliable, controllable and simple manual for patient undergoing TURBT.

Endoscopic en bloc resection of an exophytic gastrointestinal stromal tumor with suction excavation technique

Here, we report the first successful endoscopic resection of an exophytic gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) using a novel perforation-free suction excavation technique. A 49-year-old woman presented for further management of a gastric subepithelial tumor on the lesser curvature of the lower body, originally detected via routine upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Abdominal computed tomography and endoscopic ultrasound showed a 4-cm extraluminally protruding mass originating from the muscularis propria layer. The patient firmly refused surgical resection owing to potential cardiac problems, and informed consent was obtained for endoscopic removal. Careful dissection and suction of the tumor was repeated until successful extraction was achieved without serosal injury. We named this procedure the suction excavation technique. The tumor’s dimensions were 3.5 cm × 2.8 cm × 2.5 cm. The tumor was positive for C-KIT and CD34 by immunohistochemical staining. The mitotic count was 6/50 high-power fields. The patient was followed for 5 years without tumor recurrence. This case demonstrated the use of endoscopic resection of an exophytic GIST using the suction excavation technique as a potential therapy without surgical resection.

Intravesical explosion during transurethral resection of bladder tumor:A case report

BACKGROUND Intravesical explosion during transurethral resection of bladder tumor(TUR-BT)is a very rare complication,and it may result in rupture of the bladder,which usually requires surgical correction and causes a potential threat to the patient’s life.CASE SUMMARY This paper reports a case of intravesical explosion during TUR-BT.Combined with the literature review,the risk factors are analyzed and measures of prevention and treatment are discussed.CONCLUSION Although rare,intravesical explosions can cause serious consequences,and the loud explosion can also lead to a profound psychological shadow on the patient.Urologists must be aware of this potential complication.Careful operative techniques and special precautions can reduce the risk of this complication.

Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumours: Results and Outcomes

Aim: This study aimed to determine the demographic, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic, and evolutive characteristics of patients with bladder tumors who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBT) at a urology center in Douala, Cameroon. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective study carried out from 2015 to 2019 on 32 patients with bladder tumors that were managed at the Centre medico-chirugical d’urologie in Douala, Cameroon. The relevant data were obtained from patients’ clinical records. Results: A total of 32 patients (25 men and 7 women) aged 29 - 75 years were included in this study. The mean age of the study participants was 58.63 ± 11.00 years. Among our study participants, there were 10 smokers (31.25%). Eight (25%) of them had occupational exposure while 2 (6.25%) had residential exposure to bladder cancer. Thirty (93.75%) presented with hematuria, 2 (6.25%) presented with recurrent urinary tract infections, and 1 (3.13%) presented with acute urinary colic. Nineteen (59.38%) of them were anemic, with 4 (12.5%) requiring blood transfusions. Twenty-seven (84.38%) of them had pedunculated tumors while 5 (15.62%) had sessile tumors. The tumor diameters ranged from 1 cm to 5 cm, with a mean diameter of 2.75 ± 1.22 cm. Complete resection was performed in 27 (84.38%) participants while partial resection was performed in 5 (15.62%) patients. The early single instillation of intravesical chemotherapy with mitomycin was performed in 8 (25%) patients. Only one (3.13%) patient had a postoperative complication, and seven (21.88%) patients experienced tumor recurrence and underwent a second TURBT. Two (6.25%) of the 32 patients died and 30 (93.75%) survived. Conclusion: TURBT is the gold standard method of managing bladder tumors. This procedure is at the same time diagnostic and therapeutic for tumors that do not invade the walls of the urinary bladder.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection vs endoscopic mucosal resection for colorectal tumors: A meta-analysis

AIM: To compare the efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) for the treatment of colorectal tumors.

