Secoemestrin C Ameliorates Psoriasis-like Skin Inflammation in Mice by Suppressing the TNF-α/NF-κB Signaling Pathway

Objective Secoemestrin C(SC),an epitetrathiodioxopiperazine isolated from Aspergillus nidulans,has been previously reported to have immunomodulatory and hepatoprotective effects against acute autoimmune hepatitis.However,the effect of SC on regulating the inflammation and its underlying mechanisms in the pathogenesis of psoriasis remain unclear.This study aimed to evaluate the effects of SC on inflammatory dermatosis both in vitro and in vivo.Methods In vitro,HaCaT cells were induced with tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α,10 ng/mL)to establish an inflammatory injury model,and the expression of nuclear transcription factor-κB(NF-κB)pathway components was measured using qRT-PCR and Western blotting.An in vivo mouse model of imiquimod(IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation was used to evaluate the effectiveness of SC in alleviating psoriasis.Results SC significantly blocked the activation of NF-κB signaling in TNF-α-stimulated HaCaT cells.In addition,systemic and local administration of SC improved psoriatic dermatitis in the IMQ-induced mouse model.SC reduced skin scale and significantly inhibited the secretion of inflammatory factors in skin lesions.Conclusion The protective effect of SC against psoriatic-associated inflammation reveals its potential therapeutic value for treating psoriasis.

Promising Effects of Zerumbone on the Regulation of Tumor-promoting Cytokines Induced by TNF-α-activated Fibroblasts

Inflammation plays an important role in the development of several cancers.Inflammatory cytokines,including tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),are associated with the induction of inflammation.Chronic inflammation contributes to the progression of cancer through several mechanisms,including increased cytokine production and activation of transcription factors,such as nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB).Zerumbone(ZER),a component of subtropical ginger(Zingiber zerumbet Smith),seems to have anti-inflammatory,anti-cancer,and antioxidant activities.In this study,we aimed to explore the protective function and mechanisms of ZER against TNF-α-induced cancer-promoting cytokines.We found that the viability of stimulated human fibroblast cell lines was reduced after treatment with ZER(IC50=18µmol/L),compared to un-stimulated fibroblasts(IC50=40µmol/L).Besides,ZER inhibited mRNA expression and protein secretion of transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β),interleukin-33(IL-33),monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1),and stromal cell-derived factor 1(SDF-1),which were produced by TNF-α-induced fibroblasts,as measured by quantitative real time-PCR(qRT-PCR)and ELISA assays.The mRNA expression levels of TGF-β,IL-33,SDF-1,and MCP-1 showed 8,5,2.5,and 4-fold reductions,respectively.Moreover,secretion of TGF-β,IL-33,SDF-1,and MCP-1 was reduced to 3.65±0.34 ng/mL,6.3±0.26,1703.6±295.2,and 5.02±0.18 pg/mL,respectively,compared to the untreated group.In addition,the conditioned media(CM)of TNF-α-stimulated fibroblasts increased the NF-κB expression in colorectal cancer cell lines(HCT-116 and Sw48),while in the vicinity of ZER,the expression of NF-κB was reversed.Considering the significant effects of ZER,this component can be used as an appropriate alternative herbal treatment for cancer-related chronic inflammation.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α) in spotted halibut Verasper variegatus at the embryonic and metamorphic stages

As an aquatic fish,the spotted halibut Verasper variegatus is highly susceptible to bacterial and virus infections.Tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)as a cytokine could control the inflammatory responses.The functions of TNF-αin many species have been widely studied,particularly in mammals.However,little is known about the TNF-αfunctions in V.variegatus.We first cloned and sequenced the TNF-αgene in V.variegatus(VvTNF-α).The two conserved cysteine residues,transmembrane sequence,Thr-Leu motif,and TNF family signature,as well as the TA-rich motifs of its proteins related to inflammatory responses had high similarity to those of the other teleost and mammalian TNF-α.The phylogenetic analysis showed that VvTNF-αwas consistent with TNF-αgenes of other vertebrates.The VvTNF-αtranscripts were extensively distributed in the peripheral blood leukocytes(PBLs),spleen,and gill,indicating that the VvTNF-αhad a role in immune function.Furthermore,treatment with pathogen-associated molecular patterns(PAMPs)could induce a rapid and significant increase of VvTNF-αin the PBLs,which reveals that VvTNF-αdoes participate in the host immune responses against bacterial and viral pathogens.We found that VvTNF-αhad an interesting expression pattern during metamorphosis,showing that the flatfish TNF-αmay have some novel functions during specific developmental stages.In addition,the 3 D structure prediction of VvTNF-αprovided an indication of how it is likely to interact with other proteins.Therefore,VvTNF-αhas multiple functions,and provides valuable information to explore novel functions of TNF-α.

