Differences between Fallers by Tripping and Nonfallers in the OSFS Test

This study evaluates the effects of a fall experience caused by tripping during the repetitive stepping movements over an obstacle [obstacle-single leg forward step (OSFS) test]. The study included 147 participants who were divided into 2 groups: 25 fallers caused by tripping and 122 nonfallers. The subjects were asked to step forward over a 10-cm-high obstacle with 1 leg and then return to their original position, as quickly as possible, and this test was repeated for 5 times. The OSFS test was evaluated in 2 phases: the OSFS-F phase, wherein the participants stepped forward on one leg, and the OSFS-R phase, wherein they returned to their original position. Significant differences were observed in both phases of the OSFS test between the two groups, and the fallers by tripping were significantly inferior to the nonfallers. The area under the curve [AUC;area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve] was more than 0.63 for all the parameters, which was statistically significant. In conclusion, the fallers by tripping were inferior to the nonfallers in the obstacle step movement.

The effects of fall experience by tripping on the movement of stepping over an obstacle

This study examines the effects of fall experience caused by tripping on the movement of stepping over an obstacle. The participants were divided into 3 groups (26 fallers caused by tripping, 24 fallers caused by other causes, and 145 non-fallers). Participants stepped forward over a 10 cm high obstacle with one leg, and then returned to their original position five times as quickly as possible. The OSFS (obstacle single leg forward step) test was measured in the following 2 phases: the OSFS-F phase, in which participants stepped out on one leg, and the OSFS-R phase, in which they returned it. Significant differences among the three groups were found in all parameters, and the fallers by tripping were significantly inferior to the non-fallers. There were no significant differences between the fallers by other reasons and the non-fallers in all parameters. The fallers by tripping were slower in the obstacle step movement than the non-fallers.

度假租赁平台Tripping完成1600万美元B轮投资

7月29日,旧金山度假租赁搜索引擎Tripping.com获得1600万美元B轮投资。本轮融资由纽约早期投资机构Steadfast Venture Capital领投,前Expedia CEO Erik Blachford、7 Seas Venture Partners、Enspire Capital、Azure Capital、

Intelligent Predetermination of Generator Tripping Scheme: Knowledge Fusion-based Deep Reinforcement Learning Framework

Generator tripping scheme(GTS)is the most commonly used scheme to prevent power systems from losing safety and stability.Usually,GTS is composed of offline predetermination and real-time scenario match.However,it is extremely time-consuming and labor-intensive for manual predetermination for a large-scale modern power system.To improve efficiency of predetermination,this paper proposes a framework of knowledge fusion-based deep reinforcement learning(KF-DRL)for intelligent predetermination of GTS.First,the Markov Decision Process(MDP)for GTS problem is formulated based on transient instability events.Then,linear action space is developed to reduce dimensionality of action space for multiple controllable generators.Especially,KF-DRL leverages domain knowledge about GTS to mask invalid actions during the decision-making process.This can enhance the efficiency and learning process.Moreover,the graph convolutional network(GCN)is introduced to the policy network for enhanced learning ability.Numerical simulation results obtained on New England power system demonstrate superiority of the proposed KF-DRL framework for GTS over the purely data-driven DRL method.

药品数据专有权国际立法溯源与中国制度安排

药品上市审批对于药品安全有效性数据的专门审查要求,造就了涉及药品数据的独特知识产权保护机制。基于药品数据获取的高昂投入及其对于药品仿制与后续创新的重要价值,美欧发达国家在世界范围内率先建立了药品数据保护机制,其逐渐成为一项国际性的法律规则。无论是美欧发达国家的立法,还是相关国际法律规则,对于药品数据的知识产权保护都呈现从商业秘密模式向专有权机制转变的立法格局。产业利益驱动无疑是其中的一个重要诱因,但归根结底是源自药品数据专有权有效兼顾原研发药企经济利益与社会公众健康权益的制度优势。鉴于此,在药品数据专有权保护的国际趋势下,我国应从本土药品产业激励创新与规范仿制的基本诉求出发,以必要的内部限制与外部监管明确药品数据专有权的法律边界,并通过药品数据动态化公示平台的设置与药品数据付费使用模式的创设,建构起与药品专利制度有机衔接的数据专有权保护机制。