Surgical Resection of Sternal Tumors and Reconstruction with Titanium Mesh

Objective To evaluate the use of titanium mesh reconstruction after sternal tumor resection. Methods From January 2007 to January 2011, 14 patients with sternal tumors were admitted into Peking Union Medical Hospital. The clinical characteristics, surgical resection, and technique of reconstruction were reviewed. Results Of the 14 patients, 3 had a metastatic sternal tumor, the primary sites of which were as follows: hepatic carcinoma in one case (metastasis 19 years after operation), breast carcinoma in another case (metastasis 5 years after operation), and renal carcinoma in the other case (found simultaneously). Two patients showed local involvement of the sternum: 1 had thymic carcinoma, and the other had myofibrosarcoma. The remaining 9 patients had primary tumors: 4 were osteochondroma, 3 chondrosarcoma, 1 eosinophilic granuloma, 1 non-Hodgekin's lymphoma. En bloc resection of the sternal tumor was performed in all the 14 patients. The defect was repaired with the titanium mesh adjusted to the shape of the defect and fixed with the stainless steel wire. Eleven patients were followed up for a period from 2 months to 4 years, during which no translocation or broken of the titanium mesh was observed. Conclusions Radical en bloc excision remains the treatment of choice for sternal tumors. Sternum defect reconstruction using titanium mesh as a rigid replacement proves appropriate and effective.

Searching for the Lost Ostium: A Morphometric Analysis of the Ureteral Ostia Distribution in Normal and Thickened Bladders and Its Applications in Endourology

Introduction: The ureteral ostia may not be easily identified in urological endoscopic procedures, leading to an incomplete diagnosis of urinary tract diseases or a predisposition to iatrogenic lesions. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the anatomical distribution of ureteralostia in normal bladders and those with thickened walls. Materials and Methods: We dissected 30 vesical-prostate blocks from human cadavers and identified the ostia of the bladder trigone. A computerized morphometric analysis was performed to measure the thickness of the detrusor muscle, the distances between the ureteral ostia themselves and the distances between each ureteral ostium (left—LUO and right—RUO) and the internal urethral ostium (IUO). The angle formed between the IUO and LUO/RUO was also recorded as well as the volume of the prostates. Results: Fifteen bladders with a non-thickened detrusor (6 mm) were identified. The average prostatic volume of the dissected blocks was 23.7 cm3. The distance between ureteral ostia, the distance from IUO to LUO, the distance from IUO to RUO and the angle formed between IUO and LUO/RUO in normal and thickened bladder were, respectively, 1.9 cm/2.2 cm (p = 0.09), 1.6 cm/1.6 cm (p = 0.82), 1.6 cm/1.7 cm (p = 0.79) and 77/91 (p = 0.17). Conclusions: Our study shows that there is no significant difference in the position of bladder ostia in healthy and thickened bladders. We believe that our findings may facilitate locating the ureteral orifices in situations where endoscopic identification is difficult.

Photodynamic Therapy Combined with Electrosurgical Resection for Recurrent Bladder Cancer

Bladder tumor is characterized by recurrent recurrence and distant metastasis,which determines the difficulty of completely curing bladder tumor.In recent years,the number of patients with bladder cancer is increasing,and the treatment of bladder cancer has become an important direction of clinical research.It is difficult to control bladder tumor by traditional therapy.Photodynamic therapy(PDT),as a new optical therapy,has gradually become the main method in clinical treatment of bladder tumor combined with transurethral resection of bladder tumor.In this paper,a patient with superficial recurrent bladder tumor was treated by photodynamic therapy combined with transurethral resection of bladder tumor.The advantages of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of bladder tumor and the selection of photosensitizer in the process of photodynamic therapy were discussed.After two recurrences,the patients chose photodynamic therapy.The tumors were resected one by one,and the wound was coagulated by roller electrode.After the drug was retained for 20 minutes,the bladder was empty.The spherical optical fiber was implanted into the bladder.The photodynamic energy was adjusted(light power 1.8 W,light time 1302 s).There was no recurrence after operation.Most bladder tumors are superficial tumors,and bladder is a cavity organ,which determines that bladder is an ideal organ for photodynamic therapy.As a targeted drug,photosensitizer is only absorbed by bladder tumor after being perfused into bladder.The photosensitizer forms reactive oxygen species through oxygen and kills tumor cells.Clinical practice has proved that PDT has its unique advantages for superficial and recurrent bladder tumors.As the first generation photosensitizer,xipofen also has selectivity in the treatment of bladder cancer.

