The recruitment of exogenous endothelial progenitor cells in lung tumor model of nude mice

Background and Objective: Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play an important role in hypoxia-triggered tumor vasculogenesis. However, the homing of exogenous EPCs in tumors is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the recruitment of exogenous EPCs in human lung adenocarcinoma model of nude mice. Methods: EPCs labeled with green fluorescence protein (GFP) were transplanted into nude mice bearing human lung adenocarcinoma. The growth of tumor was observed. After the mice were killed, GFP-EPCs in different tissues were examined by fluorescence. The tumor tissues were stained for CD133, hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α), stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α), and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (KDR). Real-time polymerase chain reaction of CD133, HIF-1α, SDF-1α, and VEGF-1 were also performed. Results: The growth of tumor in EPC group was significantly faster than that in saline solution group (P < 0.05). Under fluorescence microscope, GFP-EPCs were strongly expressed in both tumor and bone marrow. EPCs were recruited to the tumor periphery to participate in tumor vasculogenesis. The expression of CD133, HIF-1α, and SDF-1 mRNA in tumor and bone marrow were significantly higher than that in the liver, spleen, and skin (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Exogenous EPCs can be recruited to tumor and accelerate tumor growth. Except tumor, bone marrow can also recruit EPCs.

Immuno-protective effect of tumor cell vaccine on Kunming mice bearing Ehrlich ascites tumor

AIM To evaluate the immunity of chemically modified tumor cell vaccine.METHODS Tumor cell vaccines (TCV) were prepared by incubating the live Ehrlich ascites tumor cells with concanavalin A-mitomycin C (ConA-MMC), mitomycin C (MMC), concanavalin A-glutaraldehyde (ConA-Glu), glutaraldehyde (Glu), or paraformaldehyde (Para), respectively. The whole cell or soluble forms of the vaccines were administered intraperitoneally into Kunming mice once a week for three times prior to the intraperitoneal inoculation of a lethal dose of live tumor cells. A second challenge with live tumor cells was given four weeks later. Survival and antibody production of the mice were analyzed.RESULTS After the first challenge, the mice, received whole TCV of ConA-MMC, MMC (P＜0.01) and Glu (P＜0.05) promoted survival incidence than the controls. All the treated mice had the survival time prolonged. ConA-MMC vaccine treated mice had longer survival days than that of ConA-Glu ones (P＜0.05). For the soluble TCV immunized mice, those treated with vaccines of Para (P＜0.01), ConA-Para and ConA-Glu (P＜0.05) had longer survival periods compared with that of the controls. Following the second challenge, survival incidence of the mice received vaccines of ConA-MMC, MMC, ConA-Glu or Glu was significantly increased (P＜0.01). Moreover, all the treated mice had the survival time prolonged, and ConA-MMC vaccine treated mice had longer survival days than that of Para treated ones (P＜0.05). Antibodies against Ehrlich ascites tumor cells were found to be positive in sera of the mice treated with whole TCV of ConA-MMC.CONCLUSION Ehrlich ascites tumor cells are immunogenic when treated with ConA-MMC, MMC, ConA-Glu, Glu or Para, which might act as safe and effective tumor vaccines with safety and effectiveness.

Functional Mechanism of Resveratrol in Inhabiting Growth of Cells ls174t and Its Mechanism in Subcutaneously Transplanted Tumor of Nude Mice

To explore the functional mechanism of Resveratrol against colon cancer cells ls174t and the growth of colon cancer tissue of tumor-bearing mice, MTT method was used to observe the functions of resveratrol for inhibition against cells ls174t in vitro. Transmission electron microscope was used to observe the cell apoptosis. FCM assay was performed to measure the change of the cell apoptosis rate and of cell cycle. RT-PCR method was used to detect the expressions of bcl-2 and bax mRNA. Western blot method was used to detect the expressions of bcl-2 and bax protein. Ceils ls174t were transplanted subcutaneously to nude mice to observe the effect of resveratrol on the growth of subcutaneously transplanted tumor, RT-PCR method was used to detect the expressions of bcl-2 and bax mRNA in the tumor tissue. Western blot method was used to detect the expressions of bcl-2 and bax protein in the tumor tissue. Resveratrol has an effect of inhibiting proliferation of cells ls174t in vitro（P〈0.01）. It is able to induce the apoptosis of cells ls174t, causing the decrease in the expression of bcl-2 and the increase in the expression of bax. Resveratrol could inhibit the growth of subcutaneously transplanted tumor of nude mice（P〈0.05）, causing the decrease in the expression of bcl-2 and the increase in the expression of bax. Resveratrol can inhibit the growth of cells 174t and the growth of subcutaneously transplanted tumor. The mechanism is possibly related to the induction of the cell apoptosis and the regulation of bcl-2/bax expression.

