Fuzzy-Model-Based Finite Frequency Fault Detection Filtering Design for Two-Dimensional Nonlinear Systems

This article studies the fault detection filtering design problem for Roesser type two-dimensional(2-D)nonlinear systems described by uncertain 2-D Takagi-Sugeno(T-S)fuzzy models.Firstly,fuzzy Lyapunov functions are constructed and the 2-D Fourier transform is exploited,based on which a finite frequency fault detection filtering design method is proposed such that a residual signal is generated with robustness to external disturbances and sensitivity to faults.It has been shown that the utilization of available frequency spectrum information of faults and disturbances makes the proposed filtering design method more general and less conservative compared with a conventional nonfrequency based filtering design approach.Then,with the proposed evaluation function and its threshold,a novel mixed finite frequency H_(∞)/H_(-)fault detection algorithm is developed,based on which the fault can be immediately detected once the evaluation function exceeds the threshold.Finally,it is verified with simulation studies that the proposed method is effective and less conservative than conventional non-frequency and/or common Lyapunov function based filtering design methods.

Bifurcation and chaos analysis for aeroelastic airfoil with freeplay structural nonlinearity in pitch

The dynamics character of a two degree-of-freedom aeroelastic airfoil with combined freeplay and cubic stiffness nonlinearities in pitch submitted to supersonic and hypersonic flow has been gaining significant attention. The Poincare mapping method and Floquet theory are adopted to analyse the limit cycle oscillation flutter and chaotic motion of this system. The result shows that the limit cycle oscillation flutter can be accurately predicted by the Floquet multiplier. The phase trajectories of both the pitch and plunge motion are obtained and the results show that the plunge motion is much more complex than the pitch motion. It is also proved that initial conditions have important influences on the dynamics character of the airfoil system. In a certain range of airspeed and with the same system parameters, the stable limit cycle oscillation, chaotic and multi-periodic motions can be detected under different initial conditions. The figure of the Poincare section also approves the previous conclusion.

Performance enhancement of wing-based piezoaeroelastic energy harvesting through freeplay nonlinearity

We investigate experimentally how controlled freeplay nonlinearity affects harvesting energy from a wing-based piezoaeroelastic energy harvesting system. This system consisits of a rigid airfoil which is supported by a nonlinear torsional spring （freeplay） in the pitch degree of freedom and a linear fiexural spring in the plunge degree of freedom. By attaching a piezoelectric material （PSI-5A4E） to the plunge degree of freedom, we can convert aeroelastic vibrations to electrical energy. The focus of this study is placed on the effects of the freeplay nonlinearity gap on the behavior of the harvester in terms of cut-in speed and level of harvested power. Although the freeplay nonlinearity may result in subcritical Hopf bifurcations （catastrophic for real aircrafts）, harvesting energy at low wind speeds is beneficial for designing piezoaeroelastic systems. It is demonstrated that increasing the freeplay nonlinearity gap can decrease the cut-in speed through a subcritical instability and gives the possibility to harvest energy at low wind speeds. The results also demonstrate that an optimum value of the load resistance exists, at which the level of the harvested power is maximized.

Multi-Symplectic Splitting Method for Two-Dimensional Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation

Using the idea of splitting numerical methods and the multi-symplectic methods, we propose a multisymplectic splitting （MSS） method to solve the two-dimensional nonlinear Schrodinger equation （2D-NLSE） in this paper. It is further shown that the method constructed in this way preserve the global symplectieity exactly. Numerical experiments for the plane wave solution and singular solution of the 2D-NLSE show the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method.

Finite Element Analysis to Two-Dimensional Nonlinear Sloshing Problems

A two-dimensional nonlinear sloshing problem is analyzed by means of the fully nonlinear theory and time domain second order theory of water waves. Liquid sloshing in a rectangular container Subjected to a horizontal excitation is simulated by the finite element method. Comparisons between the two theories are made based on their numerical results. It is found that good agreement is obtained for the case of small amplitude oscillation and obvious differences occur for large amplitude excitation. Even though, the second order solution can still exhibit typical nonlinear features of nonlinear wave and can be used instead of the fully nonlinear theory.

A Numerical Algorithm Based on Quadratic Finite Element for Two-Dimensional Nonlinear Time Fractional Thermal Diffusion Model

In this article,a high-order scheme,which is formulated by combining the quadratic finite element method in space with a second-order time discrete scheme,is developed for looking for the numerical solution of a two-dimensional nonlinear time fractional thermal diffusion model.The time Caputo fractional derivative is approximated by using the L2-1formula,the first-order derivative and nonlinear term are discretized by some second-order approximation formulas,and the quadratic finite element is used to approximate the spatial direction.The error accuracy O(h3+
t2)is obtained,which is verified by the numerical results.