中低位骶骨肿瘤En-bloc切除术的护理体会

目的探讨中低位骶骨肿瘤En-bloc切除术围术期的护理方法。方法我科2004年1月～2011年10月收治21例中低位骶骨肿瘤患者,均采用En-bloc切除术,术前重视心理护理、肠道准备、括约肌收缩训练;术后加强对手术切口、引流管的护理以及指导功能锻炼,尤其加强对切口感染、切口延迟愈合、尿潴留、大便失禁及脑脊液漏等并发症的观察及护理。结果21例患者均安全度过围手术期,术后4～6周下床活动;随访时间为6个月～7年,其中2例S3-5脊索瘤患者分别于术后18和24个月复发,再次手术治疗,其余患者未见复发。结论采用En-bloc切除治疗中低位骶骨肿瘤能降低肿瘤局部复发率,有效的护理干预能减少手术并发症,促进患者机体功能的恢复,缩短住院时间。

原发性骶尾部肿瘤En bloc切除疗效观察

目的探讨原发性骶尾部肿瘤En bloc切除术的疗效。方法回顾性分析我科采用后方入路En bloc切除术治疗27例原发性骶尾部肿瘤患者的疗效。结果术后病理报告示:脊索瘤17例、骨巨细胞瘤5例、软骨肉瘤3例、神经纤维肉瘤1例、神经纤维瘤1例。27例患者手术后症状均有不同程度改善,平均无瘤生存时间为33.5月。5例手术保留S1或以上神经根的患者大小便失禁伴会阴部感觉丧失,经理疗功能训练后,3例部分恢复,2例无进展;保全S2以上神经根的12例患者术后均出现膀胱及直肠功能障碍,经康复理疗和功能训练后,10例基本恢复正常,2例患者仍存在不同程度的两便障碍。10例保留S3或以上神经根的患者能保全括约肌功能。随访期间5例局部复发,1例肺部转移,其余均无瘤生存。结论En bloc切除是治疗原发性骶尾部肿瘤的有效疗法,可最大限度减少肿瘤的复发并延长患者无瘤生存时间。

Thulium laser treatment for bladder cancer

Recent innovations in thulium laser techniques have allowed application in the treatment of bladder cancer.Laser en bloc resection of bladder cancer is a transurethral procedure that may offer an alternative to the conventional transurethral resection procedure.We conducted a review of basic thulium laser physics and laser en bloc resection procedures and summarized the current clinical literature with a focus on complications and outcomes.Literature evidence suggests that thulium laser techniques including smooth incision,tissue vaporization,and en bloc resection represent feasible,safe,and effective procedures in the treatment of bladder cancer.Moreover,these techniques allow improved specimen orientation and accurate determination of invasion depth,facilitating correct diagnosis,restaging,and reevaluation of the need for a second resection.Nonetheless,large-scale multicentre studies with longer follow-up are warranted for a robust assessment.The present review is meant as a quick reference for urologists.

Treatment and surveillance for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer:a clinical practice guideline(2021 edition)

Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer(NMIBC)is a major type of bladder cancer with a high incidence worldwide,resulting in a great disease burden.Treatment and surveillance are the most important part of NIMBC management.In 2018,we issued“Treatment and surveillance for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer in China:an evidencebased clinical practice guideline”.Since then,various studies on the treatment and surveillance of NMIBC have been published.There is a need to incorporate these materials and also to take into account the relatively limited medical resources in primary medical institutions in China.Developing a version of guideline which takes these two issues into account to promote the management of NMIBC is therefore indicated.We formed a working group of clinical experts and methodologists.Through questionnaire investigation of clinicians including primary medical institutions,24 clinically concerned issues,involving transurethral resection of bladder tumor(TURBT),intravesical chemotherapy and intravesical immunotherapy of NMIBC,and follow-up and surveillance of the NMIBC patients,were determined for this guideline.Researches and recommendations on the management of NMIBC in databases,guideline development professional societies and monographs were referred to,and the European Association of Urology was used to assess the certainty of generated recommendations.Finally,we issued 29 statements,among which 22 were strong recommendations,and 7 were weak recommendations.These recommendations cover the topics of TURBT,postoperative chemotherapy after TURBT,Bacillus Calmette–Guérin(BCG)immunotherapy after TURBT,combination treatment of BCG and chemotherapy after TURBT,treatment of carcinoma in situ,radical cystectomy,treatment of NMIBC recurrence,and follow-up and surveillance.We hope these recommendations can help promote the treatment and surveillance of NMIBC in China,especially for the primary medical institutions.