热处理工艺对吉帕级Q & P钢组织和力学性能的影响

采用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪及拉伸试验机等,研究了热处理工艺对冷轧态和预淬火态Q&P钢显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:冷轧态试验钢组织呈等轴状,预淬火态试验钢组织具有层片状特征;对于冷轧态试样,两相区保温温度、淬火温度和配分温度均会对试验钢的力学性能产生明显影响,残留奥氏体的稳定性参数R值与强塑积的变化趋势一致,表明在拉伸载荷作用下残留奥氏体发挥相变诱发塑性(transformation induced plasticity, TRIP)效应是试验钢强塑化的主要原因;对于预淬火态试样,层片状组织有助于残留奥氏体更好地增强TRIP效应,并阻碍裂纹扩展,从而进一步提高其强塑积。

TRIP13通过同源重组通路提高肺腺癌细胞的放射抗性

背景与目的放疗是非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)最常用的治疗手段之一。然而,一部分肿瘤细胞对放射线的不敏感是放疗疗效差、患者预后不良的重要原因之一,探究放射抵抗背后的深层机制是解决这一临床难题的关键。本研究旨在寻找与肺腺癌(lungadenocarcinoma,LUAD)放射抵抗相关的分子,初步经数据库筛选锁定甲状腺素受体结合因子13(thyroid hormone receptor interactor 13,TRIP13)为主要研究对象,并探索TRIP13是否与LUAD的放射抵抗有关及具体机制,以期为临床接受放疗的LUAD患者的联合治疗提供理论依据和潜在靶点。方法选取基因表达综合数据库(Gene Expression Omnibus,GEO)中的GSE18842、GSE19188和GSE33532共3个数据集,借助R 4.1.3软件分别筛选3个数据集中差异表达的基因(|logFC|>1.5,P<0.05),之后使用Venn diagram找出在3个数据集中共有的差异表达基因。随后,借助STRING在线工具和Cytoscape软件,对筛选出来的差异基因进行蛋白质相互作用分析和模块分析,借助Kaplan-Meier Plotter数据库对各基因进行生存预后分析,并确定TRIP13基因作为后续主要研究分子。随后,采用亚致死性剂量照射法对人LUAD细胞系H292进行多次X射线照射,以构建具有放射抗性的细胞系H292DR。采用细胞计数试剂盒-8(cell counting kit-8,CCK-8)实验和克隆形成实验验证H292DR细胞的放射抗性能力。Western blot检测H292细胞和H292DR细胞中TRIP13蛋白的表达水平。使用小干扰RNA(small interfering RNA,siRNA)沉默H292DR细胞中TRIP 13蛋白的表达并进行Western blot检测。观察TRIP13沉默后H292DR细胞的克隆形成能力和迁移能力,随后检测共济失调-毛细血管扩张突变(ataxia telangiectasia mutated,ATM)蛋白等与同源重组密切相关的蛋白的表达水平变化。结果经多个GEO数据集筛选、外部数据集的验证以及生存分析发现,TRIP13在LUAD中高表达,并与接受过放疗的LUAD患者的不良预后有关;并且,TRIP13基因富集分析(gene set enrichment analysis,GSEA)的结果提示,TRIP13可能通过促进放疗后的同源重组修复而与LUAD放射抵抗有密切关联。经实验检测发现,TRIP13的表达在H292DR中上调,而沉默TRIP13后能够增加H292DR细胞对放射线的敏感性。结论TRIP13与接受放疗后的LUAD患者的预后不良有关,可能是通过促进同源重组修复途径来介导LUAD细胞对放射线的抵抗。

An Optimal Over-frequency Generator Tripping Strategy for Regional Power Grid with High Penetration Level of Renewable Energy

This paper proposes an optimal over-frequency generator tripping strategy aiming at implementing the least amount of generator tripping for the regional power grid with high penetration level of wind/photovoltaic(PV),to handle the over-frequency problem in the sending-end power grid under large disturbances.A steady-state frequency abnormal index is defined to measure the degrees of generator over-tripping and under-tripping,and a transient frequency abnormal index is presented to assess the system abnormal frequency effect during the transient process,which reflects the frequency security margin during the generator tripping process.The scenariobased analysis method combined with the non-parametric kernel density estimation method is applied to model the uncertainty of the outgoing power caused by the stochastic fluctuations of wind/PV power and loads.Furthermore,an improved fireworks algorithm is utilized for the solution of the proposed optimization model.Finally,the simulations are performed on a real-sized regional power grid in Southern China to verify the effectiveness and adaptability of the proposed model and method.

