Groundwater is reported to account for 87% of all drinking water resources in Dhaka which has suffered a decline of up to 75 m in some specific location. Over-extraction of groundwater is an extensive social problem i...Groundwater is reported to account for 87% of all drinking water resources in Dhaka which has suffered a decline of up to 75 m in some specific location. Over-extraction of groundwater is an extensive social problem in Dhaka and Gazipur city which needs to be investigating thoroughly. This study presents the diagnosis of groundwater depletion pattern and the yearly rate of decline over the last three decades for Dhaka and Gazipur metropolitan area. Groundwater data were collected from the relevant institutions in order to analyse the trend line and the rate of decline of groundwater levels for more than 30 years period to understand the long-time variability. Ten individual stations datasets for GWL have been analyzed for Dhaka and Gazipur within a selected reference time period (1980-2012). The highest depleted GWL were found in the Mirpur station which is now 68 m below ground. To find out the time span when the depletion rate is highest, the rate of decline of all datasets has been computed which shows that 1998-2005 is the consecutive eight years time span with the fastest depletion rate. On the other hand, the annual trend-line analysis shows rapid depletion pattern after the year 2000.展开更多
The proposed model considers the products with finite shelf-life which causes a small amount of decay. The market demand is assumed to be level dependent and in a linear form. The model has also considered the constan...The proposed model considers the products with finite shelf-life which causes a small amount of decay. The market demand is assumed to be level dependent and in a linear form. The model has also considered the constant production rate which stops attaining a desired level of inventories and that is the highest level of inventories. Production starts with a buffer stock and without any sort of backlogs. Due to the market demand and product’s decay, the inventory reduces to the level of buffer stock where again the production cycle starts. With a numerical search procedure the proof of the proposed model has been shown. The objective of the model is to obtain the total average optimum inventory cost and optimum ordering cycle.展开更多
The aim of this study is to establish the prevailing conditions of changing climatic trends and change point dates in four selected meteorological stations of Uyo, Benin, Port Harcourt, and Warri in the Niger Delta re...The aim of this study is to establish the prevailing conditions of changing climatic trends and change point dates in four selected meteorological stations of Uyo, Benin, Port Harcourt, and Warri in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Using daily or 24-hourly annual maximum series (AMS) data with the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) and the modified Chowdury Indian Meteorological Department (MCIMD) models were adopted to downscale the time series data. Mann-Kendall (MK) trend and Sen’s Slope Estimator (SSE) test showed a statistically significant trend for Uyo and Benin, while Port Harcourt and Warri showed mild trends. The Sen’s Slope magnitude and variation rate were 21.6, 10.8, 6.00 and 4.4 mm/decade, respectively. The trend change-point analysis showed the initial rainfall change-point dates as 2002, 2005, 1988, and 2000 for Uyo, Benin, Port Harcourt, and Warri, respectively. These prove positive changing climatic conditions for rainfall in the study area. Erosion and flood control facilities analysis and design in the Niger Delta will require the application of Non-stationary IDF modelling.展开更多
目的分析2000—2019年我国肝癌发病与死亡趋势,为我国肝癌防治策略的制订提供科学依据。方法收集2000—2019年全球健康数据交换(the Global Health Data Exchange,GHDx)数据库中我国肝癌发病与死亡个案信息,运用JoinPoint回归模型以平...目的分析2000—2019年我国肝癌发病与死亡趋势,为我国肝癌防治策略的制订提供科学依据。方法收集2000—2019年全球健康数据交换(the Global Health Data Exchange,GHDx)数据库中我国肝癌发病与死亡个案信息,运用JoinPoint回归模型以平均年度变化百分比(average annual percent change,AAPC)和年度变化百分比(annual percent change,APC)分别描述全人群、不同性别及不同年龄肝癌发病与死亡的变化趋势。结果2000—2019年我国肝癌发病和死亡总例数分别为4322652例和4093855例,标化发病率和死亡率分别为11.31/10万和9.68/10万。2000—2019年我国肝癌的发病率呈下降趋势(AAPC=-2.11%),其中2000—2002年和2002—2005年均呈下降趋势,APC分别为-10.55%和-15.45%;2005—2010年和2010—2019年均呈上升趋势,APC分别为0.44%和3.39%;男性和女性人群的发病率均呈下降趋势(AAPC=-1.95%,-2.43%)。2000—2019我国肝癌的死亡率呈下降趋势(AAPC=-2.41%),其中2000—2005年呈下降趋势,APC为-13.52%,2005—2012年和2012—2019年均呈上升趋势,APC分别为0.18%和3.64%;男性和女性人群的死亡率均呈下降趋势(AAPC=-2.34%,-2.60%)。我国肝癌的年龄别发病率及死亡率随着年龄的增长呈不断上升的趋势(AAPC=5.94%,7.10%),其中男性年龄别发病率在10~40岁之间增长较快,80岁之后增长速度有所下降,女性则整体呈上升趋势;男性年龄别死亡率在5~10岁之间增长率较大,女性则随着年龄的增长整体呈上升趋势。结论2000—2019年我国肝癌发病率及死亡率整体呈下降趋势,男性的发病率和死亡率大于女性,且随年龄增长呈上升趋势,男性及老年人群是肝癌重点关注人群。展开更多
文摘Groundwater is reported to account for 87% of all drinking water resources in Dhaka which has suffered a decline of up to 75 m in some specific location. Over-extraction of groundwater is an extensive social problem in Dhaka and Gazipur city which needs to be investigating thoroughly. This study presents the diagnosis of groundwater depletion pattern and the yearly rate of decline over the last three decades for Dhaka and Gazipur metropolitan area. Groundwater data were collected from the relevant institutions in order to analyse the trend line and the rate of decline of groundwater levels for more than 30 years period to understand the long-time variability. Ten individual stations datasets for GWL have been analyzed for Dhaka and Gazipur within a selected reference time period (1980-2012). The highest depleted GWL were found in the Mirpur station which is now 68 m below ground. To find out the time span when the depletion rate is highest, the rate of decline of all datasets has been computed which shows that 1998-2005 is the consecutive eight years time span with the fastest depletion rate. On the other hand, the annual trend-line analysis shows rapid depletion pattern after the year 2000.