Effect of Recql5 deficiency on the intestinal tumor susceptibility of Apc^(min) mice

AIM:To investigate whether Recql5,a DNA helicase that plays an important role in the maintenance of genome integrity,is a tumor suppressor in the gastrointestinal tract in mice.METHODS:We generated cohorts of both Recql5-proficient and Recql5-deficient Apcmin/+mice and compared the tumor susceptibility in their gastrointestinal tracts.RESULTS:Recql5 deficiency in Apcmin/+mice resulted in a significant increase in the tumor incidence in both the colon(P=0.0162)and the small intestine(P<0.01).These findings have provided the first genetic evidence for a tumor suppression role of Recql5 in the gastrointestinal tract of mice.Importantly,since mouse Recql5 and human RECQL5 are highly conserved,these findings also suggest that RECQL5 may be a tu-mor suppressor for human colon cancer.CONCLUSION:Recql5 has a tumor suppression role in the mouse gastrointestinal tract.

Anti-tumor Effect and Mechanism of Pratia Extract on H22 Tumor-bearing Mice

[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the inhibitory effect of pratia extract on H22 tumor-bearing mice and the effects on immune organs.[Methods]With the application of H22 liver tumor-bearing mice as an animal model,the animals were divided into such three Pratia extract groups as the high,medium and low dose groups(400,200 and 100 mg/kg)and cyclophosphamide CTX group(20 mg/kg).15 d after the administration,the animals were killed by cervical dislocation,and the tumors,thymuses and spleens were taken and weighed,followed by the calculation of the tumor inhibitory rate and the thymus and spleen index,and the serum tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-2(IL-2)levels were determined by ELISA assay.[Results]The inhibitory rates were 54.1,32.6 and 8.2%,respectively,and there were significant differences from the model group(P<0.05);and the spleen index of the tumor-bearing mice was reduced,while the thymus index was improved.The serological results showed that the drug-administrated groups significantly improved the IL-2 levels in the tumor-bearing mice,but had no effects on TNF-α.[Conclusions]Pratia extract has an antitumor effect on H22 tumor-bearing mice,and show certain dose-effect relationship,and its mechanism may be related to enhancing the immune function in tumor-bearing mice by regulating IL-2.

Evaluation of Tumor Formation of Three Bladder Cancer Cell Lines in Nude Mice

This study examined the differences in tumor formation of three bladder tumor cell lines （BIU-87, T24 and EJ） after subcutaneously transplanted into nude mice, in order to find the best technique for establishing in vivo bladder tumor model. BIU-87, T24 and EJ cells at logarithmic phase were re-suspended in serum-free medium. The cells suspensions of the identical concentration were subcutaneously transplanted into nude mice and then the success rate and tumor growth were compared among the three cell groups. The results of tumor formation were pathologically evaluated. Lung, liver and kidney tissues were also pathologically examined for distant metastasis. The proliferation of the three cells were determined by immunohistochemically detecting the PCNA expression in the tumors. The results showed that the success rates of EJ and T24 cells were significantly higher than that of BIU-87 cells and no distant metastasis was noted among the three groups. The proliferation levels of EJ and T24 cells was significantly higher than that of BIU-87. But at the later stage of tumor formation, as compared with T24 cells, EJ grew more vigorously, soon resulting in the central necrosis of tumor, which affected the measurement of the actual size of the tumors. Moreover, PCNA staining exhibited that the proliferation of EJ and T24 was significantly higher than that of BIU-87 cells. It is concluded that as compared with BIU-87 cells, EJ and T24 cells had higher success rates, with not significant differences in death rate and distant metastasis found among them. There existed no significant difference in tumor formation between EJ and T24 cells and T24 cells do not rupture easily, which makes it a better cell line for the establishment of in vivo bladder tumor model.

