ON WEAK MINIMUM ABERRATION AND NUMBER OF CLEAR TWO-FACTOR INTERACTION COMPONENTS IN s_Ⅳ～(m-p) DESIGNS

This article obtains some theoretical results on the number of clear two-factor interaction components and weak minimum aberration in an sm-pIVdesign, by considering the number of not clear two-factor interaction components of the design.

Some results on 4~m2~n designs with clear two-factor interaction components

Clear effects criterion is one of the important rules for selecting optimal fractional factorial designs,and it has become an active research issue in recent years.Tang et al.derived upper and lower bounds on the maximum number of clear two-factor interactions(2fi's) in 2n-(n-k) fractional factorial designs of resolutions III and IV by constructing a 2n-(n-k) design for given k,which are only restricted for the symmetrical case.This paper proposes and studies the clear effects problem for the asymmetrical case.It improves the construction method of Tang et al.for 2n-(n-k) designs with resolution III and derives the upper and lower bounds on the maximum number of clear two-factor interaction components(2fic's) in 4m2n designs with resolutions III and IV.The lower bounds are achieved by constructing specific designs.Comparisons show that the number of clear 2fic's in the resulting design attains its maximum number in many cases,which reveals that the construction methods are satisfactory when they are used to construct 4m2n designs under the clear effects criterion.

Umami taste components in chicken-spices blends and potential effect of aroma on umami taste intensity

In this study,umami taste intensity(UTI)and umami taste components in chicken breast(CB)and chickenspices blends were characterized using sensory and instrumental analysis.Our main objective was to assess the aroma-umami taste interactions in different food matrices and reconcile the aroma-taste perception to assist future product development.The impact of key aroma,including vegetable-note"2-pentylfuran",meaty"methional",green"hexanal",and spicy-note-estragole and caryophyllene"on UTI was evaluated in monosodium glutamate and chicken extract.We found that spices significantly decreased UTI and umami taste components in CB.Interestingly,the perceptually similar odorants and tastants exhibited the potential to enhance UTI in food matrices.Methional was able to increase the UTI,whereas spicy and green-note components could reduce the UTI significantly.This information would be valuable to food engineers and formulators in aroma selection to control the UTI perceived by consumers,thus,improving the quality and acceptability of the chicken products.

Dissociation of polar oil components in low salinity water and its impact on crude oil-brine interfacial interactions and physical properties

Despite many efforts into the study of fluids interaction in low salinity water flooding, they are not probing the basics of transport phenomena between the involved phases. This work is aimed to bring new understanding of fluid-fluid interaction during low salinity water flooding through a series of organized experiments in which a crude oil sample with known properties was kept in contact with different brine solutions of various ionic strengths. Measuring brine pH, conductivity and crude oil viscosity and density for a period of 45 days illustrates the strong effect of the contact time and ionic strength on the dissociation of polar components and physical properties of the crude oil and brine. Besides, the interfacial tension(IFT) measurements show that the interfacial interactions are affected by several competitive interfacial processes. By decreasing the ionic strength of the brine, the solubility of naphthenic acids in the aqueous solution increases, and hence,the conductivity and the pH of the aqueous phase decrease. To verify this important finding, UV-Vis spectroscopy and 'H NMR analysis were also performed on aged brine samples. Notably, there is an ionic strength of brine in which the lowest IFT is observed, while the other physical properties are remained relatively unchanged.

INTERACTION OF COMPONENTS IN PETROLEUM CARBOXYLATE/ALKALINE/HYDROLYZED POLYACRYLAMIDE FLOODING SYSTEM

The IFTs(Interfacial tension)of petroleum carboxylate/alkaline/HPAM(Hydrolyzed polyacrylamide)flooding system with Daing crude oil and the effects of petroleum carboxylate and alkaline on viscoaity of HPAM solution were studied.There exists remarkable synergism between HPAM and petroleum carboxylate,and the introduction of HPAM into petroleum carboxylate/alka- line system leads the lowering of IFTs against Daqing crude oil,The introduction of petroleum carboxylate into solution of HPAM also leads the decreasing of viscosity,but the extent of viscosity decreasing is much lower than that caused by inorganic salts such as NaCl and CaCl_2.

