The complex permittivity of baijiu varies with frequency,and dielectric spectroscopy has been used to evaluate the quality.To simplify the analysis and reduce the number of the parameters,a dielectric relaxation model...The complex permittivity of baijiu varies with frequency,and dielectric spectroscopy has been used to evaluate the quality.To simplify the analysis and reduce the number of the parameters,a dielectric relaxation model is often used to fit the permittivity data.However,existing fitting methods such as the least squares and particle swarm optimization methods are often computationally complex and require preset initial values.Therefore,a simpler calculation method of the relaxation parameters considering the geometric characteristics of the permittivity spectrum is proposed.It is based on the relationship between the Cole-Cole relaxation parameters and the Cole-Cole diagram,which is fitted by a geometric method.First,the concepts of the Cole-Cole parameters and the diagram are introduced,and then the process of obtaining the parameters from the complex permittivity measurement data is explained.Taking baijiu with 56%alcohol by volume(ABV)as an example,the fitting is better than the least squares method and similar to the particle swarm optimization.This method is then used for the parameter fitting of baijiu with ABV of 42-52%,and the average error is less than 1%,demonstrating its wider applicability.Finally,a prediction model is used for baijiu with 53%ABV,and the error is only 1.51%.Hence,the method can be applied to the measurement of ABV of baijiu.展开更多
为了研究复杂应力路径下冻融循环作用对黄土强度特性的影响作用,利用真三轴试验仪对经历了不同冻融循环作用的重塑黄土,进行了等p应力路径下的固结排水剪切试验。在冻融试验中设定试样分别经历5个不同的冻融循环为0,1,3,5,10,在剪切试...为了研究复杂应力路径下冻融循环作用对黄土强度特性的影响作用,利用真三轴试验仪对经历了不同冻融循环作用的重塑黄土,进行了等p应力路径下的固结排水剪切试验。在冻融试验中设定试样分别经历5个不同的冻融循环为0,1,3,5,10,在剪切试验中控制球应力p恒定分别为200,300,400 k Pa,并分别设定五个中主应力参数b值为0,0.25,0.5,0.75,1。试验结果给出重塑黄土的应力应变曲线,重塑黄土p-q面上的强度破坏线,研究了冻融循环作用在不同b时对土体应力应变的曲线的影响及冻融作用和b值对重塑黄土强度参数的影响。研究结果表明:冻融作用对土体的应力应变曲线形态基本没有影响,而b的改变对对其形态影响显著。抗剪强度随冻融次数先降低而后略有升高最后趋于稳定,而随着b值一直在减小。黏聚力随冻融次数先减小而后趋于稳定,随b值先增大而后减小;内摩擦角随冻融次数无规律的小范围波动,随b值小范围的先增大后减小。展开更多
基金financially supported by the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.SJCX23_0099)。
文摘The complex permittivity of baijiu varies with frequency,and dielectric spectroscopy has been used to evaluate the quality.To simplify the analysis and reduce the number of the parameters,a dielectric relaxation model is often used to fit the permittivity data.However,existing fitting methods such as the least squares and particle swarm optimization methods are often computationally complex and require preset initial values.Therefore,a simpler calculation method of the relaxation parameters considering the geometric characteristics of the permittivity spectrum is proposed.It is based on the relationship between the Cole-Cole relaxation parameters and the Cole-Cole diagram,which is fitted by a geometric method.First,the concepts of the Cole-Cole parameters and the diagram are introduced,and then the process of obtaining the parameters from the complex permittivity measurement data is explained.Taking baijiu with 56%alcohol by volume(ABV)as an example,the fitting is better than the least squares method and similar to the particle swarm optimization.This method is then used for the parameter fitting of baijiu with ABV of 42-52%,and the average error is less than 1%,demonstrating its wider applicability.Finally,a prediction model is used for baijiu with 53%ABV,and the error is only 1.51%.Hence,the method can be applied to the measurement of ABV of baijiu.
文摘为了研究复杂应力路径下冻融循环作用对黄土强度特性的影响作用,利用真三轴试验仪对经历了不同冻融循环作用的重塑黄土,进行了等p应力路径下的固结排水剪切试验。在冻融试验中设定试样分别经历5个不同的冻融循环为0,1,3,5,10,在剪切试验中控制球应力p恒定分别为200,300,400 k Pa,并分别设定五个中主应力参数b值为0,0.25,0.5,0.75,1。试验结果给出重塑黄土的应力应变曲线,重塑黄土p-q面上的强度破坏线,研究了冻融循环作用在不同b时对土体应力应变的曲线的影响及冻融作用和b值对重塑黄土强度参数的影响。研究结果表明:冻融作用对土体的应力应变曲线形态基本没有影响,而b的改变对对其形态影响显著。抗剪强度随冻融次数先降低而后略有升高最后趋于稳定,而随着b值一直在减小。黏聚力随冻融次数先减小而后趋于稳定,随b值先增大而后减小;内摩擦角随冻融次数无规律的小范围波动,随b值小范围的先增大后减小。