Anti-tumor effect of LTA combined with 5-FU on H22 tumor bearing mice

Objective: To study the effect of lipoteichoic acid(LTA) and 5-FU on the expression of caspase-3, EGFR, TGF-α proteins of tumor tissue of H22 cancer bearing mice and its antitumor mechanism. Methods: A total of 40 SPF grade Kunming mice were selected to establish H22 liver cancer model, and then the mice were divided into 4 groups at random with ten mice in each group. Group A was given saline lavage treatment, Group B was treated with 5-FU by intraperitomeal injection, Group C was treated with LTA by lump body injection; Group D was treated with LTA by lump body injection and 5-FU by intraperitomeal injection. Two weeks after the treatment, the mice in each group were executed and the tumor tissue was stripping and weighted, and the tumor growth inhibition ratio was calculated. Then the tumor tissue was processed for conventional embedding, sectioned to observe the expression of caspase-3, EGFR, TGF-α by immunohistochemical staining method. Results: The tumor inhibitory rate o f Group D was significantly higher than Groups B and C(P<0.05); B, the tumor inhibitory rate o f Group B had no statistical difference compared with Group C(P>0.05). The IDO values of TGF-α, EGFR proteins in Groups B, C, D mice tumor tissue were significantly lower than that in group A(P<0.05); while IDO value of caspase-3 in Groups B, C, D group mice tumor tissue was significantly higher than that in Group A(P<0.05). The IDO value of TGF-α, EGFR in Group D mice tumor tissue were significantly lower than that in Groups B and C; While IDO value of aspase-3 in Group D was significantly higher than that in Groups B and C(P<0.05). Conclusions: LTA combined with 5-FU can effectively inhibit the tumorigenesis of H22 tumor bearing mice, increase the caspase-3 protein expression, inhibit TGF –α and EGFR protein expression, further promote tumor cell apoptosis and play a synergistic antitumor effect.

Immunotherapeutic effects of dendiritic cells vaccine pulsed with tumor cell lysate in mice with pancreatic carcinoma

Objective To observe the immunotherapeutic effects of dendritic cells vaccine pulsed with tumor cell lystate on mice with pancreatic carcinoma. Methods Dendritic cells (MTSC4) were pulsed with tumor cells lysate. The immune preventative and immnotherapeutic effects of DC vaccines on mice with pancreatic carcinoma were assessed. Results After vaccination of the DC vaccines,mice remained tumor-free for at least 25 days in DCs vaccines group,but in other groups the subcutaneous implantation tumorigenesis were found beginning 3 to 9 days. CTL stimulated by DC vaccines effected cytolytic activity against pancreatic carcinoma cells. The survival period was obviously prolonged in DCs vaccines group (56 ±9)d than in other groups P【0.01) and tumors (1.4 ±0.8)g in DCs vaccines group were significantly smaller than that in other groups (P 【 0. 05). Conclusion Tumor cell lysate-pulsed dendrtic cells vaccines can induce a specific and effective immune response against pancreatic carcinoma cell implanted in mice.

Effect of wheat maxibastion of Guanyuan point on immune function and antitumor effect in mice with tumor

Objective To investigate wheat maxibastion of Guanyuan point on immune function and antitumor effect in mice with tumor.Method Group experiment and statistical analysis were conducted.Results were analyzed comparatively.Result Wheat maxibastion of Guanyuan point could reduce ATEP(associated tumor erythrocyte rate) and direct tumor erythrocyte rate(DTER) and raise excitotumorous erythrocyte rate(ETER)(P< 0.05,P< 0.01) and stimulate the reduced activity of NK cells and IL 2 significantly(P< 0.01) in mice with tumor.Conclusion Wheat maxibastion of Guanyuan point can increase the adhesion ability to tumor cells of RBC,and increase the activity of NK cell and IL 2.

