Beyond graphene oxides: Emerging 2D molecular sieve membranes for efficient separation☆

Recent decades witnessed the significant progress made in the research field of 2D molecular sieve membranes.In comparison with their 3D counterparts, 2D molecular sieve membranes possessed several unique advantages like significantly reduced membrane thickness(one atom thick in theory) and diversified molecular sieving mechanisms(in-plane pores within nanosheets & interlayer galleries between nanosheets). M. Tsapatsis first carried out pioneering work on fabrication of lamellar ZSM-5 membrane. Since then, diverse 2D materials typically including graphene oxides(GOs) have been fabricated into membranes showing promising prospects in energy-efficient gas separation, pervaporation, desalination and nanofiltration. In addition to GOs, other emerging 2D materials, including 2D zeolites, 2D metal–organic frameworks(MOFs), 2 D covalent-organic frameworks(COFs), layered double hydroxides(LDHs), transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs), MXenes(typically Ti3C2TX), graphitic carbon nitrides(typically g-C3N4), hexagonal boron nitride(h-BN) and montmorillonites(MT) are showing intriguing performance in membrane-based separation process. This article summarized the most recent developments in the field of 2D molecular sieve membranes aside from GOs with particular emphasis on their structure–performance relationship and application prospects in industrial separation.

Phase behavior of rotationally asymmetric Brownian kites containing 90°internal angles

Previous Monte Carlo simulations have shown that ordered tetratic phases can emerge in a dense two-dimensional Brownian system of rotationally asymmetric hard kites having 90°internal angles.However,there have been no experimental investigations yet to compare with these simulation results.Here,we have fabricated two types of micron-sized kites having internal angles of 72°-90°-108°-90°and 72°-99°-90°-99°,respectively,and we have experimentally studied their phase behavior in two-dimensional systems.Interestingly and in contrast to the Monte Carlo simulations,the experimental results show a phase sequence of isotropic fluid-hexagonal rotator crystal-square crystal as the area fractionφA increases for both types of kites.The observed square crystal displays not only a quasi-long-range translational order but also(quasi-)long-range 4-fold bond-and molecular-orientational order;these characteristics confirm that tetratic order can emerge even in dense Brownian systems of rotationally asymmetric particles.A model based on local polymorphic configurations(LPCs)is proposed to understand the origin of the square lattice order in these dense kite systems.The results in this study provide a new route to realize custom-designed self-assembly of colloids by controlling LPCs.

从“后窗建筑”视角谈建筑表皮创作

针对建筑的复杂性,分析了建筑创作与电影创作的关系,通过回顾《非常建筑》和《后窗》这两部经典作品,从一个新的角度解读了当今建筑表皮的创作,为建筑师提供有益指导。

A family of high-temperature ferromagnetic monolayers with locked spin-dichroism-mobility anisotropy: MnNX and CrCX(X=Cl,Br,I;C=S,Se,Te)

Two-dimensional magnets have received increasing attention since Cr_2Ge_2Te_6 and CrI_3 were experimentally exfoliated and measured in 2017. Although layered ferromagnetic metals were demonstrated at room temperature, a layered ferromagnetic semiconductor with high Curie temperature(Tc) is yet to be unveiled. Here, we theoretically predicted a family of high Tcferromagnetic monolayers, namely MnNX and CrCX(X = Cl, Br and I; C = S, Se and Te). Their Tcvalues were predicted from over 100 K to near 500 K with Monte Carlo simulations using an anisotropic Heisenberg model. Eight members among them show semiconducting bandgaps varying from roughly 0.23 to 1.85 eV. These semiconducting monolayers also show extremely large anisotropy, i.e. ～10~1 for effective masses and ～10~2 for carrier mobilities, along the two in-plane lattice directions of these layers. Additional orbital anisotropy leads to a spin-locked linear dichroism, in different from previously known circular and linear dichroisms in layered materials.Together with the mobility anisotropy, it offers a spin-, dichroism-and mobility-anisotropy locking.These results manifest the potential of this 2D family for both fundamental research and high performance spin-dependent electronic and optoelectronic devices.

Deep eutectic solvent assisted facile synthesis of low-dimensional hierarchical porous high-entropy oxides

High-entropy-oxides(HEOs),a new class of solids that contain five or more elemental species,have attracted increasing interests owing to their unique structures and fascinating physicochemical properties.However,it is a huge challenge to construct various nanostructured,especially low-dimensional nanostructured HEOs under the high temperature synthetic conditions.Herein,a facile strategy using glucose-urea deep eutectic solvent(DES)as both a solvent and the carbon source of structure-directed template is proposed for the synthesis of various HEOs with two-dimentional(2D)nanonets and one-dimentional(1D)nanowires,including rock-salt(Co,Cu,Mg,Ni,Zn)O,spinel(Co,Cr,Fe,Mn,Ni)_(3)O_(4),and perovskite La(Co,Cr,Fe,Mn,Ni)O_(3).The as-prepared HEOs possessed five or more uniformly dispersed metal elements,large specific surface areas(more than 25 m^(2)·g^(−1)),and a pure single-phase structure.In addition,high cooling rate(cooling in air or liq-N_(2)-quenching)was indispensable to obtain a single-phase rock-salt(Co,Cu,Mg,Ni,Zn)O because of phase separation caused by copper.By taking advantage of unique features of HEOs,rock-salt(Co,Cu,Mg,Ni,Zn)O can function as a promising candidate for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)anode material,which achieved excellent cycling stability.This work provides a feasible synthetic strategy for low-dimensional hierarchical HEOs,which creates new opportunities for the stable HEOs being highly active functional materials.

The Proteomic Research of the Cure of Experimental Diabetes Deafness by Granules of Eliminating Phlegm and Removing Blood Stasis

Objective: Observing the expression changes of serum proteome in model rats after intervention of the Granules of Eliminating Phlegm and Removing Blood Stasis (豁痰祛瘀颗粒 also known as GEPRB), screening out and identifying the differentially expressed proteins by mass spectrometry and bioinformatics analysis, discussing the molecular mechanism of control the Diabetes deafness by GEPRB. Methods: By use of proteomics technology, the serum protein serum proteome of the control group, model control group, Duxil and each observation group were observed for 2-DE gel pattern matching, and the difference in the relative content of 2 times was chosen for the differentially expressed proteins. Identification of differentially expressed proteins by MALDI-TOF MS/MS, the authors further analysis the phosphorylation, subcellular localization, interaction, direct regulation, and transmembrane of the differences proteins by the way of bioinformatics analysis. Sixty SPF level SD rats elected in diabetic rats model group (abbreviated as DM group) were be randomly divided into 5 groups based on random number sheet, namely model control group, positive drug control group (Du-ke-xi group) and Mai-tong-fang high, medium and low dose group respectively. In addition, set of normal control group. 10 rats in each group. Results: By Coomassie brilliant blue staining, identified 51 differential protein spots dug from 2-D gel by mass spectrometry, successfully identified 13 non-redundant proteins. Most of the identified proteins were secreted protein and belong to different protein families. There were about 12 proteins have the transmembrane region from the authors’ result, ten of them were plasma membrane proteins. Conclusion: It’s suggesting that 13 differential proteins is most likely the protein response to GEPRB in vivo, these proteins may play key role for the treatment of GEPRB to Diabetes deafness. The two highly differentially expressed proteins Apolipoprotein E (apoE) and C3 may be a potential drug target of GEPRB.