Large-scale two-dimensional nonlinear FE analysis on PGA amplification effect with depth and focusing effect of Fuzhou Basin

Based on the explicit finite element(FE) method and platform of ABAQUS,considering both the inhomogeneity of soils and concave-convex fluctuation of topography,a large-scale refined two-dimensional(2D) FE nonlinear analytical model for Fuzhou Basin was established.The peak ground motion acceleration(PGA) and focusing effect with depth were analyzed.Meanwhile,the results by wave propagation of one-dimensional(1D) layered medium equivalent linearization method were added for contrast.The results show that:1) PGA at different depths are obviously amplified compared to the input ground motion,amplification effect of both funnel-shaped depression and upheaval areas(based on the shape of bedrock surface) present especially remarkable.The 2D results indicate that the PGA displays a non-monotonic decreasing with depth and a greater focusing effect of some particular layers,while the 1D results turn out that the PGA decreases with depth,except that PGA at few particular depth increases abruptly; 2) To the funnel-shaped depression areas,PGA amplification effect above 8 m depth shows relatively larger,to the upheaval areas,PGA amplification effect from 15 m to 25 m depth seems more significant.However,the regularities of the PGA amplification effect could hardly be found in the rest areas; 3) It appears a higher regression rate of PGA amplification coefficient with depth when under a smaller input motion; 4) The frequency spectral characteristic of input motion has noticeable effects on PGA amplification tendency.

High-Order Local Discontinuous Galerkin Algorithm with Time Second-Order Schemes for the Two-Dimensional Nonlinear Fractional Diffusion Equation

In this article,some high-order local discontinuous Galerkin(LDG)schemes based on some second-order θ approximation formulas in time are presented to solve a two-dimen-sional nonlinear fractional diffusion equation.The unconditional stability of the LDG scheme is proved,and an a priori error estimate with O(h^(k+1)+At^(2))is derived,where k≥0 denotes the index of the basis function.Extensive numerical results with Q^(k)(k=0,1,2,3)elements are provided to confirm our theoretical results,which also show that the second-order convergence rate in time is not impacted by the changed parameter θ.

The interaction of nonlinear waves in two-dimensional lattice

This paper investigates the collision between two nonlinear waves with arbitrary angle in two-dimensional nonlinear lattice. By using the extended Poincarge-Lighthill-Kuo perturbation method, it obtains two Korteweg-de Vries equations for nonlinear waves in both the ζ and η directions, respectively, and derives the analytical phase shifts after the collision of two nonlinear waves. Finally, the solution of u（υ） up to O（ε^3） order is given.

Numerical solutions of two-dimensional nonlinear integral equations via Laguerre Wavelet method with convergence analysis

In this paper,the approximate solutions for two different type of two-dimensional nonlinear integral equations:two-dimensional nonlinear Volterra-Fredholm integral equations and the nonlinear mixed Volterra-Fredholm integral equations are obtained using the Laguerre wavelet method.To do this,these two-dimensional nonlinear integral equations are transformed into a system of nonlinear algebraic equations in matrix form.By solving these systems,unknown coefficients are obtained.Also,some theorems are proved for convergence analysis.Some numerical examples are presented and results are compared with the analytical solution to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the proposed method.

General decay of energy to a nonlinear viscoelastic two-dimensional beam

A viscoelastic beam in a two-dimensional space is considered with nonlinear tension. A boundary feedback is applied at the right boundary of the beam to suppress the undesirable vibration. The well-posedness of the problem is established. With the multiplier method, a uniform decay result is proven.

The interaction of nonlinear waves in two-dimensional dust crystals

This paper investigates the collision between two nonlinear waves with different propagation directions in two- dimensional dust crystals. Using the extended Poincare-Lighthill-Kuo perturbation method, two Korteweg-de Vries equations for nonlinear waves in both the ξ and η directions are obtained, respectively, and the analytical phase shifts and trajectories after the collision of two nonlinear waves are derived. Finally, the effects of parameters of the lattice constant a, the arbitrary constant u0η, the forces f（r）, and the colliding angle θ on the phase shifts of both colliding nonlinear waves are examined.

Stability analysis of nonlinear Roesser-type two-dimensional systems via a homogenous polynomial technique

This paper is concerned with the problem of stability analysis of nonlinear Roesser-type two-dimensional （2D） systems. Firstly, the fuzzy modeling method for the usual one-dimensional （1D） systems is extended to the 2D ease so that the underlying nonlinear 2D system can be represented by the 2D Takagi Sugeno （TS） fuzzy model, which is convenient for implementing the stability analysis. Secondly, a new kind of fuzzy Lyapunov function, which is a homogeneous polynomially parameter dependent on fuzzy membership functions, is developed to conceive less conser- vative stability conditions for the TS Roesser-type 2D system. In the process of stability analysis, the obtained stability conditions approach exactness in the sense of convergence by applying some novel relaxed techniques. Moreover, the obtained result is formulated in the form of linear matrix inequalities, which can be easily solved via standard numerical software. Finally, a numerical example is also given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Numerical simulation for the two-dimensional nonlinear shallow water waves

This study deals with the general numerical model to simulate the two-dimensional tidal flow, flooding wave (long wave) and shallow water waves (short wave). The foundational model is based on nonlinear Boussinesq equations. Numerical method for modelling the short waves is investigated in detail. The forces, such as Coriolis forces, wind stress, atmosphere and bottom friction, are considered. A two-dimensional implicit difference scheme of Boussinesq equations is proposed. The low-reflection outflow open boundary is suggested. By means of this model,both velocity fields of circulation current in a channel with step expansion and the wave diffraction behind a semi-infinite breakwater are computed, and the results are satisfactory.