Antitumor Effects of the Fibroblasts Transfected TNF-α Gene and its Mutants

Summary: To compare the anti-tumor effects of transmembrane TNF-α (TM-TNF) and secreted TNF-α (S-TNF) in vivo, mouse fibroblasts NIH3T3 were transfected separately with three types of retrovirus containing wild type TNF-α (Wt-TNF), TM-TNF mutant (TM-TNFm), S-TNF mutant (S-TNFm). Southern blot, RT-PCR, FACS and bioassay were used to investigate TNF-α gene integration, expression and its biological activity. It was found that both fixed cells and supernatant of NIH3T3/Wt-TNF, the fixed cells of NIH3T3/TM-TNFm and the supernatant of NIH3T3/S-TNFm could express high level of TNF-α or its mutants and effectively kill H22 in vitro. The transfected NIH3T3 were separately injected into the mice at the sites of H22 tumor cell inoculation according to a ratio of 5∶1 or 1∶1 (effector/target cells, E/T) after the third day of H22 challenge, respectively. At the E/T=5∶1, the NIH3T3/TM-TNFm induced the highest tumor regression, while NIH3T3/S-TNFm exerted the strongest tumor depressing effect at the E/T=1∶1 in vivo. No obvious side effects were noted throughout the course of treatment. The results suggest that both TM-TNF and S-TNF could cause tumor regression. The anti-tumor effect of TM-TNF would be more powerful and safe than that of S-TNF at the proper E/T ratio.

循环内皮细胞与TNF-α和IL-6在MODS中相关性变化的研究

目的探讨失血性休克合并内毒素血症"二次打击"致多器官功能衰竭(multiple organ dysfunctionsyndrome,MODS)时兔循环内皮细胞(CEC)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、血气指标的变化及其相关性。方法选择新西兰兔24只,随机分为对照组、休克组、MODS组3组,每组8只。休克组给予股动脉放血,1h后回输。MODS组于回输后腹腔注射内毒素。对照组给予腹腔注射生理盐水。48h后取静脉血检测CEC的含量及各组血清IL-6及TNF-α的浓度,取动脉血测定各组pH值、氧分压(PO2)和二氧化碳分压(PaCO2)。结果 MODS组中CEC的含量、IL-6和TNF-α的浓度均高于对照组和休克组(P<0.05),MODS组中pH值和PaCO2下降幅度也较对照组和休克组明显。相关性分析显示,CEC与血清IL-6和TNF-α的浓度呈正相关性(r=0.538,0.627),与PaCO2的改变呈负相关(r=-0.543)。结论 "二次打击"致MODS时血管内皮细胞损伤与炎症因子的释放和血气指标的变化具有一定的相关性。

桂枝芍药知母汤对免疫性关节炎大鼠TNF-α与RANKL表达的影响

目的:观察桂枝芍药知母汤对免疫性关节炎大鼠血清中TNF-α与关节滑膜组织RANKL表达的影响,并初步探讨其治疗机制。方法:以弗氏完全佐剂诱导产生免疫性关节炎模型,用不同剂量桂枝芍药知母汤(GSZ汤20.6 g/kg、10.3 g/kg)给模型动物灌胃用药,观察用药后动物血清TNF-α水平与致炎对侧膝关节滑膜组织RANKL表达。结果:桂枝芍药知母汤用药4周后,可明显增加模型大鼠体重增长速度,减轻关节肿胀程度(P<0.05 orP<0.01);使模型大鼠血清TNF-α水平降低(P<0.01)以及滑膜组织RANKL表达下降(P<0.01),本实验条件下,GSZ汤20.6g/kg剂量时的疗效与MTX相当。结论:桂枝芍药知母汤对免疫性关节炎大鼠有治疗作用,其机制可能与抑制TNF-α分泌,降低RANKL表达有关。