基于TGF-β1/CD147信号探讨慢性束缚应激促小鼠乳腺癌进展及逍遥散调节机制研究

目的基于TGF-β1/CD147信号探讨慢性束缚应激促小鼠乳腺癌进展及逍遥散调节机制。方法40只BABL/c小鼠随机分为移植瘤组(Tumor)、模型组(Model)、逍遥散组(Xiaoyaosan)和米非司酮组(Mifepristone),将4T1细胞株接种于各组小鼠腋下,待成瘤后,除Tumor组外其余各组小鼠均进行慢性束缚应激21天,同时Xiaoyaosan组和Mifepristone组小鼠给予相对应的药物灌胃,Tumor组和Model组小鼠灌胃生理盐水。造模结束后,小鼠麻醉断头处死,测量小鼠瘤体重量和体积、内脏指数;采用ELISA方法检测各组小鼠血清肿瘤标志物糖类抗原ca199(Carbohydrate antigen199,CA199)、癌胚抗原(Carcino-embryonic antigen,CEA)、血管内皮生长因子(Vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)的含量,血清多巴胺(Dopamine,DA)和皮质酮(Corticosterone,CORT)的含量,以及肿瘤组织转化生长因子β1(Transforming growth factor-β1,TGF-β1)和白介素10(Interleukin 10,IL-10)的含量。采用免疫组化和Western blot方法检测各组小鼠肿瘤组织巨噬细胞极化标志物诱导型一氧化氮合酶(Inducible nitric oxide synthase,iNOS)和精氨酸酶1(Arginase-1,Arg-1)的表达,以及肿瘤组织中细胞外基质金属蛋白酶诱导剂(Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer,EMMPRIN,CD147)及其下游信号分子基质金属蛋白酶2(Matrix metalloproteinases 2),MMP2、基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP9)和VEGF的表达。结果与Tumor组比较,Model组小鼠肿瘤重量和体积,血清CA199、CEA、VEGF、CORT含量,肿瘤TGF-β1和IL-10含量均显著增加;内脏指数和血清DA含量显著减少;肿瘤巨噬细胞M2型极化标志物Arg-1的表达显著增加,M1型极化标志物iNOS的表达显著降低;肿瘤CD147及其下游信号分子MMP2、MMP9和VEGF蛋白表达显著增加,逍遥散和米非司酮均可有效逆转以上改变。结论慢性束缚应激促小鼠乳腺癌进展的机制与肿瘤相关巨噬细胞M2型极化释放TGF-β1增加、激活CD147及其下游相关信号有关,而逍遥散可缓解应激条件下皮质酮增高引起的巨噬细胞M2型极化,减少TGF-β1的生成,抑制CD147及其下游信号,从而抑制慢性应激引起的小鼠乳腺癌进展。

肺腺癌荷瘤鼠碘^(125)粒子植入治疗对肿瘤细胞凋亡及瘤周辐射的影响

目的探讨肺腺癌荷瘤鼠在^(125)I粒子植入治疗后细胞凋亡的情况以及对瘤周辐射的影响。方法肺腺癌荷瘤鼠60只随机分为3组:A组(1枚^(125)I空源对照组)、B组(1枚^(125)I粒子治疗实验组)、C组(2枚^(125)I粒子治疗实验组)。分别在粒子植入后第7、14、21、28天处死瘤鼠,计算抑瘤率、瘤体及瘤周细胞凋亡指数并进行统计学分析。结果B、C组均随着粒子植入的时间延长,抑瘤率和细胞凋亡指数增高(P<0.05);B、C组在相同时间段的抑瘤率、细胞凋亡指数差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A、B、C 3组瘤周细胞的凋亡指数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论荷瘤鼠^(125)I粒子植入后随着时间的延长,肿瘤细胞凋亡数增多,抑瘤效果较好,并且瘤周正常细胞并未受到辐射损伤。

Gene expression and cellular localizations of tumor necrosis factor-α at the site of implanted bovine cancellous bone in mice

The objective of this study was to determine if mRNA encoding for tumor necrosls factor-α(TNFα) was present at the site of implanted bovine cancellous bone and to observe the cellular localizations. The particles of bovine cancellous bone treated by special chemical reagents were implanted in the mouse’s muscle pouch. removed 5.10 and 20 days after implantation, and the specimens were processed for determining the expression and cellular localizations of TNFα mRNA, which was performed by a nonradioactive in situ hybridization technique. The results showed that (1) 5, 10 and 20 days after transplantation, the TNFα mRNA expressions were positive, andthe positive rate of expression was the highest by 10 days (P<0. 05 ). (2)There was strong hybridization signal localization to the nuclei of morphologically ldentifiable monocytes and multinucleated giant cells. (3)Similar activity was detected in the cytoplasm and (or) nuclei of partial adjacent mesenchymal cells, fibroblasts as well as striated muscle fibers. This finding tended to indicate that mRNA encoding for TNFα was intensely expressed in several kinds of cells and that TNFα seemed to be of importance for the modulation of local cellular immunity in the region of implanted xenogeneic bone.

