Systematic bibliometric analysis of research hotspots and trends on the application of premium IOLs in the past 2 decades

AIM:To analysis of research hotspots and trends on the application of premium intraocular lens(PIOLs)in the past 2 decades.METHODS:The literature search was performed on the Web of Science and included PIOLs studies published between January 2000 and December 2022.The retrieved literature was collated and analyzed by R-tool’s Bibliometrix package,CitNetExplorer,CiteSpace and other software.RESULTS:A total of 1801 articles about PIOLs were obtained,most of which were published in Spain and the United States.The organization that published the most articles was the University of Valencia in Spain.Alió JL,and Montés-Micó R,from Spain were the most influential authors in this field.The Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery and Journal of Refractive Surgery were the core journals for this field;the top 10 cited articles mainly focus on postoperative satisfaction with multifocal intraocular lens(IOLs)and postoperative results of toric IOLs.Through the keyword analysis,we found that trifocal IOLs,astigmatism and extended depth of focus(EDoF)IOLs are the most discussed topics at present,and the importance of astigmatism and the clinical application of the new generation of PIOLs are the emerging research trends.CONCLUSION:Bibliometric analysis can effectively help to identify multilevel concerns in PIOLs research and the prevailing research trends in the realm of PIOLs encompass the adoption of EDoF IOLs,trifocal IOLs,and their respective Toric models.

Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Modules Enabled by Solid-Liquid Two-Step Film Formation

A considerable efficiency gap exists between large-area perovskite solar modules and small-area perovskite solar cells.The control of forming uniform and large-area film and perovskite crystallization is still the main obstacle restricting the efficiency of PSMs.In this work,we adopted a solid-liquid two-step film formation technique,which involved the evaporation of a lead iodide film and blade coating of an organic ammonium halide solution to prepare perovskite films.This method possesses the advantages of integrating vapor deposition and solution methods,which could apply to substrates with different roughness and avoid using toxic solvents to achieve a more uniform,large-area perovskite film.Furthermore,modification of the NiO_(x)/perovskite buried interface and introduction of Urea additives were utilized to reduce interface recombination and regulate perovskite crystallization.As a result,a large-area perovskite film possessing larger grains,fewer pinholes,and reduced defects could be achieved.The inverted PSM with an active area of 61.56 cm^(2)(10×10 cm^(2)substrate)achieved a champion power conversion efficiency of 20.56%and significantly improved stability.This method suggests an innovative approach to resolving the uniformity issue associated with large-area film fabrication.

A new two-step variational model for multiplicative noise removal with applications to texture images

Multiplicative noise removal problems have attracted much attention in recent years.Unlike additive noise,multiplicative noise destroys almost all information of the original image,especially for texture images.Motivated by the TV-Stokes model,we propose a new two-step variational model to denoise the texture images corrupted by multiplicative noise with a good geometry explanation in this paper.In the first step,we convert the multiplicative denoising problem into an additive one by the logarithm transform and propagate the isophote directions in the tangential field smoothing.Once the isophote directions are constructed,an image is restored to fit the constructed directions in the second step.The existence and uniqueness of the solution to the variational problems are proved.In these two steps,we use the gradient descent method and construct finite difference schemes to solve the problems.Especially,the augmented Lagrangian method and the fast Fourier transform are adopted to accelerate the calculation.Experimental results show that the proposed model can remove the multiplicative noise efficiently and protect the texture well.

Two-step growth of β-Ga_(2)O_(3) on c-plane sapphire using MOCVD for solar-blind photodetector

In this work,a two-step metal organic chemical vapor deposition(MOCVD)method was applied for growingβ-Ga_(2)O_(3) film on c-plane sapphire.Optimized buffer layer growth temperature(T_(B))was found at 700℃ and theβ-Ga_(2)O_(3) film with full width at half maximum(FWHM)of 0.66°was achieved.A metal−semiconductor−metal(MSM)solar-blind photodetector(PD)was fabricated based on theβ-Ga_(2)O_(3) film.Ultrahigh responsivity of 1422 A/W@254 nm and photo-to-dark current ratio(PDCR)of 10^(6) at 10 V bias were obtained.The detectivity of 2.5×10^(15) Jones proved that the photodetector has outstanding performance in detecting weak signals.Moreover,the photodetector exhibited superior wavelength selectivity with rejection ratio(R_(250 nm)/R_(400 nm))of 105.These results indicate that the two-step method is a promising approach for preparation of high-qualityβ-Ga_(2)O_(3)films for high-performance solar-blind photodetectors.