Mechanism research of pirarubicin postoperative immediately bladder irrigation combined compound matrine injection on treating superficial bladder cancer

Objective:Investigate the mechanism of Pirarubicin postoperative immediately bladder irrigation combined compound matrine injection on treating superficial bladder cancer, thus to provide assistance for clinical therapy of superficial bladder cancer.Methods:A total of 90 cases of patients with superficial bladder cancer treated in our hospital were selected, and randomly divided to be control group and combination group, 45 cases for each. For patients in control group, treatment of Pirarubicin postoperative immediately bladder irrigation was provided after transurethral resection of bladder tumors. For patients in combination group, combined treatment of Pirarubicin postoperative immediately bladder irrigation and compound matrine injection were provided after transurethral resection of bladder tumors. T lymphocyte subsets, cytokines, liver and renal functions of patients in each group were detected before and after treatment.Results: No statistical difference showed on T lymphocyte subsets, cytokines, liver and renal functions between two groups of patients with superficial bladder cancer before and after treatment. Compared with prior treatment, CD8+, cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-2), liver function indexes (AST and ALT) and renal function indexes (BUN and Cre) were significantly increased in two groups of patients after treatment, while T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+) and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and CRP) were significantly decreased. Differences showed statistical significance. After combined treatment given, T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+) and cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-2) in combination group were significantly higher than in control group after treatment, cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and CRP), CD8+, liver function indexes (AST and ALT) and renal function indexes (BUN and Cre) were significantly lower than in control group after treatment. Differences between the two groups showed statistical significance.Conclusion:Combination of Pirarubicin postoperative immediately bladder irrigation and compound matrine injection could enhance immune functions, improve inflammatory reactions and decrease chemotherapeutics toxicities for patients with superficial bladder cancer. It is of great significance on clinical therapy for those patients.

Cryoablation techniques in bladder cancer: A review

Bladder cancer(BC)ranks as the tenth most common cancer globally.Histopathologically,BC is broadly categorized into urothelial and non-urothelial BC.Urothelial carcinoma represents over 90%of BC in most regions worldwide.The standard treatment procedure for diagnosing and treating non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer(NMIBC)is transurethral resection of bladder tumors(TURBT).Currently,the standard of care for muscle-invasive bladder cancer(MIBC)is neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy.Cryoablation therapy is a medical technique that uses extremely low temperatures to destroy diseased tissue.This treatment serves as a therapeutic tool for both benign and malignant diseases in organs such as the kidney,prostate gland,lung,liver,and breast,and is particularly effective for unresectable tumors,offering less trauma,quick recovery,good tolerability,and symptom control.However,cryoablation has its limitations.Over the past few years,cryoablation therapy has emerged as a new method for treating early BC.This treatment is minimally invasive,precise,and offers quick recovery,providing patients with a new treatment option.Although randomized studies are still limited,increasing evidence suggests its potential application in bladder cancer combined with transurethral resection(TURBT)or medication.Cryoablation is not standard therapy for bladder cancer.Treatment decisions should be discussed by a multidisciplinary team of urologists,oncologists,and interventional physicians and require more randomized controlled trials to define patient selection criteria and treatment approaches.

Holmium laser versus conventional transurethral resection of the bladder tumor

Background Transurethral resection of the bladder tumor （TURBT） remains the gold standard for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer （NMIBC）. Laser techniques have been widely used in urology. This analysis aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of holmium resection of the bladder tumor （HoLRBT）vs. TURBT. Methods A systemic search of MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library as well as manual bibliography searches were performed to identify the relevant studies. The pooled estimates of operation time, obturator nerve reflex rate, bladder perforation rate, bladder irrigation rate, catheterization time, hospital stay, and one- and two-year recurrence free survivals were calculated. Results Five studies were enrolled into our meta-analysis. No significant difference was observed in the operation time between groups （weighted mean difference （WMD） 1.01, 95% confidential interval （95% CI） -3.52-5.54, P=0.66）. The significant difference in the obturator nerve reflex （OR 0.05, 95% CI 0.01-0.04, P=0.004）, bladder perforation （OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.03-0.61, P=-0.009）, bladder irrigation （OR 0.13, 95% CI 0.04-0.45, P=0.001）, catheterization time （WMD -0.96, 95% C1-1.11 to-0.82, P 〈0.00001）, and hospital stay （WMD-1.46, 95% C1-1.65 to-1.27, P 〈0.00001）showed advantages of HoLRBT over TURBT. The 2-year recurrence free survival rate favors the HoLRBT group （OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.02-2.11, P=-0.04）. Conclusions As a promising technique, HoLRBT is safe and efficient, and showed several advantages over TURBT. HoLRBT can be used as an alternative procedure for TURBT in terms of low-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma or low-grade early TNM-stage urothelial carcinoma.