超声引导复合式冷热消融系统治疗Hepa1-6瘤鼠的疗效及免疫效应

目的探讨超声引导复合式冷热消融系统治疗Hepa1-6瘤鼠的疗效及免疫效应。方法选取健康C57BL/6J小鼠建立肝癌Hepa1-6小鼠移植瘤模型。将40只Hepa1-6荷瘤小鼠随机分为4组:空白对照组、假手术组、外科手术组及复合式冷热消融治疗组,10只/组。分别于治疗前及治疗后1、2、3、4周,采用超声评估各治疗组荷瘤小鼠皮下肿瘤体积变化,采用血流式细胞术检测检查各组小鼠外周血CD4+、CD8+T淋巴细胞数百分比。于治疗2周后随机处死各治疗组小鼠各3只,并对治疗后病灶行HE染色病理检查及免疫组化检测组织CD4+、CD8+细胞光密度值。结果空白对照组及假手术组各时间点的肿瘤组织逐渐增大,但两者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与空白对照组及假手术组相比,复合式冷热消融组肿瘤体积在治疗后各时间点肿瘤逐渐缩小,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。复合式冷热消融治疗组术后与术前比较,术后各时间点血清CD4+T、CD8+T细胞水平均升高,明显高于空白对照组、假手术组、外科手术组(P<0.05)。冷冻治疗组血清CD4+T、CD8+T细胞水平在治疗后3周出现峰值,随后出现下降。与对照组及假手术组相比,冷冻治疗组在治疗后2周肿瘤组织CD4+、CD8+细胞明显增多,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论超声引导复合式冷热消融系统治疗Hepa1-6瘤鼠具有很好的治疗疗效,同时还能够激活免疫系统,增强机体的抗肿瘤免疫效应。

靶向FOLR1的脱氧核酶提高鼻咽癌移植瘤对紫杉醇的敏感性

目的:探讨裸鼠鼻咽癌移植瘤能否通过靶向FOLR1的脱氧核酶(DrzE)提高其对紫杉醇的敏感性。方法:取CNE-1鼻咽癌亲本细胞及CNE-1/taxol紫杉醇耐药细胞进行裸鼠成瘤实验,分别予靶向FOLR1的“10-23”型DrzE单用和紫杉醇单用及紫杉醇-DrzE联用后比较各组鼻咽癌移植瘤体的抑制情况。RT-qPCR及Western blot检测用药前后各组瘤体FOLR1 mRNA及蛋白的表达。结果:CNE-1瘤体较CNE-1/taxol瘤体生长速度快,瘤体体积更大(P<0.05);CNE-1瘤体生长能被紫杉醇单药抑制,但紫杉醇对CNE-1/taxol瘤体无效;两种瘤体生长均能被DrzE单药抑制,其中耐药瘤体更显著(P<0.05);紫杉醇与DrzE联用较分别单用两药对移植瘤的抑制作用更显著(P<0.05);给药前CNE-1/taxol移植瘤中FOLR1的表达量显著高于CNE-1(P<0.01),用药后DrzE单药组及紫杉醇与DrzE联用组中两种移植瘤体FOLR1表达量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:靶向FOLR1的脱氧核酶DrzE转染裸鼠移植瘤体后可减慢鼻咽癌瘤体的生长,提高鼻咽癌耐药移植瘤体对紫杉醇的敏感性。

