Application of BDRM Theory in the Two-AXIS Underwater Channel

Two-axis underwater channel often exists in deep ocean. Because of the coupling between surface channel and SOFAR channel, sound propagation in the two-axis underwater channel is complex and so its calculations of acoustic fields are difficult. The beam-displacement ray-mode （BDRM） theory is a normal mode method for propagation modeling in the common horizontally stratified shallow water. We improve the theory, proposing a new method for computing the upper boundary reflection coefficient, and apply it to calculate the acoustic fields of two-axis underwater channel. Transmission losses in the two-axis underwater channel are calculated by the BDRM theory. The results are in good agreement with the KRAKEN code and the computational speed excels those of the other methods.

Error modeling and analysis of inclinometer based on digital accelerometer

Measuring accuracy of inclinometer based on accelerometer is mainly influenced by the adopted accelerometer sensor.To improve the measuring accuracy of the inclinometer,the structure of the measuring system is given and measuring principle is analyzed,and the error model is established in this paper.Furthermore,the model is verified by simulation and experiment,which not only gives the smallest errors of the measured pitch and roll,but also lays foundation for sensor selection,error analysis and error compensation.The results show that the error model is of practical value.

A Novel Roll Compensation Method for Two-Axis Transportable Satellite Antennas

Two-axis transportable satellite antennas(TATSAs) have been widely adopted owing to its simple structure and low cost. However, by searching in a wide range, it will take a very long searching time. Under extreme conditions, it will even fail to work. In this paper, we propose a novel roll compensation(RC) method for the low-cost TATSAs to achieve faster tracking even if when the antenna has no azimuth sensor. By analyzing the influence of roll axis on the system performance, details of the compensation method are derived. Simulation and measurement results indicate that the proposed RC method can effectively reduce the initial searching time for satellite communication. In addition, tracking along with the ellipse path with the RC method provides the highest tracking efficiency.

The Error Compensation of Inclinometer Based on Polynomial Fitting

In order to reduce the influence of nonlinear characteristic and temperature on the measuring accuracy of inclinometer, the application of polynomial fitting principle to compensate the measuring error of inclinometer is studied. According to the analysis of the experimental data of inclinometer, a polynomial model of the nonlinear error and the measured value is constructed, and then the relation between the coefficient of the polynomial model and the temperature is obtained by fitting, and finally the function of the measurement error of inclinometer on the measured inclination and temperature is obtained. The results show that this method is feasible and effective, which can not only reduce the influence of temperature, but also correct its nonlinear error.

Sound propagation in two-axis underwater channel based on beam-displacement ray-mode theory

Sound propagation in a deep ocean two-axis underwater channel is often complex and difficult to simulate between surface channel and sound fixing and ranging (SOFAR) channel. The beam-displacement ray-mode (BDRM) theory is a normal mode method for propagation modeling in horizontally stratified shallow water. An improved method for computing the upper boundary reflection coefficient in the BDRM is proposed and applied to calculate the acoustic fields of a two-axis underwater channel. Transmission losses in the two-axis underwater channel are calculated in the new BDRM. The corresponding results are in good agreement with those from the Kraken code, and furthermore the computed speed of the new BDRM excels the other methods.

Tunable two-axis spin model and spin squeezing in two cavities

Multi-mode cavities have now attracted much attention both experimentally and theoretically. In this paper, inspired by recent experiments of cavity-assisted Raman transitions, we realize a two-axis spin Hamiltonian H = q（J_x^2＋ χJ_y^2） ＋ ω_0J_z in two cavities. This realized Hamiltonian has a distinct property that all parameters can be tuned independently. For proper parameters, the well-studied one- and two-axis twisting Hamiltonians are recovered, and the scaling of N^（-1） of the maximal squeezing factor can occur naturally. On the other hand, in the two-axis twisting Hamiltonian, spin squeezing is usually reduced when increasing the atomic resonant frequency ω_0. Surprisingly, we find that by combining with the dimensionless parameter χ（-1）, this atomic resonant frequency ω_0 can enhance spin squeezing greatly. These results are beneficial for achieving the required spin squeezing in experiments.