INTERACTION OF COMPONENT (E) WITH TUMOR CELLULAR DNA

Some antitumor activities of component (E), extracted from the root of Fagopynum Cymosum (Trev) Meisn (FCTM), have recently been discovered in vivo and in vitro. The component E (CE)'s pattern of action with tumor cellular DNA at the molecular pharmacological level was investigated by macromolecular synthesis experiment (MSE) and human DNA interaction system established in our laboratory. The experiments demonstrated that, in vitro, the agent could markedly inhibit the incorporation of 3H-TdR into the cellular DNA, and the IC50 in P388 leukemia cell and in SGC-7901 cell was 17.86 μg/ml and 110.4 μg/ml, respectively. The agent, at mg/ml level, could produce an intercalation reversion pattern with DNA within a short time (2 hours). But when the interval was prolonged for over 4 hours, the action changed to intercalation irreversible pattern. According to these observations, the authors infer that CE interacts with DNA in two ways - directly and indirectly. The indirect action, especially in low concentrations, probably plays the major role. The authors have also compared the interaction of CE with those of components (CB3 and CD1), extracted from FCTM by the same methods, and found that CE is the most active agent against the DNA of cancer cells among the extracts from FCTM.

Effects of rotational components of earthquake on seismic response of arch concrete dams

The present study deals with dynamic analysis of arch concrete dams,taking rotational components of earthquakes into account.A modified methodology was used to evaluate the rotational components of the earthquake.The translational components of the earthquake have been used in to obtain the rotational components of the earthquake,based on the intersecting isotropic elastic wave propagation.Two rotational components of Taft,Tabas and San-Fernando earthquakes are evaluated based on the translational components of the earthquakes and considering frequency dependencies of incident angle and wave velocity.Finally,dynamic analyses of Morrow Point Dam are presented to evaluate the effects of combined translational and rotational components on the seismic response of the dam.Various conditions of reservoirs,including full and empty state,are considered in the analyses.Fluid–structure interaction was completely taken into account.It was realized that incorporating rotational components increased the maximum compressive and tensile stresses in both empty and full reservoir analyses.Distribution of maximum tensile stresses is very sensitive to the rotational components of the earthquake.Also,it can be concluded that the segregated effect of the rocking component on the response of concrete dams is more effective than the sole effect of the torsional component.

Coulomb stress and gravity changes associated with the 2016 Mw 7.8 Kaikoura Earthquake, New Zealand: Application for aftershock triggering and fault interaction process analysis

The Kaikoura earthquake on November 14,2016 is one of the largest and most complex earthquakes in New Zealand since 1947.Despite the fact that it has ruptured about 12 separate faults,triggered 2132 aftershocks within one week of the mainshock and induced considerable stress changes,few studies have been conducted to comprensively investigate the characteristics.The current study examines the horizontal and vertical displacements as well as the stress and gravity changes,aftershock distributions and also find out whether these changes affect the surrounding regions along the complex fault systems.The study covers the entire area affected by the Kaikoura event,which includes the northern part of the South Island and the southern part of the North Island.The dislocation theory was employed to evaluate the coseismic slip model on the multiple faults.The displacement results revealed that the maximum horizontal displacement is about 6 m and the vertical about 2 m,which are reasonably consistent with earlier study findings.Besides,the stress and gravity changes are quite complicated and inhomogeneous as evidenced by our coseismic model,demonstrating the complexity of the Kaikoura earthquake as well.Almost all the aftershocks are distributed in places where the stress and gravity change are found to be significant.In order to investigate the stability of our stress change models,we applied different friction coefficients and receiver fault parameters.The results justify the friction coefficient(μ=0.4)and the receiver fault parameters(230°,70°,150°)are suitable to define good stress change estimates.According to the stress change results at 15 km depth,the northern parts of the mainshock region,Hundalee fault,Humps fault and Jordan thrust areas together with the Wellington area are closer to failure and situated in a seismic risk zone.The multidimensional analysis adopted in this paper is helpful for making decisions and applications of stress and gravity change models in assessing seismic hazards.