超声造影评估裸鼠食管癌移植瘤血管生成情况的实验研究

目的探讨超声造影(CEUS)对裸鼠食管癌移植瘤血管生成情况的评估价值。方法选取18只裸鼠,于其背部皮下注射人食管癌细胞株建立食管癌移植瘤模型,分别于移植后4、6、8周均随机选取6只裸鼠,先应用二维超声观察移植瘤回声、形态和边界,再行CEUS检查并获取时间-强度曲线(TIC)。然后处死所有裸鼠,使用HE染色观察移植瘤细胞结构和组织形态,免疫组化观察移植瘤组织血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)蛋白表达和微血管密度(MVD),比较移植后不同时间移植瘤CEUS表现、TIC定量参数及病理学检查结果的差异。Pearson相关分析法分析TIC定量参数与VEGF蛋白表达、MVD的相关性。结果所有裸鼠食管癌移植瘤模型均成功建立,未出现死亡。移植后4周,移植瘤二维超声表现为类椭圆形低回声肿块,边界清晰,内部回声不均匀,CEUS表现为移植瘤内部呈均匀增强;移植后6周,移植瘤二维超声表现为肿块边界欠清晰,内部回声不均匀,CEUS表现为移植瘤内部呈不均匀高增强;移植后8周,移植瘤二维超声表现为肿块边界不清晰,内部回声不均匀,CEUS表现为移植瘤内部出现灌注缺损。移植后4、6、8周移植瘤峰值强度(PI)、曲线下流入面积(AWI)及曲线下流出面积(AWO)比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);与移植后4周比较,移植后6、8周移植瘤PI、AWI和AWO均升高(均P<0.05);与移植后6周比较,移植后8周移植瘤PI和AWO均升高(均P<0.05)。HE染色显示,移植后4周移植瘤见角化珠且细胞间见细胞间桥;移植后6周移植瘤角化珠和细胞间桥均稍减少,毛细血管增多;移植后8周,移植瘤角化珠和细胞间桥均明显减少,毛细血管增多,可见病理性核裂变。免疫组化显示,移植后4、6、8周MVD和VEGF蛋白表达比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);与移植后4周比较,移植后6、8周移植瘤MVD均升高,移植后8周移植瘤VEGF蛋白表达升高,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。相关性分析显示,移植瘤PI、AWI、AWO与MVD、VEGF蛋白表达均呈正相关(均P<0.001)。结论CEUS能够有效观察裸鼠食管癌移植瘤内部血流灌注情况,TIC定量参数PI、AWI、AWO随着移植瘤的生长而逐渐升高,其与移植瘤MVD、VEGF蛋白表达均呈正相关,可以较好地评估移植瘤血管生成情况。

猫棒束孢联合环磷酰胺对H22荷瘤小鼠的治疗作用

目的 研究冬虫夏草来源的猫棒束孢(Isaria felina,IF)联合环磷酰胺(cyclophosphamide, CTX)对肝癌H22荷瘤小鼠的治疗作用。方法 建立H22荷瘤小鼠模型,随机分组,设正常对照组(NC group,蒸馏水)、模型对照组(MC group,蒸馏水)、CTX组(CTX group, 25 mg/kg)、IF组(IF group, 400 mg/kg)和IF+CTX组(IF+CTX group, IF 400 mg/kg+CTX 25 mg/kg),每组5只小鼠;蒸馏水、IF灌胃给药,CTX腹腔注射给药,连续给药10 d。实验结束后,计算各组小鼠平均肿瘤体积和瘤重、抑瘤率、q值、免疫器官脏器指数;检测血常规和血清细胞因子含量;观察肿瘤组织苏木精-伊红(HE)染色病理形态变化。结果 各给药组小鼠的肿瘤体积和重量均显著低于MC组(P<0.05)。CTX组、IF组、IF+CTX组小鼠的抑瘤率分别为49.3%、34.2%、72.8%,q值为1.09。IF+CTX组白细胞(WBC)、淋巴细胞(Lymph)、血小板(PLT)数量显著高于CTX组(P<0.05)。MC组小鼠的脾指数显著高于NC组,IF+CTX组小鼠脾指数显著低于MC组(P<0.05)。MC组小鼠的血清IFN-γ水平显著低于NC组,IF组和IF+CTX组的IFN-γ水平显著高于MC组和CTX组(P<0.05)。MC组肿瘤细胞生长状态良好,数量多,排列紧密;CTX组、IF组和IF+CTX组肿瘤组织可见肿瘤细胞排列松散,多处肿瘤细胞灶性坏死,坏死细胞核固缩碎裂。结论 IF和CTX联用对H22荷瘤小鼠有相加的抑瘤作用,可减轻小鼠的免疫功能抑制,具有免疫调节功能。

