Adaptive Control Based on Neural Networks for an Uncertain 2-DOF Helicopter System With Input Deadzone and Output Constraints

In this paper, a study of control for an uncertain2-degree of freedom(DOF) helicopter system is given. The2-DOF helicopter is subject to input deadzone and output constraints. In order to cope with system uncertainties and input deadzone, the neural network technique is introduced because of its capability in approximation. In order to update the weights of the neural network, an adaptive control method is utilized to improve the system adaptability. Furthermore, the integral barrier Lyapunov function(IBLF) is adopt in control design to guarantee the condition of output constraints and boundedness of the corresponding tracking errors. The Lyapunov direct method is applied in the control design to analyze system stability and convergence. Finally, numerical simulations are conducted to prove the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control based on the model of Quanser's 2-DOF helicopter.

Controllability and Observability of 2-DOF Permanent Magnet Maglev System with Linear Control

A new type of 2-DOF(degree of freedom) magnetic levitation system for multi-DOF levitation is proposed. In this system, the force of permanent magnets are used for levitation and controlled by adjusting the reluctance of the magnetic circuit. Using permanent magnets, the feature of this system is effective for saving energy and avoiding heat generation. First, the principle of the levitation system and typical reluctance control methods are described. Second, an experimental device based on the principle is introduced. Finally, the feasibility of this system is considered from linear control theory.

参考模型前馈2-DOF指令跟踪H_∞控制器设计研究

结合二自由度控制和参考模型控制系统设计原理,提出了一种参考模型前馈控制的二自由度控制系统设计结构。通过推导给出了标准H∞控制广义被控对象的状态空间方程实现形式,并运用该理论研究了导弹俯仰通道指令跟踪系统鲁棒H∞控制器设计问题。文中采用LMI凸优化进行二自由度鲁棒H∞控制器设计,简化了传统方法设计控制器的求解过程。仿真结果表明,应用该方法设计的闭环系统具有良好的快速跟踪特性,说明了该方法的正确性和有效性。

基于VCGA2-DOF PID控制器优化设计

遗传算法提供了一种复杂系统优化问题求解的通用框架,它通过对生物遗传和进化过程的模仿,来实现对问题的最优解的自适应搜索。针对基本遗传算法应用中早熟和慢收敛问题,应用改进的遗传算法,将适应度引入对操作因子的自适应调整,并给出了基于Matlab编程的实例。在此基础上,针对二自由PID的控制器优化设计问题,运用改进的遗传算法,在Matlab上进行了控制器参数的设计和仿真。结果表明,改进的遗传算法具有更快的收敛速度、更高的效率及全局收敛性,是一种适于工程应用的参数寻优方法。

平面2自由度并联机器人的解耦控制和仿真分析

以平面2自由度并联机器人为研究对象,推导其运动学模型,在运动学模型的基础上结合欧拉-拉格朗日动力学方程推导其动力学模型,根据得到的动力学模型引入计算力矩解耦控制方法,并证明该方法在理想估计与非理想估计下,对应的李雅普诺夫函数是全局渐进稳定的,从而得到解耦控制率方程,根据控制率方程和机器人的实际结构参数搭建Simulink仿真模型,进行运动控制仿真,仿真方法有:基于传统PD控制器的计算力矩解耦控制仿真方法和基于自适应模糊控制器的计算力矩解耦控制仿真方法,仿真输出机器人跟踪给定运动轨迹的效果图和误差图。仿真结果表明,无论是在理想或非理想状态下,计算力矩解耦控制方法确实可以使控制系统趋于稳定,且跟踪误差小,通过比较可知,基于自适应模糊控制器的计算力矩解耦控制方法的效果更佳。

新型数字液压2自由度摇摆台建模与试验研究

摇摆台广泛用于模拟舰船、车辆的运动姿态,在车船设备测试、驾驶模拟器等国防与民用领域都有重要的应用价值。基于此,针对自行研制的模拟海洋环境的2自由度液压运动平台,介绍增量式步进电动机、四边滑阀、非对称液压缸、摇摆台架、同步反馈机构等构成的近似开环控制的系统结构和工作原理,建立其运动学和动力学方程,并通过状态方程描述阀控非对称液压缸换向时的跳变特性。在Matlab/Simulink中构建系统的非线性控制模型框图,将仿真与试验结果进行对比分析,表明了该数字液压摇摆台的可行性。

