A new endophytic antagonistic fungus, Chaetomium spirale ND35 from Populus tomentosa, was reported. The bio-control trials of C. spirale ND35 against the Valsa Canker of apple were preliminarily investigated. The resu...A new endophytic antagonistic fungus, Chaetomium spirale ND35 from Populus tomentosa, was reported. The bio-control trials of C. spirale ND35 against the Valsa Canker of apple were preliminarily investigated. The results of dual culture on PDA plate showed that C. spirale ND35 was capable of strong antagonism against Valsa ceratosperma, and for inhibiting the mycelial growth of V. ceratosperma,.the crude extract of liquid culture of corn steep powder broth was more effective than that one of malt extract broth (MEB). The results of bio-control in greenhouse and field indicated that the disease incidence of apple tree treated with C. spirale ND35 was lower significantly than that treated by other methods. The re-isolation experiment suggested that C. spirale ND35 could colonize in stems and branches of apple trees successfully, and the ND35 colonization rate of the treatment with solid wheat bran culture was higher than that of corn steep powder broth, but the field experiment result the control effect of liquid culture of C. spirale ND35 was better than that of solid culture.展开更多
Urban trees are subjected to different damaging agents throughout their lifetime. The aims of this study were to identify tree damaging agents, and to obtain a Damage Severity Index (DSI) in order to categorize tree h...Urban trees are subjected to different damaging agents throughout their lifetime. The aims of this study were to identify tree damaging agents, and to obtain a Damage Severity Index (DSI) in order to categorize tree health condition at San Juan de Aragon Park. Each tree was identified at species level in 28 randomly established plots in ten sections of the study area. Up to two types of damage were recorded per tree, based on the FIA (Forest Inventory an Analysis Program) protocol, and a DSI was obtained for each damaged tree considering location of damage, nature of the damaging agent and severity. A total of 753 trees were assessed and 12 species and 27 damaging agents were identified. Cankers, galls, the pepper tree psyllid and the red gum lerp psyllid were the most frequent damaging agents. Australian pine, red gum, Mediterranean cypress, Mexican white cedar, and California pepper were the most affected species. The DSI ranged from 3 to 17 and the average was 7.9. Sections J and H and the species California pepper, Australian pine, and Mexican white cedar presented the highest DSI. The tree population had a moderate health condition, while the aforementioned sections and tree species showed the poorest.展开更多
腐烂病是一种主要发生于库尔勒香梨树皮内的严重病害,该研究通过高通量测序方法,对库尔勒香梨树皮内生菌的组成结构和多样性及影响因子进行研究,旨在探明库尔勒香梨树皮内生菌动态变化及受腐烂病和营养元素的影响。结果表明,库尔勒香梨...腐烂病是一种主要发生于库尔勒香梨树皮内的严重病害,该研究通过高通量测序方法,对库尔勒香梨树皮内生菌的组成结构和多样性及影响因子进行研究,旨在探明库尔勒香梨树皮内生菌动态变化及受腐烂病和营养元素的影响。结果表明,库尔勒香梨内生细菌分布于67个门555个属,真菌分布于9个门405个属。在属水平,细菌优势菌为大肠埃希菌(Escherichia)、醋酸杆菌属(Acetobacter)、链霉菌属(Streptomyces)、盐水球菌属(Salinicoccus),真菌优势菌为条锈菌属(Puccinia)、球囊霉属(Rhizophagus)、根霉属(Rhizopus)。库尔勒香梨树皮内生菌受腐烂病和营养元素显著影响。营养元素氮、磷、钾与部分内生菌存在不同程度的相关性,树皮内生真菌与氮、钾元素相关性更大。库尔勒香梨树皮内生菌的功能主要被注释到新陈代谢(metabolism)、有机系统(organic system)、环境信息加工(environmental information processing)3大通路,发病树皮的3大通路丰度高于健康树皮。该研究明确了新疆库尔勒香梨树皮内生菌群落结构与多样性,患腐烂病与健康树皮有一定的差异,内生菌与营养元素间存在相互作用,树皮中存在一定的有益微生物和可供开发利用的有益功能菌群,用于库尔勒香梨腐烂病的生物防治、促进果业发展。展开更多
基金This research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30100143)
文摘A new endophytic antagonistic fungus, Chaetomium spirale ND35 from Populus tomentosa, was reported. The bio-control trials of C. spirale ND35 against the Valsa Canker of apple were preliminarily investigated. The results of dual culture on PDA plate showed that C. spirale ND35 was capable of strong antagonism against Valsa ceratosperma, and for inhibiting the mycelial growth of V. ceratosperma,.the crude extract of liquid culture of corn steep powder broth was more effective than that one of malt extract broth (MEB). The results of bio-control in greenhouse and field indicated that the disease incidence of apple tree treated with C. spirale ND35 was lower significantly than that treated by other methods. The re-isolation experiment suggested that C. spirale ND35 could colonize in stems and branches of apple trees successfully, and the ND35 colonization rate of the treatment with solid wheat bran culture was higher than that of corn steep powder broth, but the field experiment result the control effect of liquid culture of C. spirale ND35 was better than that of solid culture.
文摘Urban trees are subjected to different damaging agents throughout their lifetime. The aims of this study were to identify tree damaging agents, and to obtain a Damage Severity Index (DSI) in order to categorize tree health condition at San Juan de Aragon Park. Each tree was identified at species level in 28 randomly established plots in ten sections of the study area. Up to two types of damage were recorded per tree, based on the FIA (Forest Inventory an Analysis Program) protocol, and a DSI was obtained for each damaged tree considering location of damage, nature of the damaging agent and severity. A total of 753 trees were assessed and 12 species and 27 damaging agents were identified. Cankers, galls, the pepper tree psyllid and the red gum lerp psyllid were the most frequent damaging agents. Australian pine, red gum, Mediterranean cypress, Mexican white cedar, and California pepper were the most affected species. The DSI ranged from 3 to 17 and the average was 7.9. Sections J and H and the species California pepper, Australian pine, and Mexican white cedar presented the highest DSI. The tree population had a moderate health condition, while the aforementioned sections and tree species showed the poorest.
文摘腐烂病是一种主要发生于库尔勒香梨树皮内的严重病害,该研究通过高通量测序方法,对库尔勒香梨树皮内生菌的组成结构和多样性及影响因子进行研究,旨在探明库尔勒香梨树皮内生菌动态变化及受腐烂病和营养元素的影响。结果表明,库尔勒香梨内生细菌分布于67个门555个属,真菌分布于9个门405个属。在属水平,细菌优势菌为大肠埃希菌(Escherichia)、醋酸杆菌属(Acetobacter)、链霉菌属(Streptomyces)、盐水球菌属(Salinicoccus),真菌优势菌为条锈菌属(Puccinia)、球囊霉属(Rhizophagus)、根霉属(Rhizopus)。库尔勒香梨树皮内生菌受腐烂病和营养元素显著影响。营养元素氮、磷、钾与部分内生菌存在不同程度的相关性,树皮内生真菌与氮、钾元素相关性更大。库尔勒香梨树皮内生菌的功能主要被注释到新陈代谢(metabolism)、有机系统(organic system)、环境信息加工(environmental information processing)3大通路,发病树皮的3大通路丰度高于健康树皮。该研究明确了新疆库尔勒香梨树皮内生菌群落结构与多样性,患腐烂病与健康树皮有一定的差异,内生菌与营养元素间存在相互作用,树皮中存在一定的有益微生物和可供开发利用的有益功能菌群,用于库尔勒香梨腐烂病的生物防治、促进果业发展。