人参皂苷对波动性高糖大鼠MCP-1和TNF-α表达的影响

目的:观察人参皂苷对波动性高糖大鼠氧化应激水平及单核细胞趋化因子-1(MCP-1)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)在大鼠肾脏及主动脉组织表达的影响。方法:将48只雄性SD大鼠随机分成正常对照组8只(N组)和糖尿病模型组40只。用高脂饲料喂养模型组大鼠4周,予小剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导建立糖尿病大鼠模型,将其随机分为稳定高糖组(S组)8只和波动性高糖模型组32只,错时注射葡萄糖、胰岛素制备血糖波动模型。2周后,将波动性高糖模型组随机分为人参皂苷低(FL组)、中(FM组)、高剂量组(FH组)及波动性高糖组(FO组),各8只,人参皂苷低、中、高各剂量组予相应剂量[14 mg(kg·d)、28 mg/(kg·d)、56 mg/(kg·d)]的人参皂苷灌胃8周,波动性高糖组(FO组)给予等量的生理盐水灌胃。测定大鼠血清活性氧(ROS)浓度,取肾脏及主动脉组织,观察其病理变化,并测定MCP-1和TNF-α在大鼠肾脏及主动脉组织的表达情况。结果:与正常对照组(N组)比较,稳定高糖组(S组)及波动性高糖组(FO组)各时间点血糖水平明显增高;血清ROS浓度均明显增加;血管和肾脏组织MCP-1和TNF-α的表达均增多(P<0.05)。与稳定高糖组(S组)比较,波动性高糖组(FO组)各时间点的血糖水平变化较大(P<0.05),其在1天内有2个明显的血糖波动高峰和低谷;血清ROS浓度明显增加;血管和肾脏组织MCP-1和TNF-α表达增多(P<0.05)。与波动性高糖组(FO组)比较,人参皂苷低(FL组)、中(FM组)、高剂量组(FH组)血清ROS浓度均明显下降,血管和肾脏组织组MCP-1和TNF-α表达均明显下降(P<0.05)。人参皂苷低剂量组(FL组)、中剂量组(FM组)、高剂量组(FH组)组间比较,人参皂苷浓度越高,血清ROS浓度、MCP-1和TNF-α的表达越低(P<0.05)。结论:人参皂苷可以下调氧化应激,抑制MCP-1和TNF-α的过表达对血管组织的损伤,对波动性高糖所致血管病变有一定的保护作用。

酸脂清胶囊对尿酸性肾病大鼠肾功能及TNF-α的影响

目的:观察酸脂清胶囊对尿酸性肾病大鼠肾功能及TNF-α的影响,探讨其作用的机理。方法:将6周龄SD雄性大鼠分为5组,分别为正常组、模型组、生理盐水组、酸脂清治疗组、别嘌醇治疗组。后4组用腺嘌呤、乙胺丁醇造模,成功后分别给予生理盐水、酸脂清、别嘌醇灌胃给药,3周后检测各组大鼠血中尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cr)、尿酸(UA),同时用酶联反应法(Elisa法)测量各组肾脏组织中肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)的含量。结果:1)造模2周后,与正常组比较,模型组大鼠血中BUN、Cr、UA均明显升高(P<0.05),证实造模成功。2)治疗3周后,与生理盐水组相比,酸脂清治疗组、别嘌醇治疗组大鼠血中BUN、UA均明显下降(P<0.05),酸脂清治疗组和别嘌醇治疗组Cr均有下降,但只有酸脂清治疗组有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3)酸脂清治疗组和别嘌醇治疗组血中BUN、Cr、UA相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。4)Elisa法测定各组TNF-α的浓度,与正常组相比,生理盐水组TNF-α明显升高(P<0.05);与生理盐水组相比,酸脂清治疗组、别嘌醇治疗组TNF-α含量明显减少(P<0.05);5)肾组织病理切片显示:与模型组相比,酸脂清治疗组、别嘌醇治疗组尿酸盐结晶沉积、炎性细胞浸润均明显减少,肾小管扩张改善。结论:酸脂清胶囊能够降低尿酸性肾病大鼠血中BUN、Cr、UA的含量,减少尿酸盐结晶在肾小管中沉积及炎性细胞浸润,降低TNF-α在肾组织中的含量,从而达到治疗的作用。