Research of the Data Processing Method in Two-Axis Servo Drift Testing

The theory and algorithm of Singular Value Decomposition(SVD) is introduced.The advantage of Singular Value Decomposition used in system identification is studied,compared and illustrated through analyzing the data of navigational gyroscopes drift in two-axis servo testing.

Endoscopic Optical Doppler Tomography Based on Two-Axis Scanning MEMS Mirror

We study the feasibility of endoscopic optical Doppler tomography with a micro-electro-mechanical system(MEMS) mirror based probe. The additional phase shifts introduced by the probe are tracked and formulated.The suppression method of the probe phase shifts is proposed and validated by fluid flow detection experiments.In vivo blood flow detection is also implemented on a hairless mouse. The velocities of the blood flow in two directions are obtained to be-8.1 mm/s and 6.6 mm/s, respectively.

基于MEMS陀螺的高温随钻定向测斜仪研究

针对油气井测量时所面临的小孔径、超深井、温度范围广、温度变化率高、工作时间长等挑战,研究了基于MEMS陀螺仪的定向测斜仪,设计了MEMS陀螺定向测斜仪软硬件系统.为确保该环境下的测量精度提出了一种动态温度补偿方案,并采用基于小波滤波多尺度分析的方法对动态温变环境下陀螺输出信号进行去噪滤波处理,以实现定向测斜仪系统的测量精度.论文给出了定向测斜仪硬件系统方案、定向测斜算法、小波多尺度滤波算法.测试结果表明:该系统在常温和动态温变环境下井斜方位角精度优于±2°,井斜角精度优于±0.1°,工作温度最高150℃,可适应我国深层油气井勘探开发的应用场景需求.

Kalman滤波在自动化监测数据噪声处理上的应用研究

对Kalman滤波在静力水准和固定式测斜仪原始数据降噪处理中的应用进行研究。结果表明,在缓慢变形条件下,Kalman滤波可以有效过滤原始数据中的噪声,提供试验结果,还原监测对象真实变形情况。但在突发变形情况下,Kal-man滤波反应滞后。因此,实际应用中应综合使用滤波前和滤波后的数据,以更准确地研判变形趋势和规律,为自动监测数据的噪声处理提供了新的思路和方法。通过Kalman滤波的应用,可以进一步提高监测数据的准确性和可靠性,为工程安全监测和地质灾害预警等领域提供支持。

承德地区摆式仪器观测背景功率谱密度特征分析

为获取承德地区摆式倾斜仪捕捉的地震前兆信息及仪器性能,利用功率谱密度分析方法研究3台VP型垂直摆和1台水平摆倾斜仪的噪声频谱特征。研究结果表明,正常情况下,4台仪器记录的主要背景噪声为0.2 Hz以下的低频自然环境噪声;降雨事件主要影响0.2 Hz以下的低频段;摆式仪器能较好地记录到地震波,近震为更多高频成分,远震以记录面波占主导;地震事件可导致0~0.3 Hz频段的噪声显著增加;仪器标定过程中,低频噪声会显著增加。

