Protein extraction is a critical step for two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE). Different plant samples require different and adaptive protein extraction protocols. The leaves of medicinal plant, Baphicacanthus cu...Protein extraction is a critical step for two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE). Different plant samples require different and adaptive protein extraction protocols. The leaves of medicinal plant, Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Bremek are notoriously recalcitrant to common protein extraction methods due to high levels of interfering compounds (especially the secondary metabolites and pigments). This study was aimed to establish a routine procedure for the proteomic analysis ofB. cusia leaves, and a new protocol for the protein extraction was developed by optimizing trichloroacetic acid (TCA)/ acetone extraction method. The efficiency of this protocol was demonstrated by comparison with 3 published protein extraction methods (chloroform/acetone, Mg/NP-40, Tris-base/acetone). The results showed that the optimized TCA/ acetone precipitation extraction method gave a relatively high protein yield (9.263 mg g^-1 fresh weight), high-resolution separation, clear protein profiles, the highest proteins spots (1 31 t protein spots), and displayed less contamination in 2- DE gels. Therefore, the results suggested that the optimized TCA/acetone method was the most effective among the 4 methods for B. cusia leaves.展开更多
The overwintering survival ratio of the cultivar Dongnongdongmai 1 with strong cold-resistance in paramos of Heilongjiang Province in China are over 85%. The tillering nodes are the most important organs for overwinte...The overwintering survival ratio of the cultivar Dongnongdongmai 1 with strong cold-resistance in paramos of Heilongjiang Province in China are over 85%. The tillering nodes are the most important organs for overwintering survival of winter wheat, because there are more substances associated with cold resistance in tillering nodes than those in leaves and roots. Proteins in the tillering nodes of the cold-resistant cultivar Dongnongdongmai 1 grown under field conditions with or without any lowtemperature stress were analyzed by 2-dimensional electrophoresis and identified by mass spectrometry. In the range of pH 4-7, the expression of 37 proteins showed obvious difference (±more than two fold) in the proteomic maps of cold-stressed and non-stressed tillering nodes, including a new protein spot. All proteins exhibiting the difference in expression were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, followed by a database search for protein identification and function prediction. Five groups of proteins were confirmed, namely stress-related proteins (22%), metabolism-associated proteins (35%), and signaling molecules (24%), cell wall-binding proteins (5%), unclear proteins (14%). This indicated that tillering node cells supported the energy requirements of plant growth and stress resistance by signal transduction adapting to metabolism and structure.展开更多
Objective: To establish and optimize the two-demensional electrophoresis maps of uterine leiomyoma and to study the difference of global protein patterns between uterine leiomyoma and normal myometrium. Methods: Usi...Objective: To establish and optimize the two-demensional electrophoresis maps of uterine leiomyoma and to study the difference of global protein patterns between uterine leiomyoma and normal myometrium. Methods: Using Two-dimensional electrophoresis followed by computer-assisted image analysis, the differential proteins between uterine leiomyoma and normal myometrium were compared. Results: The well-resolved and reproducible two-dimensional gel electrophoresis patterns of uterine leiomyoma and normal myometrium were established. Totally 1085±108 and 1103±151 protein spots were obtained by using the pH 4-7 IPG strips in uterine leiomyoma and normal myometrium map, respectively, of which 7 spots increased and 15 spots decreased in quantity in uterine leiomyoma compared with normal myometrium. Conclusion: The differentially expressed proteins are useful for studying the mechanism of the cause of uterine leiomyoma.展开更多
Taking Sillago sihama Forssk?l as the research object,through the optimization of the extraction method,hydration and isoelectric focusing,a two-dimensional electrophoresis system was established for spleen proteome o...Taking Sillago sihama Forssk?l as the research object,through the optimization of the extraction method,hydration and isoelectric focusing,a two-dimensional electrophoresis system was established for spleen proteome of S. sihama Forssk?l. The results showed that the twpstep hydration and isoelectric focusing method is better than the hydration and isoelectric focusing integrated method. The protein spots of the spleen of S. sihama Forssk?l were detected by two-dimensional electrophoresis mainly at pH 4. 0-7. 0. The establishment of this technical system will lay a foundation for further research on proteomics of S. sihama Forssk?l in the future.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have confirmed the existence of specific proteins in body fluid of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. However, the existing research has contained several interference factors with poo...BACKGROUND: Previous studies have confirmed the existence of specific proteins in body fluid of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. However, the existing research has contained several interference factors with poor reproducibility and has not focused on patients grouped according to disease duration. OBJECTIVE: To verify differential expression of proteins in cerebrospinal fluid of PD patients grouped in order of disease severity through the use of two-dimensional electrophoresis-mass spectrometry methods. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The proteomic-based, case-control study was performed between September 2008 and June 2009 at the Key Laboratory of Neurology in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 52 outpatients and/or inpatients, who were admitted to the Department of Neurology in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between 2008 and 2009, were randomized into the present study. Among them, 27 PD patients served as the PD group and were assigned to three subgroups according to modified Webster, Hoehn, and Yahr rating scales: 14 = mild, 8 = moderate, and 5 = severe; non-PD group of 16 patients included 5 cases of viral meningitis, 3 cases of acute myelitis, 1 case of Guillain-Barre syndrome, 2 cases of tuberculous meningitis, 2 cases of restless legs syndrome, and 3 cases of essential tremor; control group (n = 9) consisted of muscular tension headache in 6 cases, as well as syncope, trigeminal neuralgia, idiopathic orthostatic hypotension in 1 case. METHODS: Cerebrospinal fluid was collected from the involved patients using the lumbar puncture method. Proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Characteristics of protein electrophoresis patterns were analyzed, differentially expressed proteins were detected using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry, and protein data were analyzed in the Mascot database. RESULTS: Five protein electropherograms were analyzed by PDQuest 8.0, and (789 ± 32) protein spots were observed. There were significant differences in four protein spots in each of the PD sub-groups compared with the non-disease and control groups. Expression was down-regulated in three protein spots and up-regulated in one protein spot; 100% repetition rate was observed in four protein spots. According to the Mascot database, protein spots with down-regulated expression were as follows: DNA-guided RNA polymerase III subunit RPC5 (score: 50 points); double serine, threonine, and tyrosine protein kinase (score: 64 points, P 〈 0.05); activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (score: 58 points, P 〈 0.05). However, G2 mitotic-specific cyclin was up-regulated (score: 84 points, P 〈 0.05). CONCLUSION: Differential protein expression in the cerebrospinal fluid of PD patients was detected by two-dimensional electrophoresis-mass spectrometry, revealing changes in DNA-guided RNA polymerase III subunit RPC5, double serine, threonine, and tyrosine protein kinase, activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein, and G2 mitotic cell cyclin, with good reproducibility.展开更多
Objective: To establish and optimize the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) maps of squamous carcinoma of the cervix and to study the protein difference between squamous carcinoma of the cervix (SCC) and ...Objective: To establish and optimize the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) maps of squamous carcinoma of the cervix and to study the protein difference between squamous carcinoma of the cervix (SCC) and normal cervical tissue. Methods: Using Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by computer-assisted image analysis, the differential proteins between squamous carcinoma of the cervical tissue and normal cervical tissue were compared. Then using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry, the differential proteins were identified. Results: The well-resolved and reproducible two-dimensional gel electrophoresis patterns of squamous carcinoma of the cervix tissue and normal cervical tissue were obtained. After silver staining, the average matching ratio of squamous carcinoma of the cervix was 86.1%. There was a good reproducibility of spot position in 2-DE map, with average deviation in IEF direction of 0.95±0.13 mm, while in SDS-PAGE direction it was 1.20±0.18 mm. Ten protein spots were identified by mass spectrometry, some of which were involved in cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, intracellular enzymes, structural proteins, cycle regulation, and tumor occurrence. Conclusion: The differentially expressed proteins provide a fundamental basis for further study of human squamous carcinoma of the cervix and screening of its specific markers.展开更多
For searching out male sterility-related proteins (polypeptides) in rice(Oryza sativa L. ), we examined the difference of panicle protein (polypeptides) between hybrid rice( Wujin2A/R168, Wujin5A/R988) and their paren...For searching out male sterility-related proteins (polypeptides) in rice(Oryza sativa L. ), we examined the difference of panicle protein (polypeptides) between hybrid rice( Wujin2A/R168, Wujin5A/R988) and their parents (male-sterile line Wujin2A, Wujin5A, and restorerline R168, R988) at the formation stage of pollen mother cell by two-dimensional electrophoresis(2-DE). The results revealed that the 2-DE polypeptide maps were similar among these experimentalmaterials. A small group of polypeptides were disappeared in 2-DE polypeptide maps of male-sterileline (Wu-jin2A, WujinSA) by comparing to restorer line (R168, R988) and the first filial (F, )generation (Wujin2A/R168, Wujin5A/R988). The isoelectric points of these polypeptides were pl5.8-6.5, molecular weight 42. 7 X 10~3-66. 2 X 10~3.展开更多
Objective To explore an effective method of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus protein extraction suitable for two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) analysis. Methods The extracts of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus were p...Objective To explore an effective method of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus protein extraction suitable for two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) analysis. Methods The extracts of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus were prepared with Coca's solution, lysis buffer of 2-DE, and Trizol reagent, respectively. Bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay was used to determine the total protein concentration of the samples. The efficiency of different protein extraction methods were evaluated with 2-DE analysis. Results The concentrations of extracted protein by methods of Coca's solution, lysis buffer, and Trizol reagent were 0.63 g/L,0.90 g/L,and 0.80 g/L, respectively. The 2-DE analysis results showed that some protein spots in low molecular weight (LMW) range could be detected with the Coca's solution method. With the lysis buffer of 2-DE method, more protein spots in LMW range could be detected, while the medium molecular weight (MMW) protein spots were absent. Several MMW protein spots (174-178 kD and 133 kD) and more LMW protein spots were detected with Trizol reagent method. Conclusions Among Coca's solution, lysis buffer of 2-DE, and Trizol reagent, the concentration of extracted protein of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus by lysis buffer of 2-DE is the highest. However, most protein components of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus purified mite bodies can be extracted by Trizol reagent, which may generally reflect the whole profile of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus allergens.展开更多