Anti Cervix Cancer Activity of Co-immobilized Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Interferon-γ

Tumor necrosis factor α （TNF-α） and interferon-γ （IFN-γ） are cytokines with strong antitumor activities. They were reacted with a photoactive arylazide-4-azidobenzoic acid, resulting in photoactive TNF-α and IFN-γ. The infrared （IR） spectra of these products showed the characteristic absorption of an azido group at 2127 cm^-1. By photo-immobilization, this modified TNF-α and IFN-γ were immobilized on polystyrene membranes for cell culture to prepare biomaterials. The micro-morphology of photoactive cytokines was observed with a scanning electron microscope （SEM）. The inhibitory effect on growth of Hela cells and inducing apoptosis activity of these two cytokines were analyzed by growth curve, transmission electron microscope （TEM） and fluorescence active cell sorter （FACS）. The results showed that co-immobilization of IFN-γ and TNF-α had significant inhibitory effect on growth of Hela cells, inhibitory rate up to 82%, and IFN-γ had obviously synergistic action.

Roles of tumor necrosis factor alpha on sperm acrosin activity and acrosome reaction

Aim: To study the roles of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) on the sperm acrosin activity and acrosome reaction. Methods: The sperm acrosin activity was tested by the method of BAEE/ ADH Unity and the acrosome reaction by the Triple-stain technique. Results: TNF-α decreased the sperm acrosin activity and acrosome reaction (P<0.01; P<0.01, respectively); it also inhibited the Ca2+-ATPase activity and SOD activity in sperm (P< 0.05; P<0.001, respectively), but increased the NOS activity and the amount of NO in sperm (P<0.001; P<0.001, respectively). While it had a less significant effect on the activity of Na+-K+-ATPase (P>0.05). Conclusion: TNF-α inhibits the sperm acrosin activity and acrosome reaction.

THE CHANGE OF SERUM TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-α LEVEL AND ITS CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE DURING THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC HEPATITIS B WITH LAMIVUDINE

Objective To evaluate the effect of lamivudine on immunity of chronic hepatitis B by observing the sequential changes of serum TNF-α and HBV-DNA level. Methods 31 CHB patients with elevated serum ALT/AST level and HBVDNA level higher than 106 copies/mL were treated with lamivudine (100mg/day) for one year. The sequential serum samples, which were taken at the 0, 3 rd, 6 th, 12 th month after initiation of therapy, were used to detect serum level of TNF-α and quantity of HBV-DNA respectively. Results ① The serum TNF-α levels were higher than normal value before treatment in all patients; ② At In the 3 rd month of treatment, The the serum HBV-DNA level began to decline and became negative in the 54.9% of all patients. At the end of treatment, HBV-DNA was negative in 48.4% of all patients; ③ The decrease of TNF-α level was later than HBVDNA level drop. TNF-α level began to decline after 6 months treatment. At the end of treatment, TNF-α level was lower than that at in 6 th month, TNF-α level returned to normal in the 38.7% of all patients; ④ The TNF-α level decreased significantly after 6 months treatment in the patients with ALT>80IU/L at the beginning of treatment. But in the patients with ALT≤80IU/L, the TNF-α level decreased just after 12 months treatment; ⑤ TNF-α level fell obviously and early in patients whose HBVDNA became negative at in the 3 rd month. Conclusion Lamivudine can suppress the replication of HBVDNA quickly, and decrease TNF-α level in the serum TNF-α level. It suggests that lamivudine can modulate immune response directly or indirectly. The changes of serum TNF-α level may be used to evaluate the clinical efficacy of lamivudine.