一种灰色关联分析优化ICEEMDAN的VP倾斜仪信号降噪模型

VP倾斜仪固体潮信号受仪器监测复杂环境限制,多含有大量环境噪声。为获得真实固体潮曲线,提出一种基于灰色关联分析优化改进的自适应噪声完备集合经验模态分解(ICEEMDAN)VP倾斜仪信号降噪模型(GRA-ICEEMDAN)。该方法首先将含噪信号进行ICCEMDAN处理,得到若干个固有模态函数(IMF),并依次排列与标记;然后基于这些IMF分别计算相关系数、互信息、R^(2)、Adj-R^(2)、MSE、SSE、RMSE、MAE、MAPE、样本熵等10个评价指标值,构建IMF可信度评价指标矩阵;最后借助灰色关联分析(GRA)计算各评价指标与不同IMF之间的关联系数和关联度,依据关联度大小对各个IMF进行排序,将排名靠前的IMF进行线性重构,即可完成信号降噪。仿真去噪实验和实测去噪实验均表明,GRA-ICEEMDAN模型优于卡尔曼滤波、70阶低通FIR滤波、Savitzky-Golay等经典降噪模型,能显著区分噪声成分和有效成分,原始信号分解后的重构误差与信号损失极小,可推广至其他仪器的复杂信号降噪中。

基于方差补偿AKF-BP的电解液式测斜仪精度提升研究

电解液式测斜仪广泛适用于测量土石坝、面板坝、岩土边坡、路堤、基坑等结构物的水平位移监测。为消除环境温度变化和测量噪声引起的电解液式测斜仪测量误差,进行了传感器温度实验,并对硬件本身、工作环境、数据采集三种测量误差影响因素和温度变化影响因素进行详细分析,提出了一种基于方差补偿自适应卡尔曼滤波(AKF)和BP神经网络(BPNN)的精度补偿模型;结果表明,补偿后的电解液式测斜仪水平位移的均方误差相较于补偿前平均降低了80%以上,从而有效减少计算水平位移的误差,极大提升了电解液式测斜仪的测量精度,可应用于电解液式测斜仪实际工程。

天津蓟县地震台两套VP宽频带倾斜仪数据对比分析

蓟县地震台是天津地区唯一的基岩出露台,台站两套VP宽频带倾斜仪分别安装在新山洞和小辛庄山洞。通过对蓟县台的两套VP宽频带倾斜仪数据内在质量、同震响应、环境影响、仪器维修等方面的对比分析,得出以下结论:以2023年为例,两套仪器的潮汐因子稳定性均较好,由于摆系故障,新山洞VP宽频带倾斜仪NS向精度比较差。通过2018—2023年对比,小辛庄山洞VP宽频带倾斜仪具有明显的年变形态,新山洞VP宽频带倾斜仪年变形态不明显,这可能与新山洞地质区域性节理发育以及台站周围抽水影响有关。强降雨、气压等自然环境变化会对两套仪器观测造成一定影响。两套VP宽频带倾斜仪均有较强记录地震的能力,能够清晰的记录到远场地震几秒至几十秒周期面波,对于近场中强震可以清晰记录P波初至,但是后续震相识别较为困难。针对新山洞VP宽频带倾斜仪EW向曾经出现的不定时突跳错数的故障,总结归纳了维修过程,为同类仪器运维提供参考。

Assel轧管机辗轧角测量方法及其工程应用

针对Assel轧管机辗轧角对钢管成型质量影响大,但无准确测量方法,依靠经验调整的问题,介绍了一种测量Assel轧管机辗轧角的方法。该方法通过倾角测量仪分别测出3个轧辊相对于水平面的倾角,其中上辊的实际辗轧角等于测量角度,下辊的实际辗轧角则利用三棱锥计算空间角度法计算得到,具有操作简单、测量快速、结果准确的优点。经过在国内某Assel轧管机上应用,验证了该方法具有可行性。

浅议降雨对丰宁台水管倾斜仪的干扰与排除

选取2021—2023年丰宁地震台DSQ水管倾斜仪和气象三要素观测资料,通过对降雨量与观测数据做相关性分析和褶积滤波分析,并通过褶积滤波法与多元回归法消除降雨的滞后效应,判断降雨与水管仪应变量之间的关系。结果表明:丰宁DSQ水管倾斜仪趋势转折与降雨有关,观测数据日变化幅度与降雨累积值存在良好的线性关系,与瞬时降雨量之间没有明显的相关性,在响应时间上存在1天的滞后;褶积滤波能较好的消除降雨引起的阶变,但未能完全消除2021年6—9月水管仪降雨后NS向南倾、EW向东倾的状态,可能还受到其他因素影响。