Effect of two-step solid solution on microstructure andδphase precipitation of Inconel 718 alloy

Inconel 718 is the most popular nickel-based superalloy and is extensively used in aerospace,automotive,and energy indus-tries owing to its extraordinary thermomechanical properties.The effects of different two-step solid solution treatments on microstructure andδphase precipitation of Inconel 718 alloy were studied,and the transformation mechanism fromγ″metastable phase toδphase was clarified.The precipitates were statistically analyzed by X-ray diffractometry.The results show that theδphase content firstly increased,and then decreased with the temperature of the second-step solid solution.The changes in microstructure andδphase were studied by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.An intragranularδphase formed in Inconel 718 alloy at the second-[100]_(δ)[011]γ step solid solution temperature of 925℃,and its orientation relationship withγmatrix was determined as//and(010)_(δ)//(111)γ.Furthermore,the Vickers hardness of different heat treatment samples was measured,and the sample treated by second-step solid solution at 1010℃ reached the maximum hardness of HV 446.84.

Two-step strategy—conjunctival flap covering surgery combined with secondary deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty for the treatment of high-risk fungal keratitis

AIM:To investigate whether the two-step strategy[conjunctival flap covering surgery(CFCS)combined with secondary deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty(DALK)]is effective for patients with high-risk fungal keratitis(FK).METHODS:In this noncomparative,retrospective case series,10 subjects(6 males,4 females)with a mean age of 56.5±7.1(range 47-72)y with high-risk FK undergone the two-step strategy were included.Reported outcome measures were healing of the corneal ulcer,recurrence of FK,reject reaction,improvement in best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)and relevant complications.RESULTS:The average diameter of corneal infiltrates was 7.50±0.39 mm,ranging from 6.94 to 8.13 mm.The mean depth of corneal infiltrates was 422.4±77.1μm,ranging from 350 to 535μm.The mean corneal thickness was 597.4±117.3μm,ranging from 458 to 851μm.Hypopyon and endothelial plaques were presented in all patients.The period between the two steps was 3.65±0.9(ranging from 3 to 5)mo.The graft diameter was 7.75±0.39 mm.At the last follow-up(average 9.25±3.39,ranging from 5.5 to 17mo),no fungal recurrence or graft rejection appeared,and all patients showed improvement of BCVA.One patient suffered from liver function impairment due to oral voriconazole for 4wk and recovered spontaneously after 1wk of drug withdrawal.CONCLUSION:The two-step strategy is safe and effective in the treatment of high-risk FK by transforming intentional therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty during acute infection to later optical DALK.It is a practical strategy,especially in areas lacking fresh donor corneas and eye bank services.

Intensified shape selectivity and alkylation reaction for the two-step conversion of methanol aromatization to p-xylene

Two-step conversion of methanol to aromatics via light hydrocarbons can significantly improve the conversion stability compared with direct aromatization of methanol,but it remains a challenge to achieve a high p-xylene(PX)selectivity.Herein,silica coating was firstly used to passivate external acid sites of ZSM-5 catalyst for the aromatization of light hydrocarbons by the chemical liquid deposition method.With the increase of SiO_(2) deposition,the density of the external acid sites of the catalyst was decreased from 0.1 to 0.03 mmol·g^(-1),which inhibited the surface secondary reactions and increased the PX/X from 34.6% to 60.0%.In view of the fact that the aromatization process in the second step was partly inhibited as methanol was consumed in advance in the upper methanol-to-light hydrocarbons catalyst layer,part of methanol was directly introduced into the lower aromatization catalyst layer to promote the alkylation process during the aromatization,which decreased the toluene selectivity from 34.5% to 14.3% but increased the xylene selectivity from 40.0%to 55.3%.It was also found that an appropriate external acid density was needed for aromatization catalyst to strengthen the alkylation process and improve the selectivity of xylene under the conditions of methanol introduction.