Bootstrap inference of the skew-normal two-way classification random effects model with interaction

In this paper,we consider the statistical inference problems for the fixed effect and variance component functions in the two-way classification random effects model with skewnormal errors.Firstly,the exact test statistic for the fixed effect is constructed.Secondly,using the Bootstrap approach and generalized approach,the one-sided hypothesis testing and interval estimation problems for the single variance component,the sum and ratio of variance components are discussed respectively.Further,the Monte Carlo simulation results indicate that the exact test statistic performs well in the one-sided hypothesis testing problem for the fixed effect.And the Bootstrap approach is better than the generalized approach in the one-sided hypothesis testing problems for variance component functions in most cases.Finally,the above approaches are applied to the real data examples of the consumer price index and value-added index of three industries to verify their rationality and effectiveness.

Hierarchical Linear Model of Monthly Rainfall with Regional and Seasonal Interaction Effects

According to the hierarchical characteristics of monthly rainfall in different regions, the paper takes the geographical factors and seasonal factors into the hierarchical linear model as the level effect. Through clustering methods we select two more representative regional meteorological data. We establish three-layer model by transforming the interactive structure date into nested structure data. According the model theory we perform the corresponding model calculations, optimization and analysis, accordingly to interpret the level effects, and residual test. The results show that most of the difference in Monthly Rainfall was respectively explained by Variables (Meteorological factors, seasonal effects, geographic effects) in different levels.

Scheme for Preparation of Macroscopic Multi-component Entanglement in Cavity QED

我们建议产生多部件的一个计划纠缠了洞领域的协调状态。在这个计划，原子一个一个地通过洞，同时在每个洞由一个强壮的古典领域开车。然后，洞回答到多部件上的原子状态倒塌的察觉纠缠了协调状态。与古典领域的参数的一种明智的选择，我们能有条件地为洞模式生产宏观的多维的最大的纠纷，这被显示出。

品质导向的粮油食品精准加工分子基础与调控

粮油是国家最重要的战略物资,粮油食品产业在国民经济中起着基础作用,深度关系着国计民生和国民健康。粮食和油料中营养组分丰富及其多尺度结构复杂,且加工方式多变,进而影响粮油食品的感官、安全特性和消化吸收、营养健康效应。本文通过系统梳理粮油食品发展现状及产业战略意义,品质导向的粮油食品加工与制造发展现状及面临的挑战,提出从粮油食品的加工过程控制,营养组分多尺度结构变化与结构重构,多维度品质特性调控3个角度,系统解析基于品质导向的粮油食品精准加工的结构基础与调控机制,重点探讨粮油食品中主要营养组分的加工适应性、互作机制,粮油食品加工对感官品质、健康品质和安全品质等品质特性的影响,多维品质与加工过程构效关系与关联调控机制等制约粮油食品未来发展的研究方向,以期建立品质导向的粮油食品精准加工的理论基础、技术方法和新型绿色加工策略,为创制感官、安全和健康品质协同提升的营养健康粮油食品提供理论支撑,推动我国粮油食品加工产业的高质量发展。