菌群移植对氟尿嘧啶抗鼠源结肠肿瘤的协同作用

目的:观察菌群移植对氟尿嘧啶抑制结肠癌MC38荷瘤小鼠移植瘤生长的协同作用效果。方法:选取雌性C57BL/6N小鼠21只作为研究对象,分为空白组、对照组、实验组。培养MC38小鼠结肠癌细胞接种于小鼠右前肢背部皮下构建结肠癌荷瘤模型。空白组无任何处理,取其粪便制作干预菌液,实验组和对照组自分组后每两天1次给予0.1 mL菌液/生理盐水灌胃至实验结束。成瘤后第6天,按照65 mg/kg剂量连续5天腹腔注射氟尿嘧啶,3天后处死实验动物,计算肿瘤体积和抑瘤率。采用HE染色观察结直肠组织情况。采用酶联免疫吸附(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)法检测白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子Alpha(tumor necrosis factor alpha,TNF-α)血清水平,通过16S测序进行肠道菌群检测和分析。结果:与空白组相比,实验组和对照组模型小鼠体重均明显降低(P<0.05),但对照组和实验组体重变化未见明显差异(P>0.05)。对照组荷瘤平均体积大于实验组荷瘤平均体积(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,实验组结直肠组织病理镜下可见更多的隐窝细胞,绒毛更完整。实验组IL-6血清水平高于对照组和空白组(P<0.05);实验组和对照组TNF-α血清水平与空白组相比升高明显(P<0.05),但实验组和对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。16S测序结果提示自体菌群移植干预后,实验组肠道菌群更接近空白组,对照组菌群丰富度最低,但三组未见明显区别(P>0.05)。进一步分析三组菌群差异,发现在属(Genus)水平上,与空白组相比,实验组的Mar-Odoribacter和Tan-Parabacteroide富集增多,对照组Ent-Escherichia-Shigella富集增多。结论:菌群移植后上调Mar-Odoribacter和Tan-Parabacteroide菌,下调Ent-Escherichia-Shigella菌,可保护肠道黏膜,改善机体代谢,激活机体免疫系统,促进了IL-6和TNF-α细胞因子表达,提高抗肿瘤免疫能力,对氟尿嘧啶抑制MC38荷瘤小鼠移植瘤增殖起到了协同作用。

芜菁酸性多糖体内抗肿瘤活性研究

目的:探究芜菁酸性多糖一组分(BRAP-1)对非小细胞肺癌H226细胞荷瘤小鼠的影响。方法:将60只小鼠分为模型组(0.1 mL/10 g)、阳性药物顺铂组[3 mg/(kg·2 d)]、BRAP-1低剂量组[50 mg/(kg·d)]、BRAP-1中剂量组[100 mg/(kg·d)]和BRAP-1高剂量组[200 mg/(kg·d)]。试验期间观察小鼠肿瘤生长情况,计算抑瘤率、脏器指数;酶联免疫法检测各组小鼠血清中的白细胞介素18(IL-18)、IL-1β和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)含量;实时荧光定量核酸扩增法(q-PCR)、免疫印迹试验检测IL-18、IL-1β、受体相互作用蛋白1(RIP-1)、RIP3、混合谱系激酶结构域样蛋白(MLKL)基因表达情况。结果:与模型组相比较,BRAP-1低、中剂量组抑瘤效果明显(P<0.05),阳性组和BRAP-1高剂量组抑瘤率效果显著(P<0.01);模型组与其他各组相比较,阳性组和BRAP-1高剂量组小鼠血清中IL-1β含量显著增加(P<0.01),IL-18、TNF-ɑ在阳性组中明显降低(P<0.05),BRAP-1各剂量组中显著增加(P<0.01);q-PCR、免疫印迹试验结果显示,与模型组相比IL-1β随给药剂量增加mRNA相对表达量减少(P<0.01),而IL-18、MLKL、RIP1、RIP3的mRNA及蛋白相对表达量增加(P<0.01)。结论:BRAP-1可以通过调节免疫细胞因子水平,上调坏死性凋亡相关蛋白MLKL、RIP1、RIP3抑制肺鳞癌H226细胞体内生长。