非肌层浸润性膀胱癌患者二次经尿道膀胱肿瘤钬激光切除术的临床意义

目的探讨非肌层浸润性膀胱癌(NMIBC)患者二次经尿道膀胱肿瘤钬激光切除术治疗的临床效果。方法选取82例NMIBC患者,按随机数字表法分为2组,各41例。对照组予以经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术(TURBT)治疗,观察组予以经尿道膀胱肿瘤钬激光切除术治疗。比较2组手术情况、炎症因子水平、氧化应激因子、病理诊断准确率及并发症。结果观察组肉眼血尿时间[(1.29±0.23)d]、尿管留置时间[(2.35±0.27)d]、术后膀胱冲洗时间[(1.42±0.25)d]较对照组短,有统计学差异(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后白介素-6(IL-6)[(67.25±6.19)pg/mL]、C反应蛋白(CRP)[(17.25±2.19)mg/L]及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)[(40.39±4.28)pg/mL]水平较对照组低,有统计学差异(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后丙二醛(MDA)[(5.74±1.05)mmol/L]水平低于对照组,超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)[(105.96±9.58)μmol/L]及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)[(70.14±6.23)pg/mL]水平较对照组高,有统计学差异(P<0.05)。观察组病理诊断准确率[90.24%(37/41)]高于对照组,并发症发生率[4.88%(2/41)]低于对照组,有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论二次经尿道膀胱肿瘤钬激光切除术治疗NMIBC较TURBT效果更佳,能够减轻手术创伤,缩短肉眼血尿、尿管留置时间,减轻炎症反应及氧化应激反应,且切除标本更符合病理分期要求,安全可靠。

Complete transurethral resection of bladder tumor before radical cystectomy is not a risk factor for organ-confined bladder cancer:A case-control study

Objectives:To investigate the role of complete transurethral resection of bladder tumor(TURBT)before radical cystectomy(RC)for organ-confined bladder cancer.Materials and methods:Data of patients who underwent RC in our center from January 2008 to December 2018 were retrospectively reviewed.Patients with>T2N0M0 disease and positive surgical margins and those who received neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy were excluded.Complete TURBT was defined as no visible lesion under endoscopic examination after TURBT or in the bladder specimen after RC.Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests assessed disease-free survival(DFS).Logistic and Cox regression analyses were performed to identify potential predictors.Results:A total of 236 patients were included in this review,including 207 males,with a median age of 61 years.The median tumor size was 3 cm,and a total of 94 patients had identified pathological T2 stage disease.Complete TURBT was correlated with tumor size(p=0.041),histological variants(p=0.026),and down-staging(p<0.001).Tumor size,grade,and histological variants were independent predictors of complete TURBT.During a median follow-up of 42.7 months,30 patients developed disease recurrence.Age and histological variants were independent predictors of DFS(p=0.022 and 0.032,respectively),whereas complete TURBT was not an independent predictor of DFS(p=0.156).Down-staging was not associated with survival outcome.Conclusions:Complete TURBT was correlated with an increased rate of down-staging before RC.It was not associated with better oncologic outcomes for patients with organ-confined bladder cancer.