应用2自由度电磁执行器的AMT换挡控制

为提高机械式自动变速器(AMT)换挡品质,研究一种应用2自由度电磁执行器的AMT换挡系统。阐述了执行器的工作原理,建立了执行器电路、磁路、机械耦合的仿真模型,并对其进行了性能测试。执行器可输出1 200 N的电磁力和2.5 N·m的转矩,并具有较快的动态响应。将AMT换挡过程分成4段,在同步过程中建立换挡品质综合最优的目标泛函,采用最优控制使换挡性能达到最佳。设计了退选挡时序重叠协调控制方法。研制了换挡控制器并完成试验,结果显示在转动惯量为0.03 kg·m2、转速差为620 r/min时换挡,选挡时间17.8 ms,换挡时间为135 ms,冲击度为3.68 m/s3,单位面积滑磨功0.077 J/mm2。退选挡时序重叠协调控制可减少换挡时间11 ms。试验结果表明,结合设计的控制策略,该AMT换挡系统取得了较好的换挡性能。

采用2-自由度调节器结构的制动方向稳定性控制算法

结合直接横摆力矩控制和主动前轮转向控制,设计了一种提高制动方向稳定性的复合控制系统.控制器采用2-自由度调节器结构,将前轮转向角视为输入,将作用于车身的外部侧向干扰力视为扰动,通过2-自由度调节器将转向跟随控制和抗扰控制分离,并对制动控制参数进行了优化.文章对有转向输入和路面突变情况下的控制器控制性能进行了仿真研究,并与无方向稳定控制的仿真结果进行了对比.仿真试验证实这种控制方法在提高车辆制动稳定性方面有良好的效果.

2自由度铰接车体车辆越障偏移饱和控制

针对2自由度铰接车体车辆直线越障偏移问题,建立车辆越障运动的动力学模型.以后车体绕z轴的角速度、沿y轴速度和前车体相对后车体的横摆角速度作为被控量,建立误差运动学模型,对误差系统进行稳定性和能控性分析.由于净转向力矩有上限,采用反步法设计系统的抗饱和控制器,对运动偏移控制中的液压转向机构输出饱和现象进行抑制.通过计算得到了在偏移控制过程中液压转向执行机构的净输出力矩随时间变化的曲线.结果表明:加入抗饱和控制器后,通过前后车体间的转向液压系统控制前后车体相对角速度,车辆越障运动时的y向偏移误差在5 s后收敛至0,前后车体夹角、后车体进方向的偏角也随时间逐渐收敛至0,车辆沿直线路径行进,证明抗饱和控制算法能有效地消除越障偏移误差.

球面2自由度机器人的滑模变结构控制

球面2自由度5杆机器人的应用非常广泛,可用于机械数字化仪、微操作装置、灵捷眼和人体关节修复装置等。在球面2自由度5杆机器人运动学和动力学模型研究的基础上,提出了该类机器人系统的滑模变结构控制方法。介绍了球面2自由度机器人的机构和动力学模型。引入决定附加补偿力矩的指数趋近律,建立了球面2自由度机器人的控制算法。提出了外力、质量、转动惯量以及滑模控制参数等对球面2自由度机器人的控制精度和系统稳定性的影响规律,并对球面2自由度机器人进行了控制仿真。仿真表明,控制方法是有效的。在选择合理参数下能避免机器人系统的振荡,且能保持系统的稳定性、鲁棒性和提高系统的运动精度。

Robust <i>H</i>_∞Controller for High Precision Positioning System, Design, Analysis, and Implementation

In this paper, a systematic robust control design and analysis for a single axis precise positioner is presented. The effects of uncertainties on closed-loop stability and performance are considered in the H∞ robust controllers design. v-gap metric is utilized to validate the intelligently estimated uncertainty. The robust controllers are formulated within the frame- work of the standard H∞ mixed sensitivity optimization problem. Furthermore, a specially designed integral-H∞ and two-degree-of-freedom 2 DOF H∞ controllers are developed to provide improved robust performance and resolution properties. It is shown that the proposed design schemes are very effective for robust control and precise tracking performance of the servo positioning system.

Autopilot Control Synthesis for Path Tracking Maneuvers of Underwater Vehicles

This paper is concerned with the robust control synthesis of autonomous underwater vehicle （AUV） for general path following maneuvers. First, we present maneuvering kinematics and vehicle dynamics in a unified framework. Based on H∞ loop-shaping procedure, the 2-DOF autopilot controller has been presented to enhance stability and path tracking. By use of model reduction, the high-order control system is reduced to one with reasonable order, and further the scaled low-order controller has been analyzed in both the frequency and the time domains. Finally, it is shown that the autopilot control system provides robust performance and stability against prescribed levels of uncertainty.

H∞ Robust Control System of a High-Purity Distillation Column

This paper presents the design of a robust control system for a high-purity distillation column. It is concerned with the design of a two degree-of-freedom (2DOF) product-composition controller for a high-purity distillation column. The H∞ optimization problem is set up to ensure a guaranteed level of robust stability, robust disturbance attenuation and robust reference tracking performance.