DEPDC1B结合p65在肝癌细胞和荷瘤小鼠肿瘤生长中的作用及机制研究

目的 研究DEP结构域蛋白1B(DEPDC1B)在肝癌细胞和荷瘤小鼠肿瘤生长中的作用及相关机制。方法 分别将过表达DEPDC1B的质粒(oe-flagDEPDC1B)与对照质粒(oe-NC)转染至H22肝癌细胞系中,采用蛋白质印迹法检测flag和DEPDC1B蛋白表达水平,采用CCK-8法检测细胞增殖能力。通过flag抗体富集flag-DEPDC1B结合蛋白,通过质谱进行鉴定,并对免疫共沉淀物进行关键蛋白验证。在oe-flag-DEPDC1B转染细胞中加入p65抑制剂Helenalin,采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α的m RNA表达水平,采用CCK-8法检测细胞增殖能力。分别将oe-flag-DEPDC1B和oe-NC转染细胞注射至C57/B6小鼠皮下,注射后2周开始监测小鼠肿瘤体积,注射后5周处死小鼠。分别采用实时荧光定量PCR法、蛋白质印迹法和ELISA法检测肿瘤组织中DEPDC1B、p65、IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α的表达水平。结果 与oe-NC组细胞比较,oe-flag-DEPDC1B组细胞中DEPDC1B蛋白表达水平显著升高,细胞增殖能力显著增强(P均<0.05)。flagDEPDC1B可结合关键蛋白p65,免疫沉淀物中可以检测到p65蛋白。与oe-NC组细胞比较,oe-flag-DEPDC1B组细胞中IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α的mRNA表达水平均显著升高(P均<0.05)。与oe-flag-DEPDC1B组细胞比较,oe-flag-DEPDC1B+Helenalin组细胞中IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α的m RNA表达水平均显著降低,细胞增殖能力均显著减弱(P均<0.05)。在荷瘤小鼠中,与oe-NC组小鼠比较,oe-flag-DEPDC1B组小鼠的肿瘤体积增长更快,肿瘤组织中DEPDC1B、p65、IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α的表达水平均显著升高(P均<0.05)。结论 DEPDC1B可通过结合NF-κB信号通路中关键蛋白p65激活NF-κB信号通路,促进肝癌生长。

复方中药制剂对H22荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响

【目的】探究蛹虫草、灵芝、黄芪、五味子、党参、当归、茯苓复方中药制剂对H22荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响。【方法】建立H22荷瘤小鼠模型,随机将小鼠分为模型组、复方中药制剂高(250 mg/(kg·d))、中(50 mg/(kg·d))和低(10 mg/(kg·d))剂量组,各剂量组灌胃给药,1次/d,模型组灌胃同等体积生理盐水,试验期3周,另设置正常组进行常规饲喂。末次给药后采集抗凝全血,检测小鼠血细胞数量、血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性以及丙二醛(MDA)、细胞因子水平。用流式细胞术检测外周血CD4~+/CD8~+ T细胞亚群;通过小鼠脾淋巴细胞转化试验、碳粒廓清试验考察荷瘤小鼠免疫活性。【结果】与正常组相比,模型组小鼠血液中白细胞(WBC)、血小板(PLT)、淋巴细胞(W-SCR)数量极显著或显著减少(P<0.01;P<0.05),白细胞介素-2(IL-2)、IL-6和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量、SOD、半胱氨酸蛋白酶3(Caspase-3)活性以及细胞色素C(Cyt C)浓度均极显著或显著降低(P<0.01;P<0.05)。与模型组相比,高、中和低剂量组小鼠血清IL-2、IL-6、TNF-α含量和SOD、Caspase-3活性均极显著或显著升高(P<0.01;P<0.05),MDA含量均极显著或显著降低(P<0.01;P<0.05);中剂量组小鼠血液中WBC、PLT数量极显著或显著增加(P<0.01;P<0.05);高剂量组小鼠血液中PLT数量极显著增加(P<0.01),Cyt C浓度显著升高(P<0.05)。流式细胞检测结果显示,模型组小鼠血液T淋巴细胞CD4~+、CD8~+亚群细胞数量较正常组显著减少(P<0.05)。与模型组相比,复方中药制剂高、中剂量组小鼠血液T淋巴细胞CD4~+、CD8~+亚群细胞数量显著增加(P<0.05),高、中剂量组小鼠刺激指数、半数溶血值和吞噬指数均极显著或显著升高(P<0.01;P<0.05)。【结论】复方中药制剂能提高H22荷瘤小鼠免疫活性,进而促进肝癌细胞凋亡。