AIM: To conduct the proteomic analysis of human colorectal carcinoma cell line, SW480 by using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption /ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (...AIM: To conduct the proteomic analysis of human colorectal carcinoma cell line, SW480 by using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption /ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDITOFMS).METHODS: The total proteins of human colorectal carcinoma cell line, SW480 were separated with 2-DE by using immobilized pH gradient strips and visualized by staining with silver nitrate. The gel images were acquired by scanner and 2-DE analysis software, Image Master 2D Elite. Nineteen distinct protein spots were excised from gel randomly and digested in gel by TPCK-trypsin. Mass analysis ofthe tryptic digest peptides mixture was performed by using MALDI-TOF MS. Peptide mass fingerprints (PMFs) obtained by the MALDI-TOF analysis were used to search NCBI,SWISS-PROT and MSDB databases by using Mascot software.RESULTS: PMF maps of all spots were obtained by MALDI-TOF MS and thirteen proteins were preliminarily identified.CONCLUSION: The methods of analysis and identification of protein spots of tumor cells in 2-DE gel with silver staining by MALDI-TOF MS derived PMF have been established.Protein expression profile of SW480 has been obtained.It is demonstrated that a combination of proteomics and cell culture is a useful approach to comprehend the process of colon carcinogenesis.展开更多
Two-dimensional electrophoresis(2-DE) of protein extracted and purified from Alexandrium sp. LC3 was conducted. In the SDS-PAGE study, the relative molecular weights of the proteins were mainly in the range of 14 kDa?...Two-dimensional electrophoresis(2-DE) of protein extracted and purified from Alexandrium sp. LC3 was conducted. In the SDS-PAGE study, the relative molecular weights of the proteins were mainly in the range of 14 kDa?31 kDa and 43 kDa?66 kDa, and more proteins were detected between 14 kDa and 31 kDa. With the improved protein preparation, the two-dimensional electrophoresis patterns indicated that the relative molecular weights of the proteins were between 14 kDa and 100 kDa, and most of them ranged from 14 kDa to 31 kDa. This was consistent with the result of the SDS-PAGE analysis. The isoelectric points were found to lie between 3.0 and 8.0, and most of them were in the range of 3.0?6.0. Better separation effect was acquired with pre-prepared immobilized gradient (IPG) strip (pH 3?5.6), and about 320 protein spots could be visualized on the 2-DE map by staining. Within pH 3?10 and pH 3?5.6 strips, the protein samples of Alexandrium sp. LC3 could be separated well.展开更多
Objective: To analyze and identify differentially expressed phosphoproteins associated with mitochondrial KATP channel opening. Methods: Adult rat ventricular myocytes were isolated, cultured, and identified, and pret...Objective: To analyze and identify differentially expressed phosphoproteins associated with mitochondrial KATP channel opening. Methods: Adult rat ventricular myocytes were isolated, cultured, and identified, and pretreated without or with 100μmol/L diazoxide for 10 min. Phosphoproteins prepared and enriched from the control and diazoxide-pretreated cells were separated by two-dimensional gel elec-trophoresis (2-DE) followed by sliver staining. The obtained interesting phosphoproteins were further i-dentified by mass spectrometry. Results: Associated with diazoxide preconditioning, the proteins of chap-eronin containing TCP-1 and hypothetical protein XP- 346548 were phosphorylated significantly (P< 0. 01), while the 94-kDa glucose-regulated protein, calpactin I heavy chain and ferritin were dephosphory-lated markedly (P<0. 01). Conclusion: These findings suggest that cardiomyocytes undergo significant posttranslational modification via phosphorylation in a multitude of proteins in order to respond diazoxide preconditioning, and these phosphorylated protein may mediate the downstream signaling of cardioprotec-tion by mitochondrial KATP channel opening induced by ischemic preconditioning.展开更多
Total proteins in the pollen of Humulus scandens Lour,one of the most popular aeroallergens in China,were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis in the current study.The proteins were extracted by Trichloracetic ...Total proteins in the pollen of Humulus scandens Lour,one of the most popular aeroallergens in China,were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis in the current study.The proteins were extracted by Trichloracetic acid(TCA)method,and then separated by isoelectric focusing as the first dimension and SDS-PAGE as the second dimension.The spots of proteins were visualized by staining with Coomassie Brilliant Blue.After analysis with software(ImageMaster 2D),122 different proteins were detected;isoelectric point(pI),Molecular weight(MW)and relative volume of each protein in the pollen were also discovered.This is the first high-resolution,two-dimensional protein map of the pollen of Humulus scandens Lour in China.Our finding has built a solid foundation for identification,characteriza-tion,gene cloning and standardization of allergenic proteins in the pollen of Humulus scandens Lour for further studies.展开更多