TIME-AND DOSE-DEPENDENT UP-REGULATION OF TNF-α mRNA AFTER IRRADIATION OF HUMAN NSCLC CELL LINES IN VITRO

Objective： Even though radiotherapy plays a major role in the local treatment of non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）, little is known about the molecular effects of irradiation in this tumor. In the present study, we examined two NSCLC cell lines for their endogenous production of TNF-α after irradiation. To investigate the radiation-induced TNF-α production in NSCLC cell lines. Methods： Two human NSCLC cell lines （A549： squamous; NCI-H596： adenosquamous） were investigated for their TNF-α mRNA （real-time RT-PCR） after exposure to different irradiation doses （2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 Gy） and time intervals （1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 or 72 h）. The TNF-α mRNA expression was quantified by real-time RT-PCR. The clonogenic survival was evaluated after irradiation with 2, 4, 6 and 8 Gy. Results： Non-irradiated NSCLC cells exhibited no or very low TNF-α expression. For the NCI-H596 cell line, TNF-α expression was significantly elevated 1～12 h （maximum 6h： 568fold increase relative to unirradiated cells） in a time-dependent manner. The radiation-induced increase could be observed after irradiation with 2 Gy reaching maximal at 40 Gy, with 83 times higher than normal controls. The clonogenic survival of these cell lines was nearly identical. Conclusion： NCI-H596 cells produce significant quantities of TNF-α following irradiation in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α is a key mediator for the pathogenesis of radiation pneumonitis. Radiation-induced endogenous TNF-α expression in NSCLC cells may affect the normal lung adjacent to the tumor and may be associated with an adverse clinical outcome of the patient.

Uncoupling tumor necrosis factor-αand interleukin-10 at tumor immune microenvironment of breast cancer through miR-17-5p/MALAT-1/H19 circuit

Triple Negative Breast Cancer(TNBC)immunotherapy has recently shown promising approach.However,some TNBC patients presented with resistance.One of the reasons was attributed to the excessive release of cytokines at the tumor microenvironment(TME)such as Tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)and Interleukin-10(IL-10).Fine regulation of these cytokines’levels via non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)might alleviate the immune quiescent nature of TME at TNBC tumors.However,the extrapolation of ncRNAs as therapeutic tools is highly challenging.Therefore,disentanglement the nature for the isolation of natural compounds that could modulate the ncRNAs and their respective targets is an applicable translational therapeutic approach.Hence,this study aimed to targeting the chief immune suppressive cytokines at the TME(TNF-αand IL-10)via ncRNAs and to examine the effects of Rosemary aerial parts extract on the expression levels of these ncRNAs in TNBC.Results revealed miR-17-5p as a dual regulator of TNF-αand IL-10.Moreover,an intricate interaction has been shown between miR-17-5p and the oncogenic lncRNAs:MALAT1 and H19.Knocking down of MALAT1 and/or H19 caused an induction in miR-17-5p and reduction in TNF-αand IL-10 expression levels.miR-17-5p was found to be down-regulated,while TNF-α,IL-10,MALAT1 and H19 were up-regulated in BC patients.Forced expression of miR-17-5p in MDA-MB-231 cells reduced TNF-α,IL-10,MALAT1 and H19 expression levels,as well as several BC hallmarks.In a translational approach,ursolic acid(UA)isolated from rosemary induced the expression of miR-17-5p,MALAT1 and decreased H19 expression levels.In conclusion,this study suggests miR-17-5p as a tumor suppressor and an immune-activator miRNA in BC through tuning up the immunological targets TNF-α,IL-10 at the TME and the oncological mediators MALAT1 and H19 lncRNAs.