Model Helicopter Control Using Body-Mounted Vibro-Tactile Transducers

The sense of touch as a man-machine communication channel can be as acute as the sense of sight and sound. In some scenarios such as those seen in aerobatics, stunt flying, and combat flights, tactile sensors can even outperform the conventional non-contact sensors in terms of situation awareness. Fusion of tactile sensory information with those obtained via sight and sound can avoid diverting the user’s attention away from the operational task at hand as well. In this study, the performance of an operator, to servo control the motion of a 2-dof model helicopter with pitch/yaw maneuverability, subjected to an intuitive body-referenced arrangement of a cluster of vibro-tactile sensors is investigated. A blindfolded operator will then control the helicopter to a safe attraction zone via a joystick based on this tactile sensory information. A fine-tuned local controller would take over for the end-of-motion precise homing. This study can pave the way towards a systematic integration and characterization of tactile sensors in high performance weapon platforms with improved situation awareness in visually awkward maneuvers such as those seen in aerial combat scenarios.

Robust Digital Control of a Broadband PWM Power Amplifier

Lately, it is required that the bandwidth of PWM （pulse width modulation） power amplifier is extended. For example, it is in application of the testing power supply of a low frequency immunity examination, or a class-D amplifier. In this paper, the authors show that the bandwidth of PWM power amplifier can be controller. This controller is implemented on a DSP （digital can be made wider with this controller. extended by using an approximate 2DOF （2-degree-of-freedom） digital signal processor）. It is demonstrated from experiments that the bandwidth

基于二自由度PI的微型涡喷发动机转速闭环控制

针对传统PI控制无法使微型涡喷发动机的扰动抑制性能与设定值跟踪性能同时最佳的问题,开展了微型涡喷发动机二自由度(Two-Degree-of-Freedom, 2-DOF)PI控制研究。首先基于Speedgoat实时目标机搭建了快速原型试验系统。根据发动机开环试验数据辨识得到不同稳态点下的传递函数模型,在此基础上设计了2-DOF PI控制器,并进行仿真验证。最后将控制算法部署至Speedgoat中开展实物试验。结果表明,设计的2-DOF PI控制器能够使微型涡喷发动机的扰动抑制性能与设定值跟踪性能同时最佳,并在发动机较大的工作范围内有良好的控制性能。

基于事件触发的机械臂轨迹跟踪控制

针对2-DOF机械臂系统存在网络通信约束和外部扰动时的轨迹跟踪问题,提出了一种自适应事件触发滑模控制策略。首先,以2-DOF机械臂的动力学模型为基础,利用归一化的反正切函数设计滑模控制器缓解切换到滑模面时的不连续性,减小控制系统存在的抖振问题;其次,为节省网络通信资源,基于此控制器提出一种自适应事件触发机制,可以根据状态误差动态调整触发阈值,降低触发频率;最后,利用Lyapunov函数分析法证明了控制器和事件触发机制作用下闭环系统的渐近收敛,且排除了芝诺现象。仿真结果表明所提方法可以削弱控制器抖振,在减少系统数据传输次数的同时实现对机械臂期望轨迹的跟踪。

基于改进混合遗传算法的二自由度PID控制器设计与应用

针对一般遗传算法存在的不足 ,提出一种改进的混合遗传算法 ,并将其应用于二自由度 PID控制器参数寻优设计。仿真试验表明 ,所设计的二自由度 PID控制器具有优良的鲁棒特性和抑制外界干扰特性。在仿真转台控制系统设计中获得了良好的控制效果 ,从而说明了该方法的有效性。

永磁直线同步伺服电机的零相位二自由度H_∞鲁棒跟踪控制

针对永磁直线同步伺服电机(PMLSM)直接驱动伺服系统,提出了一种将零相位误差跟踪控制(ZPETC)和H∞鲁棒控制相结合的二自由度鲁棒跟踪控制策略,以解决系统的快速而精确的跟踪控制性能和抗扰性能之间的矛盾。零相位误差跟踪控制器保证了快速性,使系统实现准确跟踪;而H∞控制器克服了负载扰动等不确定性影响,保证了系统具有较强的鲁棒性能。仿真结果表明,该方案在保证伺服系统的快速精确跟踪性的同时,对系统参数变化和阻力扰动具有很强的鲁棒性。

船用两自由度运动平台控制策略研究

一种船用并联平台,具有三个支撑点,液压伺服驱动双缸运动,可以完成横摇和纵摇两个运动自由度.介绍了基于铰点坐标的单通道控制与基于自由度的控制策略,建立了Matlab/simulink仿真模型,对自由度控制效果进行了验证,仿真结果表明基于自由度的控制策略可以保证平台运动过程中两套驱动系统协调运动,有效减少侧倾自由度的耦合输出.