The electron's charge and spin degrees of freedom are at the core of modern electronic devices. With the in-depth investigation of two-dimensional materials, another degree of freedom, valley, has also attracted t...The electron's charge and spin degrees of freedom are at the core of modern electronic devices. With the in-depth investigation of two-dimensional materials, another degree of freedom, valley, has also attracted tremendous research interest. The intrinsic spontaneous valley polarization in two-dimensional magnetic systems, ferrovalley material, provides convenience for detecting and modulating the valley. In this review, we first introduce the development of valleytronics.Then, the valley polarization forms by the p-, d-, and f-orbit that are discussed. Following, we discuss the investigation progress of modulating the valley polarization of two-dimensional ferrovalley materials by multiple physical fields, such as electric, stacking mode, strain, and interface. Finally, we look forward to the future developments of valleytronics.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)materials have attracted tremendous interest in view of the outstanding optoelectronic properties,showing new possibilities for future photovoltaic devices toward high performance,high specific powe...Two-dimensional(2D)materials have attracted tremendous interest in view of the outstanding optoelectronic properties,showing new possibilities for future photovoltaic devices toward high performance,high specific power and flexibility.In recent years,substantial works have focused on 2D photovoltaic devices,and great progress has been achieved.Here,we present the review of recent advances in 2D photovoltaic devices,focusing on 2D-material-based Schottky junctions,homojunctions,2D−2D heterojunctions,2D−3D heterojunctions,and bulk photovoltaic effect devices.Furthermore,advanced strategies for improving the photovoltaic performances are demonstrated in detail.Finally,conclusions and outlooks are delivered,providing a guideline for the further development of 2D photovoltaic devices.展开更多
Antimony-based anodes have attracted wide attention in potassium-ion batteries due to their high theoretical specific capacities(∼660 mA h g^(-1))and suitable voltage platforms.However,severe capacity fading caused b...Antimony-based anodes have attracted wide attention in potassium-ion batteries due to their high theoretical specific capacities(∼660 mA h g^(-1))and suitable voltage platforms.However,severe capacity fading caused by huge volume change and limited ion transportation hinders their practical applications.Recently,strategies for controlling the morphologies of Sb-based materials to improve the electrochemical performances have been proposed.Among these,the two-dimensional Sb(2D-Sb)materials present excellent properties due to shorted ion immigration paths and enhanced ion diffusion.Nevertheless,the synthetic methods are usually tedious,and even the mechanism of these strategies remains elusive,especially how to obtain large-scale 2D-Sb materials.Herein,a novel strategy to synthesize 2D-Sb material using a straightforward solvothermal method without the requirement of a complex nanostructure design is provided.This method leverages the selective adsorption of aldehyde groups in furfural to induce crystal growth,while concurrently reducing and coating a nitrogen-doped carbon layer.Compared to the reported methods,it is simpler,more efficient,and conducive to the production of composite nanosheets with uniform thickness(3–4 nm).The 2D-Sb@NC nanosheet anode delivers an extremely high capacity of 504.5 mA h g^(-1) at current densities of 100 mA g^(-1) and remains stable for more than 200 cycles.Through characterizations and molecular dynamic simulations,how potassium storage kinetics between 2D Sb-based materials and bulk Sb-based materials are explored,and detailed explanations are provided.These findings offer novel insights into the development of durable 2D alloy-based anodes for next-generation potassium-ion batteries.展开更多
The anomalous valley Hall effect(AVHE)can be used to explore and utilize valley degrees of freedom in materials,which has potential applications in fields such as information storage,quantum computing and optoelectron...The anomalous valley Hall effect(AVHE)can be used to explore and utilize valley degrees of freedom in materials,which has potential applications in fields such as information storage,quantum computing and optoelectronics.AVHE exists in two-dimensional(2D)materials possessing valley polarization(VP),and such 2D materials usually belong to the hexagonal honeycomb lattice.Therefore,it is necessary to achieve valleytronic materials with VP that are more readily to be synthesized and applicated experimentally.In this topical review,we introduce recent developments on realizing VP as well as AVHE through different methods,i.e.,doping transition metal atoms,building ferrovalley heterostructures and searching for ferrovalley materials.Moreover,2D ferrovalley systems under external modulation are also discussed.2D valleytronic materials with AVHE demonstrate excellent performance and potential applications,which offer the possibility of realizing novel low-energy-consuming devices,facilitating further development of device technology,realizing miniaturization and enhancing functionality of them.展开更多
Valleytronics, using valley degree of freedom to encode, process, and store information, may find practical applications in low-power-consumption devices. Recent theoretical and experimental studies have demonstrated ...Valleytronics, using valley degree of freedom to encode, process, and store information, may find practical applications in low-power-consumption devices. Recent theoretical and experimental studies have demonstrated that twodimensional(2D) honeycomb lattice systems with inversion symmetry breaking, such as transition-metal dichalcogenides(TMDs), are ideal candidates for realizing valley polarization. In addition to the optical field, lifting the valley degeneracy of TMDs by introducing magnetism is an efficient way to manipulate the valley degree of freedom. In this paper, we first review the recent progress on valley polarization in various TMD-based systems, including magnetically doped TMDs,intrinsic TMDs with both inversion and time-reversal symmetry broken, and magnetic TMD heterostructures. When topologically nontrivial bands are empowered into valley-polarized systems, valley-polarized topological states, namely valleypolarized quantum anomalous Hall effect can be realized. Therefore, we have also reviewed the theoretical proposals for realizing valley-polarized topological states in 2D honeycomb lattices. Our paper can help readers quickly grasp the latest research developments in this field.展开更多