Two-dimensional materials for tunable and nonlinear metaoptics

Metaoptics formed by ultrathin and planar building blocks enable compact and efficient optical devices that manipulate light at the nanoscale.The development of tunable metaoptics holds the promise of miniaturized and efficient optical systems that can dynamically adapt to changing conditions or requirements,propelling innovations in fields ranging from telecommunication and imaging to quantum computing and sensing.Two-dimensional(2D)materials show strong promise in enabling tunable metaoptics due to their exceptional electronic and optical properties from the quantum confinement within the atomically thin layers.In this review,we discuss the recent advancements and challenges of 2D material-based tunable metaoptics in both linear and nonlinear regimes and provide an outlook for prospects in this rapidly advancing area.

CHAOTIC MOTIONS AND LIMIT CYCLE FLUTTER OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL WING IN SUPERSONIC FLOW

Based on the piston theory of supersonic flow and the energy method, the flutter motion equations of a two-dimensional wing with cubic stiffness in the pitching direction are established. The aeroelastic system contains both structural and aerodynamic nonlinearities. Hopf bifurcation theory is used to analyze the flutter speed of the system. The effects of system parameters on the flutter speed are studied. The 4th order Runge-Kutta method is used to calculate the stable limit cycle responses and chaotic motions of the aeroelastic system. Results show that the number and the stability of equilibrium points of the system vary with the increase of flow speed. Besides the simple limit cycle response of period 1, there are also period-doubling responses and chaotic motions in the flutter system. The route leading to chaos in the aeroelastic model used here is the period-doubling bifurcation. The chaotic motions in the system occur only when the flow speed is higher than the linear divergent speed and the initial condition is very small. Moreover, the flow speed regions in which the system behaves chaos axe very narrow.

A review on spatial self-phase modulation of two-dimensional materials

Self-diffraction appears when the strong laser goes through two-dimensional material suspension,and this spatial self-phase modulation(SPPM)phenomenon can be used to measure nonlinear optical parameters and achieve optical switch.At present,the mechanism of SPPM is still ambiguous.The debate mainly focuses on whether the phenomenon is caused by the nonlinear refractive index of the two-dimensional material or the thermal effect of the laser.The lack of theory limits the dimension of the phase modulation to the radius of the diffraction ring and the vertical imbalance.Therefore,it is urgent to establish a unified and universal SSPM theoretical system of two-dimensional material.

Numerical method for dynamics of multi-body systems with two-dimensional Coulomb dry friction and nonholonomic constraints

Based on the dynamical theory of multi-body systems with nonholonomic constraints and an algorithm for complementarity problems, a numerical method for the multi-body systems with two-dimensional Coulomb dry friction and nonholonomic constraints is presented. In particular, a wheeled multi-body system is considered. Here, the state transition of stick-slip between wheel and ground is transformed into a nonlinear complementarity problem （NCP）. An iterative algorithm for solving the NCP is then presented using an event-driven method. Dynamical equations of the multi-body system with holonomic and nonholonomic constraints are given using Routh equations and a con- straint stabilization method. Finally, an example is used to test the proposed numerical method. The results show some dynamical behaviors of the wheeled multi-body system and its constraint stabilization effects.

Dynamic analysis of two-degree-of-freedom airfoil with freeplay and cubic nonlinearities in supersonic flow

The nonlinear aeroelastic response of a two-degree-of-freedom airfoil with freeplay and cubic nonlinearities in supersonic flows is investigated. The second-order piston theory is used to analyze a double-wedge airfoil. Then, the fold bifurcation and the amplitude jump phenomenon are detected by the averaging method and the multi-variable Floquet theory. The analyticall results are further verified by numerical simulations. Finally, the influence of the freeplay parameters on the aeroelastic response is analyzed in detail.

Nonlinear Flutter Studies on Control Surface Freeplay

The frequent occurrence of control surface vibration has become one of the key problems affecting aircraft safety. The source of the freeplay of the control surface is studied,and a measurement device is developed. A nonlinear flutter analysis method under trimmed flight condition is proposed based on the discrete state-space method.Consequently,the effects of center-type freeplay and the freeplay with preload on flutter characteristics are analyzed,and the effects of preload on nonlinear flutter are verified by wind tunnel tests of a single wing model.