基岩深孔测斜管和渗压计同孔安装工艺及应用

为了解决基岩内监测岩体内部位移和水位分别布设深孔导致的成本较高问题,以完整的工程实例为基础,凝练施工过程中如何解决在基岩深孔中安装测斜管和渗压计监测仪器来监测岩体内部位移和水位且节约勘探成本的方案和办法,提出同孔安装测斜管和渗压计的工艺。结合工程实例同孔内岩体内部位移和水位监测资料进行成果分析,岩体内部位移及水位监测数据正常。结果表明该工艺科学可行,可为类似项目提供借鉴。

一种新的无线倾角计在应急监测中的应用

建筑物倾斜情况是判断建筑结构是否安全的重要参数。针对传统的建筑倾斜人工测量费时费力,无法实时监测建筑倾斜等问题,文中设计了一种可用于房屋倾斜应急监测的无线倾角计。装置由上盖、硅胶密封圈、印制线路板、防水Type-C充电接口和下壳组成,其中印制线路板中含有倾角传感器、震动传感器和定位芯片。装置可以用于建筑实时监测,及时预警,满足建筑物紧急情况的要求。将装置用于广东某公寓应急监测,结果表明,装置能够实时监测房屋倾斜状态,测得的数据与传统的全站仪投点法测得数据的平均相对误差不超过8%,最大相对误差不超过10%,能够满足工程监测精度要求,可以大大提高监测效率和频率。

双峰寺水库蓄水变化与承德地震台宽频带倾斜仪测值间相关性研究

为了探究双峰寺水库蓄水变化是否会产生地形变化,利用双峰寺水库2020年、2021年蓄水数据与承德地震台VP型宽频带倾斜仪测值进行相关性研究。通过计算承德地震台宽频带倾斜仪8时整点测值与水库蓄水数据间的皮尔逊相关系数及建立载荷模型,得到水库蓄水引起的地形变量。结果表明,双峰寺水库蓄水对承德地震台宽频带倾斜仪日常观测曲线趋势性影响较小,且二者间相关性不大;蓄水载荷变化对宽频带倾斜仪测值影响不显著,二维、三维载荷模型结果趋于一致。

基于“D”型深孔测斜曲线的滑坡滑动面位置确定方法研究

在实际的深孔位移监测中,测斜曲线的突变特征是滑动面辨识的关键依据,前人通过大量的研究总结将滑动面迹象显著的测斜曲线类型分为了“B”型、“D”型、“r”型等几种。其中,对于“D”型测斜曲线通常是将曲线的鼓包凸起点作为滑动面的位置,但这种方法容易受到测点布置间隔和横纵坐标观测尺度的影响,存在滑面位置定义不清晰、数值不确定的问题。为了能够有效地克服这些缺点,提升测斜曲线滑动面辨识的准确度,基于“D”型测斜曲线变化特征,将滑坡抽象为由“滑动体”“滑动区间”以及“不动体”三者组成的概化模型,根据三者抗弯刚度的差异建立外界荷载作用下的杆件力学模型,深入分析滑坡运动过程中不同深度处土体的变形特点。研究表明,由于“D”型曲线滑动面并未完全贯通,使得土体沿深度方向变形连续无突变,力学模型中杆件正负弯矩的分界点是变形曲线水平位移最大处,能够真实地反映滑坡变形特点以及滑动面的位置。将土体累计位移转化为相对位移,则“D”型深孔测斜曲线变为了“S”型相对位移-深度曲线,且“S”型曲线的拐点与滑动面的位置相近;通过提取监测期内不同深度处土体的平均相对位移,运用三次样条插值法计算“S”型区段内拐点的深度值,能够更加精准地确定滑动面位置,更好地提升深孔位移监测的可靠度和准确度,具有较大的实用价值。