基于“社-校-家-生”四维的大学生学业预警影响因素相关性分析——以安徽中医药大学中西医临床医学专业为例

通过回归分析探讨“社-校-家-生”四维影响因素对学业预警机制的相关性,对安徽中医药大学中西医临床医学专业的421名学生展开调研,采用主成分分析法,建立多因素回归分析模型。建立模型后,发现其中影响最大的五方面因素分别是家庭、课外活动、学习基础、人际关系、就业情况。其中,重要性分析中,父母最高文化水平、生活费/月、挂科数目、户籍所在地、担任班委、辅导员联系家长情况排序前六。通过对四维因素进行逐步回归分析与交互分析,发现对学业预警影响最为显著的为家庭因素和学校因素,且两者不存在交互关系。基于回归分析结果显示对学业成绩影响的主要因素为家庭因素、学校因素,其中家庭维度方面主要是生活费/月、户籍所在地起主要作用,与学业成绩呈负相关,学校维度层面主要是辅导员与家长的联系情况以及相关制度的制定与开展影响较大,与学业成绩呈正相关。

基于地下水化学特征的水封油库水幕系统有效性评价

水幕系统有效性是地下水封油库安全稳定运行的重要基础条件,然而目前评价水幕系统有效性的方法并不高效便捷。以我国首个大型地下水封油库工程为背景,采集油库运行期现场水样和岩样进行水质检测分析和电镜扫描试验,获取库址区地下水水化学类型和岩石的矿物成分组成特征。采用数理统计方法,基于地下水水化学特征获得了不同部位地下水之间的水力联系,开展水幕系统有效性评价。研究表明:油库运行初期库址区地下水主要为HCO^(3)—Na•Ca型水,围岩中的钾长石、钠长石和钙长石发生水化学反应,地下水中的K^(+)、Na^(+)、Ca^(2+)和HCO_(3)^(-)浓度总体呈上升趋势,pH值总体呈下降趋势;Cl^(-)浓度低于造成钢筋腐蚀的浓度,地下水对洞库支护系统无明显腐蚀作用;洞库周边监测孔地下水与水幕供水的水化学特征相似,说明水幕系统与油库围岩之间存在较好的水力联系,形成良好的水封效果。该研究可为判断地下水封油库运行情况提供重要依据,并为评价水幕系统有效性提供了一种科学方法。

乳酸菌与酵母菌互作对萝卜泡菜发酵进程及风味品质的影响

为了明确萝卜泡菜发酵过程中的乳酸菌和酵母菌互作对其发酵进程及风味的影响,该研究通过以无菌盐水发酵萝卜作为对照组(CK),考察植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum,Lp)、甘草乳杆菌(Liquorilactobacillus nagelii,Ln)和少孢哈萨克斯坦酵母(Kazachstania exigua,Ke)单菌和混菌(总接种量均为1%)的条件下萝卜泡菜发酵过程中微生物、理化参数的变化,并对比分析了不同菌种发酵终点的挥发性风味物质差异,并对挥发性风味成分进行正交偏最小二乘法判别分析(OPLS-DA)和层次聚类分析(HCA)。结果表明,随着发酵的进行,不同处理组中乳酸菌数量和菌落总数的变化无明显差异,而酵母数量和还原糖含量在单乳酸菌组和CK组中的变化规律一致,并与混菌组呈显著性差异(P<0.05);Lp+Ln+Ke(1:1:1)组的产酸速度和最终酸积累量依次高于双菌发酵组和单菌组。挥发性风味物质分析表明,混菌发酵比单菌发酵产生的风味物质更丰富,且乙酸乙酯仅在Lp+Ln+Ke(1:1:1)组检测到。OPLS-DA和HCA结果表明,可以将不同菌种发酵的泡菜进行有效区分。以上结果表明,多乳酸菌与酵母菌互作,提高了萝卜泡菜发酵进程及品质。

柔性构件对液舱晃荡行为的影响

液舱晃荡可能引起强烈的砰击载荷,对舱壁结构安全产生威胁。传统的制荡方法是在舱内内置各种刚性构件,因此提出在舱底内置一竖向柔性构件的方法进行有效制荡。基于有限元法(FEM)和流体体积法(VOF)建立流体-挡板-液舱流固耦合(FSI)晃荡数值计算模型。在多种激励工况下,针对不同抗弯刚度的柔性构件,利用晃荡过程柔性构件的变形能与晃荡液体的动能相互转化以及构件对运动自由液面的约束作用,研究柔性构件的制荡效果。结果表明:在合适的抗弯刚度下,柔性构件既约束自由液面运动,又大量吸收晃荡流体的动能而转化为变形能,从而达到更佳的制荡效果。