中锰Q&P钢微观组织演变和力学性能分析

探究了在不同退火温度下,中锰Q&P钢微观组织演变和力学性能的特征。深入分析了残余奥氏体含量及稳定性、残余奥氏体的形貌特征,讨论了其加工硬化行为和TRIP效应。研究发现,退火温度的改变能显著影响残余奥氏体含量及微观形貌特征,位错密度能显著改善残余奥氏体机械稳定性,不同形态的奥氏体结构的交错分布更有利于性能的改善。当退火温度达到700℃时,抗拉强度为1290 MPa,延伸率为34.08%,强塑积可达43.96GPa·%。

Differential Power Based Selective Phase Tripping for Fault-resilient Microgrid

Modern fault-resilient microgrids(MGs)require the operation of healthy phases during unbalanced short-circuits to improve the system reliability.This study proposes a differential power based selective phase tripping scheme for MGs consisting of synchronous and inverter-interfaced distributed generators(DGs).First,the differential power is computed using the line-end superimposed voltage and current signals.Subsequently,to make the scheme threshold-free,a power coefficient index is derived and used for identifying faulted phases in an MG.The protection scheme is tested on a standard MG operating in either grid-connected or islanding mode,which is simulated using PSCAD/EMTDC.The efficacy of the scheme is also assessed on the OPAL-RT manufactured real-time digital simulation(RTDS)platform.Further,the performance of the proposed protection scheme is compared with a few existing methods.The results show that the selective tripping of faulted phases in MGs can be achieved quickly and securely using the proposed scheme.

INVESTIGATION OF THE MEAN-FLOW SCALING AND TRIPPING EFFECT ON FULLY DEVELOPED TURBULENT PIPE FLOW

Fully developed turbulence measurements in pipe flow were made in theReynolds number range from 10 X 10~3 to 350 X 10~3 with hot-wire anemometer and a Pilot tube.Comparisons were made with the experimental results of previous researchers. The mean velocityprofile and the turbulent intensity in the experiments indicate that for the mean velocity profile,in the fully developed turbulent pipe flow, von Karman's constant κ is a function of the Reynoldsnumber, i. e. κ increases slowly with the Reynolds number. For turbulent pipe flow, the outer limitdepends on whether the Kdrmdn number R^+ is greater or less than 850 in the centerline velocityprofile: a log law exists for 850 < R^+< 1750 in the experiment, and von Karman' s constant κ isshown to be 0. 408. Under the effects of the test trip at the inlet, fully developed turbulence wasobtained in pipe flow at lower Reynolds number when the entrance length (x/D) was larger than 40. Inthe experiment it was also found that turbulence quantities in pipe flow remain independent of theupstream conditions when the trip blockage ratio is higher than 20%, and the comparison with channelwater flow was also performed.

TRIP13促进子宫内膜癌增殖、迁移和侵袭的影响及作用机制

目的:探讨甲状腺激素受体因子13(Thyroid hormone receptor interactor 13,TRIP13)对子宫内膜癌(Endometrial carcinoma,EC)增殖、迁移和侵袭的影响及调控机制。方法:分析TRIP13在子宫内膜癌中的表达模式;通过慢病毒敲减和质粒过表达调控子宫内膜癌细胞中TRIP13的表达量;通过CCK-8、Transwell迁移及侵袭实验观察TRIP13对子宫内膜癌细胞增殖、迁移及侵袭能力的影响;通过Western blot技术检测TRIP13表达水平的变化,并研究其对PI3K/Akt信号通路蛋白的影响。结果:癌症基因组图谱(The Cancer Genome Atlas,TCGA)分析发现,子宫内膜癌组织中TRIP13的表达水平显著高于正常子宫内膜组织(P<0.05);TRIP13的高表达与子宫内膜癌患者的低生存率呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。TRIP13过表达可促进子宫内膜癌细胞的增殖、迁移及侵袭能力(P<0.05),并上调p-PI3K、p-Akt的表达(P<0.05),而下调TRIP13后则可逆转上述结果。结论:TRIP13通过调控PI3K/Akt信号通路促进子宫内膜癌细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭。

Microstructure and mechanical properties of a cast TRIP-assisted multiphase stainless steel

Stainless steels are used in a wide range of complex environments due to their excellent corrosion resistance.Multiphase stainless steels can offer an excellent combination of strength,toughness and corrosion resistance due to the coexistence of different microstructures.The microstructure and mechanical properties of a novel cast multiphase stainless steel,composed of martensite,ferrite,and austenite,were investigated following appropriate heat treatment processes:solution treatment at 1,050℃ for 0.5 h followed by water quenching to room temperature,and aging treatment at 500℃ for 4 h followed by water quenching to room temperature.Results show reversed austenite is formed by diffusion of Ni element during aging process,and the enrichment of Ni atoms directly determines the mechanical stability of austenite.The austenite with a lower Ni content undergoes a martensitic transformation during plastic deformation.The tensile strength of the specimen exceeds 1,100 MPa and the elongation exceeds 24%after solid solution,and further increases to 1,247 MPa and 25%after aging treatment.This enhancement is due to the TRIP effect of austenite and the precipitation of the nanoscale G-phase pinning dislocations in ferrite and martensite.