The driven-dissipative Langevin dynamics simulation is used to produce a two-dimensional(2D) dense cloud, which is composed of charged dust particles trapped in a quadratic potential. A 2D mesh grid is built to analyz...The driven-dissipative Langevin dynamics simulation is used to produce a two-dimensional(2D) dense cloud, which is composed of charged dust particles trapped in a quadratic potential. A 2D mesh grid is built to analyze the center-to-wall dust density. It is found that the local dust density in the outer region relative to that of the inner region is more nonuniform,being consistent with the feature of quadratic potential. The dependences of the global dust density on equilibrium temperature, particle size, confinement strength, and confinement shape are investigated. It is found that the particle size, the confinement strength, and the confinement shape strongly affect the global dust density, while the equilibrium temperature plays a minor effect on it. In the direction where there is a stronger confinement, the dust density gradient is bigger.展开更多
基金supported by the Department of Edu-cation(JA05238)the Key Project on Ecology of Fujian Province,China(0608537)
文摘Protein extraction is a critical step for two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE). Different plant samples require different and adaptive protein extraction protocols. The leaves of medicinal plant, Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Bremek are notoriously recalcitrant to common protein extraction methods due to high levels of interfering compounds (especially the secondary metabolites and pigments). This study was aimed to establish a routine procedure for the proteomic analysis ofB. cusia leaves, and a new protocol for the protein extraction was developed by optimizing trichloroacetic acid (TCA)/ acetone extraction method. The efficiency of this protocol was demonstrated by comparison with 3 published protein extraction methods (chloroform/acetone, Mg/NP-40, Tris-base/acetone). The results showed that the optimized TCA/ acetone precipitation extraction method gave a relatively high protein yield (9.263 mg g^-1 fresh weight), high-resolution separation, clear protein profiles, the highest proteins spots (1 31 t protein spots), and displayed less contamination in 2- DE gels. Therefore, the results suggested that the optimized TCA/acetone method was the most effective among the 4 methods for B. cusia leaves.
基金Supported by Funding (Topic CXZ003) from the New Ideas Team and the Doctoral Research Foundation of Northeast Agricultural University (2008 2010)The Scientific Research Fund of the Heilongjiang Provincial Education Department (11551067)
文摘The overwintering survival ratio of the cultivar Dongnongdongmai 1 with strong cold-resistance in paramos of Heilongjiang Province in China are over 85%. The tillering nodes are the most important organs for overwintering survival of winter wheat, because there are more substances associated with cold resistance in tillering nodes than those in leaves and roots. Proteins in the tillering nodes of the cold-resistant cultivar Dongnongdongmai 1 grown under field conditions with or without any lowtemperature stress were analyzed by 2-dimensional electrophoresis and identified by mass spectrometry. In the range of pH 4-7, the expression of 37 proteins showed obvious difference (±more than two fold) in the proteomic maps of cold-stressed and non-stressed tillering nodes, including a new protein spot. All proteins exhibiting the difference in expression were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, followed by a database search for protein identification and function prediction. Five groups of proteins were confirmed, namely stress-related proteins (22%), metabolism-associated proteins (35%), and signaling molecules (24%), cell wall-binding proteins (5%), unclear proteins (14%). This indicated that tillering node cells supported the energy requirements of plant growth and stress resistance by signal transduction adapting to metabolism and structure.
基金This work was supported byTechnological Developing Committee of Wenzhou(No.Y2004A044).
文摘Objective: To establish and optimize the two-demensional electrophoresis maps of uterine leiomyoma and to study the difference of global protein patterns between uterine leiomyoma and normal myometrium. Methods: Using Two-dimensional electrophoresis followed by computer-assisted image analysis, the differential proteins between uterine leiomyoma and normal myometrium were compared. Results: The well-resolved and reproducible two-dimensional gel electrophoresis patterns of uterine leiomyoma and normal myometrium were established. Totally 1085±108 and 1103±151 protein spots were obtained by using the pH 4-7 IPG strips in uterine leiomyoma and normal myometrium map, respectively, of which 7 spots increased and 15 spots decreased in quantity in uterine leiomyoma compared with normal myometrium. Conclusion: The differentially expressed proteins are useful for studying the mechanism of the cause of uterine leiomyoma.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2017A030313174)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Ocean University (C17379)+1 种基金Undergraduate Innovative and Entrepreneurial Team Project (CCTD201802)Fishing Port Construction and Fishery Industry Development Special Fund of Guangdong Province (A201708A05)