The effect of spinal cord injury on the expression of TGF-β and TNF-α in rat articular cartilage

Objective： To observe the expression of TGF-β and TNF-α in the spinal cord injured rat model and discuss the significance of the articular cartilage metabolism. Methods： 36 SD female rats were randomly divided into 2 groups： Rats models of spinal cord injury were implemented by Allen method. T10 laminectomy was performed in the control group. Both groups of rats were killed respectively in 1w, 3w and 6w. Hematoxylin-eosin stain was given to each slice in the model group and control group. Immunohistochemical stain was applied by using ABC method in the expression of TGF-β and TNF-α. Those expressed level were performed in image analysis and statistics process. Results： TGF-β and TNF-α were mainly distributed on the surface layer of the articular cartilage, with a weak expression in control group. The expression of TNF-α in the model group was more significant than that in the control group in the lw, and still remained an evident difference with that in control group until the 6w（P 〈 0.05）. TGF-β expression of the model group had no remarkable difference with the control group in the lw （P 〉 0.05） and prominently became stronger at 6w（P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： The expression of TNF-α occurred early in the development of spinal cord injury, and the expression of TGF-β became stronger with the revival of spinal neural function. Both expressions were strengthened in articular cartilage in the 3rd week.

槲皮素对脓毒症大鼠肝细胞的保护作用

目的观察不同剂量槲皮素（Quercetin，Que）对脓毒症大鼠肝细胞的保护作用，为临床实践提供依据。方法采用盲肠结扎穿刺法（CLP）制作脓毒症大鼠模型。健康Sprague—Dawley（SD）大鼠24只随机分为假手术组（Sham组）、脓毒症组（CLP组）、槲皮素1组（CLP＋Quel）、槲皮素2组（CLP＋Que2）组，术后及术后8h各组均给予10mL／kg生理盐水（NS）腹腔注射，槲皮素1组、槲皮素2组大鼠分别按照槲皮素50mg／kg和100mg／kg的剂量加入Ns中腹腔注射。CLP造模成功后于术后12h抽取血液标本，测定血清中丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、降钙素原（PCT）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α水平，然后处死大鼠制作肝脏组织标本，光镜下观察各组肝脏组织病理学变化。结果①假手术组肝小叶、肝窦及肝细胞形态基本正常。脓毒症组标本广泛出现肝细胞弥漫水肿，中央静脉及肝窦内淤血，肝窦扩张，间质内可见较多炎性细胞浸润，并可见片状坏死。槲皮素治疗组标本均可见肝细胞排列紊乱，中央静脉及肝窦内淤血，部分间质内可见炎性细胞浸润，但程度明显轻于脓毒症组，且槲皮素2组损伤程度轻于槲皮素1组。②脓毒症组及两组槲皮素治疗组肝酶水平及PCT、TNF-α水平较假手术组均明显升高（P〈0．05），且脓毒症组各指标水平升高更明显（P〈0．05）。槲皮素2组肝酶指标中AST水平及TNF-α水平明显低于槲皮素1组（P〈0．05），但ALT水平及PCT水平两组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论不同剂量槲皮素均能改善脓毒症大鼠肝细胞的损伤，说明槲皮素对脓毒症大鼠肝细胞具有保护作用，且保护作用有一定的剂量依赖性。

β1受体阻滞剂对脓毒症大鼠心肌损伤的影响

目的探讨β1受体阻滞剂对脓毒症大鼠心肌损伤的影响和机制。方法将健康雄性大鼠72只随机分为对照组、脓毒症组、治疗组，每组24只。脓毒症组采用盲肠结扎穿孔法（CLP）建立脓毒症模型，对照组仅剖腹而不进行CLP。脓毒症组和对照组在关腹后皮下注射生理盐水3mL／100g；治疗组除皮下补液外，经尾静脉注射艾司洛尔15mg／（kg·h）持续静脉泵入，分别于3、6、12、24h采集标本，在每个时间点每组大鼠均为6只，观察三组血清肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、心肌组织核转录因子-κBp65（NF—κBp65）、心肌肌钙蛋白I（cTnI）的变化。结果与对照组比较，脓毒症组在各时间点血清TNF-α浓度、cTnI浓度及心肌组织NF—κBp65表达均显著升高（P〈0．05）；与脓毒症组比较，治疗组在各时间点血清TNF—α浓度、cTnI浓度及心肌组织NF—κBp65表达均降低（P〈0．05）。结论β1受体阻滞剂艾司洛尔可减轻脓毒症大鼠心肌损伤，其机制可能与抑制心肌NF—κBp65的表达，降低血清促炎介质的产生有关。β1受体阻滞剂能改善脓毒症失控的炎症反应以及保护心肌功能。