经尿道单孔腔镜膀胱肿瘤整块切除术的离体动物模型实验研究

目的探讨电子膀胱软镜联合腹腔镜器械经尿道协同操作实施膀胱肿瘤整块切除的可行性,为该技术的临床应用提供参考。方法自行设计加工的经尿道单孔PORT、Olympus电子膀胱软镜作为观察镜,Φ1.8 mm软性抓钳作为协助显露器械及腹腔镜操作器械(组织剪、电钩、超声刀等),以离体猪膀胱为模型,经尿道放置自制单孔PORT,置入Olympus电子膀胱软镜观察膀胱内壁全貌及黏膜情况,在膀胱腔内设定病变部位,再经电子膀胱软镜的工作通道插入软性抓钳钳夹提拉待切除黏膜,并在目标位带张力固定,保持满意的观察视野,术者左手持膀胱软镜,右手操作腹腔镜器械经PORT进入膀胱腔,在软镜监视及软性抓钳提拉协同下,模拟剪切、推拨动作,实现对病变黏膜的整块切除。结果在2个离体猪膀胱模型上成功切除了4个不同部位的病灶处黏膜。结论体外实验显示电子膀胱软镜联合腹腔镜器械实施经尿道单孔腔镜膀胱肿瘤整块切除术,在不额外增加经皮膀胱切口医源性膀胱损伤的条件下,实现了多种器械协同作用下的切除效果,该方法处理膀胱肿瘤可行,进一步优化后具有临床应用潜力。

膀胱癌电切术后尿路感染Lasso-Logistic预测模型的构建

目的 分析膀胱癌电切术后尿路感染(UTI)发生情况,并构建Lasso-Logistic预测模型。方法 选取2022年5月—2023年10月首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院行尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术(TURBT)治疗后的920例膀胱癌患者,统计术后UTI发生率。根据是否发生UTI分为UTI组和非UTI组,比较2组临床资料;通过Lasso-Logistic回归分析膀胱癌患者术后UTI的影响因素,根据影响因素构建Lasso-Logistic预测模型;通过受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线、决策曲线分析(DCA)评价模型的预测效能和临床效用。结果 膀胱癌患者TURBT后住院期间UTI发生率为12.50%(115/920);Lasso-Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、高血压、糖尿病、血清降钙素原(PCT)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、外周血CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、尿液基质金属蛋白酶-7(MMP-7)、表面活性蛋白A(SP-A)和表面活性蛋白D(SP-D)均为膀胱癌患者术后发生UTI的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。根据影响因素构建Lasso-Logistic预测模型为:Logit(P)=-2.516+1.109×年龄+1.002×糖尿病+1.359×高血压+1.496×CRP+1.726×PCT+1.562×IL-6-1.155×CD3^(+)-1.280×CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)-1.032×IgA-1.411×IgM+1.589×MMP-7-0.843×SP-A-0.799×SP-D。ROC曲线结果显示,该模型预测膀胱癌患者术后发生UTI的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.944(95%CI:0.927~0.958),敏感度、特异度分别为87.83%、85.22%;DCA结果显示,该模型具有明显的正向净收益。结论 膀胱癌患者TURBT后UTI发生率较高,根据影响因素构建Lasso-Logistic预测模型可为临床预测UTI发生风险提供可靠参考依据。

经尿道整块剜除术与经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术在非肌层浸润性膀胱癌治疗中的疗效对比

目的对比经尿道整块剜除术(en bloc resection of bladder tumor,EBRBT)与经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术(transurethral resection of bladder tumor,TURBT)在非肌层浸润性膀胱癌(non-muscle invasive bladder cancer,NMIBC)治疗中的疗效。方法选取2021年4月至2023年2月于揭阳市人民医院接受手术治疗的58例NMIBC患者作为研究对象,按照计算机随机法分为EBRBT组和TURBT组,每组29例,分别行EBRBT和TURBT。观察两组患者围手术期指标、并发症、术后肌层侵犯率及术后1年肿瘤复发情况。结果两组手术时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);EBRBT组术中出血量为(10.71±4.78)ml,较TURBT组(16.58±6.27)ml少,EBRBT组术后尿管留置时间与住院时间分别为(3.23±1.66)d及(4.92±1.06)d,少于TURBT组的(4.75±1.71)d及(5.87±1.82)d,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);EBRBT组术后并发症发生率为3.45%(1/29),比TURBT组的20.69%(6/29)低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后EBRBT组肌层侵犯率、肿瘤复发率分别为92.59%和6.9%,显著低于和TURBT组的62.07%和26.67%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论EBRBT相较于TURBT安全性更好,患者预后效果更佳。