文摘Taking Sillago sihama Forssk?l as the research object,through the optimization of the extraction method,hydration and isoelectric focusing,a two-dimensional electrophoresis system was established for spleen proteome of S. sihama Forssk?l. The results showed that the twpstep hydration and isoelectric focusing method is better than the hydration and isoelectric focusing integrated method. The protein spots of the spleen of S. sihama Forssk?l were detected by two-dimensional electrophoresis mainly at pH 4. 0-7. 0. The establishment of this technical system will lay a foundation for further research on proteomics of S. sihama Forssk?l in the future.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.30370499
文摘BACKGROUND: Previous studies have confirmed the existence of specific proteins in body fluid of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. However, the existing research has contained several interference factors with poor reproducibility and has not focused on patients grouped according to disease duration. OBJECTIVE: To verify differential expression of proteins in cerebrospinal fluid of PD patients grouped in order of disease severity through the use of two-dimensional electrophoresis-mass spectrometry methods. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The proteomic-based, case-control study was performed between September 2008 and June 2009 at the Key Laboratory of Neurology in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 52 outpatients and/or inpatients, who were admitted to the Department of Neurology in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between 2008 and 2009, were randomized into the present study. Among them, 27 PD patients served as the PD group and were assigned to three subgroups according to modified Webster, Hoehn, and Yahr rating scales: 14 = mild, 8 = moderate, and 5 = severe; non-PD group of 16 patients included 5 cases of viral meningitis, 3 cases of acute myelitis, 1 case of Guillain-Barre syndrome, 2 cases of tuberculous meningitis, 2 cases of restless legs syndrome, and 3 cases of essential tremor; control group (n = 9) consisted of muscular tension headache in 6 cases, as well as syncope, trigeminal neuralgia, idiopathic orthostatic hypotension in 1 case. METHODS: Cerebrospinal fluid was collected from the involved patients using the lumbar puncture method. Proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Characteristics of protein electrophoresis patterns were analyzed, differentially expressed proteins were detected using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry, and protein data were analyzed in the Mascot database. RESULTS: Five protein electropherograms were analyzed by PDQuest 8.0, and (789 ± 32) protein spots were observed. There were significant differences in four protein spots in each of the PD sub-groups compared with the non-disease and control groups. Expression was down-regulated in three protein spots and up-regulated in one protein spot; 100% repetition rate was observed in four protein spots. According to the Mascot database, protein spots with down-regulated expression were as follows: DNA-guided RNA polymerase III subunit RPC5 (score: 50 points); double serine, threonine, and tyrosine protein kinase (score: 64 points, P 〈 0.05); activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (score: 58 points, P 〈 0.05). However, G2 mitotic-specific cyclin was up-regulated (score: 84 points, P 〈 0.05). CONCLUSION: Differential protein expression in the cerebrospinal fluid of PD patients was detected by two-dimensional electrophoresis-mass spectrometry, revealing changes in DNA-guided RNA polymerase III subunit RPC5, double serine, threonine, and tyrosine protein kinase, activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein, and G2 mitotic cell cyclin, with good reproducibility.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.30700195)grant from Science and Technology Project of Wenzhou (No.Y2005A038)
文摘Objective: To establish and optimize the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) maps of squamous carcinoma of the cervix and to study the protein difference between squamous carcinoma of the cervix (SCC) and normal cervical tissue. Methods: Using Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by computer-assisted image analysis, the differential proteins between squamous carcinoma of the cervical tissue and normal cervical tissue were compared. Then using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry, the differential proteins were identified. Results: The well-resolved and reproducible two-dimensional gel electrophoresis patterns of squamous carcinoma of the cervix tissue and normal cervical tissue were obtained. After silver staining, the average matching ratio of squamous carcinoma of the cervix was 86.1%. There was a good reproducibility of spot position in 2-DE map, with average deviation in IEF direction of 0.95±0.13 mm, while in SDS-PAGE direction it was 1.20±0.18 mm. Ten protein spots were identified by mass spectrometry, some of which were involved in cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, intracellular enzymes, structural proteins, cycle regulation, and tumor occurrence. Conclusion: The differentially expressed proteins provide a fundamental basis for further study of human squamous carcinoma of the cervix and screening of its specific markers.
文摘For searching out male sterility-related proteins (polypeptides) in rice(Oryza sativa L. ), we examined the difference of panicle protein (polypeptides) between hybrid rice( Wujin2A/R168, Wujin5A/R988) and their parents (male-sterile line Wujin2A, Wujin5A, and restorerline R168, R988) at the formation stage of pollen mother cell by two-dimensional electrophoresis(2-DE). The results revealed that the 2-DE polypeptide maps were similar among these experimentalmaterials. A small group of polypeptides were disappeared in 2-DE polypeptide maps of male-sterileline (Wu-jin2A, WujinSA) by comparing to restorer line (R168, R988) and the first filial (F, )generation (Wujin2A/R168, Wujin5A/R988). The isoelectric points of these polypeptides were pl5.8-6.5, molecular weight 42. 7 X 10~3-66. 2 X 10~3.