四种炎症因子与冠心病的关系研究

目的探讨超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白介素-6(IL-6)及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)与冠心病相关性同时,对IDO与冠心病的相关性做出初步描述。方法选择经冠脉造影确诊的冠心病患者20例,另根据年龄及性别组成选择健康体检者作为对照用双抗体夹心ELISA法测定血浆IL-6、TNF-α及IDO水平,用免疫透射比浊法测定hs-CRP水平。结果血清hs-CRP、IL-6、TNF-α及IDO水平在两组之间均差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论 hs-CRP、IL-6、TNF-α水平高低与冠心病诊断有一定相关性,并在一定程度上可以说明IDO与冠心病有相关性,对于冠心病诊断提供另一条重要线索。

吸烟状态对AMI患者发病6h内炎症因子表达的影响

目的探讨吸烟状态对急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者发病6h内血清IL-1、hs—CRP、TNF-α和IL-10表达水平的影响。方法采用双抗体夹心ABC—ELISA法测定IL-1、IL-10，放射免疫分析测定TNF-α，速率散热比浊法测定hs-CRP，3组均数比较采用单因素方差分析，采用q检验对组间进行两两比较，计数资料采用r检验。结果方差分析结果显示，3组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），q检验进一步显示，3组IL-1、hs-CRP、TNF-α和IL-10两两之间的比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。不吸烟AMI组患者血清中IL-1、hs-CRP、TNF-α和IL-10表达水平高于正常对照组（P〈0．05），吸烟AMI组患者血清中IL-1、hs—CRP、TNF-α和IL-10表达水平高于不吸烟组和正常对照组。结论吸烟可上调AMI患者血清IL-1、hs—CRP、TNF-α和IL-10表达水平。

冠心病患者细胞因子测定的临床意义

目的:探讨了冠心病患者血清IL-6、IL-10、IL-18和TNF-α检测的临床意义。方法:分别应用放射免疫分析和酶联免疫法对71例冠心病患者进行了血清IL-6、IL-10、IL-18和TNF-α水平检测(其中稳定性心绞痛35例、不稳定心绞痛21例、急性心肌梗死15例),并与35名正常健康人作比较。结果:冠心病患者血清IL-6、IL-10、IL-18和TNF-α水平均非常显著地高于正常人组(P<0.01),急性心肌梗死组和不稳定心绞痛组又高于稳定型心绞痛组(P<0.05)。结论:检测冠心病患者血清中IL-6、IL-10、IL-18和TNF-α水平对疾病的预后观察具有重要的临床价值。

慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期血清瘦素与肺功能关系的临床研究

目的：探讨血清瘦素（ leptin ）与慢性阻塞性肺疾病（ chronic obstructive pulmonary disease， COPD）急性加重期患者肺功能的关系。方法选择COPD急性加重期患者35例、COPD稳定期患者38例及健康志愿者30例，抽取空腹血。用放免法测定血清瘦素、用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）测定肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）及用全自动生化仪检测C-反应蛋白（CRP）；检测肺功能，记录1 s用力呼气量（ FEVl ）、最大通气量（ MVV）、肺一氧化碳弥散量（ DLCO ）等指标、分析COPD急性加重期患者血清瘦素水平与TNF-α、CRP、肺功能等的相关性。结果①COPD急性加重期患者血清瘦素、TNF-α、CRP均明显高于COPD稳定期组和对照组，而FEVl、MVV、DLCO则明显低于后者；②COPD急性加重期患者血清瘦素与TNF-α、CRP呈正相关，与FEVl、MVV、DLCO呈负相关。结论血清瘦素可判断COPD急性加重期预后，可以评估肺功能损害风险。