A two-step correction of a congenital alar cleft in an adult patient:A case report

This report describes a two-step surgical correction of an isolated left-sided congenital alar cleft in a 21-year-old male patient presenting with a 9×6.5 mm^(2)-sized cleft.Malformations of the alar structure and displacement of the lower lateral cartilage were observed.All flaps survived,and the patient was completely satisfied with the surgical results.This surgical treatment is simple and reliable,can greatly improve the nasal appearance of patients with alar clefts,and may be an alternative to the current surgical treatment.

管理案例教学精品课程建设的思考

中国管理案例教学经过多年的发展和探索,越来越多的院校完成了对管理案例教学从认知、学习、掌握、应用到创新的过程。管理案例教学精品课程的建设有助于推广管理案例教学经验,同时,其作为标杆示范可以让案例教学法的运用取得更大的成效。通过对首届“全国管理案例教学精品课”中的19门获奖课程视频的研究,从课程设计、教学组织安排、教学手段与方法创新等方面进行归纳总结,以期对未来管理案例教学精品课程建设提供经验和建议。

Pareto-Optimal Reinsurance Based on TVaR Premium Principle and Vajda Condition

Reinsurance is an effective risk management tool for insurers to stabilize their profitability. In a typical reinsurance treaty, an insurer cedes part of the loss to a reinsurer. As the insurer faces an increasing number of total losses in the insurance market, the insurer might expect the reinsurer to bear an increasing proportion of the total loss, that is the insurer might expect the reinsurer to pay an increasing proportion of the total claim amount when he faces an increasing number of total claims in the insurance market. Motivated by this, we study the optimal reinsurance problem under the Vajda condition. To prevent moral hazard and reflect the spirit of reinsurance, we assume that the retained loss function is increasing and the ceded loss function satisfies the Vajda condition. We derive the explicit expression of the optimal reinsurance under the TVaR risk measure and TVaR premium principle from the perspective of both an insurer and a reinsurer. Our results show that the explicit expression of the optimal reinsurance is in the form of two or three interconnected line segments. Under an additional mild constraint, we get the optimal parameters and find the optimal reinsurance strategy is full reinsurance, no reinsurance, stop loss reinsurance, or quota-share reinsurance. Finally, we gave an example to analyze the impact of the weighting factor on optimal reinsurance.

Explainable AI and Interpretable Model for Insurance Premium Prediction

Traditional machine learning metrics(TMLMs)are quite useful for the current research work precision,recall,accuracy,MSE and RMSE.Not enough for a practitioner to be confident about the performance and dependability of innovative interpretable model 85%–92%.We included in the prediction process,machine learning models(MLMs)with greater than 99%accuracy with a sensitivity of 95%–98%and specifically in the database.We need to explain the model to domain specialists through the MLMs.Human-understandable explanations in addition to ML professionals must establish trust in the prediction of our model.This is achieved by creating a model-independent,locally accurate explanation set that makes it better than the primary model.As we know that human interaction with machine learning systems on this model’s interpretability is more crucial.For supporting set validations in model selection insurance premium prediction.In this study,we proposed the use of the(LIME and SHAP)approach to understand research properly and explain a model developed using random forest regression to predict insurance premiums.The SHAP algorithm’s drawback,as seen in our experiments,is its lengthy computing time—to produce the findings,it must compute every possible combination.In addition,the experiments conducted were intended to focus on the model’s interpretability and explain its ability using LIME and SHAP,not the insurance premium charge prediction.Three experiments were conducted through experiment,one was to interpret the random forest regression model using LIME techniques.In experiment 2,we used the SHAP technique to interpret the model insurance premium prediction(IPP).

农产品加工企业市场势力与技术创新

农产品加工企业创新是乡村产业高质量发展的重要驱动,但鲜有文献从市场势力视角研究农产品加工企业创新激励。为此,基于创新决策模型解释企业市场势力对技术创新的影响及机制,并采用2008—2021年农产品加工业上市公司数据,运用DLW市场势力测度方法,建立动态面板模型进行实证检验。结果显示:第一,市场势力对农产品加工企业技术创新存在显著促进作用,在使用Bartik工具变量和2SLS方法处理内生性后,该促进作用依然显著;第二,市场势力通过溢价效应和成本效应等机制共同推动农产品加工企业技术创新;第三,市场势力对技术创新的促进作用随着城市交通便利度、企业产权属性等不同呈现出异质性特征。需要从培育领军企业、加强交通基础设施建设、发挥国有企业创新引领作用等方面制定相关政策,以促进农产品加工企业创新,从而助推乡村产业高质量发展。