基金Supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2008BAI59B04, 2003AA2Z3502)National Natural Science Foundation of China (30671943)
文摘Objective To explore an effective method of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus protein extraction suitable for two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) analysis. Methods The extracts of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus were prepared with Coca's solution, lysis buffer of 2-DE, and Trizol reagent, respectively. Bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay was used to determine the total protein concentration of the samples. The efficiency of different protein extraction methods were evaluated with 2-DE analysis. Results The concentrations of extracted protein by methods of Coca's solution, lysis buffer, and Trizol reagent were 0.63 g/L,0.90 g/L,and 0.80 g/L, respectively. The 2-DE analysis results showed that some protein spots in low molecular weight (LMW) range could be detected with the Coca's solution method. With the lysis buffer of 2-DE method, more protein spots in LMW range could be detected, while the medium molecular weight (MMW) protein spots were absent. Several MMW protein spots (174-178 kD and 133 kD) and more LMW protein spots were detected with Trizol reagent method. Conclusions Among Coca's solution, lysis buffer of 2-DE, and Trizol reagent, the concentration of extracted protein of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus by lysis buffer of 2-DE is the highest. However, most protein components of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus purified mite bodies can be extracted by Trizol reagent, which may generally reflect the whole profile of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus allergens.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation, Y100-573006Doctoral Foundation of Xi'an Jiaotong University, DFXJTU2002-11
文摘AIM: To conduct the proteomic analysis of human colorectal carcinoma cell line, SW480 by using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption /ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDITOFMS).METHODS: The total proteins of human colorectal carcinoma cell line, SW480 were separated with 2-DE by using immobilized pH gradient strips and visualized by staining with silver nitrate. The gel images were acquired by scanner and 2-DE analysis software, Image Master 2D Elite. Nineteen distinct protein spots were excised from gel randomly and digested in gel by TPCK-trypsin. Mass analysis ofthe tryptic digest peptides mixture was performed by using MALDI-TOF MS. Peptide mass fingerprints (PMFs) obtained by the MALDI-TOF analysis were used to search NCBI,SWISS-PROT and MSDB databases by using Mascot software.RESULTS: PMF maps of all spots were obtained by MALDI-TOF MS and thirteen proteins were preliminarily identified.CONCLUSION: The methods of analysis and identification of protein spots of tumor cells in 2-DE gel with silver staining by MALDI-TOF MS derived PMF have been established.Protein expression profile of SW480 has been obtained.It is demonstrated that a combination of proteomics and cell culture is a useful approach to comprehend the process of colon carcinogenesis.
基金This research was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (40206022).
文摘Two-dimensional electrophoresis(2-DE) of protein extracted and purified from Alexandrium sp. LC3 was conducted. In the SDS-PAGE study, the relative molecular weights of the proteins were mainly in the range of 14 kDa?31 kDa and 43 kDa?66 kDa, and more proteins were detected between 14 kDa and 31 kDa. With the improved protein preparation, the two-dimensional electrophoresis patterns indicated that the relative molecular weights of the proteins were between 14 kDa and 100 kDa, and most of them ranged from 14 kDa to 31 kDa. This was consistent with the result of the SDS-PAGE analysis. The isoelectric points were found to lie between 3.0 and 8.0, and most of them were in the range of 3.0?6.0. Better separation effect was acquired with pre-prepared immobilized gradient (IPG) strip (pH 3?5.6), and about 320 protein spots could be visualized on the 2-DE map by staining. Within pH 3?10 and pH 3?5.6 strips, the protein samples of Alexandrium sp. LC3 could be separated well.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30200089 and No. 30500211)
文摘Objective: To analyze and identify differentially expressed phosphoproteins associated with mitochondrial KATP channel opening. Methods: Adult rat ventricular myocytes were isolated, cultured, and identified, and pretreated without or with 100μmol/L diazoxide for 10 min. Phosphoproteins prepared and enriched from the control and diazoxide-pretreated cells were separated by two-dimensional gel elec-trophoresis (2-DE) followed by sliver staining. The obtained interesting phosphoproteins were further i-dentified by mass spectrometry. Results: Associated with diazoxide preconditioning, the proteins of chap-eronin containing TCP-1 and hypothetical protein XP- 346548 were phosphorylated significantly (P< 0. 01), while the 94-kDa glucose-regulated protein, calpactin I heavy chain and ferritin were dephosphory-lated markedly (P<0. 01). Conclusion: These findings suggest that cardiomyocytes undergo significant posttranslational modification via phosphorylation in a multitude of proteins in order to respond diazoxide preconditioning, and these phosphorylated protein may mediate the downstream signaling of cardioprotec-tion by mitochondrial KATP channel opening induced by ischemic preconditioning.
文摘Total proteins in the pollen of Humulus scandens Lour,one of the most popular aeroallergens in China,were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis in the current study.The proteins were extracted by Trichloracetic acid(TCA)method,and then separated by isoelectric focusing as the first dimension and SDS-PAGE as the second dimension.The spots of proteins were visualized by staining with Coomassie Brilliant Blue.After analysis with software(ImageMaster 2D),122 different proteins were detected;isoelectric point(pI),Molecular weight(MW)and relative volume of each protein in the pollen were also discovered.This is the first high-resolution,two-dimensional protein map of the pollen of Humulus scandens Lour in China.Our finding has built a solid foundation for identification,characteriza-tion,gene cloning and standardization of allergenic proteins in the pollen of Humulus scandens Lour for further studies.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12074301 and 12004295)China’s Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project (Grant No.2022M722547)+1 种基金the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics (Grant No.KF2022 09)the Natural Science Foundation of Guizhou Provincial Education Department (Grant No.ZK[2021]034)。
文摘The electron's charge and spin degrees of freedom are at the core of modern electronic devices. With the in-depth investigation of two-dimensional materials, another degree of freedom, valley, has also attracted tremendous research interest. The intrinsic spontaneous valley polarization in two-dimensional magnetic systems, ferrovalley material, provides convenience for detecting and modulating the valley. In this review, we first introduce the development of valleytronics.Then, the valley polarization forms by the p-, d-, and f-orbit that are discussed. Following, we discuss the investigation progress of modulating the valley polarization of two-dimensional ferrovalley materials by multiple physical fields, such as electric, stacking mode, strain, and interface. Finally, we look forward to the future developments of valleytronics.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52322210,52172144,22375069,21825103,and U21A2069)National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFA1200501)+1 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(JCYJ20220818102215033,JCYJ20200109105422876)the Innovation Project of Optics Valley Laboratory(OVL2023PY007).