文摘The proposed model considers the products with finite shelf-life which causes a small amount of decay. The market demand is assumed to be level dependent and in a linear form. The model has also considered the constant production rate which stops attaining a desired level of inventories and that is the highest level of inventories. Production starts with a buffer stock and without any sort of backlogs. Due to the market demand and product’s decay, the inventory reduces to the level of buffer stock where again the production cycle starts. With a numerical search procedure the proof of the proposed model has been shown. The objective of the model is to obtain the total average optimum inventory cost and optimum ordering cycle.
文摘The aim of this study is to establish the prevailing conditions of changing climatic trends and change point dates in four selected meteorological stations of Uyo, Benin, Port Harcourt, and Warri in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Using daily or 24-hourly annual maximum series (AMS) data with the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) and the modified Chowdury Indian Meteorological Department (MCIMD) models were adopted to downscale the time series data. Mann-Kendall (MK) trend and Sen’s Slope Estimator (SSE) test showed a statistically significant trend for Uyo and Benin, while Port Harcourt and Warri showed mild trends. The Sen’s Slope magnitude and variation rate were 21.6, 10.8, 6.00 and 4.4 mm/decade, respectively. The trend change-point analysis showed the initial rainfall change-point dates as 2002, 2005, 1988, and 2000 for Uyo, Benin, Port Harcourt, and Warri, respectively. These prove positive changing climatic conditions for rainfall in the study area. Erosion and flood control facilities analysis and design in the Niger Delta will require the application of Non-stationary IDF modelling.
文摘目的分析2000—2019年我国肝癌发病与死亡趋势,为我国肝癌防治策略的制订提供科学依据。方法收集2000—2019年全球健康数据交换(the Global Health Data Exchange,GHDx)数据库中我国肝癌发病与死亡个案信息,运用JoinPoint回归模型以平均年度变化百分比(average annual percent change,AAPC)和年度变化百分比(annual percent change,APC)分别描述全人群、不同性别及不同年龄肝癌发病与死亡的变化趋势。结果2000—2019年我国肝癌发病和死亡总例数分别为4322652例和4093855例,标化发病率和死亡率分别为11.31/10万和9.68/10万。2000—2019年我国肝癌的发病率呈下降趋势(AAPC=-2.11%),其中2000—2002年和2002—2005年均呈下降趋势,APC分别为-10.55%和-15.45%;2005—2010年和2010—2019年均呈上升趋势,APC分别为0.44%和3.39%;男性和女性人群的发病率均呈下降趋势(AAPC=-1.95%,-2.43%)。2000—2019我国肝癌的死亡率呈下降趋势(AAPC=-2.41%),其中2000—2005年呈下降趋势,APC为-13.52%,2005—2012年和2012—2019年均呈上升趋势,APC分别为0.18%和3.64%;男性和女性人群的死亡率均呈下降趋势(AAPC=-2.34%,-2.60%)。我国肝癌的年龄别发病率及死亡率随着年龄的增长呈不断上升的趋势(AAPC=5.94%,7.10%),其中男性年龄别发病率在10~40岁之间增长较快,80岁之后增长速度有所下降,女性则整体呈上升趋势;男性年龄别死亡率在5~10岁之间增长率较大,女性则随着年龄的增长整体呈上升趋势。结论2000—2019年我国肝癌发病率及死亡率整体呈下降趋势,男性的发病率和死亡率大于女性,且随年龄增长呈上升趋势,男性及老年人群是肝癌重点关注人群。