数字经济时代的“红利”与“鸿沟”:异质性劳动力的微观表征

作为新科技革命条件下产业发展的方向,数字经济具有双刃剑的特点。文章将数字经济发展指数和中国流动人口动态监测调查数据相结合,构建多部门一般均衡理论模型,并实证探讨数字经济发展对工资收入分配的影响。研究发现:数字经济会对高技能劳动力和非常规认知型职业劳动力产生工资溢价效应,降低低技能劳动力的工资收入,从而扩大技能工资收入差距。其中,数字经济引致的城市生产率效应和创新效应是扩大工资收入差距的重要传导机制,且人力资本积累会进一步扩大差距。此外,数字经济的工资溢价效应在东中部地区、人口规模100万及以上的城市、非中老年群体及非农户口群体中更显著。

潮牌联名产品的价格溢出机制

针对潮牌联名产品在一、二手市场的价格差异现象,通过理论架构与数据实证分别解析联名产品在一、二手市场中的价格溢出机理。收集8个主品牌、102个副品牌合作的356条潮牌联名产品和交易信息进行实证研究。相关分析与回归分析结果表明:一手市场与二手市场溢价影响的机理不同。一手市场价格是由品牌方综合考虑产品成本、消费需求与市场竞争制定的,价格溢出影响因素主要包括副品牌奢侈性、主品牌知名度、品牌类型差异和非联名相似款售价;二手市场价格是消费者对产品价值感知的反映,价格溢出的影响因素主要包括主品牌知名度和非联名相似款售价,而副品牌奢侈性和品牌类型差异的影响不显著。这意味着尽管“傍大款”品牌联名策略能提高产品定价,但并不能显著提高潮牌产品的价值。

基于改进YOLOv8n的茶叶嫩稍检测方法

针对名优茶智能采摘中茶叶嫩梢识别精度不足的问题,该研究对YOLOv8n模型进行优化。首先,在主干网络中引入动态蛇形卷积(dynamic snake convolution,DSConv),增强模型对茶叶嫩梢形状信息的捕捉能力;其次,将颈部的路径聚合网络(path aggregation network,PANet)替换为加权双向特征金字塔网络(bi-directional feature pyramid network,BiFPN),强化模型的特征融合效能;最后,在颈部网络的每个C2F模块后增设了无参注意力模块(simple attention module,SimAM),提升模型对茶叶嫩梢的识别关注度。试验结果表明,改进后的模型比原始模型的精确率(precision,P)、召回率(recall,R)、平均精确率均值(mean average precision,m AP)、F1得分(F1 score,F1)分别提升了4.2、2.9、3.7和3.3个百分点,推理速度为42帧/s,模型大小为6.7 MB,满足低算力移动设备的部署条件。与Faster-RCNN、YOLOv5n、YOLOv7n和YOLOv8n目标检测算法相比,该研究提出的改进模型精确率分别高出57.4、4.4、4.7和4.2个百分点,召回率分别高出53.0、3.6、2.8和2.9个百分点,平均精确率均值分别高出58.9、5.0、4.6和3.7个百分点,F1得分分别高出了56.8、3.9、3.7和3.3个百分点,在茶叶嫩梢检测任务中展现出了更高的精确度和更低的漏检率,能够为名优茶的智能采摘提供算法参考。

BG-TH耐热套管特殊螺纹接头开发理论与试验研究

钢铁材料在热采井等350℃超高温度条件下,不仅材料屈服强度和抗拉强度下降,材料的其他物性参数也发生了很大变化,热应变从次要矛盾上升为主要矛盾。对P110和110H两种材质进行了室温与不同高温等级下的试验研究,基于高温下材料的“弹性应力”与“塑性应变”设计理念开发了BG-TH(Thermal)耐热套管,使用有限元分析与实物试验验证设计结构。结果表明,将耐热管材与耐热螺纹接头两者配合使用可提高套管在高温中的耐用性。