文摘Two-dimensional(2D)materials have attracted tremendous interest in view of the outstanding optoelectronic properties,showing new possibilities for future photovoltaic devices toward high performance,high specific power and flexibility.In recent years,substantial works have focused on 2D photovoltaic devices,and great progress has been achieved.Here,we present the review of recent advances in 2D photovoltaic devices,focusing on 2D-material-based Schottky junctions,homojunctions,2D−2D heterojunctions,2D−3D heterojunctions,and bulk photovoltaic effect devices.Furthermore,advanced strategies for improving the photovoltaic performances are demonstrated in detail.Finally,conclusions and outlooks are delivered,providing a guideline for the further development of 2D photovoltaic devices.
基金financially supported by the Science and Technology Development Program of Jilin Province(YDZJ202101ZYTS185)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21975250)。
文摘Antimony-based anodes have attracted wide attention in potassium-ion batteries due to their high theoretical specific capacities(∼660 mA h g^(-1))and suitable voltage platforms.However,severe capacity fading caused by huge volume change and limited ion transportation hinders their practical applications.Recently,strategies for controlling the morphologies of Sb-based materials to improve the electrochemical performances have been proposed.Among these,the two-dimensional Sb(2D-Sb)materials present excellent properties due to shorted ion immigration paths and enhanced ion diffusion.Nevertheless,the synthetic methods are usually tedious,and even the mechanism of these strategies remains elusive,especially how to obtain large-scale 2D-Sb materials.Herein,a novel strategy to synthesize 2D-Sb material using a straightforward solvothermal method without the requirement of a complex nanostructure design is provided.This method leverages the selective adsorption of aldehyde groups in furfural to induce crystal growth,while concurrently reducing and coating a nitrogen-doped carbon layer.Compared to the reported methods,it is simpler,more efficient,and conducive to the production of composite nanosheets with uniform thickness(3–4 nm).The 2D-Sb@NC nanosheet anode delivers an extremely high capacity of 504.5 mA h g^(-1) at current densities of 100 mA g^(-1) and remains stable for more than 200 cycles.Through characterizations and molecular dynamic simulations,how potassium storage kinetics between 2D Sb-based materials and bulk Sb-based materials are explored,and detailed explanations are provided.These findings offer novel insights into the development of durable 2D alloy-based anodes for next-generation potassium-ion batteries.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12274264 and 11674197)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China (Grant Nos.ZR2022MA039 and ZR2021MA105)the Qing-Chuang Science and Technology Plan of Shandong Province of China (Grant No.2019KJJ014)。
文摘The anomalous valley Hall effect(AVHE)can be used to explore and utilize valley degrees of freedom in materials,which has potential applications in fields such as information storage,quantum computing and optoelectronics.AVHE exists in two-dimensional(2D)materials possessing valley polarization(VP),and such 2D materials usually belong to the hexagonal honeycomb lattice.Therefore,it is necessary to achieve valleytronic materials with VP that are more readily to be synthesized and applicated experimentally.In this topical review,we introduce recent developments on realizing VP as well as AVHE through different methods,i.e.,doping transition metal atoms,building ferrovalley heterostructures and searching for ferrovalley materials.Moreover,2D ferrovalley systems under external modulation are also discussed.2D valleytronic materials with AVHE demonstrate excellent performance and potential applications,which offer the possibility of realizing novel low-energy-consuming devices,facilitating further development of device technology,realizing miniaturization and enhancing functionality of them.
文摘Valleytronics, using valley degree of freedom to encode, process, and store information, may find practical applications in low-power-consumption devices. Recent theoretical and experimental studies have demonstrated that twodimensional(2D) honeycomb lattice systems with inversion symmetry breaking, such as transition-metal dichalcogenides(TMDs), are ideal candidates for realizing valley polarization. In addition to the optical field, lifting the valley degeneracy of TMDs by introducing magnetism is an efficient way to manipulate the valley degree of freedom. In this paper, we first review the recent progress on valley polarization in various TMD-based systems, including magnetically doped TMDs,intrinsic TMDs with both inversion and time-reversal symmetry broken, and magnetic TMD heterostructures. When topologically nontrivial bands are empowered into valley-polarized systems, valley-polarized topological states, namely valleypolarized quantum anomalous Hall effect can be realized. Therefore, we have also reviewed the theoretical proposals for realizing valley-polarized topological states in 2D honeycomb lattices. Our paper can help readers quickly grasp the latest research developments in this field.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12275354 and 11805272)the Civil Aviation University of China (Grant No. 3122023PT08)。
文摘The driven-dissipative Langevin dynamics simulation is used to produce a two-dimensional(2D) dense cloud, which is composed of charged dust particles trapped in a quadratic potential. A 2D mesh grid is built to analyze the center-to-wall dust density. It is found that the local dust density in the outer region relative to that of the inner region is more nonuniform,being consistent with the feature of quadratic potential. The dependences of the global dust density on equilibrium temperature, particle size, confinement strength, and confinement shape are investigated. It is found that the particle size, the confinement strength, and the confinement shape strongly affect the global dust density, while the equilibrium temperature plays a minor effect on it. In the direction where there is a stronger confinement, the dust density gradient is bigger.