桩土相互作用对桥轨系统近场脉冲地震响应的影响分析

为研究桩土相互作用(PSI)对高速铁路桥梁-无砟轨道系统近场脉冲型地震响应的影响,采用ANSYS软件建立了该桥轨系统有限元模型,从系统自振特性、系统各层结构及层间关键构件震后残余位移和震时包络位移三个方面,分析PSI对系统地震响应的影响规律。研究结果表明:考虑PSI会使高速铁路桥梁-无砟轨道系统的自振周期延长;考虑与不考虑PSI,主梁、底座板、轨道板及钢轨各层结构震后残余变形和震时峰值包络变形均存在差异,沿着里程方向,简支梁、连续梁桥上轨道各层结构震后残余变形和震时峰值包络变形交错变化;PSI对扣件、砂浆层、滑动层及侧向挡块等关键构件的影响较为明显,其中对刚度较小的关键构件的影响尤为显著。抗震验算时,应重点关注PSI对桥梁-无砟轨道系统层间关键构件的影响。

基于多指标交互的加权时序网络节点重要性

时序网络中的重要节点评估一直是社交网络领域中的热门话题,在病毒传播、信息挖掘等方面有着诸多应用。现有的算法虽然考虑到节点的邻居信息对节点产生的影响,但建模时仅仅考虑节点是否存在关系,对于链接强度的考虑不够全面。针对此问题,从时间层面去考虑节点链接强度,提出一种新的层内邻接矩阵。同时,综合考虑节点自身的邻居和跨层节点的公共邻居来衡量层间耦合关系,提出多指标交互算法;其次,构建加权超邻接模型(WSAM);最后,通过计算时序网络中每个时间层节点的特征向量中心性来评估时序网络中节点的重要性。实验结果表明,TWCR算法在时序最大连通分量、网络性能、容错性三个方面优于SAM、SSAM和WPA方法。

A compressed variance component mixed model for detecting QTNs and QTN-by-environment and QTN-by-QTN interactions in genome-wide association studies

Although genome-wide association studies are widely used to mine genes for quantitative traits,the effects to be estimated are confounded,and the methodologies for detecting interactions are imperfect.To address these issues,the mixed model proposed here first estimates the genotypic effects for AA,Aa,and aa,and the genotypic polygenic background replaces additive and dominance polygenic backgrounds.Then,the estimated genotypic effects are partitioned into additive and dominance effects using a one-way analysis of variance model.This strategy was further expanded to cover QTN-by-environment interactions(QEIs)and QTN-by-QTN interactions(QQIs)using the same mixed-model framework.Thus,a three-variance-component mixed model was integrated with our multi-locus random-SNP-effect mixed linear model(mrMLM)method to establish a new methodological framework,3VmrMLM,that detects all types of loci and estimates their effects.In Monte Carlo studies,3VmrMLM correctly detected all types of loci and almost unbiasedly estimated their effects,with high powers and accuracies and a low false positive rate.In re-analyses of 10 traits in 1439 rice hybrids,detection of 269 known genes,45 known gene-by-environment interactions,and 20 known gene-by-gene interactions strongly validated 3VmrMLM.Further analyses of known genes showed more small(67.49%),minor-allele-frequency(35.52%),and pleiotropic(30.54%)genes,with higher repeatability across datasets(54.36%)and more dominance loci.In addition,a heteroscedasticity mixed model in multiple environments and dimension reduction methods in quite a number of environments were developed to detect QEIs,and variable selection under a polygenic background was proposed for QQI detection.This study provides a new approach for revealing the genetic architecture of quantitative traits.