人工智能、技能培训与劳动者工资差距

当前,我国数字经济快速发展,共同富裕加快推进,人工智能发展是否扩大了劳动者的工资差距?本文将技能培训纳入任务模型,理论分析了人工智能对劳动者工资差距,以及技能培训对缩小工资差距的作用机制,并利用中国劳动力动态调查数据开展实证研究。理论和实证结果显示,人工智能显著提高了劳动者工资,但也扩大了高、低技能劳动者间的工资差距,技能培训通过相对提高低技能劳动者的职业能力和技能工作匹配度,缩小了人工智能引致的技能溢价。进一步研究发现,人工智能还扩大了中年群体和青年、年长群体,正规就业和非正规就业,大城市与小城市,人工智能发达城市和欠发达城市就业者之间的工资差距,但技能培训有助于弱势群体及弱势地区获得更高的人工智能工资溢价,工资差距缩小。研究结论为劳动者共享人工智能技术红利,加快实现共同富裕提供了理论依据。

旋转式两工位名优茶采摘收集一体末端执行器设计与试验

针对现有的名优茶采摘末端执行器存在结构复杂、单工位工作效率低或切口氧化发红的问题,设计了一种结构简单、工作效率高、采摘质量佳的采摘收集一体旋转式两工位末端执行器。执行器两端软体采摘手指通过正反转循环处于采摘和收集工位,实现采摘与收集功能。通过对末端执行器采收动作进行分析和预试验,得到影响末端执行器采收成功率的因素:舵机臂转角、安装板角速度和硅胶厚度。采用Box-Behnken研究各因素对茶叶采收成功率的影响,以采收成功率为响应值建立二次回归模型,得到影响显著性的主次排序为:安装板角速度、舵机臂转角、硅胶厚度。利用Design-Expert软件,以采收成功率为目标,对各因素进行优化得到最佳参数:安装板角速度为265.329(°)/s、舵机臂转角为40°、硅胶厚度为4.986 mm。对优化后的参数取整并进行试验,试验值与预测值相对误差小于5%。本文研究的旋转式两工位名优茶采摘收集一体末端执行器能够实现茶叶高质高效采摘和收集。

特殊螺纹接头密封面微滑接触行为研究

特殊螺纹接头在井下服役期间受到交变载荷作用,导致接头密封面处发生微滑,影响接头的密封性能。为研究特殊螺纹接头密封面处的微滑接触行为,基于弹性杆振动微分方程,建立了特殊螺纹接头微滑模型,分析了接头密封面的黏着-滑移临界区域及载荷-位移的迟滞特性;利用数值仿真软件建立了接头摩擦接触有限元模型,考察不同内压载荷、位移幅值和摩擦因数的影响下,接头密封面接触压力、相对滑移距离和剪切摩擦力的变化规律,得到了接头密封面处黏着-滑移状态的临界转化范围。研究结果表明:接头的摩擦接触有限元模型可模拟井下实际工况下接头密封面的微滑接触行为;随着内压载荷的增加,相对滑移距离减小、剪切摩擦力和黏着长度增加;随着位移幅值的增加,相对滑移距离增加,黏着长度减小;在内压载荷60~70 MPa之间,位移幅值0.02~0.025 mm之间,分别在密封面处发生黏着-滑移状态的临界转化;随着摩擦因数的增加,密封面相对滑移距离减小,剪切摩擦力和黏着长度增加。研究结果可为动载作用下特殊螺纹接头密封性研究提供参考。

严控“溢价率”条件下住宅用地定价影响因素研究

土地市场是全国统一大市场的有机组成部分,地价管理是土地市场建设的核心工作之一。文章从土地的商品属性和特征价格出发,阐述了不完全竞争状态下的地价波动现象,强调了建立要素市场价格异常波动调节机制的必要性。基于评估方法交叉混淆、评估参数偏差不当、权重选取主观随意、土地评估对未来房价走势及库存和销售情况不敏感等问题,分析了土地评估的局限性。结合严控“溢价率”政策对住宅用地定价的更高要求,指出政府在确定土地出让价格时需一并考虑土地出让底价与15%“溢价率”之间的上下限关系。研究认为:确定住宅用地出让价格是一项复杂而庞大的系统工程,并非由单一因素决定,除参考土地评估价格以外,还应重视土地储备成本、土地出让计提、土地隐性成本、出让年度计划、土地使用强度、地价房价关系、房屋去化周期等7种因素对土地出让价格的影响。在此基础上,将土地出让成本的硬性约束作用、土地供应的政策导向作用、房地联动的产业关联作用纳入住宅用地价格形成机制之中。