Spring Festival Boom Propels Concerted Consumption

The 474 million trips-raking in RMB 632.69 billion of tourism-related revenue-during the eight-day Spring Festival holiday indisputably signifies both the vitality of China’s economy and the huge potential of the country’s domestic consumption.The figures respectively represent a 19 percent increase and a 7.7 percent growth over those for the same holiday period,prior to the COVID-19 pandemic,in 2019,according to data released by the country’s Ministry of Culture and Tourism on February 18.

Modern Development and Maintaining Self-Developing Identity

Two recent trips to cities in China got me thinking a lot about China’s development and efforts to maintain its identity.While China is developing with strong momentum in every sector,it has succeeded at preserving and upholding its ancient traditions and customs.These trips showed me a country not only keen on technological and infrastructural advancement but also deeply committed to cultural preservation and promotion.In every corner of these cities,I witnessed a harmonious blend of the old and new,a testament to China’s dedication to maintaining its cultural heritage while embracing modernity.

China Ushers in Consumption Boom During Chinese New Year

Chinese New Year holiday has ignited a new round of consumption boom.During the eight-day holiday,China experienced an estimated 474 million domestic travel trips,China's Ministry of Culture and Tourism reported.The number of trips marked the 34.3%increase from the year prior and a 19%jump from 2019.According to government figures,domestic tourists spent over 632.687 billion yuan,an increase of 7.7%compared to holiday spending in 2019 and a 47.3%year-over-year hike.China witnessed approximately 6.83 million cross-border tourists during the holiday period,with about 3.6 million outbound tourists and 3.23 million inbound tourists.

News Roundup

The passenger flow in Moroccan airports reached a record high of over 27 million trips in 2023,increasing by 32 percent year on year,the Moroccan Airports Authority(ONDA)said on 15 January.

从TRIPS到CPTPP:著作权国际保护标准的提高及对中国的启示

随着后TRIPS时代的到来,TRIPS所建立的著作权国际保护体系显得难以适应快速发展的经济与科技环境。因此,各国开始以自由贸易协定的模式探索著作权国际保护新标准,比如签订CPTPP。文章通过对CPTPP与TRIPS文本的研究对比,认为CPTPP著作权国际保护标准较TRIPS有了大幅提升,扩大了复制权、向公众传播权的保护范围和权利主体范围,延长了权利保护期限,缩减了著作权的限制与例外空间,增加了损害赔偿数额,加强了执法力度和知识产权救济措施。2021年,我国正式申请加入CPTPP,为能顺利对接国际著作权保护规则,文章具体分析了国内著作权法律制度与国际规则的差异,并提出了应对之策。

FRAND许可语境下的专利强制许可

FRAND许可与强制许可分属自愿与非自愿许可。但随着司法机关逐渐干预FRAND许可谈判流程、反垄断法理念的不断引入,FRAND许可有向强制许可进行制度借鉴的趋势。这主要体现在三个方面。司法机关设置FRAND许可费率是对强制许可中政府设置许可费的借鉴,但这种借鉴尚需司法机关更合理的论证。许可对象争议源于通信终端设备与汽车制造领域的惯例差异,“对任一人许可”的观点更能与强制许可的非专有性要求相符。针对禁令的强制许可抗辩以已开展合理磋商程序为前提,可与强制许可的事前磋商要求对应。

跨学科主题教学中提升学生关键能力的实践研究

跨学科主题教学中,教师引导学生从实际生活中发现问题,通过团队合作探究活动展开深入研究,形成包括课题研究报告、创新作品说明、实验报告、调查报告、行动方案等不同形式的学习成果。学习过程中,学生按需运用多门学科知识,通过合理分工与合作,完成资料收集、方案设计、课题研究、实验求证、作品制作、调查研判、交流评价等学习活动,从而有效提升学生的关键能力。